Ayer Hitam (federal constituency)

Ayer Hitam (P148)
Johor constituency
Federal constituency
Legislature	Dewan Rakyat
;
Constituency created	1974
Constituency abolished	1986
Constituency re-created	2004
First contested	1974
Last contested	2018
Demographics
Electors (2018)[1]	46,157
Area (km²)[2]	747

Ayer Hitam is a federal constituency in Batu Pahat District, Johor, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Dewan Rakyat from 1974 to 1986, from 2004 to present.

The federal constituency was created in the 1974 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Dewan Rakyat under the first past the post voting system.

Demographics

Ethnic breakdown of Ayer Hitam's electorate as of 2018[3]

Malay (57.68%)

Chinese (37.97%)

Indian (4.03%)

Other ethnicities (0.33%)

History

It was abolished in 1986 when it was redistributed. It was re-created in 2003.

2004–2016: The constituency contains the polling districts of Sri Sepakat, Lam Lee, Ladang Chaah, Ladang Yong Peng Bhg. 'B', Kangkar Bahru, Yong Peng Utara, Bandar Yong Peng Utara, Bandar Yong Peng Tengah, Bandar Yong Peng Selatan, Yong Peng Selatan, Ladang Yong Peng, Kampong Manong, Taman Jelita, Parit Haji Yusof, Parit Jambi, Sri Mendapat, Kampong Haji Ghaffar, Asam Bubok, Sungai Rambot, Ayer Hitam Selatan, Ayer Hitam Utara, Bandar Ayer Hitam Barat, Bandar Ayer Hitam Timor, Parit Semarang, Parit Quarry, Sabak Uni, Parit Haji Ali, Parit Simpang Tengah.

2016–present:[4] The constituency contains the polling districts of Sri Sepakat, Lam Lee, Ladang Chaah, Ladang Yong Peng Bhg. 'B', Kangkar Bahru, Yong Peng Utara, Bandar Yong Peng Utara, Bandar Yong Peng Tengah, Bandar Yong Peng Selatan, Yong Peng Selatan, Ladang Yong Peng, Kampong Manong, Taman Jelita, Parit Haji Yusof, Parit Jambi, Sri Mendapat, Kampong Haji Ghaffar, Asam Bubok, Sungai Rambot, Ayer Hitam Selatan, Ayer Hitam Utara, Bandar Ayer Hitam Barat, Bandar Ayer Hitam Timor, Parit Semarang, Parit Quarry, Sabak Uni, Parit Haji Ali, Parit Simpang Tengah.

Representation history

Members of Parliament for Ayer Hitam
Parliament	Years	Member	Party
Constituency created from Batu Pahat
4th	1974-1978	Hee Tien Lai (许天来)	BN (MCA)
5th	1978-1982
6th	1982-1986
Constituency abolished, merged into Batu Pahat
Constituency re-created from Batu Pahat
11th	2004-2008	Wee Ka Siong (魏家祥)	BN (MCA)
12th	2008-2013
13th	2013-2018
14th	2018-present

State constituency

Parliamentary constituency	State constituency
Parliamentary constituency	1954–59*	1959–1974	1974–1986	1986–1995	1995–2004	2004–2018	2018–present
Ayer Hitam						Semarang
			Sri Lalang
			Sri Medan
						Yong Peng

Election results

Malaysian general election, 2018
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Wee Ka Siong	17,076	43.98	-15.96
	PH	Liew Chin Tong	16,773	43.20	+43.20
	PAS	Mardi Marwan	4,975	12.82	-27.24
Total valid votes			38,824	100.00
Total rejected ballots			556
Unreturned ballots			94
Turnout			39,474	85.52
Registered electors			46,157
Majority			303	0.78
	BN hold		Swing		-29.58
Source(s) "His Majesty's Government Gazette - Notice of Contested Election, Parliament for the State of Johore [P.U. (B) 244/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 3 May 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 December 2019. Retrieved 2018-08-01. "Federal Government Gazette - Results of Contested Election and Statements of the Poll after the Official Addition of Votes, Parliamentary Constituencies for the State of Johore [P.U. (B) 318/2018]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 28 May 2018. Retrieved 2018-08-01.

