1832 and 1833 United States House of Representatives elections
Elections to the United States House of Representatives were held in 1832. They were held concurrently with the 1832 presidential election, in which Democrat[lower-alpha 3] Andrew Jackson was re-elected.
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
All 240 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives 121 seats needed for a majority | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
The Jacksonians[lower-alpha 3] gained 17 seats, picking up several new seats in districts that were created following the 1830 census, with the rival National Republican Party losing three seats.
Economic issues were key factors in this election: Southern agricultural districts reacted angrily to the passage of the Tariff of 1832, which led to the Nullification Crisis. President Andrew Jackson and the Jacksonians showed a distrust for the banking sector, particularly the central Second Bank of the United States, which was strongly supported by the rival Anti-Jacksonian Party.[lower-alpha 4]
The third-party Anti-Masonic Party, based on anti-Masonry, gained eight seats, and Nullifier Party, a John C. Calhoun-led states' rights party that supported South Carolina in the Nullification Crisis, picked up eight of the nine representatives in South Carolina's delegation.
The House initially elected Andrew Stevenson as Speaker, but he resigned from the House after President Jackson appointed him as U.S. Minister to the United Kingdom: Anti-Jacksonian Representatives subsequently elected John Bell as Speaker over James Polk.
Election summaries
Following the 1830 Census, 27 new seats were apportioned,[1] with 4 states losing 1 seat each, 8 states having no change, and the remaining 12 states gaining between 1 and 6 seats.
63 | 25 | 143 | 9 |
Anti-Jacksonian | Anti-Masonic | Jacksonian | [lower-alpha 5] |
State | Type | Date | Total seats |
Anti-Jacksonian | Anti-Masonic | Jacksonian | Nullifier | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | Seats | Change | |||
Delaware | At-large | November 13, 1832 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Georgia | At-large | October 1, 1832 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 2 | 0 | |||
Illinois | Districts | August 6, 1832 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 2 | 0 | |||
Louisiana[lower-alpha 6] | Districts | July 2–4, 1832 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Mississippi | At-large | August 6–7, 1832 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | |||
Missouri[lower-alpha 7] | At-large | August 5–6, 1833 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||
New Jersey | At-large | November 6, 1832 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 6 | 6 | 0 | |||
New York | District | November 5–7, 1832 | 40 | 6 | 0 | 3 | 8 | 32 | 9 | 0 | ||
Ohio | Districts | October 9, 1832 | 19 | 5 | 6 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 11 | 5 | 0 | |
Pennsylvania | Districts | October 9, 1832 | 28 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 10 | 3 | 14 | 3 | 0 | |
Late elections (After the March 4, 1833 beginning of the term) | ||||||||||||
Alabama | Districts | August 5, 1833 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
Connecticut | At-large | April 11, 1833 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Indiana | Districts | August 5, 1833 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 6 | 3 | 0 | ||
Kentucky | Districts | August 5, 1833 | 13 | 1 | 9 | 5 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | ||
Maine | Districts | September 9, 1833 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 7 | 1 | 0 | |||
Maryland | Districts | October 7, 1833 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 6 | 2 | 0 | ||
Massachusetts | Districts | April 1, 1833 | 12 | 1 | 9 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 0 | |
New Hampshire | At-large | March 12, 1833 | 5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 0 | |||
North Carolina | Districts | August 8, 1833 | 13 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 6 | 5 | 0 | |||
Rhode Island | At-large | August 27, 1833 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |||
South Carolina | Districts | September 2–3, 1833 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 4 | |||
Tennessee | Districts | August 1–2, 1833 | 13 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 12 | 4 | 0 | |||
Vermont | Districts | January 1, 1833 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |||||
Virginia | Districts | April 1833 | 21 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 14 | 3 | 0 | ||
Total | 240 | 27 | 63 26.3% |
3 | 25 10.4% |
8 | 143 59.6% |
17 | 9 3.8% |
5 |
Special elections
22nd Congress
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maryland 6 | George Edward Mitchell | Jacksonian | 1822 1826 (Retired) 1829 |
Incumbent died June 28, 1832. New member elected October 1, 1832. Jacksonian hold. Successor seated December 3, 1832. |
|
Virginia 22 | Charles Clement Johnston | Jacksonian | 1831 | Incumbent died June 17, 1832. New member elected in 1832. Jacksonian hold. Successor seated December 12, 1832. |
|
