List of state leaders in 2005

This is a list of heads of state, heads of governments, and other rulers in the year 2005.

Africa

•  Algeria
  • President – Abdelaziz Bouteflika, President of Algeria (1999–2019)
  • Prime Minister – Ahmed Ouyahia, Prime Minister of Algeria (2003–2006)
•  Angola
  • President – José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979–2017)
  • Prime Minister – Fernando da Piedade Dias dos Santos, Prime Minister of Angola (2002–2008)
•  Benin
  • President – Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin (1996–2006)
•  Botswana
  • President – Festus Mogae, President of Botswana (1998–2008)
•  Burkina Faso
  • President – Blaise Compaoré, President of Burkina Faso (1987–2014)
  • Prime Minister – Paramanga Ernest Yonli, Prime Minister of Burkina Faso (2000–2007)
•  Burundi
  • President –
    1. Domitien Ndayizeye, President of Burundi (2003–2005)
    2. Pierre Nkurunziza, President of Burundi (2005–2020)
•  Cameroon
  • President – Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982–present)
  • Prime Minister – Ephraïm Inoni, Prime Minister of Cameroon (2004–2009)
•  Cape Verde
  • President – Pedro Pires, President of Cape Verde (2001–2011)
  • Prime Minister – José Maria Neves, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (2001–2016)
•  Central African Republic
  • President – François Bozizé, President of the Central African Republic (2003–2013)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Célestin Gaombalet, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (2003–2005)
    2. Élie Doté, Prime Minister of the Central African Republic (2005–2008)
•  Chad
  • President – Idriss Déby, President of Chad (1990–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Moussa Faki, Prime Minister of Chad (2003–2005)
    2. Pascal Yoadimnadji, Prime Minister of Chad (2005–2007)
•  Comoros
  • President – Azali Assoumani, President of the Comoros (2002–2006)
•  Congo–Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo)
  • President – Denis Sassou Nguesso, President of the Republic of the Congo (1997–present)
  • Prime Minister – Isidore Mvouba, Prime Minister of the Republic of the Congo (2005–2009)
•  Congo–Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of the Congo)
  • President – Joseph Kabila, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (2001–2019)
•  Djibouti
  • President – Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, President of Djibouti (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister – Dileita Mohamed Dileita, Prime Minister of Djibouti (2001–2013)
•  Egypt
  • President – Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981–2011)
  • Prime Minister – Ahmed Nazif, Prime Minister of Egypt (2004–2011)
•  Equatorial Guinea
  • President – Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979–present)
  • Prime Minister – Miguel Abia Biteo Boricó, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (2004–2006)
•  Eritrea
  • President – Isaias Afwerki, President of Eritrea (1991–present) [lower-alpha 1]
•  Ethiopia
  • President – Girma Wolde-Giorgis, President of Ethiopia (2001–2013)
  • Prime Minister – Meles Zenawi, Prime Minister of Ethiopia (1995–2012)
•  Gabon
  • President – Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967–2009)
  • Prime Minister – Jean-François Ntoutoume Emane, Prime Minister of Gabon (1999–2006)
•  The Gambia
  • President – Yahya Jammeh, President of the Gambia (1994–2017)
•  Ghana
  • President – John Kufuor, President of Ghana (2001–2009)
•  Guinea
  • President – Lansana Conté, President of Guinea (1984–2008)
  • Prime Minister – Cellou Dalein Diallo, Prime Minister of Guinea (2004–2006)
•  Guinea-Bissau
  • President –
    1. Henrique Rosa, Acting President of Guinea-Bissau (2003–2005)
    2. João Bernardo Vieira, President of Guinea-Bissau (2005–2009)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Carlos Gomes Júnior, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2004–2005)
    2. Aristides Gomes, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (2005–2007)
•  Ivory Coast
  • President – Laurent Gbagbo, President of the Ivory Coast (2000–2011)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Seydou Diarra, Prime Minister of the Ivory Coast (2003–2005)
    2. Charles Konan Banny, Prime Minister of the Ivory Coast (2005–2007)
•  Kenya
  • President – Mwai Kibaki, President of Kenya (2002–2013)
•  Lesotho
  • Monarch – Letsie III, King of Lesotho (1996–present)
  • Prime Minister – Pakalitha Mosisili, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1998–2012)
•  Liberia
  • Head of State – Gyude Bryant, Chairman of the Transitional Government of Liberia (2003–2006)
•  Libya
  • De facto Head of State – Muammar Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969–2011)
  • De jure Head of State – Muhammad az-Zanati, General Secretary of the General People's Congress of Libya (1992–2008)
  • Prime Minister – Shukri Ghanem, General Secretary of the General People's Committee of Libya (2003–2006)
•  Madagascar
  • President – Marc Ravalomanana, President of Madagascar (2002–2009)
  • Prime Minister – Jacques Sylla, Prime Minister of Madagascar (2002–2007)
•  Malawi
  • President – Bingu wa Mutharika, President of Malawi (2004–2012)
•  Mali
  • President – Amadou Toumani Touré, President of Mali (2002–2012)
