List of wars: 1990–2002

This is a list of wars that began between 1990 and 2002. Other wars can be found in the historical lists of wars and the list of wars extended by diplomatic irregularity. Major wars from this era include the Second Congo War in Africa, the Yugoslav Wars in Europe, the Tajikistani Civil War in Asia, and the Cenepa War in South America.

Graph of global conflict deaths from 1990 to 2002 from various sources.

1990–2002

Start	Finish	Name of Conflict	Belligerents
			Victorious party (if applicable)	Defeated party (if applicable)
1990	1991	Gulf War	Kuwait  United States  United Kingdom  Saudi Arabia  France  Italy  Canada  Australia  Egypt  Syria  Qatar Coalition Forces	Iraq
1990	1998	1990–1998 Indonesian military operations in Aceh	Indonesia	Free Aceh Movement
1990	Ongoing	DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey	Turkey	DHKP-C
1990	1994	Rwandan Civil War	FPR	Government of Rwanda  France  Zaire Interahamwe Impuzamugambi
1990	1995	Tuareg rebellion (1990–1995)	Mali  Niger Ganda Iso	Arab Islamic Front of Azawad Popular Front for the Liberation of Azawad United Movements and Fronts of Azawad Front for the Liberation of Air and Azaouak Front for the Liberation of Tamoust
1990	1990	1990 Mindanao crisis	Philippines	Federal Republic of Mindanao
1991	1991	Operation Traira	Brazil  Colombia	FARC
1991	1991	Ten-Day War	Slovenia	SFR Yugoslavia
1991	1992	1991–1992 South Ossetia War	South Ossetia  North Ossetian volunteers  Russia	Georgia
1991	1994	Djiboutian Civil War	Djibouti  France	Front for the Restoration of Unity and Democracy
1991	1995	Croatian War of Independence	Croatia Bosnia and Herzegovina (1994–1995)	SFR Yugoslavia (1991–1992)  Republic of Serbian Krajina (1991–1995)  Republika Srpska (1992–1995)
1991	2002	Sierra Leone Civil War	Sierra Leone Kamajors  South African Mercenaries  Nigerian-led ECOMOG Group  United Kingdom	Revolutionary United Front Armed Forces Revolutionary Council West Side Boys  Liberia
1991	2002	Algerian Civil War	Algerian government	Armed Islamic Group (GIA)
1991	Ongoing	Somali Civil War	1986–1991: Armed rebel groups: SSDF SNM SPM USC SDF 1992–1995:  United Nations UNOSOM I Unified Task Force UNOSOM II 2006–2009: Transitional Federal Government  Ethiopia AMISOM Allied armed groups: ARPCT Ahlu Sunna Waljama'a 2009–present: Federal Government of Somalia AMISOM Advisers/Operators  United States	1986–1991: Somali Democratic Republic (until 1991) SNA Allied rebel groups: SNF (after 1991) 1992–1993: USC 2006–2009: Islamic Courts Union Oromo Liberation Front[1] Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia Al-Shabaab Ras Kamboni Brigades Jabhatul Islamiya Muaskar Anole 2009–present: Al-Qaeda Al-Shabaab Foreign Mujahideen Hizbul Islam Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (since 2015)
1991	1993	Georgian Civil War	Georgian State Council  Russia	Zviadists National Guard of Georgia
1991	1991	1991 uprisings in Iraq	Ba'athist Iraq	Shia militias  Kurdistan
1992	1995	Bosnian War	Bosnia and Herzegovina  Croatian Herzeg-Bosnia (1992; 1994-1995)  Croatia (1992; 1994-1995)  NATO (1995)	Republika Srpska  Republic of Serbian Krajina Western Bosnia (1993-1995)