Vermont 1 | Jonathan Hunt | Anti-Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent died May 15, 1832. New member elected January 1, 1833 on the fourth ballot. Anti-Jacksonian hold. Winner also elected the same day to the next term, see below. Successor seated January 21, 1833. |
First ballot (July 6, 1832):
Second ballot (September 4, 1832):
Third ballot (November 6, 1832):
Fourth ballot (January 1, 1833):
|
Virginia 18 | Philip Doddridge | Anti-Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent died November 19, 1832. New member elected January 1, 1833. Jacksonian gain. Successor seated January 21, 1833. |
|
23rd Congress
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Virginia 5 | John Randolph | Jacksonian | 1815 1817 (Retired) 1819 1825 (Resigned) 1827 1829 (Retired) 1833 |
Incumbent died May 24, 1833. New member elected in August 1833. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Pennsylvania 1 | Joel B. Sutherland | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent member-elect resigned March 3, 1833 to become a judge, but then resigned that position to run for this seat. Incumbent re-elected October 8, 1833. |
|
Alabama
Arkansas Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.
Connecticut
Connecticut kept its apportionment at 6 seats and elected its members at-large April 11, 1833.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Connecticut at-large 6 seats |
Noyes Barber | Anti-Jacksonian | 1821 | Incumbent re-elected. | Elected on a general ticket:
|
William W. Ellsworth | Anti-Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Ebenezer Young | Anti-Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Jabez W. Huntington | Anti-Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Ralph I. Ingersoll | Anti-Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. | ||
William L. Storrs | Anti-Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
Delaware
Florida Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.
Georgia
Georgia now had 9 seats, having gained 2 seats in reapportionment, and elected its members at-large on October 1, 1832.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Georgia at-large (9 seats) |
James M. Wayne | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | Elected on a general ticket:
|
Richard Henry Wilde | Jacksonian | 1814 1816 (Lost) 1824 (Special) 1826 (Lost) 1827 (Special) |
Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Wiley Thompson | Jacksonian | 1820 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. | ||
Augustin S. Clayton | Jacksonian | 1831 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Thomas F. Foster | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Henry G. Lamar | Jacksonian | 1829 (Special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. | ||
Daniel Newnan | Jacksonian | 1830 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. | ||
New seat | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. | ||||
New seat | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
Illinois
Indiana
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maine held its elections September 9, 1833.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Maine 1 | |||||
Maine 2 | |||||
Maine 3 | |||||
Maine 4 | |||||
Maine 5 | |||||
Maine 6 | |||||
Maine 7 | |||||
Maine 8 | New seat | New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
|
Maryland
Massachusetts
Elections were held April 1, 1833, after the term began but before the House convened in December 1833. However, at least one district went to several ballots into early 1834.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Massachusetts 1 | Benjamin Gorham | Anti-Jacksonian | 1820 (Special) 1822 (Retired) 1827 (Special) |
Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
|
Massachusetts 2 | Benjamin Crowninshield | Jacksonian | 1823 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
|
Massachusetts 3 | Jeremiah Nelson | Anti-Jacksonian | 1832 (Late) | Incumbent retired. New member elected late on the third ballot. Jacksonian gain. |
First ballot (April 1, 1833):
Second ballot (May 6, 1833):
Third ballot (June 10, 1833):
|
Massachusetts 4 | Edward Everett | Anti-Jacksonian | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 5 | John Davis | Anti-Jacksonian | 1824 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 6 | George Grennell Jr. Redistricted from the 7th district |
Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 7 | |||||
Massachusetts 8 | Isaac C. Bates | Anti-Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Massachusetts 9 | Henry Dearborn Redistricted from the 10th district |
Anti-Jacksonian | 1830 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected late on the eighth ballot. Anti-Masonic gain. |
First ballot (April 1, 1833):
Second ballot (May 6, 1833):
Third ballot (June 10, 1833):
Fourth ballot (August 12, 1833):
Fifth ballot (November 11, 1833):
Sixth ballot (December 16, 1834):
Seventh ballot (January 27, 1834):
Eighth ballot (February 17, 1834):
|
Massachusetts 10 | James L. Hodges Redistricted from the 12th district |
Anti-Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian hold. |
|
Massachusetts 11 | |||||
Massachusetts 12 | John Quincy Adams Redistricted from the 11th district |
Anti-Jacksonian | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected from a new party. Anti-Masonic gain. |
|
Michigan Territory
See Non-voting delegates, below.