  • Prime Minister – Ousmane Issoufi Maïga, Prime Minister of Mali (2004–2007)
•  Mauritania
  • Head of State –
    1. Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, President of Mauritania (1984–2005)
    2. Ely Ould Mohamed Vall, Chairman of the Military Council for Justice and Democracy of Mauritania (2005–2007)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Sghair Ould M'Bareck, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2003–2005)
    2. Sidi Mohamed Ould Boubacar, Prime Minister of Mauritania (2005–2007)
•  Mauritius
  • President – Sir Anerood Jugnauth, President of Mauritius (2003–2012)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Paul Bérenger, Prime Minister of Mauritius (2003–2005)
    2. Navin Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius (2005–2014)
•   Mayotte (overseas collectivity of France)
  • Prefect –
    1. Jean-Jacques Brot, Prefect of Mayotte (2002–2005)
    2. Jean-Paul Kihl, Prefect of Mayotte (2005–2007)
  • Head of Government – Saïd Omar Oili, President of the General Council of Mayotte (2004–2008)
•  Morocco
  • Monarch – Mohammed VI, King of Morocco (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister – Driss Jettou, Prime Minister of Morocco (2002–2007)
  •  Western Sahara (self-declared, partially recognised state)
    • President – Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of Western Sahara (1976–2016)
    • Prime Minister – Abdelkader Taleb Omar, Prime Minister of Western Sahara (2003–2018)
•  Mozambique
  • President –
    1. Joaquim Chissano, President of Mozambique (1986–2005)
    2. Armando Guebuza, President of Mozambique (2005–2015)
  • Prime Minister – Luísa Diogo, Prime Minister of Mozambique (2004–2010)
•  Namibia
  • President –
    1. Sam Nujoma, President of Namibia (1990–2005)
    2. Hifikepunye Pohamba, President of Namibia (2005–2015)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Theo-Ben Gurirab, Prime Minister of Namibia (2002–2005)
    2. Nahas Angula, Prime Minister of Namibia (2005–2012)
•  Niger
  • President – Mamadou Tandja, President of Niger (1999–2010)
  • Prime Minister – Hama Amadou, Prime Minister of Niger (2000–2007)
•  Nigeria
  • President – Olusegun Obasanjo, President of Nigeria (1999–2007)
•  Rwanda
  • President – Paul Kagame, President of Rwanda (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister – Bernard Makuza, Prime Minister of Rwanda (2000–2011)
•  Saint Helena and Dependencies (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
  • Governor – Michael Clancy, Governor of Saint Helena (2004–2007)
•  São Tomé and Príncipe
  • President – Fradique de Menezes, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (2003–2011)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Damião Vaz d'Almeida, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Principe (2004–2005)
    2. Maria do Carmo Silveira, Prime Minister of São Tomé and Principe (2005–2006)
•  Senegal
  • President – Abdoulaye Wade, President of Senegal (2000–2012)
  • Prime Minister – Macky Sall, Prime Minister of Senegal (2004–2007)
•  Seychelles
  • President – James Michel, President of Seychelles (2004–2016)
•  Sierra Leone
  • President – Ahmad Tejan Kabbah, President of Sierra Leone (1998–2007)
•  Somalia
  • President – Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, President of Somalia (2004–2008)
  • Prime Minister – Ali Mohammed Ghedi, Prime Minister of Somalia (2004–2007)
  •  Somaliland (unrecognised, secessionist state)
    • President – Dahir Riyale Kahin, President of Somaliland (2002–2010)
  •  Puntland (self-declared autonomous state)
    • President –
      1. Mohamed Hashi, President of Puntland (2004–2005)
      2. Mohamud Muse Hersi, President of Puntland (2005–2009)
•  South Africa
  • President – Thabo Mbeki, President of South Africa (1999–2008)
•  Sudan
  • President – Omar al-Bashir, President of Sudan (1989–2019)
•  Swaziland
  • Monarch – Mswati III, King of Swaziland (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister – Themba Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (2003–2008)
•  Tanzania
  • President –
    1. Benjamin Mkapa, President of Tanzania (1995–2005)
    2. Jakaya Kikwete, President of Tanzania (2005–2015)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Frederick Sumaye, Prime Minister of Tanzania (1995–2005)
    2. Edward Lowassa, Prime Minister of Tanzania (2005–2008)
•  Togo
  • President –
    1. Gnassingbé Eyadéma, President of Togo (1967–2005)
    2. Faure Gnassingbé, President of Togo (2005)
    3. Bonfoh Abass, Acting President of Togo (2005)
    4. Faure Gnassingbé, President of Togo (2005–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Koffi Sama, Prime Minister of Togo (2002–2005)
    2. Edem Kodjo, Prime Minister of Togo (2005–2006)
•  Tunisia
  • President – Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, President of Tunisia (1987–2011)
  • Prime Minister – Mohamed Ghannouchi, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1999–2011)
•  Uganda
  • President – Yoweri Museveni, President of Uganda (1986–present)
  • Prime Minister – Apolo Nsibambi, Prime Minister of Uganda (1999–2011)
•  Zambia
  • President – Levy Mwanawasa, President of Zambia (2002–2008)
•  Zimbabwe
  • President – Robert Mugabe, President of Zimbabwe (1987–2017)

