National Anthem of the Sakha Republic

The State Anthem of the Sakha Republic (Yakut: Саха Өрөспүүбүлүкэтин өрөгөйүн ырыата; Russian: Государственный гимн Республики Саха) or National Anthem of Yakutia is the regional anthem of the Sakha Republic, a federal subject of Russia. The national anthem is one of the official symbols of the Sakha Republic, along with the flag and the coat of arms of the Sakha Republic. It was originally written in the Sakha language by Savva Tarasov and Mikhail Timofeyev. The anthem was translated into Russian by Vladimir Fedorov. The music was composed by Kirill Gerasimov. The anthem was officially adopted on 15 July 2004.

Саха Өрөспүүбүлүкэтин өрөгөйүн ырыата

English: National Anthem of the Sakha Republic
Music notification of the anthem with words
Regional anthem of Sakha Republic
Lyrics	Savva Tarasov and Mikhail Timofeyev (Yakut version)[1] Vladimir Fedorov (Russian version)[2]
Music	Kirill Gerasimov
Adopted	15 July 2004
Audio sample
National Anthem of the Sakha Republic file help

The anthem's music is played in F major.[3]

Background

Creation

After the Sakha Republic became a separate sovereign state, the first constitution was adopted. At that time, no official anthem of the Sakha Republic existed. The constitution only stipulates that :

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has the State Emblem, the National Flag and the National Anthem.

— Constitution of the Sakha Republic (1992), Article 140[4]

After the approval of the new constitution, a commission for the creation of the national anthem was formed, with the poet Savva Tarasov as the chairman. A competition for the national anthem was announced. Hundreds of submission for the national anthem was received from throughout the country, but the commission did not approved any of the submission. This caused Savva Tarasov to be replaced from her position in September 1992 by the Deputy Chairman of the Government of the Republic of Sakha, K.K. Koryakin.[5]

After this failure, the president of the Sakha Republic, Mikhail Nikolayev, entrusted the Ministry of Culture of the Sakha Republic, to continue the search for the anthem. In September 1995, at a meeting of the State Assembly of the Sakha Republic, a proposed anthem was presented. The lyrics of the proposed anthem was written by Dmitry Sivtsev. The music of the anthem was based on the final chorus from the opera Nyurgun Bootur, which was composed by Mark Zhirkov and Heinrich Litinsky, and was re-arranged by Y. Sheykina.[6]

In 2000, a new commission was formed under the leadership of the People's Deputy G. G. Mestnikov. The commission presented a new version of the anthem, entitled "Footman's Song" (Yakut: Саргы ырыата, romanized: Sargi ırıata). The lyrics was written by Savva Tarasov and Mikhail Tarasov, and the music was composed by Kirill Gerasimov.[6]

Approval

On March 26, 2003, The President of the Sakha Republic, Vyacheslav Shtyrov, issued a decree to form a new commission to prepare the issue of the anthem, under the leadership of E.S. Nikitina. The commission chooses the work "Footman's Song" and recommended the work to be submitted to the State Assembly of the Sakha Republic. On July 15, 2004, the national anthem was approved by the State Assembly.[6]

On April 27, 2004 the first official performance of the anthem took place on the Day of the Republic.[6]

Previous anthems

Sargılardaax saxalarbıt

The song Sakha, covered with happiness (Yakut: Саргылардаах сахаларбыт, romanized: Sargılardaax saxalarbıt; Russian: Овеянный счастьем якут, romanized: Oveyannyy schast'yem yakut) was adopted as the anthem of the Tungus Republic.[7][8] The anthem itself was composed by Adam Skryabin, and the lyrics of the song was based on the poem by Alampa "Ыччат сахаларга".[9] The poem itself was written in 1917.[10]

The Internationale

The "Internationale" (Yakut: Интернационал, romanized: Internatsional; Novgorodov Alphabet: internessijene:l), was the national anthem of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the state anthem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1922 to 1944.