1992	1992	1992 Venezuelan coup d'état attempts	Venezuela	Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement-200
1992	1992	East Prigorodny Conflict	North Ossetian militia and security forces North Ossetian Republican Guard South Ossetian militia Don Cossacks Terek Cossacks Russian Army	Ingush militia
1992	1996	Civil war in Afghanistan (1992–1996)	Taliban Al Qaeda Supported by:  Pakistan  Saudi Arabia Hezbi Islami(Supported by Pakistan) Hezb-i Wahdat (Supported by Iran) Junbish-i Milli (Supported by Uzbekistan and Russia)	Unit Party Jamiat-i Islami Shura-i Nazar Ittehad-i Islami Harakat-i Islami Hezbi Islami (until August 1992) Junbish-i Milli (until 1994) Hezb-i Wahdat (until December 1992)
1992	1992	War of Transnistria	Transnistria  Russian Volunteers Russian 14th Army  Ukrainian Volunteers Don Cossacks	Moldova  Romanian Volunteers and advisors
1992	1993	War in Abkhazia (1992–1993)	Abkhazia  Russia Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus Russian Cossacks	Georgia
1992	1997	Civil war in Tajikistan	Tajikistan  Russia  Uzbekistan	Taliban  Afghanistan
1993	1994	Chechen Civil War	Chechen Republic of Ichkeria	Provisional Council of the Chechen Republic National Salvation Committee Supported by: Russia
1993	2005	Burundian Civil War	Government forces: Burundian government Burundian military Supported by: ONUB African Union Mission in Burundi	Hutu militias: CNDD-FDD   FNL Tutsi militias
1993	1994	Republic of the Congo Civil War (1993–1994)	Republic of the Congo government Gabon	Congolese Party of Labour
1993	Ongoing	Ethnic conflict in Nagaland	India Nagaland Burma Sagaing Region	Rebels Forces CKRF KDF KIA KIF KKK KLA KNF NSCN-K NSCN-IM RNHPF UKDA UKLF UNPC (until 2013)
1993	1993	1993 Russian constitutional crisis	President of Russia Main Administration of Protection Ministry of the Interior Ministry of Defence Kantemirovskaya Tank Division Taman Division FAPSI Alpha Group Vympel	Supreme Soviet of Russia Congress of People's Deputies of Russia Vice President of Russia Supporters of the Supreme Soviet and Alexander Rutskoy
1994	1997	Iraqi Kurdish Civil War	PUK INC PKK KCP  Iran (from 1995) SCIRI Support United States (from 1996)	KDP Iraq  Turkey PDKI  Iran (until 1995)
1994	Ongoing	Armenian-Azerbaijani border conflict Part of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict	Nagorno-Karabakh Republic  Armenia Supported by:  Russia	Azerbaijan Supported by:  Turkey
1994	Ongoing	Chiapas conflict	Mexico	Zapatista Army of National Liberation[2]
1994	1994	1994 Zapatista Uprising Part of the Chiapas conflict	Mexico	Zapatista Army of National Liberation
1994	1994	1994 Bophuthatswana crisis	BDF Mutineers SADF	Government of Bophuthatswana Afrikaner Volksfront AWB
1994	1994	Yemeni Civil War (1994)	Yemen	Democratic Republic of Yemen
1994	1996	First Chechen War	Chechen Republic of Ichkeria Foreign mujahideen Ukrainian volunteers	Russia
1994	1999	Caprivi conflict	Namibia	Caprivi Liberation Army
1995	1995	Cenepa War	Peru	Ecuador
1994	2018	Insurgency in Ogaden	Ethiopia	Ogaden National Liberation Front
1995	2018	Second Afar Insurgency	Ethiopia RSADO DMLEK EPLF ENSF DFEU	Eritrea ARDUF
1995	1995	Hanish Islands conflict	Eritrea	Yemen
1996	Ongoing	ADF insurgency	Uganda  Democratic Republic of the Congo	Allied Democratic Forces National Army for the Liberation of Uganda