Asia

•  Afghanistan
  • President – Hamid Karzai, President of Afghanistan (2001–2014)
•  Bahrain
  • Monarch – Sheikh Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, King of Bahrain (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sheikh Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1970–2020) [lower-alpha 2]
•  Bangladesh
  • President – Iajuddin Ahmed, President of Bangladesh (2002–2009)
  • Prime Minister – Khaleda Zia, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (2001–2006)
•  Bhutan
  • Monarch – Jigme Singye Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1972–2006)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Yeshey Zimba, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2004–2005)
    2. Sangay Ngedup, Prime Minister of Bhutan (2005–2006)
•  Brunei
  • Monarch – Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present) [lower-alpha 3]
  • Prime Minister – Hassanal Bolkiah, Prime Minister of Brunei (1984–present)
•  Cambodia
  • Monarch – Norodom Sihamoni, King of Cambodia (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister – Hun Sen, Prime Minister of Cambodia (1985–present) [lower-alpha 4]
•  China (People's Republic of China)
  • Communist Party Leader – Hu Jintao, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (2002–2012)
  • President – Hu Jintao, President of China (2003–2013)
  • Premier – Wen Jiabao, Premier of the State Council of China (2003–2013)
•  East Timor
  • President – Xanana Gusmão, President of East Timor (2002–2007)
  • Prime Minister – Mari Alkatiri, Prime Minister of East Timor (2001–2006)
•  India
  • President – A. P. J. Abdul Kalam, President of India (2002–2007)
  • Prime Minister – Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India (2004–2014)
•  Indonesia
  • President – Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, President of Indonesia (2004–2014)
•  Iran
  • Supreme Leader – Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Supreme Leader of Iran (1989–present)
  • President –
    1. Mohammad Khatami, President of Iran (1997–2005)
    2. Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, President of Iran (2005–2013)
•  Iraq
  • Head of State –
    1. Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer, President of Iraq (2004–2005)
    2. Jalal Talabani (2005–2006; President of Iraq, 2005–2006), and Adil Abdul-Mahdi and Ghazi Mashal Ajil al-Yawer (2005–2006)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Ayad Allawi, Prime Minister of Iraq (2004–2005)
    2. Ibrahim al-Jaafari, Prime Minister of Iraq (2005–2006)
•  Israel
  • President – Moshe Katsav, President of Israel (2000–2007)
  • Prime Minister – Ariel Sharon, Prime Minister of Israel (2001–2006)
  •  Palestinian National Authority (non-state administrative authority)
    • President –
      1. Rawhi Fattouh, Acting President of the Palestinian National Authority (2004–2005)
      2. Mahmoud Abbas, President of the Palestinian National Authority (2005–present)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Ahmed Qurei, Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (2003–2005)
      2. Nabil Shaath, Acting Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (2005)
      3. Ahmed Qurei, Prime Minister of the Palestinian National Authority (2005–2006)
•  Japan
  • Monarch – Akihito, Emperor of Japan (1989–2019)
  • Prime Minister – Junichirō Koizumi, Prime Minister of Japan (2001–2006)
•  Jordan
  • Monarch – Abdullah II, King of Jordan (1999–present)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Faisal al-Fayez, Prime Minister of Jordan (2003–2005)
    2. Adnan Badran, Prime Minister of Jordan (2005)
    3. Marouf al-Bakhit, Prime Minister of Jordan (2005–2007)
•  Kazakhstan
  • President – Nursultan Nazarbayev, President of Kazakhstan (1990–2019) [lower-alpha 5]
  • Prime Minister – Daniyal Akhmetov, Prime Minister of Kazakhstan (2003–2007)
•  North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea)
  • Communist Party Leader – Kim Jong-il, General Secretary of the Workers' Party of Korea (1997–2011)
  • De facto Head of State – Kim Jong-il, Chairman of the National Defence Commission of North Korea [lower-alpha 6] (1993–2011)
  • De jure Head of State – Kim Yong-nam, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of North Korea (1998–2019)
  • Premier – Pak Pong-ju, Premier of the Cabinet of North Korea (2003–2007)
•  South Korea (Republic of Korea)
  • President – Roh Moo-hyun, President of South Korea (2003–2008)
  • Prime Minister – Lee Hae-chan, Prime Minister of South Korea (2004–2006)
•  Kuwait
  • Monarch – Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (1977–2006)
  • Prime Minister – Sheikh Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (2003–2006)
•  Kyrgyzstan
  • President –
    1. Askar Akayev, President of Kyrgyzstan (1990–2005) [lower-alpha 7]
    2. Ishenbai Kadyrbekov, Acting President of Kyrgyzstan (2005)
    3. Kurmanbek Bakiyev, President of Kyrgyzstan (2005–2010)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Nikolai Tanayev, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2002–2005)
    2. Kurmanbek Bakiyev, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2005)
