MLX (gene)

Max-like protein X is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLX gene.[5][6]

MLX
Identifiers
Aliases	MLX, MAD7, MXD7, TCFL4, bHLHd13, MAX dimerization protein, TF4, MAX dimerization protein MLX
External IDs	OMIM: 602976 MGI: 108398 HomoloGene: 7969 GeneCards: MLX
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human)[1] Band 17q21.2 Start 42,567,068 bp[1] End 42,573,239 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse)[2] Band 11|11 D Start 101,087,277 bp[2] End 101,092,207 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • GO:0001131, GO:0001151, GO:0001130, GO:0001204 DNA-binding transcription factor activity • transcription factor binding • RNA polymerase II regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding • GO:0001948 protein binding • protein homodimerization activity • GO:0001078, GO:0001214, GO:0001206 DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific • protein dimerization activity • protein heterodimerization activity • DNA binding • GO:0001200, GO:0001133, GO:0001201 DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific Cellular component • cell nucleus • cytoplasm • nucleoplasm • cytosol • not the membrane Biological process • negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • transcription, DNA-templated • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	6945	21428
Ensembl	ENSG00000108788	ENSMUSG00000017801
UniProt	Q9UH92	O08609
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_198205 NM_170607 NM_198204	NM_001159384 NM_001159385 NM_011550
RefSeq (protein)	NP_733752 NP_937847 NP_937848	NP_001152856 NP_001152857 NP_035680
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 42.57 – 42.57 Mb	Chr 11: 101.09 – 101.09 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

The product of this gene belongs to the family of basic helix-loop-helix leucine zipper (bHLH-Zip) transcription factors. These factors form heterodimers with Mad proteins and play a role in proliferation, determination and differentiation. This gene product may act to diversify Mad family function by its restricted association with a subset of the Mad family of transcriptional repressors, namely Mad1 and Mad4. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified for this gene.[6]

Interactions

MLX (gene) has been shown to interact with MNT,[7][8] MXD1[7][8] and MLXIPL.[7]

MLX must dimerize with MondoA[9] or with MLXIPL (carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein) to regulate target genes.[10]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000108788 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000017801 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Bjerknes M, Cheng H (November 1996). "TCFL4: a gene at 17q21.1 encoding a putative basic helix-loop-helix leucine-zipper transcription factor". Gene. 181 (1–2): 7–11. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(96)00376-9. PMID 8973301.
6. "Entrez Gene: MLX MAX-like protein X".
7. Cairo S, Merla G, Urbinati F, Ballabio A, Reymond A (March 2001). "WBSCR14, a gene mapping to the Williams--Beuren syndrome deleted region, is a new member of the Mlx transcription factor network". Human Molecular Genetics. 10 (6): 617–27. doi:10.1093/hmg/10.6.617. PMID 11230181.
8. Meroni G, Cairo S, Merla G, Messali S, Brent R, Ballabio A, Reymond A (July 2000). "Mlx, a new Max-like bHLHZip family member: the center stage of a novel transcription factors regulatory pathway?". Oncogene. 19 (29): 3266–77. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203634. PMID 10918583.
9. Kaadige MR, Yang J, Wilde BR, Ayer DE (2015). "MondoA-Mlx transcriptional activity is limited by mTOR-MondoA interaction". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 35 (1): 101–110. doi:10.1128/MCB.00636-14. PMC 4295369. PMID 25332233.
10. Song Z, Yang H, Zhou L, Yang F (2019). "Glucose-Sensing Transcription Factor MondoA/ChREBP as Targets for Type 2 Diabetes: Opportunities and Challenges". International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 20 (20): E5132. doi:10.3390/ijms20205132. PMC 6829382. PMID 31623194.

Further reading

• Rommens JM, Durocher F, McArthur J, Tonin P, LeBlanc JF, Allen T, Samson C, Ferri L, Narod S, Morgan K (August 1995). "Generation of a transcription map at the HSD17B locus centromeric to BRCA1 at 17q21". Genomics. 28 (3): 530–42. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.1185. PMID 7490091.
• Bonaldo MF, Lennon G, Soares MB (September 1996). "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Research. 6 (9): 791–806. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548.
• Hillier LD, Lennon G, Becker M, Bonaldo MF, Chiapelli B, Chissoe S, Dietrich N, DuBuque T, Favello A, Gish W, Hawkins M, Hultman M, Kucaba T, Lacy M, Le M, Le N, Mardis E, Moore B, Morris M, Parsons J, Prange C, Rifkin L, Rohlfing T, Schellenberg K, Bento Soares M, Tan F, Thierry-Meg J, Trevaskis E, Underwood K, Wohldman P, Waterston R, Wilson R, Marra M (September 1996). "Generation and analysis of 280,000 human expressed sequence tags". Genome Research. 6 (9): 807–28. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.807. PMID 8889549.
• Billin AN, Eilers AL, Queva C, Ayer DE (December 1999). "Mlx, a novel Max-like BHLHZip protein that interacts with the Max network of transcription factors". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 274 (51): 36344–50. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.51.36344. PMID 10593926.
• Meroni G, Cairo S, Merla G, Messali S, Brent R, Ballabio A, Reymond A (July 2000). "Mlx, a new Max-like bHLHZip family member: the center stage of a novel transcription factors regulatory pathway?". Oncogene. 19 (29): 3266–77. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203634. PMID 10918583.
• Billin AN, Eilers AL, Coulter KL, Logan JS, Ayer DE (December 2000). "MondoA, a novel basic helix-loop-helix-leucine zipper transcriptional activator that constitutes a positive branch of a max-like network". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 20 (23): 8845–54. doi:10.1128/MCB.20.23.8845-8854.2000. PMC 86535. PMID 11073985.
• Cairo S, Merla G, Urbinati F, Ballabio A, Reymond A (March 2001). "WBSCR14, a gene mapping to the Williams--Beuren syndrome deleted region, is a new member of the Mlx transcription factor network". Human Molecular Genetics. 10 (6): 617–27. doi:10.1093/hmg/10.6.617. PMID 11230181.
• Eilers AL, Sundwall E, Lin M, Sullivan AA, Ayer DE (December 2002). "A novel heterodimerization domain, CRM1, and 14-3-3 control subcellular localization of the MondoA-Mlx heterocomplex". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 22 (24): 8514–26. doi:10.1128/MCB.22.24.8514-8526.2002. PMC 139889. PMID 12446771.
• Merla G, Howald C, Antonarakis SE, Reymond A (July 2004). "The subcellular localization of the ChoRE-binding protein, encoded by the Williams-Beuren syndrome critical region gene 14, is regulated by 14-3-3". Human Molecular Genetics. 13 (14): 1505–14. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddh163. PMID 15163635.
• Ma L, Tsatsos NG, Towle HC (March 2005). "Direct role of ChREBP.Mlx in regulating hepatic glucose-responsive genes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 280 (12): 12019–27. doi:10.1074/jbc.M413063200. PMID 15664996.
• Sans CL, Satterwhite DJ, Stoltzman CA, Breen KT, Ayer DE (July 2006). "MondoA-Mlx heterodimers are candidate sensors of cellular energy status: mitochondrial localization and direct regulation of glycolysis". Molecular and Cellular Biology. 26 (13): 4863–71. doi:10.1128/MCB.00657-05. PMC 1489152. PMID 16782875.

External links

• MLX+protein,+human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.