1996	2006	Nepalese Civil War	Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist)	Kingdom of Nepal (Government) Supported by:  United States  India  United Kingdom  France  Portugal  European Union  China
1996	2001	Civil war in Afghanistan (1996–2001)	Islamic State of Afghanistan After September 11, 2001:  United States of America  United Kingdom  Canada  Australia Supported by:  Iran  India	Taliban Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan al-Qaeda Supported by:  Pakistan
1996	1997	First Congo War	AFDL  Uganda  Rwanda  Burundi  Angola	Zaire UNITA Army for the Liberation of Rwanda Interahamwe
1997	1997	Albanian Rebellion of 1997	Albania  Germany  Italy	Ad hoc local Albanian militias
1997	1999	Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–1999)	Republic of the Congo (Denis Sassou Nguesso government) Cobra militia Rwandan Hutu militia  Angola	Republic of the Congo (Pascal Lissouba government) Cocoye militia Ninja militia Nsiloulou militia Mamba militia
1997	1997	1997 clashes in Cambodia	Hun Sen (CPP)  Vietnam	Norodom Ranariddh (FUNCINPEC) Khmer Rouge
1998	1998	1998 Monrovia clashes	Liberian government (Taylor loyalists)	Johnson's forces (ex-ULIMO-J) Limited involvement:  Nigeria  United States
1998	1998	War in Abkhazia (1998)	Abkhazia	White Legion Mkhedrioni Forest Brotherhood
1998	1999	Kosovo War	KLA Republic of Kosova (Until 1999)  NATO  Belgium  Canada  Denmark  France  Germany  Italy  Luxembourg  Netherlands  Norway  Portugal  Spain  Turkey  United Kingdom  United States	Yugoslavia
1998	2000	Eritrean–Ethiopian War	Ethiopia CIS Mercenaries Supported by:  Ukraine Libya  Bulgaria	Eritrea CIS Mercenaries Supported by:  Russia  Belarus  United States  Israel
1998	2003	Second Congo War	Pro-government:  Democratic Republic of the Congo  Angola  Chad  Namibia  Zimbabwe Anti-Ugandan forces: LRA  Sudan (Alleged) ADF UNRF II FNI Anti-Rwandan militias: FDLR Mai-Mai Interahamwe RDR ALiR Other Hutu-aligned forces Anti-Burundi militias: CNDD-FDD FROLINA	Rwandan-aligned militias: RCD RCD-Goma Banyamulenge Ugandan-aligned militias: MLC Forces for Renewal UPC Other Tutsi-aligned forces Anti-Angolan forces: UNITA Foreign state actors: Uganda Rwanda Burundi
1998	1999	Guinea-Bissau Civil War	Military rebels MFDC[3] Supported by:  United States	Guinea-Bissau  Senegal  Guinea Supported by:  France
1998	1998	1998 Saudi-Yemeni border conflict[4][5][6]
1998	Ongoing	Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen	Republic of Yemen Yemen Army Yemeni Republican Guard Yemeni Air Force Supported by:  United States Houthis Supported by:  Iran	al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula Aden-Abyan Islamic Army Islamic Jihad of Yemen Supported by: al-Shabaab
1999	1999	Batken Conflict	Kyrgyzstan  Uzbekistan	Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan
1999	1999	Kargil War Part of the Indo-Pakistani Wars	India	Pakistan
1999	2000	1999 East Timorese crisis	East Timor Supported by:  Australia  New Zealand  United Kingdom  United States  Portugal	Pro-Indonesian militias Aitarak Besi Merah Putih Laksaur Mahidi
1999	2001	Insurgency in the Preševo Valley	FR Yugoslavia	UÇPMB