    3. Medetbek Kerimkulov, Acting Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2005)
    4. Felix Kulov, Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan (2005–2007)
•  Laos
  • Communist Party Leader – Khamtai Siphandon, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (1992–2006)
  • President – Khamtai Siphandon, President of Laos (1998–2006)
  • Premier – Bounnhang Vorachith, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Laos (2001–2006)
•  Lebanon
  • President – Émile Lahoud, President of Lebanon (1998–2007)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Omar Karami, President of the Council of Ministers of Lebanon (2004–2005)
    2. Najib Mikati, President of the Council of Ministers of Lebanon (2005)
    3. Fouad Siniora, President of the Council of Ministers of Lebanon (2005–2009)
•  Malaysia
  • Monarch – Tuanku Syed Sirajuddin, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (2001–2006)
  • Prime Minister – Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, Prime Minister of Malaysia (2003–2009)
•  Maldives
  • President – Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, President of the Maldives (1978–2008)
•  Mongolia
  • President –
    1. Natsagiin Bagabandi, President of Mongolia (1997–2005)
    2. Nambaryn Enkhbayar, President of Mongolia (2005–2009)
  • Prime Minister – Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj, Prime Minister of Mongolia (2004–2006)
•  Myanmar
  • Head of State – Than Shwe, Chairman of the State Peace and Development Council of Myanmar (1992–2011)
  • Prime Minister – Soe Win, Prime Minister of Myanmar (2004–2007)
•  Nepal
  • Monarch – Gyanendra, King of Nepal (2001–2008)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Sher Bahadur Deuba, Prime Minister of Nepal (2004–2005)
    2. Gyanendra, Prime Minister of Nepal (2005–2006)
•  Oman
  • Monarch – Qaboos bin Said al Said, Sultan of Oman (1970–present)
  • Prime Minister – Qaboos bin Said al Said, Prime Minister of Oman (1972–present)
•  Pakistan
  • President – Pervez Musharraf, President of Pakistan (2001–2008)
  • Prime Minister – Shaukat Aziz, Prime Minister of Pakistan (2004–2007)
•  Philippines
  • President – Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, President of the Philippines (2001–2010)
•  Qatar
  • Monarch – Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1995–2013)
  • Prime Minister – Sheikh Abdullah bin Khalifa Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (1996–2007)
•  Saudi Arabia
  • Monarch –
    1. Fahd, King of Saudi Arabia (1982–2005)
    2. Abdullah, King of Saudi Arabia (2005–2015)
  • Regent – Crown Prince Abdullah, Regent of Saudi Arabia (1996–2005)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Fahd, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (1982–2005)
    2. Abdullah, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (2005–2015)
•  Singapore
  • President – S. R. Nathan, President of Singapore (1999–2011)
  • Prime Minister – Lee Hsien Loong, Prime Minister of Singapore (2004–present)
•  Sri Lanka
  • President –
    1. Chandrika Kumaratunga, President of Sri Lanka (1994–2005)
    2. Mahinda Rajapaksa, President of Sri Lanka (2005–2015)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Mahinda Rajapaksa, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2004–2005)
    2. Ratnasiri Wickremanayake, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (2005–2010)
•  Syria
  • President – Bashar al-Assad, President of Syria (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister – Muhammad Naji al-Otari, Prime Minister of Syria (2003–2011)
•  Taiwan (Republic of China)
  • President – Chen Shui-bian, President of Taiwan (2000–2008)
  • Premier –
    1. Yu Shyi-kun, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (2002–2005)
    2. Frank Hsieh, President of the Executive Yuan of Taiwan (2005–2006)
•  Tajikistan
  • President – Emomali Rahmonov, President of Tajikistan (1992–present)
  • Prime Minister – Oqil Oqilov, Prime Minister of Tajikistan (1999–2013)
•  Thailand
  • Monarch – Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946–2016)
  • Prime Minister – Thaksin Shinawatra, Prime Minister of Thailand (2001–2006)
•  Turkey
  • President – Ahmet Necdet Sezer, President of Turkey (2000–2007)
  • Prime Minister – Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Prime Minister of Turkey (2003–2014)
•  Turkmenistan
  • President – Saparmurat Niyazov, President of Turkmenistan (1990–2006) [lower-alpha 8]
•  United Arab Emirates
  • President – Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sheikh Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (1990–2006)
•  Uzbekistan
  • President – Islam Karimov, President of Uzbekistan (1990–2016) [lower-alpha 9]
  • Prime Minister – Shavkat Mirziyoyev, Prime Minister of Uzbekistan (2003–2016)
•  Vietnam
  • Communist Party Leader – Nông Đức Mạnh, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (2001–2011)
  • President – Trần Đức Lương, President of Vietnam (1997–2006)
  • Prime Minister – Phan Văn Khải, Prime Minister of Vietnam (1997–2006)
•  Yemen
  • President – Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of Yemen (1978–2012) [lower-alpha 10]
  • Prime Minister – Abdul Qadir Bajamal, Prime Minister of Yemen (2001–2007)