The Yakut translation of the anthem was planned to be written by Semyon Novgorodov. Unfortunately, due to his nescience of the lyrics of the anthem, he handed over the task to Platon Oyunsky. It was finished on 7 December 1921. The translation was first published in the "Lena Commune" newspaper on 15 December 1921.

State Anthem of the Soviet Union

The "State Anthem of the Soviet Union" (Russian: Госуда́рственный гимн Сове́тского Сою́за, tr. Gosudárstvenny gimn Sovétskogo Soyúza; Yakut: Сэбиэскэй Сойуус өрөгөйүн ырыата, romanized: Sebieskey Soyuus örögöyün ırıata), was the official national anthem of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) and the state anthem of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1944 to 1991, replacing "The Internationale".

Usage of the anthem in Yakut ASSR

After the creation of this anthem, the anthem itself was popularized all over the Soviet Union. In the Yakut ASSR, the Yakut Regional Committee of the CPSU ordered all district and city committees to organize the popularization of the anthem with the help of newspapers, radio, and the creation of study groups for the lyrics of the song, including in the Yakut language.[11]

The Council of People's Commissars of the Yakut ASSR also ordered the Radio Committee to record the Yakut version of the anthem and systematically broadcast it. A total of 15,000 copies of the lyrics were published and sent out on colorful flyers.[11]

Yakut translation of the anthem

The official translation of the anthem in Yakut was approved through a special commission. The commission consisted of the head of the APO of the Yakut regional committee Zakharov, People's Commissar of Education Chemezov, historian G.P. Basharin and composer Mark Zhirkov.[11]

The commission received nine submission of translations from all over the Yakut ASSR. Of all the lyrics submitted, only the lyrics by Nikolai Egorovich Mordinov and poet Sergey Stepanovich Vasilyev was selected. Both were instructed to combine both translation and polish them on January 12, 1944. The final translation was approved by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on 26 June 1944.[11]

Saxa ırıata

The song "Sakha's Song" (Yakut: Саха ырыата, romanized: Saxa ırıata) was originally a poem written by Alampa in 1919. The poem was musicalized by Adam Skryabin.[12]

The song became a symbol of resistance against Soviet rule in the Yakut region from 1921 until 1923, so much that the writer of the poem, Alampa, was labelled as a "nationalist-bourgeoisie". Alampa was sent to the Solovki prison camp after his arrest. The composer of the song, Adam Skryabin, went abroad to evade the persecution and was given trial in absentia.[12]

After a long time, the song was allowed by the Soviet government to be performed publicly. The first public performance of this song was in the Victory Day celebration in the Yakut ASSR in 1945, from a gramophone record. The song was proposed to become the anthem of the Sakha Republic in 1990.[12]