Mississippi
Missouri
New Hampshire
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
New Hampshire at-large 5 seats |
John Brodhead | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
Elected on a general ticket:
|
Thomas Chandler | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. | ||
Joseph Hammons | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. | ||
Joseph M. Harper | Jacksonian | 1831 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Henry Hubbard | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent re-elected. |
New Jersey
New York
North Carolina
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[33] | |
North Carolina 1 | |||||
North Carolina 2 | |||||
North Carolina 3 | |||||
North Carolina 4 | |||||
North Carolina 5 | |||||
North Carolina 6 | |||||
North Carolina 7 | |||||
North Carolina 8 | |||||
North Carolina 9 | |||||
North Carolina 10 | |||||
North Carolina 11 | |||||
North Carolina 12 | Samuel Price Carson | Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
|
North Carolina 13 |
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Following the reapportionment resulting from the 1830 census, Pennsylvania gained two representatives, increasing from 26 to 28, and was redistricted into 25 districts, two of which were plural districts. Pennsylvania elected its members October 9, 1832.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates[34][lower-alpha 8] | |
Pennsylvania 1 | Joel B. Sutherland | Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected. Winner resigned to become a judge but then won re-election to the seat. |
|
Pennsylvania 2 Plural district with 2 seats |
Henry Horn | Jacksonian | 1830 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
|
None (Seat created) | New seat. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. | ||||
Pennsylvania 3 | John G. Watmough | Anti-Jacksonian | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 4 Plural district with 3 seats |
William Hiester | Anti-Masonic | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Joshua Evans Jr. | Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. | ||
David Potts Jr. | Anti-Masonic | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected. | ||
Pennsylvania 5 | Joel K. Mann | Jacksonian | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 6 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
| ||
Pennsylvania 7 | Peter Ihrie Jr. Redistricted from the 8th district |
Jacksonian | 1829 (Special) | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Jacksonian hold |
|
Pennsylvania 8 | Henry King Redistricted from the 7th district |
Jacksonian | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 9 | Henry A. P. Muhlenberg Redistricted from the 7th district |
Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 10 | John C. Bucher Redistricted from the 6th district |
Jacksonian | 1830 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 11 | Adam King Redistricted from the 10th district |
Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 12 | Thomas H. Crawford Redistricted from the 11th district |
Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected. Anti-Masonic gain. |
|
Pennsylvania 13 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
| ||
Pennsylvania 14 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
| ||
Pennsylvania 15 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
| ||
Pennsylvania 16 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
| ||
Pennsylvania 17 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
| ||
Pennsylvania 18 | George Burd Redistricted from the 13th district |
Anti-Jacksonian | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 19 | Richard Coulter Redistricted from the 17th district |
Jacksonian | 1826 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 20 | Andrew Stewart Redistricted from the 14th district |
Anti-Masonic | 1820 1828 (Lost) 1830 |
Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 21 | Thomas M. T. McKennan Redistricted from the 15th district |
Anti-Masonic | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 22 | Harmar Denny Redistricted from the 16th district |
Anti-Masonic | 1829 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 23 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
| ||
Pennsylvania 24 | John Banks Redistricted from the 18th district |
Anti-Masonic | 1830 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Pennsylvania 25 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
|
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Elections held late, from August 1 to August 2 1833.