Europe

•  Albania
  • President – Alfred Moisiu, President of Albania (2002–2007)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Fatos Nano, Prime Minister of Albania (2002–2005)
    2. Sali Berisha, Prime Minister of Albania (2005–2013)
•  Andorra
  • Monarchs –
    • French Co-Prince – Jacques Chirac, French Co-prince of Andorra (1995–2007)
      • Co-Prince's Representative – Philippe Massoni (2002–2007)
    • Episcopal Co-Prince – Joan Enric Vives Sicília, Episcopal Co-prince of Andorra (2003–present)
      • Co-Prince's Representative – Nemesi Marqués Oste (1993–2012)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Marc Forné Molné, Head of Government of Andorra (1994–2005)
    2. Albert Pintat, Head of Government of Andorra (2005–2009)
•  Armenia
  • President – Robert Kocharyan, President of Armenia (1998–2008)
  • Prime Minister – Andranik Margaryan, Prime Minister of Armenia (2000–2007)
•  Austria
  • President – Heinz Fischer, Federal President of Austria (2004–2016)
  • Chancellor – Wolfgang Schüssel, Federal Chancellor of Austria (2000–2007)
•  Azerbaijan
  • President – Ilham Aliyev, President of Azerbaijan (2003–present)
  • Prime Minister – Artur Rasizade, Prime Minister of Azerbaijan (2003–2018)
  •  Nagorno-Karabakh (unrecognised, secessionist state)
    • President – Arkadi Ghukasyan, President of Nagorno-Karabakh (1997–2007)
    • Prime Minister – Anushavan Danielyan, Prime Minister of Nagorno-Karabakh (1999–2007)
•  Belarus
  • President – Alexander Lukashenko, President of Belarus (1994–present)
  • Prime Minister – Sergei Sidorsky, Prime Minister of Belarus (2003–2010)
•  Belgium
  • Monarch – Albert II, King of the Belgians (1993–2013)
  • Prime Minister – Guy Verhofstadt, Prime Minister of Belgium (1999–2008)
•  Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Head of State – Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • Serb Member – Borislav Paravac (2003–2006; Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2004–2005)
    • Bosniak Member – Sulejman Tihić (2002–2006)
    • Croat Member –
      1. Dragan Čović (2002–2005)
      2. Ivo Miro Jović (2005–2006; Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2005–2006)
  • Prime Minister – Adnan Terzić, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina (2002–2007)
  • High Representative – Lord (Paddy) Ashdown, High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina (2002–2006)
•  Bulgaria
  • President – Georgi Parvanov, President of Bulgaria (2002–2012)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2001–2005)
    2. Sergei Stanishev, Prime Minister of Bulgaria (2005–2009)
•  Croatia
  • President – Stjepan Mesić, President of Croatia (2000–2010)
  • Prime Minister – Ivo Sanader, Prime Minister of Croatia (2003–2009)
•  Cyprus
  • President – Tassos Papadopoulos, President of Cyprus (2003–2008)
  •  Northern Cyprus (unrecognised, secessionist state)
    • President –
      1. Rauf Denktaş, President of Northern Cyprus (1976–2005)
      2. Mehmet Ali Talat, President of Northern Cyprus (2005–2010)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Mehmet Ali Talat, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (2004–2005)
      2. Ferdi Sabit Soyer, Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus (2005–2009)
•  Czech Republic
  • President – Václav Klaus, President of the Czech Republic (2003–2013)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Stanislav Gross, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2004–2005)
    2. Jiří Paroubek, Prime Minister of the Czech Republic (2005–2006)
•  Denmark
  • Monarch – Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972–present)
  • Prime Minister – Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Prime Minister of Denmark (2001–2009)
•  Estonia
  • President – Arnold Rüütel, President of Estonia (2001–2006)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Juhan Parts, Prime Minister of Estonia (2003–2005)
    2. Andrus Ansip, Prime Minister of Estonia (2005–2014)
•  Finland
  • President – Tarja Halonen, President of Finland (2000–2012)
  • Prime Minister – Matti Vanhanen, Prime Minister of Finland (2003–2010)
•  France
  • President – Jacques Chirac, President of France (1995–2007)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Jean-Pierre Raffarin, Prime Minister of France (2002–2005)
    2. Dominique de Villepin, Prime Minister of France (2005–2007)
•  Georgia
  • President – Mikheil Saakashvili, President of Georgia (2004–2007)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Zurab Zhvania, Prime Minister of Georgia (2004–2005)
    2. Zurab Noghaideli, Prime Minister of Georgia (2005–2007)
  •  Abkhazia (unrecognised, secessionist state)
    • President –
      1. Vladislav Ardzinba, President of Abkhazia (1990–2005) [lower-alpha 11]
      2. Sergei Bagapsh, President of Abkhazia (2005–2011)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Nodar Khashba, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2004–2005)
      2. Alexander Ankvab, Prime Minister of Abkhazia (2005–2010)
  •  South Ossetia (unrecognised, secessionist state)
    • President – Eduard Kokoity, President of South Ossetia (2001–2011)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Igor Sanakoyev, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2003–2005)
      2. Zurab Kokoyev, Acting Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2005)
      3. Yury Morozov, Prime Minister of South Ossetia (2005–2008)
•  Germany
  • President – Horst Köhler, Federal President of Germany (2004–2010)
  • Chancellor –
    1. Gerhard Schröder, Federal Chancellor of Germany (1998–2005)
    2. Angela Merkel, Federal Chancellor of Germany (2005–present)
•  Greece
  • President –
    1. Konstantinos Stephanopoulos, President of Greece (1995–2005)
    2. Karolos Papoulias, President of Greece (2005–2015)
  • Prime Minister – Kostas Karamanlis, Prime Minister of Greece (2004–2009)
•  Hungary
  • President –
    1. Ferenc Mádl, President of Hungary (2000–2005)
    2. László Sólyom, President of Hungary (2005–2010)
  • Prime Minister – Ferenc Gyurcsány, Prime Minister of Hungary (2004–2009)
•  Iceland
  • President – Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, President of Iceland (1996–2016)
  • Prime Minister – Halldór Ásgrímsson, Prime Minister of Iceland (2004–2006)
•  Ireland
  • President – Mary McAleese, President of Ireland (1997–2011)
  • Prime Minister – Bertie Ahern, Taoiseach of Ireland (1997–2008)
•  Italy
  • President – Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, President of Italy (1999–2006)
  • Prime Minister – Silvio Berlusconi, President of the Council of Ministers of Italy (2001–2006)
•  Latvia
  • President – Vaira Vīķe-Freiberga, President of Latvia (1999–2007)
  • Prime Minister – Aigars Kalvītis, Prime Minister of Latvia (2004–2007)
•  Liechtenstein
  • Monarch – Hans-Adam II, Prince Regnant of Liechtenstein (1989–present)
  • Regent – Hereditary Prince Alois, Regent of Liechtenstein (2004–present)
  • Prime Minister – Otmar Hasler, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (2001–2009)
•  Lithuania
  • President – Valdas Adamkus, President of Lithuania (2004–2009)
  • Prime Minister – Algirdas Brazauskas, Prime Minister of Lithuania (2001–2006)
•  Luxembourg
  • Monarch – Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (2000–present)