Malaysian general election, 2013
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Wee Ka Siong	22,045	59.94	-16.25
	PAS	Hu Pang Chaw	14,735	40.06	+16.25
Total valid votes			36,780	100.00
Total rejected ballots			967
Unreturned ballots			94
Turnout			37,841	88.18
Registered electors			42,913
Majority			7,310	19.88
	BN hold		Swing		-16.25
Source(s) "Federal Government Gazette - Notice of Contested Election, Parliament for the State of Johore [P.U. (B) 181/2013]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 26 April 2013. Retrieved 2016-05-12. "Federal Government Gazette - Results of Contested Election and Statements of the Poll after the Official Addition of Votes, Parliamentary Constituencies for the State of Johore [P.U. (B) 222/2013]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 22 May 2013. Retrieved 2016-05-12.

Malaysian general election, 2008
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Wee Ka Siong	20,230	76.19	-6.15
	PAS	Husin Sujak	6,321	23.81	+6.15
Total valid votes			26,551	100.00
Total rejected ballots			907
Unreturned ballots			30
Turnout			27,488	78.98
Registered electors			34,805
Majority			13,909	52.38
	BN hold		Swing		-6.15

Malaysian general election, 2004
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	BN	Wee Ka Siong	20,065	82.34
	PAS	Mohd Zamri Md Taksis	4,302	17.66
Total valid votes			24,367	100.00
Total rejected ballots			851
Unreturned ballots
Turnout			25,218	76.87
Registered electors			32,806
Majority			15,763	64.68
This was a new constituency recreated.

Malaysian general election, 1982
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Hee Tien Lai	21,737	78.13	-10.55
	DAP	Chan Yeik Nong	6,085	21.87	+21.87
Total valid votes			27,822	100.00
Total rejected ballots			1,115
Unreturned ballots
Turnout			28,937	76.60
Registered electors			37,778
Majority			15,652
	BN hold		Swing		-16.21

Malaysian general election, 1978
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	∆%
	BN	Hee Tien Lai	20,885	88.68	N/A
	PAS	Jaini Salleh	2,666	11.32	+11.32
Total valid votes			23,551	100.00
Total rejected ballots
Unreturned ballots
Turnout
Registered electors			31,251
Majority			18,189
	BN hold		Swing		N/A

Malaysian general election, 1974
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
On the nomination day, Hee Tien Lai won uncontested.
	BN	Hee Tien Lai
Total valid votes				100.00
Total rejected ballots
Unreturned ballots
Turnout
Registered electors			24,845
Majority
This was a new constituency created.

References

"Keputusan Pilihan Raya Suruhanjaya Pilihan Raya". Election Commission of Malaysia. Retrieved 2018-08-12.

"Electoral Roll for the 14th Malaysian General Election Updated as of 10 April 2018" (PDF) (in Malay). Election Commission of Malaysia. 10 April 2018. p. 34. Retrieved 2020-01-29.
Laporan Kajian Semula Persempadanan Mengenai Syor-Syor Yang Dicadangkan Bagi Bahagian-Bahagian Pilihan Raya Persekutuan Dan Negeri Di Dalam Negeri-Negeri Tanah Melayu Kali Keenam Tahun 2018 Jilid 1 (PDF) (Report) (in Malay). Election Commission of Malaysia. 2018. Retrieved 2020-01-29.
"14th General Election Malaysia (GE14 / PRU14) - Results Overview". election.thestar.com.my. Retrieved 2020-06-20.
"Federal Government Gazette - Notice of Polling Districts and Polling Centres for the Federal Constituencies and State Constituencies of the States of Malaya [P.U. (B) 197/2016]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 29 April 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 2016-07-08.

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[1] "Electoral Roll for the 14th Malaysian General Election Updated as of 10 April 2018" (PDF) (in Malay). Election Commission of Malaysia. 10 April 2018. p. 34. Retrieved 2020-01-29.

[2] Laporan Kajian Semula Persempadanan Mengenai Syor-Syor Yang Dicadangkan Bagi Bahagian-Bahagian Pilihan Raya Persekutuan Dan Negeri Di Dalam Negeri-Negeri Tanah Melayu Kali Keenam Tahun 2018 Jilid 1 (PDF) (Report) (in Malay). Election Commission of Malaysia. 2018. Retrieved 2020-01-29.

[3] "14th General Election Malaysia (GE14 / PRU14) - Results Overview". election.thestar.com.my. Retrieved 2020-06-20.

[4] "Federal Government Gazette - Notice of Polling Districts and Polling Centres for the Federal Constituencies and State Constituencies of the States of Malaya [P.U. (B) 197/2016]" (PDF). Attorney General's Chambers of Malaysia. 29 April 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 2016-07-08.