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Tennessee 1 | John Blair | Jacksonian | 1823 | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Thomas D. Arnold | Anti-Jacksonian | 1831 | Redistricted from the 2nd district. | ||
Tennessee 2 | Thomas D. Arnold | Anti-Jacksonian | 1831 | Incumbent redistricted to the 1st district. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
|
Tennessee 3 | James I. Standifer | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent redistricted to the 4th district. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Tennessee 4 | Jacob C. Isacks | Jacksonian | 1823 | Incumbent redistricted to the 5th district. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
James I. Standifer | Jacksonian | 1829 | Redistricted from the 3rd district. | ||
Tennessee 5 | William Hall | Jacksonian | 1831 | Incumbent retired. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Jacob C. Isacks | Jacksonian | 1823 | Redistricted from the 4th district. | ||
Tennessee 6 | James K. Polk | Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent redistricted to the 9th district. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Tennessee 7 | John Bell | Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent re-elected. | |
Tennessee 8 | Cave Johnson | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent redistricted to the 11th district. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
Tennessee 9 | William Fitzgerald | Jacksonian | 1831 | Incumbent redistricted. New member elected. Jacksonian hold. |
|
James K. Polk | Jacksonian | 1825 | Redistricted from the 6th district. | ||
Tennessee 10 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
| ||
Tennessee 11 | Cave Johnson | Jacksonian | 1829 | Incumbent redistricted from the 8th district. Jacksonian gain. |
|
Tennessee 12 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Anti-Jacksonian gain. |
| ||
Tennessee 13 | None (District created) | New seat. New member elected. Jacksonian gain. |
|
Vermont
Vermont elected its members January 1, 1833, but two were elected late in the Spring of 1833. The 4th district's election in the previous cycle (1830–1831) went to eleven ballots, so its member wasn't elected until the 1832, near the beginning of this cycle (1832–1833).
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Member | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Vermont 1 | Jonathan Hunt | Anti-Jacksonian | 1827 | Incumbent died May 15, 1832. New member elected. Winner also elected the same day to finish the current term. |
|
Vermont 2 | William Slade | Anti-Masonic | 1831 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Vermont 3 | Horace Everett | Anti-Jacksonian | 1828 | Incumbent re-elected on the third ballot. | First ballot (January 1, 1833):
Second ballot (March 5, 1833):
Third ballot (May 7, 1833):
|
Vermont 4 | Heman Allen | Anti-Jacksonian | 1832 (Late) | Incumbent re-elected. |
|
Vermont 5 | William Cahoon | Anti-Masonic | 1829 | Incumbent lost re-election. New member elected on the second ballot. Anti-Masonic hold. |
First ballot (January 1, 1833):
Second ballot (March 5, 1833):
|
Virginia
Non-voting delegates
District | Incumbent | This race | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Delegate | Party | First elected | Results | Candidates | |
Arkansas Territory at-large | Ambrose H. Sevier | Jacksonian | 1828 (Special) | Incumbent re-elected on an unknown date. |
|
Florida Territory at-large | Joseph M. White | Jacksonian | 1825 | Incumbent re-elected on an unknown date. |
|
Michigan Territory at-large | Austin Eli Wing | Jacksonian | 1830 or 1831 | Incumbent retired. New delegate elected on an unknown date. Jacksonian hold. |
|
See also
Notes
- Not including special election and the few regular elections that went past this date for several ballots
- There are discrepancies among the sources, e.g. Dubin, pg. 108 (and Moore, pg. 956-959) vs. Martis, pg. 92 (and "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives.): Dubin lists 145 Democrats (or Jacksonians, including 1 Independent Democrat), 60 National Republicans, 24 Anti-Masons, 7 Southern Rights or Nullifiers, and 1 "Unionist", while the latter sources list 143 Jacksonians or Democrats, 63 Anti-Jacksonians or National Republicans, 25 Anti-Masons, and 9 Nullifiers. Figures used here defer to Martis and the party figures from the Historian of the House.