  • Prime Minister – Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister of Luxembourg (1995–2013)
•  Macedonia
  • President – Branko Crvenkovski, President of Macedonia (2004–2009)
  • Prime Minister – Vlado Bučkovski, President of the Government of Macedonia (2004–2006)
•  Malta
  • President – Eddie Fenech Adami, President of Malta (2004–2009)
  • Prime Minister – Lawrence Gonzi, Prime Minister of Malta (2004–2013)
•  Moldova
  • President – Vladimir Voronin, President of Moldova (2001–2009)
  • Prime Minister – Vasile Tarlev, Prime Minister of Moldova (2001–2008)
  •  Transnistria (unrecognised, secessionist state)
    • President – Igor Smirnov, President of Transnistria (1990–2011) [lower-alpha 12]
•  Monaco
  • Monarch –
    1. Rainier III, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (1949–2005)
    2. Albert II, Sovereign Prince of Monaco (2005–present)
  • Regent – Hereditary Prince Albert, Regent of Monaco (2005)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Patrick Leclercq, Minister of State of Monaco (2000–2005)
    2. Jean-Paul Proust, Minister of State of Monaco (2005–2010)
•  Kingdom of the Netherlands
  • Monarch – Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980–2013)
  •  Netherlands (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
    • Prime Minister – Jan Peter Balkenende, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (2002–2010)
  •  Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
    • see § North America
  •  Aruba (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
    • see § North America
•  Norway
  • Monarch – Harald V, King of Norway (1991–present)
  • Regent – Crown Prince Haakon, Regent of Norway (2005)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Kjell Magne Bondevik, Prime Minister of Norway (2001–2005)
    2. Jens Stoltenberg, Prime Minister of Norway (2005–2013)
•  Poland
  • President –
    1. Aleksander Kwaśniewski, President of Poland (1995–2005)
    2. Lech Kaczyński, President of Poland (2005–2010)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Marek Belka, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (2004–2005)
    2. Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Poland (2005–2006)
•  Portugal
  • President – Jorge Sampaio, President of Portugal (1996–2006)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Pedro Santana Lopes, Prime Minister of Portugal (2004–2005)
    2. José Sócrates, Prime Minister of Portugal (2005–2011)
•  Romania
  • President – Traian Băsescu, President of Romania (2004–2014)
  • Prime Minister – Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu, Prime Minister of Romania (2004–2008)
•  Russia
  • President – Vladimir Putin, President of Russia (1999–2008)
  • Prime Minister – Mikhail Fradkov, Chairman of the Government of Russia (2004–2007)
•  San Marino
  • Captains-Regent –
    1. Giuseppe Arzilli and Roberto Raschi, Captains Regent of San Marino (2004–2005)
    2. Fausta Morganti and Cesare Gasperoni, Captains Regent of San Marino (2005)
    3. Claudio Muccioli and Antonello Bacciocchi, Captains Regent of San Marino (2005–2006)
•  Serbia and Montenegro
  • President – Svetozar Marović, President of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
  • Prime Minister – Svetozar Marović, Prime Minister of Serbia and Montenegro (2003–2006)
  • Kosovo (Self-Governing Entity under UN administration)
    • President – Ibrahim Rugova, President of Kosovo (2002–2006)
    • Prime Minister –
      1. Ramush Haradinaj, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2004–2005)
      2. Adem Salihaj, Acting Prime Minister of Kosovo (2005–2005)
      3. Bajram Kosumi, Prime Minister of Kosovo (2005–2006)
    • UN Special Representative – Søren Jessen-Petersen, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General for Kosovo (2004–2006)
•  Slovakia
  • President – Ivan Gašparovič, President of Slovakia (2004–2014)
  • Prime Minister – Mikuláš Dzurinda, Prime Minister of Slovakia (1998–2006)
•  Slovenia
  • President – Janez Drnovšek, President of Slovenia (2002–2007)
  • Prime Minister – Janez Janša, Prime Minister of Slovenia (2004–2008)
•  Spain
  • Monarch – Juan Carlos I, King of Spain (1975–2014)
  • Prime Minister – José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, President of the Government of Spain (2004–2011)
•  Sweden
  • Monarch – Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973–present)
  • Prime Minister – Göran Persson, Prime Minister of Sweden (1996–2006)
•   Switzerland
  • Council – Federal Council of Switzerland [lower-alpha 13]
    • Members – Moritz Leuenberger (1995–2010), Pascal Couchepin (1998–2009), Joseph Deiss (1999–2006), Samuel Schmid (2000–2008; President of Switzerland, 2005), Micheline Calmy-Rey (2002–2011), Christoph Blocher (2003–2007), and Hans-Rudolf Merz (2003–2010)
•  Ukraine
  • President –
    1. Leonid Kuchma, President of Ukraine (1994–2005)
    2. Viktor Yushchenko, President of Ukraine (2005–2010)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Viktor Yanukovych, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2002–2005)
    2. Mykola Azarov, Acting Prime Minister of Ukraine (2005)
    3. Yulia Tymoshenko, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2005)
    4. Yuriy Yekhanurov, Prime Minister of Ukraine (2005–2006)
•  United Kingdom
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952–present)
  • Prime Minister – Tony Blair, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1997–2007)
  •  Isle of Man (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
    • Lieutenant-Governor –
      1. Ian Macfadyen, Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man (2000–2005)
      2. Mike Kerruish, Acting Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man (2005)
      3. Sir Paul Haddacks, Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man (2005–2011)
    • Chief Minister – Donald Gelling, Chief Minister of the Isle of Man (2004–2006)
  •  Guernsey (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
    • Lieutenant-Governor –
      1. Sir John Foley, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (2000–2005)
      2. Sir Geoffrey Rowland, Acting Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (2005)
      3. Sir Fabian Malbon, Lieutenant Governor of Guernsey (2005–2011)
    • Chief Minister – Laurie Morgan, Chief Minister of Guernsey (2004–2007)
  •  Jersey (Crown dependency of the United Kingdom)
    • Lieutenant-Governor – Sir John Cheshire, Lieutenant Governor of Jersey (2001–2006)
    • Chief Minister – Frank Walker, Chief Minister of Jersey (2005–2008)
  •  Gibraltar (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
    • Governor – Sir Francis Richards, Governor of Gibraltar (2003–2006)
    • Chief Minister – Peter Caruana, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1996–2011)
•   Vatican City
  • Monarch –
    1. Pope John Paul II, Sovereign of Vatican City (1978–2005)
    2. Cardinal Eduardo Martínez Somalo and Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger; interim Government during sede vacante (2005)
    3. Pope Benedict XVI, Sovereign of Vatican City (2005–2013)
  • Head of Government – Cardinal Edmund Szoka, President of the Governorate of Vatican City (1997–2006)
  • Holy See (sui generis subject of public international law)
    • Secretary of State – Cardinal Angelo Sodano, Cardinal Secretary of State (1990–2006)

