Saffron Walden (UK Parliament constituency)

Saffron Walden is a constituency[n 1] represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2017 by Kemi Badenoch, a Conservative. She is currently the Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury and a minister in the GEO. [n 2]

Saffron Walden
County constituency for the House of Commons
Boundary of Saffron Walden in Essex
Location of Essex within England
County	Essex
Electorate	77,109 (December 2010)[1]
Major settlements	Saffron Walden, Great Dunmow, Halstead
Current constituency
Created	1885
Member of Parliament	Kemi Badenoch (Conservative)
Number of members	One
Created from	West Essex

History

Saffron Walden was one of eight single-member divisions of Essex (later classified as county constituencies) created by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, replacing the three two member divisions of East, South and West Essex.

The boundaries were redrawn under the Representation of the People Act 1918, then remaining virtually unchanged until changes brought in for the 2010 general election by the Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies.

This has been a Conservative safe seat based on election results since 1922, in which period the majorities have occasionally been marginal, but with the seat now boasting a majority of over 24,000, with Labour finishing second in the seat in the 2017 general election, the first time this has happened since 1970.

Boundaries and boundary changes

1885–1918: The Borough of Saffron Walden, the Sessional Divisions of Freshwell, Hinckford North, and Walden, part of the Sessional Division of Hinckford South (Halstead Bench), the part of the Borough of Sudbury in the county of Essex, and the parish of Thaxted.[2]

Formed from northern parts of the abolished West Division of Essex including the Municipal Borough of Saffron Walden, and northern parts of the abolished East Division.

1918–1950: The Borough of Saffron Walden, the Urban District of Halstead, and the Rural Districts of Belchamp, Bumpstead, Dunmow, Halstead, Saffron Walden, and Stansted.[3]

Gained northern parts of Epping, including Great Dunmow and Hatfield Broad Oak, and northern parts of Maldon, including Halstead.  Other minor changes.

1950–1974: The Borough of Saffron Walden, the Urban District of Halstead, the Rural Districts of Dunmow, Halstead, and Saffron Walden, and in the Rural District of Braintree the parishes of Bardfield Saling and Great Bardfield.[4]

Local authorities re-organised – only nominal changes to boundaries of constituency.

1974–1983: The Borough of Saffron Walden, the Urban District of Halstead, and the Rural Districts of Dunmow, Halstead, and Saffron Walden.[5]

The two small parishes within the Rural District of Braintree included in the new County Constituency of Braintree.

1983–1997: The District of Uttlesford, and the District of Braintree wards of Bumpstead, Castle Hedingham, Colne Engaine and Greenstead Green, Earls Colne, Gosfield, Halstead St Andrews, Halstead Trinity, Sible Hedingham, Stour Valley Central, Stour Valley North, Stour Valley South, Upper Colne, and Yeldham.[6]

Local authorities re-organised – no changes to boundaries of constituency.

1997–2010: The District of Uttlesford, and the District of Braintree wards of Bumpstead, Castle Hedingham, Colne Engaine and Greenstead Green, Halstead St Andrews, Halstead Trinity, Sible Hedingham, Stour Valley Central, Stour Valley North, Stour Valley South, Upper Colne, and Yeldham.[7]

Two small wards (Earls Colne and Gosfield) transferred to Braintree.

2010–present: The District of Uttlesford, and the Borough of Chelmsford wards of Boreham and The Leighs, Broomfield and The Walthams, Chelmsford Rural West, and Writtle.[8]

The 2010 redistribution resulted in a major change, with eastern areas in the District of Braintree, including Halstead, being transferred to the County Constituency of Braintree. Extended southwards to incorporate northern and western rural areas of the Borough of Chelmsford, including Writtle, which were transferred from the abolished County Constituency of West Chelmsford.

Constituency profile

The constituency is by far the largest and most rural in Essex, and covers the entire north-west corner of the county: an area of almost 400 square miles (1,000 km²).[9] It borders Hertfordshire and Cambridgeshire, and also extends deep into the middle of Essex near Chelmsford.

Two medium-sized market towns, Saffron Walden and Dunmow are in the constituency. Both of these have historic links, and are busy and regionally visitor-drawing towns in the South East.

The largest single source of employment in the constituency is Stansted Airport, while there are also a host of small businesses, many of them high-tech, along and at the ends of the London-Cambridge corridor.