1999	2002	Maluku sectarian conflict
1999	2003	Second Liberian Civil War	Rebel groups: Anti-Taylor Armed Forces elements LURD MODEL Guinea Supported by: Sierra Leone  United Kingdom  United States	Liberian government: Loyalist Armed Forces elements ATU SOD SSS NPFL/NPP militias RUF RDFG Supported by:  Moldova
1999	2007	Ituri conflict	Hema tribe: Union of Congolese Patriots (UPC) RCD-Kisangani  Uganda  Democratic Republic of the Congo MONUC Artemis	Lendu tribe: Nationalist and Integrationist Front (FNI) Front for Patriotic Resistance in Ituri (FRPI) Popular Front for Justice in Congo (PFJC) Mai-Mai Simba
1999	1999	War of Dagestan	Russia Armed Forces Ground Forces Air Force Navy VDV MVD Internal Troops Militsiya OMON GRU Spetsnaz Dagestan Police Volunteers	Islamic Djamaat of Dagestan CPID IIPB SPIR Islamic religious police
1999	2009	Second Chechen War	Russian Federation Chechen Republic	Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (1999–2007) Caucasian Front (2005–2007) Caucasus Emirate (2007–2009) Arab Mujahideen
2000	2000	Six-Day War (2000) Part of the Second Congo War	Rwanda	Uganda
2000	2005	Second Intifada	Israel Israel Defense Forces Shin Bet Israel Police Israel Border Police Civil Guard Mishmeret Yesha	Palestinian Authority PLO Preventive Security Force Palestinian National Security Forces Fatah (al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades) PFLP DFLP Hamas Islamic Jihad Popular Resistance Committees Others Supported by: Iraq (until 2003)
2000	2006	2000–2006 Shebaa Farms conflict	Israel	Hezbollah Supported by:  Syria[7]  Iran[7]
2001	2001	2001 Bangladesh-India border clashes	Bangladesh	India
2001	2003	Kurdistan Islamist conflict	Patriotic Union of Kurdistan Kurdistan Democratic Party United States United States Army	Ansar al-Islam[8][9] Kurdistan Islamic Group[8] Kurdistan Islamic Movement[10] al-Qaeda
2001	2001	Insurgency in the Republic of Macedonia	Macedonia Arms support:  Ukraine  Bulgaria	National Liberation Army
2001	Ongoing	War on Terror	Co-Belligerent States  United States  United Kingdom  France  Russia Other  NATO members  Albania  Belgium  Bulgaria  Canada  Croatia  Czech Republic  Denmark  Estonia  Germany  Greece  Hungary  Iceland  Italy  Latvia  Lithuania  Luxembourg  Montenegro  Netherlands  North Macedonia  Norway  Poland  Portugal  Romania  Slovakia  Slovenia  Spain  Turkey Other countries:  Afghanistan  Cameroon  China[11][12]  Egypt  India  Iraq  Lebanon  Libya  Mali  Nigeria  Pakistan  Philippines  Somalia  Somaliland  Syria  Yemen  Mozambique Other participants:  Abkhazia  Algeria  Andorra[13]  Artsakh  Armenia  Australia  Austria  Azerbaijan  Bahrain  Bangladesh[14]  Belarus  Benin  Bosnia and Herzegovina  Brunei  Burkina Faso  Burundi  Cambodia  Chad  Colombia  Congo  Cuba  Cyprus[15]  Djibouti  Dominican Republic  East Timor  El Salvador  Eritrea  Ethiopia  Fiji  Finland  Georgia  Ghana  Honduras  Indonesia  Iran  Ireland  Israel[16][17][18][19]  Japan  Jordan  Kazakhstan  Kenya  North Korea  South Korea  Kosovo  Kuwait[20]  Kyrgyzstan  Laos  Liechtenstein[21]  Malaysia  Malta  Maldives  Mauritania  Mexico  Mongolia  Morocco  Moldova  Myanmar    Nepal  New Zealand  Nicaragua  Niger  Northern Cyprus  Oman  Panama[22]  Paraguay  