Sharif ul-Hāshim of Sulu
Sharif ul-Hashim[2] (began reign 17 November 1405) was the regal name of Sayyed walShareef Abubakar Abirin AlHashmi.[1] He was an Arab[2]-Muslim explorer and the founder of the Sultanate of Sulu. He assumed the political and spiritual leadership of the realm, and was given the title Sultan, and was also the first Sultan of Sulu.
| Shareef ul-Hashim | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Sultan of the Sulu Sultanate | |||||
| Reign | 17 November 1405 – ? | ||||
| Predecessor | Rajah Baguinda Ali | ||||
| Successor | Kamal ud-Din of Sulu | ||||
| Born | Johor, Johor Empire | ||||
| Spouse | Dayang-dayang Paramisuli | ||||
| Issue |
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| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
During his reigning era, he promulgated the first Sulu code of laws called Diwan that were based on Quran. He introduced Islamic political institutions and the consolidation of Islam as the state religion.[1]
Origins and personal life
Very little is known about Sharif ul-Hashim's early life. Born in Johore (in present-day Malaysia), his proper name was known to be Sayyid Abu Bakr bin Abirin AlHashmi, while his regal name was known as Paduka Mahasari Maulana al Sultan Sharif ul- Hashim,[3] or "The Master (Paduka) His Majesty (Mahasari), Protector (Maulana) and (al) Sultan (Sultan), Sharif (Sharif) of (ul-) Hashim (Hashim)". [The Sharif of Hashim part is a reference to his nobility as a descendant of Hashim clan, a clan the Islamic prophet Muhammad was a part of.] His regnal name is often shortened to Sharif ul-Hashim.
Abubakar bin Abirin bore the titles Sayyid (alternatively spelled Saiyid, Sayyed, Seyyed, Sayed, Seyed, Syed, Seyd) and Shareef an honorific that denotes he was an accepted descendant of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through both the Imams Hassan and Hussain.[4] His name is also alternatively spelled Sayyid walShareef Abu Bakr ibn Abirin AlHashmi. He was a Najeeb AlTarfayn Sayyid.
The genealogy of Sultan Sharif ul-Hashim describes him as a descendant of Muhammad, through his maternal bloodline, Sayyed Zainul Abidin of Hadhramaut, Yemen, who belongs to the fourteenth generation of Hussain, the grandson of Muhammad.[5]
Descendants
Sultan Sharif Ul-Hashim's offspring include his eldest son Sharif Kamal ud-Din who was also his successor as sultan, reigning in 1480–1505. Sultan Sharif Ala ud-Din, not proclaimed as sultan of Sulu. Sultan Sharif Mu-izz ul-Mutawadi-in, reigning 1527–1548, was a grandson of Sultan Sharif, who succeeded to the throne upon the death of Kamal ud-Din.[6]
References
- Sultan Sharif Ul-Hashim acknowledged among Filipino great men website accessed on 23 November 2010
- Sulu Genealogy website accessed on 23 November 2010.
- Scott, William H. (1994). Barangay:sixteenth-century Philippine culture and society. ADMU Press. ISBN 971-550-135-4.
- Majul, Cesar Adlib (1981). "An Analysis of the "Genealogy of Sulu"". 22. pp. 167–182. Retrieved 1 April 2018.
- Genealogy of Sultan Sharif Ul-Hashim of Sulu Sultanate Archived 18 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine website accessed on 23 November 2010.
- List of the Rulers of the Sulu Sutanate Archived 29 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Office Established |
Sultan of Sulu 1450–1480 |
Succeeded by Kamal ud-Din of Sulu |
List of sultans of Sulu (1405–1915) and claimants (1915–present) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | Sultans from 1405 to 1915
|  | |
Claimants from 1915 to present
| |||
1 The last recognised Sultan of Sulu was Sultan Jamalul Kiram II and based on historical records in Malaysia, Philippines and Brunei, he died in 1936 and had seven daughters but no son which in Islamic law, a woman cannot be appointed as heir or successor. (note) | |||