Lyrics

Yakut version

Cyrillic script	Latin script	Phonemic transcription (IPA)[13]
First verse
Сахам сирэ дьоллоох тускуга Саһарҕалыы ыҥыра ыллыыр, Илинтэн арҕаа ол кустуга Алмаас таас курдук сандаара сырдыыр.	Sakham sire collooq tuskuga Saharğalıı ıngıra ıllıır, Ilinten arğaa ol kustuga Almaas taas kurduk sandaara sırdıır.	/sakham siɾe collooq tuskuga/ /sahaɾɣalɯː ɯŋɯɾɑ ɯllɯːɾ ǀ/ /ilinten aɾɣaː ol kustuga/ /almaːs taːs kuɾduk sandaːɾa sɯɾdɯːɾ ǁ/
Chorus
Барҕа быйаҥнаах Сахам дойдута Модун Россия киэн туттуута, Өркөн-өрөгөй тойугун туойдун, Үүнэр үйэҕэ үрдүү туруохтун!	Barğa bıyangnaaq Sakham doyduta Modun Rossiya kien tuttuuta; Örkön-örögöy toyugun tuoydun, Üüner üyeğe ürdüü turuoqtun!	/baɾɣa bɯjaŋnaːx saxam dojduta/ /modun rossija kien tuttuːtɑ ǀ/ /øɾkøn øɾøgøj tojugun tuojdun |/ /yːneɾ yjeɣe yɾdyː turuoxtun ‖/
Second verse
Үллэр үөстээх Өлүөнэ Эбэ Өлбөт-мэҥэ угуттуур уулаах. Элбэх омукка эрчим эбэр, Или-эйэни олохтуур уохтаах.	Üller üösteeh Ölyöne Ebe Ölböt-menge uguttuur uulaaq. Elbeq omukka erçim eber, Ili-eyeni olohtuur uoqtaaq.	/ylleɾ yøsteːx ølyøne ebe/ /ølbøt meŋe uguttuːɾ uːlaːx ‖/ /elbex omukka eɾcim ebeɾ |/ /ili ejeni oloxtuːɾ uoxtɑːx ‖/
Chorus
Барҕа быйаҥнаах Сахам дойдута Модун Россия киэн туттуута, Өркөн-өрөгөй тойугун туойдун, Үүнэр үйэҕэ үрдүү туруохтун!	Barğa bıyangnaah Sakham doyduta Modun Rossiya kien tuttuuta; Örkön-örögöy toyugun tuoydun, Üüner üyeğe ürdüü turuoqtun!	/baɾɣa bɯjaŋnaːx saxam dojduta/ /modun rossija kien tuttuːtɑ ǀ/ /øɾkøn øɾøgøj tojugun tuojdun |/ /yːneɾ yjeɣe yɾdyː turuoxtun ‖/
Third verse
Ааспыт кэммит айхаллаах суола Арчылыыр аар алгыһын биэрдэ, Сахабыт сирэ дьоһун дуолан Сайдыы аартыгар түөрэҕэ түстэ.	Aaspıt kemmit ayqallaah suola Arçılıır aar algıhın bierde, Sakhabıt sire cohun duolan Saydıı aartıgar tüöreğe tüste.	/aːspɯt kemmit ɑjxallaːx suola/ /aɾcɯlɯːɾ aːɾ algɯhɯn bieɾde |/ /saxabɯt siɾe ɟohun duolan/ /sajdɯː aːɾtɯgaɾ tyøɾeɣe tyste ‖/
Chorus
Барҕа быйаҥнаах Сахам дойдута Модун Россия киэн туттуута, Өркөн-өрөгөй тойугун туойдун, Үүнэр үйэҕэ үрдүү туруохтун!	Barğa bıyangnaah Sakham doyduta Modun Rossiya kien tuttuuta; Örkön-örögöy toyugun tuoydun, Üüner üyeğe ürdüü turuoqtun!	/baɾɣa bɯjaŋnaːx saxam dojduta/ /modun rossija kien tuttuːtɑ ǀ/ /øɾkøn øɾøgøj tojugun tuojdun |/ /yːneɾ yjeɣe yɾdyː turuoxtun ‖/

Russian version with English translation

Russian Cyrillic	Russian (Romanization)	Unofficial English translation
I Якутия, ты светом зари К добру и счастью всех нас зовёшь, Алмазной радугой ты горишь И нас к победам грядущим ведёшь. Припев: Цвети и крепни, родная земля, Расти и славься, Якутия. Краса и гордость России ты всей, Тебя раздольней нет и щедрей. II Привольно Лена наша течёт, Водой живой до края полна. Она согласье и силу несёт Дарует мир всем народам она. Припев III Земля Саха, святыни твои С вершин веков напутствуют нас. Мы путь продолжили предков своих, И с честью мы их исполним наказ. Припев	I Jakutija, ty svetom zari K dobru i sčastjju vseh nas zovjošj, Almaznoj radugoj ty gorišj I nas k pobedam grjadušcim vedjoš. Pripev: Cveti i krepni, rodnaja zemlja, Rasti i slavjsja, Jakutija. Krasa i gordostj Rossii ty vsej, Tebja razdoljnej net i šcedrej. II Privoljno Lena naša tečjot, Vodoj živoj do kraja polna. Ona soglasje i silu nesjot Darujet mir vsem narodam ona. Pripev III Zemlja Saha, svjatyni tvoi S veršin vekov naputstvujut nas. My putj prodolžili predkov svoih, I s čestjju my ih ispolnim nakaz. Pripev	I Yakutia, thou art the light of the dawn! To goodness and happiness thou callest us. Thou shinest bright as a rainbow of diamond And lead us on to future victory. Chorus: Shine and grow stronger, native land! Grow and exult, Yakutia! Thou art the beauty and pride of all Russia Thou art free, and liberal in thy gifts. II Freely our Lena flows, with living water to thy wide borders. It carries harmony and strength. It grants all peoples peace. Chorus III Land of Sakha, thy sacred places From peaks of ages direct us. We continue the journey of our ancestors and with honour fulfil their mandate. Chorus