- By this point, Jacksonians also started to be known as Democrats.
- By this point, Anti-Jacksonians were also known as National Republicans.
- Nullifier
- While Dubin (pg. 103) and Moore (pg. 956) indicate that Philemon Thomas of LA-02 was a Democrat/Jeffersonian, Martis (pg. 92) lists Philemon Thomas as a National Republican/Anti-Jeffersonian – figures listed here defer to Martis in this case.
- Missouri held an election in 1832 for the first seat in its at-large district, and again in 1833 for the second seat in that district.
- For plural districts, percent is based on assumption that each voter cast as many votes as there are seats
- Changed parties
References
- 4 Stat. 516
- "Our Campaigns - MD District 6 Race - Oct 01, 1832".
- "Our Campaigns - VA District 22 Special Election". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - VT - District 01 - Special Election - First Trial Race - Jul 03, 1832". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - VT - District 01 - Special Election - Second Trial Race - Sep 04, 1832". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - VT - District 01 - Special Election - Third Trial Race - Nov 06, 1832". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - VT - District 01 - Special Election - Fourth Trial Race - Jan 01, 1833". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - VA District 18 Special Election Race - Jan 00, 1833".
- "Our Campaigns - VA District 05 Special Election". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - CT At-Large Race - Apr 11, 1833".
- "Our Campaigns - GA at Large Race - Oct 01, 1832".
- https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=722910
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 1 (Suffolk) Race - Nov 01, 1830". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 2 (Essex South) Race - Nov 01, 1830". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 - 1st Trial Race - Apr 01, 1833". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 - 2nd Trial Race - May 06, 1833". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 3 - 3rd Trial Race - Jun 10, 1833". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 4 Race - Apr 01, 1833". OurCampaigns.com.
- "MA District 5". OurCampaigns.com.
- "MA District 6". OurCampaigns.com.
- "MA District 8". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 9 - 1st Trial Race - Apr 01, 1833". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 9 - 2nd Trial Race - May 06, 1833". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 9 - 3rd Trial Race - Jun 10, 1833". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 9 - 4th Trial Race - Aug 12, 1833". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 9 - 5th Trial Race - Nov 11, 1833". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 9 - 6th Trial Race - Dec 16, 1833". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 9 - 7th Trial Race - Jan 27, 1834". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 9 - 8th Trial Race - Feb 17, 1834". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 10 Race - Apr 01, 1833". OurCampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - MA District 12 Race - Apr 01, 1833". OurCampaigns.com. Retrieved October 17, 2020.
- "Our Campaigns - NH At-Large Race - Mar 12, 1833". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved January 7, 2021.
- "Election Returns". The Fayetteville Observer. August 20, 1833. Retrieved May 29, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
- "Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project" (PDF).
- "TN - District 01". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- "TN - District 02". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- "TN - District 03". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- "TN - District 04". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- "TN - District 05". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- "TN - District 06". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- "TN - District 07". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- "TN - District 08". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- Pukl, Joseph (Winter 1981). "James K. Polk's Congressional Campaigns, 1829-1833". Tennessee Historical Quarterly. 40 (4): 348–365. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
- "Our Campaigns - VT - District 02 Race - Jan 01, 1833". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - VT - District 03 - First Trial Race - Jan 01, 1833". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - VT - District 03 - Second Trial Race - Mar 05, 1833". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - VT - District 03 - Third Trial Race - May 07, 1833". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - VT - District 04 Race - Jan 01, 1833". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - VT - District 05 - First Trial Race - Jan 01, 1833". www.ourcampaigns.com.
- "Our Campaigns - VT - District 05 - Second Trial Race - Mar 05, 1833". www.ourcampaigns.com.
Bibliography
- Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
- Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
- Moore, John L., ed. (1994). Congressional Quarterly's Guide to U.S. Elections (Third ed.). Congressional Quarterly Inc. ISBN 978-0871879967.
- "Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, House of United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.
External links
- Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)