Peru  Qatar  Rwanda  Saudi Arabia[23]  Senegal  Serbia  Seychelles  Sierra Leone  Singapore  South Africa  South Ossetia  Sri Lanka  Sudan  Sweden   Switzerland  Taiwan  Tajikistan  Thailand  Togo  Tonga  Transnistria  Tunisia  Turkmenistan  Uganda  Ukraine  United Arab Emirates  Uzbekistan  Venezuela  Vietnam Axis of Resistance and allies: Iran Syria Houthis Hamas Hezbollah PIJ IRGC-backed Iraqi factions International missions: NATO—ISAF Resolute Support Mission Operation Enduring Freedom Allies Northern Alliance Multi-National Force – Iraq Combined Joint Task Force – Horn of Africa Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve	Terrorist groups: Al-Qaeda Lashkar al-Zil AQAP Ansar al-Sharia (Yemen) AQIM AQIS al-Shabaab Tahrir al-Sham Khorasan[24] Nusrat al-Islam AQKB Abdullah Azzam Brigades Tawhid al-Jihad (Gaza Strip) Abu Hafs al-Masri Brigades Imam Shamil Battalion Islamist lone wolves ISIL Sinai Province Libya Province Jund al-Khilafah Khorasan Province Yemen Province[25] Boko Haram Caucasus Province ISS Abu Sayyaf Sheikh Omar Hadid Brigade IMU MIT Afghan Taliban Pakistani Taliban Other groups: East Turkestan Islamic Movement Osbat al-Ansar Haqqani network TNSM Bangsamoro Islamic Freedom Fighters Lashkar-e-Taiba Lashkar-e-Omar Lashkar-e-Jhangvi Hizbul Mujahideen Ansaru Mullah Dadullah Front Fidai Mahaz Shura Council of Benghazi Revolutionaries Ansar al-Sharia (Tunisia) Islamic Jihad Union Masked Brigade Jaish-e-Mohammed Ahrar ash-Sham Fatah al-Islam Jamaah Ansharut Tauhid Jaish al-Islam Indian Mujahideen Harkat-ul-Mujahideen Great Eastern Islamic Raiders' Front Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group Soldiers of Egypt Harkat-ul-Jihad al-Islami Rajah Sulaiman movement Salafia Jihadia Ansar al-Sharia (Mali) Ansar al-Sharia (Mauritania) Ansar al-Sharia (Morocco) Ansar al-Sharia (Egypt) Ansar al-Sharia (Yarmouk Area) Turaifie group Abu Sayyaf[26] Jemaah Islamiyah[27] Al-Qaeda in the Malay Archipelago Al-Qaeda in Bosnia and Herzegovina Al-Qaeda in Sinai Peninsula Ansar al-Sunna (Mozambique) Former groups: JTJ (until 2004) Free Aceh Movement (until 2005) al-Qaeda in Iraq (until 2006) Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (until 2007) Tunisian Combatant Group (until 2011) Islamic State of Iraq (until 2013) MOJWA (until 2013) Ansar al-Islam (until 2014) Jundallah[28] Tehreek-e-Khilafat[29] (until November 2014) Hizbul Islam (until 2014) Jamaat-ul-Ahrar (until March 2015)[30] Islamic Courts Union (dis) Jamaat-ul-Ahrar (until 2015) Ansar al-Sharia (Syria) (until 2016) Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin (until 2016) Caucasus Emirate (until 2016) Al-Nusra Front (until 2017) Harakat Sham al-Islam (until 2017) Jund al-Aqsa (until 2017) Ansar Dine (until March 2017)[31] Al-Mourabitoun (until March 2017)[31] Ansar al-Sharia (Libya) (until May 2017)[32][33][34] Maute Group (until 2017) Islamic Emirate of Waziristan (until 2017/2018) Ansar al-Sharia (Derna, Libya) (until 2018) Rajah Sulaiman Movement (until ?) Islamic Jihad of Yemen (until ?) Black Banner Organization (until ?) Iraqi Baath Party loyalists
2002	2002	Perejil Island crisis	Spain	Morocco
2002	2003	2002–2003 conflict in the Pool Department	Republic of the Congo	Ninja militia