North America

•  Anguilla (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
  • Governor – Alan Huckle, Governor of Anguilla (2004–2006)
  • Chief Minister – Osbourne Fleming, Chief Minister of Anguilla (2000–2010)
•  Antigua and Barbuda
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir James Carlisle, Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (1993–2007)
  • Prime Minister – Baldwin Spencer, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (2004–2014)
•  Aruba (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
  • Governor – Fredis Refunjol, Governor of Aruba (2004–2016)
  • Prime Minister – Nelson Oduber, Prime Minister of Aruba (2001–2009)
•  The Bahamas
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the Bahamas (1973–present)
  • Governor-General –
    1. Dame Ivy Dumont, Governor-General of the Bahamas (2001–2005)
    2. Paul Adderley, Acting Governor-General of the Bahamas (2005–2006)
  • Prime Minister – Perry Christie, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (2002–2007)
•  Barbados
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Clifford Husbands, Governor-General of Barbados (1996–2011)
  • Prime Minister – Owen Arthur, Prime Minister of Barbados (1994–2008)
•  Belize
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Belize (1981–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Colville Young, Governor-General of Belize (1993–present)
  • Prime Minister – Said Musa, Prime Minister of Belize (1998–2008)
•  Bermuda (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
  • Governor – Sir John Vereker, Governor of Bermuda (2002–2007)
  • Premier – Alex Scott, Premier of Bermuda (2003–2006)
•  British Virgin Islands (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
  • Governor – Tom Macan, Governor of the British Virgin Islands (2002–2006)
  • Chief Minister – Orlando Smith, Chief Minister of the British Virgin Islands (2003–2007)
•  Canada
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952–present)
  • Governor-General –
    1. Adrienne Clarkson, Governor General of Canada (1999–2005)
    2. Michaëlle Jean, Governor General of Canada (2005–2010)
  • Prime Minister – Paul Martin, Prime Minister of Canada (2003–2006)
•  Cayman Islands (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
  • Governor –
    1. Bruce Dinwiddy, Governor of the Cayman Islands (2002–2005)
    2. George A. McCarthy, Acting Governor of the Cayman Islands (2005)
    3. Stuart Jack, Governor of the Cayman Islands (2005–2009)
  • Head of Government –
    1. McKeeva Bush, Leader of Government Business of the Cayman Islands (2001–2005)
    2. Kurt Tibbetts, Leader of Government Business of the Cayman Islands (2005–2009)
•  Costa Rica
  • President – Abel Pacheco, President of Costa Rica (2002–2006)
•  Cuba
  • Communist Party Leader – Fidel Castro, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (1965–2011)
  • President – Fidel Castro, President of the Council of State of Cuba (1976–2008)
  • Prime Minister – Fidel Castro, President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba (1959–2008)
•  Dominica
  • President – Nicholas Liverpool, President of Dominica (2003–2012)
  • Prime Minister – Roosevelt Skerrit, Prime Minister of Dominica (2004–present)
•  Dominican Republic
  • President – Leonel Fernández, President of the Dominican Republic (2004–2012)
•  El Salvador
  • President – Antonio Saca, President of El Salvador (2004–2009)
•  Grenada
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Grenada (1974–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Daniel Williams, Governor-General of Grenada (1996–2008)
  • Prime Minister – Keith Mitchell, Prime Minister of Grenada (1995–2008)
•  Guatemala
  • President – Óscar Berger, President of Guatemala (2004–2008)
•  Haiti
  • President – Boniface Alexandre, President of Haiti (2004–2006)
  • Prime Minister – Gérard Latortue, Prime Minister of Haiti (2004–2006)
•  Honduras
  • President – Ricardo Maduro, President of Honduras (2002–2006)
•  Jamaica
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica (1962–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Howard Cooke, Governor-General of Jamaica (1991–2006)
  • Prime Minister – P. J. Patterson, Prime Minister of Jamaica (1992–2006)
•  Mexico
  • President – Vicente Fox, President of Mexico (2000–2006)
•  Montserrat (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
  • Governor – Deborah Barnes-Jones, Governor of Montserrat (2004–2007)
  • Chief Minister – John Osborne, Chief Minister of Montserrat (2001–2006)
•  Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
  • Governor – Frits Goedgedrag, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles (2002–2010)
  • Prime Minister – Etienne Ys, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (2004–2006)
•  Nicaragua
  • President – Enrique Bolaños, President of Nicaragua (2002–2007)
•  Panama
  • President – Martín Torrijos, President of Panama (2004–2009)
•  Saint Kitts and Nevis
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1983–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Cuthbert Sebastian, Governor-General of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1996–2013)
  • Prime Minister – Denzil Douglas, Prime Minister of Saint Kitts and Nevis (1995–2015)
•  Saint Lucia
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Lucia (1979–present)
  • Governor-General – Dame Pearlette Louisy, Governor-General of Saint Lucia (1997–2017)
  • Prime Minister – Kenny Anthony, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (1997–2006)
•   Saint Pierre and Miquelon (overseas collectivity of France)
  • Prefect –
    1. Claude Valleix, Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2002–2005)
    2. Albert Dupuy, Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005–2006)
  • Head of Government –
    1. Marc Plantegenest, President of the General Council of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2000–2005)
    2. Paul Jaccachury, Acting President of the General Council of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (2005–2006)
•  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1979–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Frederick Ballantyne, Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2002–2019)
  • Prime Minister – Ralph Gonsalves, Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (2001–present)
•  Trinidad and Tobago
  • President – George Maxwell Richards, President of Trinidad and Tobago (2003–2013)
  • Prime Minister – Patrick Manning, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (2001–2010)
•  Turks and Caicos Islands (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
  • Governor –
    1. Jim Poston, Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2002–2005)
    2. Mahala Wynns, Acting Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2005)
    3. Richard Tauwhare, Governor of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2005–2008)
  • Premier – Michael Misick, Chief Minister of the Turks and Caicos Islands (2003–2009)
•  United States
  • President – George W. Bush, President of the United States (2001–2009)
  •  Puerto Rico (Commonwealth of the United States)
    • Governor –
      1. Sila María Calderón, Governor of Puerto Rico (2001–2005)
      2. Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, Governor of Puerto Rico (2005–2009)
  •  United States Virgin Islands (insular area of the United States)
    • Governor – Charles Wesley Turnbull, Governor of the United States Virgin Islands (1999–2007)

