1879 United States Senate election in New York

1879 United States Senate election in New York
	January 21, 1879
	January 21, 1879
Majority vote of each house needed to win
Senator before election; Roscoe Conkling; Republican	Elected Senator ; Roscoe Conkling; Republican

The 1879 United States Senate election in New York was held on January 21, 1879, by the New York State Legislature to elect a U.S. Senator (Class 3) to represent the State of New York in the United States Senate.

Background

Republican Roscoe Conkling had been re-elected in January 1873 to this seat, and his term would expire on March 3, 1879.

At the State election in November 1877, 19 Republicans and 13 Democrats were elected for a two-year term (1878-1879) in the State Senate. At the State election in November 1878, 97 Republicans, 28 Democrats and 3 Greenbackers were elected for the session of 1879 to the Assembly, and Republican Thomas Murphy was elected to fill the vacancy in the State Senate caused by the death of Democrat John Morrissey. The 102nd New York State Legislature met from January 7 to May 22, 1879, at Albany, New York.

Candidates

Republican caucus

The caucus of Republican State legislators met on January 20, Temporary President of the State Senate William H. Robertson presided. Present were all Republican legislators except State Senator Louis S. Goebel[1] (6th D.) and Assemblyman James W. Wadsworth. They re-nominated the incumbent U.S. Senator Conkling unanimously.

Democratic caucus

The caucus of the Democratic State legislators met also on January 20. State Senator Thomas C. E. Ecclesine (8th D.) offered to adopt a prostest against the senatorial election proceedings, claiming that the senatorial and assembly districts were incorrectly apportioned and thus the State Legislature did not represent the wish of the people of the State. The protest was substituted by a resolution to appoint a committee which would elaborate an address on the apportionment at a later date. Ecclesine then marched out, and the remaining legislators nominated Lieutenant Governor William Dorsheimer for the U.S. Senate.

**1879 Democratic caucus for United States Senator result**
Office	Candidate	First ballot	Second ballot
U.S. Senator	William Dorsheimer	11	18
	James F. Starbuck	8	8
	DeWitt C. West[2]	8	6
	Elijah Ward	2

Greenback

The two Greenback assemblymen John Banfield (Chemung Co.) and George E. Williams (Oswego Co.) voted for 87-year-old Peter Cooper, a New York City inventor, industrialist and philanthropist who had run for U.S. President in 1876 on the Greenback ticket.

Result

Roscoe Conkling was the choice of both the Assembly and the State Senate, and was declared elected.

**1879 United States Senator election result**
Office	House	Republican		Democrat		Greenback
U.S. Senator	State Senate (32 members)	Roscoe Conkling	20	William Dorsheimer	12
	State Assembly (128 members)	Roscoe Conkling	95	William Dorsheimer	23	Peter Cooper	2

Note: The votes were cast on January 21, but both Houses met in a joint session on January 22 to compare nominations, and declare the result.

Aftermath

Conkling remained in office until May 17, 1881, when he resigned in protest against the distribution of federal patronage in New York by President James A. Garfield without being consulted. The crisis between the Stalwart and the Half-Breed factions of the Republican party arose when the leader of the New Yorker Half-Breeds William H. Robertson was appointed Collector of the Port of New York, a position Conkling wanted to give to one of his Stalwart friends.

Notes

State Senator Goebel refused to caucus with any of the parties, but voted for Conkling at the election.
DeWitt Clinton West (1824-1880), of Lowville, assemblyman 1853

Sources

VICTORIOUS REPUBLICANS in NYT on November 6, 1878 [gives 1 Greenbacker elected, but Williams of Oswego is not in the list; this seems to have been a preliminary result which was later amended]
NEW-YORK'S NEXT SENATOR; ROSCOE CONKLING RENOMINATED in NYT on January 21, 1879
THE DEMOCRATIC CAUCUS.; A REMARKABLE PROTEST OFFERED AND TABLED; LIEUT.-GOV. DORSHEIMER TENDERED THE EMPTY HONOR OF A NOMINATION in NYT on January 21, 1879
CONKLING WINS THE SENATORSHIP in NYT on January 22, 1879
CHOOSING THEIR SENATORS.; ...LIEUT.-GOV. DORSHEIMER FORMALLY ANNOUNCES THE ELECTION in NYT on January 23, 1879

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[1] State Senator Goebel refused to caucus with any of the parties, but voted for Conkling at the election.

[2] DeWitt Clinton West (1824-1880), of Lowville, assemblyman 1853