External links

• Lyrics of the Anthem in Sakha
• Lyrics of the Anthem is Russian
• Sheet music for the anthem with Sakha lyrics

References

Citations

1. Gerasimov et al. 2005, pp. 18–19
2. Gerasimov et al. 2005, p. 19
3. Gerasimov et al. 2005, pp. 6–17
4. Fedorov 1994, p. 248
5. Degtyareva 2018, pp. 10–11
6. Degtyareva 2018, p. 11
7. Gogolev 1961, p. 25
8. Antonov 1995, pp. 94–95
9. Petrov 2011, p. 26
10. Sofronov 1976, p. 3
11. Krio (September 20, 2014). "О гимне СССР. Перевод сахалы. Блиц-сообщение" [About the USSR anthem. Yakut translation. Blitz message.]. forum.ykt.ru (in Russian).
12. Degtyareva 2018, p. 10
13. See Yakut phonology.

Bibliography

• Antonov, P.E. (1995), Тунгусское восстание: ошибок можно было избежать [Tungus uprising: mistakes could be avoided] (in Russian), Yakutsk: Ilin
• Gogolev, Z.V. (1961), "Разгром антисоветских восстаний в 1924-1925 и 1927—1928 гг." [The defeat of the anti-Soviet uprisings in 1924-1925 and 1927-1928], Scientific Posts (in Russian) (6)
• Petrov, P. (2011), Адам Скрябин – первый якутский самодеятельный композитор [Adam Skryabin - the first Yakut amateur composer] (in Russian), Yakutsk
• Sofronov, A.I. (1976), А. И. СОФРОНОВ – АЛАМПА; ХОҺООННОР, ПОЭМАЛАР [A. I. Sofronov - Alampa; songs, poems] (PDF) (in Sakha), Yakutsk: Yakut Book Publishing
• Gerasimov, Kirill; Tarasov, Savva; Timofeyev, Mikhail; Fedorov, Vladimir (2005), Гимн Республики Саха (Якутия) [Anthem of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)] (in Russian and Sakha), Yakutsk: Bilchik
• Degtyareva, Eleanor (2018), Гимны как символ патриотизма [Anthem as a symbol of patriotism] (in Russian), retrieved December 17, 2018
• Fedorov, M.M. (1994), Конституции и конституционные акты Республики Саха (Якутия) [The Constitutions and Constitutional acts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)], e.nlrs.ru (in Russian), Yakutsk: Sakha National Book Publishing, retrieved November 19, 2018
• Oyunsky, Platon (2005), БЫЛАТЫАН ОЙҮҮНҮСКАЙ; ХОҺООННОР, ТЫЛБААСТАР, ДРАМАТИЧЕСКАЙ ПОЭМАЛАР [Bılatıan Oyunsky; Songs, Translations, Dramatic Poems] (PDF) (in Sakha), Yakutsk: Bilchik
• Oyunsky, Platon (1920), saŋa ɔlɔq (PDF) (in Sakha), Moscow: Central Publishing of the People's of the USSR