Oceania

•  American Samoa (unorganised, unincorporated territory of the United States)
  • Governor – Togiola Tulafono, Governor of American Samoa (2003–2013)
•  Australia
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952–present)
  • Governor-General – Michael Jeffery, Governor-General of Australia (2003–2008)
  • Prime Minister – John Howard, Prime Minister of Australia (1996–2007)
  •  Christmas Island (external territory of Australia)
    • Administrator – Evan Williams, Administrator of Christmas Island (2003–2005)
    • Shire-President – Gordon Thomson, Shire president of Christmas Island (2003–2011)
  •  Cocos (Keeling) Islands (external territory of Australia)
    • Administrator – Evan Williams, Administrator of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2003–2005)
    • Shire-President – Ronald Grant, Shire president of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands (2001–2007)
  •  Norfolk Island (self-governing territory of Australia)
    • Administrator – Grant Tambling, Administrator of Norfolk Island (2003–2007)
    • Chief Minister – Geoffrey Robert Gardner, Chief Minister of Norfolk Island (2001–2006)
•  Fiji
  • President – Ratu Josefa Iloilo, President of Fiji (2000–2006)
  • Prime Minister – Laisenia Qarase, Prime Minister of Fiji (2001–2006)
•   French Polynesia (overseas collectivity of France)
  • High Commissioner –
    1. Michel Mathieu, High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2001–2005)
    2. Jacques Michaut, Acting High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2005)
    3. Anne Bouquet, High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (2005–2008)
  • President –
    1. Gaston Flosse, President of French Polynesia (2004–2005)
    2. Oscar Temaru, President of French Polynesia (2005–2006)
•  Guam (insular area of the United States)
  • Governor – Felix Perez Camacho, Governor of Guam (2003–2011)
•  Kiribati
  • President – Anote Tong, President of Kiribati (2003–2016)
•  Marshall Islands
  • President – Kessai Note, President of the Marshall Islands (2000–2008)
•  Micronesia
  • President – Joseph Urusemal, President of Micronesia (2003–2007)
•  Nauru
  • President – Ludwig Scotty, President of Nauru (2004–2007)
•  New Caledonia (sui generis collectivity of France)
  • High Commissioner –
    1. Daniel Constantin, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2002–2005)
    2. Louis Le Franc, Acting High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2005)
    3. Michel Mathieu, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (2005–2007)
  • Head of Government – Marie-Noëlle Thémereau, President of the Government of New Caledonia (2004–2007)
•  New Zealand
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952–present)
  • Governor-General – Dame Silvia Cartwright, Governor-General of New Zealand (2001–2006)
  • Prime Minister – Helen Clark, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1999–2008)
  •  Cook Islands (associated state of New Zealand)
    • Queen's Representative – Sir Frederick Tutu Goodwin, Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands (2001–2013)
    • Prime Minister – Jim Marurai, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (2004–2010)
  •  Niue (associated state of New Zealand)
    • Premier – Young Vivian, Premier of Niue (2002–2008)
  • Tokelau (dependent territory of New Zealand)
    • Administrator – Neil Walter, Administrator of Tokelau (2003–2006)
    • Head of Government –
      1. Patuki Isaako, Head of Government of Tokelau (2004–2005)
      2. Pio Tuia, Head of Government of Tokelau (2005–2006)
•  Northern Mariana Islands (Commonwealth of the United States)
  • Governor – Juan Babauta, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (2002–2006)
•  Palau
  • President – Tommy Remengesau, President of Palau (2001–2009)
•  Papua New Guinea
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Paulias Matane, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (2004–2010)
  • Prime Minister – Sir Michael Somare, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (2002–2010)
•  Pitcairn Islands (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
  • Governor – Richard Fell, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (2001–2006)
  • Mayor – Jay Warren, Mayor of the Pitcairn Islands (2005–2007)
•  Samoa
  • Head of State – Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Samoa (1962–2007)
  • Prime Minister – Tuilaepa Aiono Sailele Malielegaoi, Prime Minister of Samoa (1998–present)
•  Solomon Islands
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of the Solomon Islands (1978–present)
  • Governor-General – Sir Nathaniel Waena, Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (2004–2009)
  • Prime Minister – Sir Allan Kemakeza, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (2001–2006)
•  Tonga
  • Monarch – Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965–2006) [lower-alpha 14]
  • Prime Minister – Prince Lavaka Ata ʻUlukālala, Prime Minister of Tonga (2000–2006)
•  Tuvalu
  • Monarch – Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978–present)
  • Governor-General –
    1. Faimalaga Luka, Governor-General of Tuvalu (2003–2005)
    2. Filoimea Telito, Governor-General of Tuvalu (2005–2010)
  • Prime Minister – Maatia Toafa, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (2004–2006)
•  Vanuatu
  • President – Kalkot Mataskelekele, President of Vanuatu (2004–2009)
  • Prime Minister – Ham Lini, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (2004–2008)
•   Wallis and Futuna (overseas collectivity of France)
  • Administrator –
    1. Christian Job, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2002–2005)
    2. Xavier de Fürst, Administrator Superior of Wallis and Futuna (2005–2006)
  • Head of Government –
    1. Patalione Kanimoa, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (2001–2005)
    2. Apeleto Likuvalu, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (2005)
    3. Emeni Simete, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (2005–2007)

South America

•  Argentina
  • President – Néstor Kirchner, President of Argentina (2003–2007)
•  Bolivia
  • President –
    1. Carlos Mesa, President of Bolivia (2003–2005)
    2. Eduardo Rodríguez, President of Bolivia (2005–2006)
•  Brazil
  • President – Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, President of Brazil (2003–2010)
•  Chile
  • President – Ricardo Lagos, President of Chile (2000–2006)
•  Colombia
  • President – Álvaro Uribe, President of Colombia (2002–2010)
•  Ecuador
  • President –
    1. Lucio Gutiérrez, President of Ecuador (2003–2005)
    2. Alfredo Palacio, President of Ecuador (2005–2007)
•  Falkland Islands (Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom)
  • Governor – Howard Pearce, Governor of the Falkland Islands (2002–2006)
  • Head of Government – Chris Simpkins, Chief Executive of the Falkland Islands (2003–2007)
•  Guyana
  • President – Bharrat Jagdeo, President of Guyana (1999–2011)
  • Prime Minister – Sam Hinds, Prime Minister of Guyana (1999–2015)
•  Paraguay
  • President – Nicanor Duarte, President of Paraguay (2003–2008)
•  Peru
  • President – Alejandro Toledo, President of Peru (2001–2006)
  • Prime Minister –
    1. Carlos Ferrero, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (2003–2005)
    2. Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, President of the Council of Ministers of Peru (2005–2006)
•  Suriname
  • President – Ronald Venetiaan, President of Suriname (2000–2010)
•  Uruguay
  • President –
    1. Jorge Batlle Ibáñez, President of Uruguay (2000–2005)
    2. Tabaré Vázquez, President of Uruguay (2005–2010)
•  Venezuela
  • President – Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela (2002–2013)

Notes

1. Eritrea only became independent in 1993.
2. Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
3. Brunei only became independent in 1984.
4. Hun Sen was titled Second Prime Minister in 1993–98.
5. Kazakhstan only became independent in 1991.
6. The position of Chairman of the National Defence Commission was declared to be the highest office of state by the constitution that came into effect in 1998.
7. Kyrgyzstan only became independent in 1991.
8. Turkmenistan only became independent in 1991.
9. Uzbekistan only became independent in 1991.
10. Saleh was president of North Yemen until 1990.
11. Abkhazia only declared independence in 1992.
12. Transnistria only declared independence in 1991.
13. The seven-member Swiss Federal Council is head of state and government collectively. As a party to the Council, the president serves solely in a primus inter pares capacity for one year.
14. Tonga only became independent in 1970.

External links

• Rulers—a list of rulers throughout time and places
• WorldStatesmen—an online encyclopedia of the leaders of nations and territories