2002	2015	Operation Enduring Freedom – Philippines	Republic of the Philippines Armed Forces of the Philippines  United States of America (advisors) United States Armed Forces	Jihadist groups: Abu Sayyaf BIFF Maute Group Jemaah Islamiyah
2002	Ongoing	Operation Enduring Freedom – Horn of Africa	NATO (2001–14)  Belgium  Canada  Denmark  France  Germany  Greece  Italy  Netherlands  Portugal  Spain  Turkey  United Kingdom  United States CJTF-HOA allies:  Djibouti  Somalia  Ethiopia  Sudan  Seychelles  Kenya Non-NATO allies:  Australia  Azerbaijan  China  European Union  India  Indonesia  Japan  Kazakhstan  Kyrgyzstan  Malaysia  New Zealand  Pakistan  Russia  Singapore  South Korea  Tajikistan  Thailand  Turkmenistan  Uganda  Ukraine  Uzbekistan Dai Hong Dan incident:  North Korea	Insurgents: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (from 2015) al-Qaeda (from 2002) Harakat al-Shabaab Mujahedeen (from 2006) al-Itihaad al-Islamiya (2002–06) Islamic Courts Union (until 27 December 2006) Hizbul Islam (2009–14) Alliance for the Re-liberation of Somalia (2007–09) Ras Kamboni Brigades (2007–10) Jabhatul Islamiya (2007–09) Mu'askar Anole (2007–09) Pirates: Somali Marines National Volunteer Coast Guard (NVCG) Marka group Puntland Group Yemeni Pirates
2002	2007	First Ivorian Civil War	Ivory Coast COJEP Supported by:  Belarus  Russia  Bulgaria  France UNOIC	FNCI  Liberia Supported by:  Burkina Faso
2002	Ongoing	Taliban insurgency Part of the War in Afghanistan (2001–present), War in Afghanistan (1978-present) and War on Terrorism	Afghanistan Afghan National Security Forces RS (2015–present)  Australia  Croatia  Czech Republic  Georgia (IPAP)  Germany  Italy  Romania  Spain  Turkey  United Kingdom  United States Allied militias: Jamiat-e Islami Junbish-i-Milli Hezbe Wahdat Support:  India Formerly: ISAF (2001–14)  Albania  Armenia (IPAP)  Australia (GP)  Austria (PfP)  Azerbaijan (PfP)  Bahrain (ICI)  Belgium  Bosnia and Herzegovina (IPAP)  Bulgaria[fn 1]  Canada  Croatia  Czech Republic  Denmark  El Salvador  Estonia  Finland (PfP)  France  Georgia[fn 1] (IPAP)  Germany[fn 1]  Greece  Hungary  Iceland  Ireland (PfP)  Italy[fn 1]  Jordan[fn 1] (MD)  Latvia  Lithuania  Luxembourg  Malaysia  Mongolia (GP)  Montenegro (PfP)  Netherlands  New Zealand (GP)  Norway  Poland[fn 1]  Portugal  Republic of Macedonia (MAP)  Romania[fn 1]  Singapore (2008–13)  Slovakia  Slovenia  South Korea (GP)  Spain  Sweden (PfP)   Switzerland (2004–08) (PfP)  Tonga  Turkey[fn 1]  Ukraine (PfP)  United Arab Emirates (ICI)  United Kingdom[fn 1]  United States[fn 1]	Taliban Haqqani network Alleged support:  Pakistan  Russia  China  Qatar  Iran  Saudi Arabia (until 2013) Allied groups: Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin (until 2016) al-Qaeda Islamic Jihad Union Turkistan Islamic Party Taliban splinter groups: (from 2015) Dadullah Front Fidai Mahaz High Council of Afghanistan Islamic Emirate

Notes

1. Major contributing nations with more than 200 troops as of May 2015

References

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3. Minahan (2002), p. 400. sfnp error: no target: CITEREFMinahan2002 (help)
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