In statistics

The constituency consists of Census Output Areas of two local government districts with similar characteristics. Uttlesford district forms the bulk, and has a working population whose income is close to the national average and much lower than average reliance upon social housing.[10] At the end of 2012 the unemployment rate in the constituency stood at 1.6% of the population claiming jobseekers allowance, compared to the regional average of 2.4%.[11] The borough contributing to the bulk of the seat has a very low 10.1% of its population without a car, 17.7% of the population without qualifications and a high 31.9% had level 4 qualifications or above. In terms of tenure 71.6% of homes are owned outright or on a mortgage as at the 2011 census across the Uttlesford district.[12]

Members of Parliament

Since the snap election in 2017, this safe Conservative seat has been represented by Kemi Badenoch. It was held for many years by former Chancellor of the Exchequer Rab Butler and by former Deputy Speaker of the House of Commons Sir Alan Haselhurst.

Election		Member[13]	Party	Notes
	1885	Herbert Gardner	Liberal
	1895	Charles Gold	Liberal
	1900	Armine Wodehouse	Liberal
	1901	Joseph Pease	Liberal
	1910	Douglas Proby	Conservative
	1910	Cecil Beck	Liberal
	1919		Coalition Liberal
	1921		Independent Parliamentary Group
	1922	William Foot Mitchell	Unionist
	1929	Rab Butler	Conservative	Chancellor of the Exchequer 1951–1955. Father of the House 1964–1965. Disqualified February 1965 on being raised to the peerage.
	1965 by-election	Sir Peter Kirk	Conservative	Died April 1977.
	1977 by-election	Sir Alan Haselhurst	Conservative	Previously MP for Middleton and Prestwich 1970–1974. Chairman of Ways and Means 1997–2010.
	2017	Kemi Badenoch	Conservative	Parliamentary Under Secretary of State for Children and Families (2019–2020) Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury (2020-present) Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Equalities (2020-present)

Elections

Elections in the 2010s

General election 2019: Saffron Walden[14]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Kemi Badenoch	39,714	63.0	+1.2
	Liberal Democrats	Mike Hibbs	12,120	19.2	+5.2
	Labour	Thomas Van De Bilt	8,305	13.2	-7.6
	Green	Coby Wing	2,947	4.7	+4.7
Majority			27,594	43.8	+2.8
Turnout			63,086	72.5	-0.8
	Conservative hold		Swing	-2.0

General election 2017: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Kemi Badenoch	37,629	61.8	+4.6
	Labour	Jane Berney	12,663	20.8	+8.9
	Liberal Democrats	Mike Hibbs	8,528	14.0	+3.4
	UKIP	Lorna Howe	2,091	3.4	-10.4
Majority			24,966	41.0	-2.4
Turnout			60,911	73.1	+1.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	-2.2

General election 2015: Saffron Walden[15]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Alan Haselhurst	32,926	57.2	+1.7
	UKIP	Peter Day	7,935	13.8	+9.7
	Labour	Jane Berney	6,791	11.8	+2.1
	Liberal Democrats	Mike Hibbs	6,079	10.6	−16.9
	Green	Karmel Stannard	2,174	3.8	+2.4
	Residents for Uttlesford	Heather Asker	1,658	2.9	N/A
Majority			24,991	43.4	+15.4
Turnout			57,563	71.4	-0.2
	Conservative hold		Swing	−4.0

General election 2010: Saffron Walden[16]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Alan Haselhurst	30,155	55.4	+4.6
	Liberal Democrats	Peter Wilcock	14,913	27.4	−2.2
	Labour	Barbara Light	5,288	9.7	−4.5
	UKIP	Roger Lord	2,288	4.2	+1.5
	BNP	Chrissie Mitchell	1,050	1.9	+1.9
	Green	Reza Hossain	735	1.4	+1.4
Majority			15,242	28.0	+3.5
Turnout			54,429	71.6	+2.8
	Conservative hold		Swing	+3.4

Elections in the 2000s

General election 2005: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Alan Haselhurst	27,263	51.4	+2.5
	Liberal Democrats	Elfreda Tealby-Watson	14,255	26.9	+2.0
	Labour	Swatantra Nandanwar	8,755	16.5	−6.1
	UKIP	Raymond Tyler	1,412	2.7	−0.8
	English Democrat	Raymond Brown	860	1.6	N/A
	Veritas	Trevor Hackett	475	0.9	N/A
Majority			13,008	24.5	+0.5
Turnout			53,020	68.3	+3.1
	Conservative hold		Swing	+0.3

General election 2001: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Alan Haselhurst	24,485	48.9	+3.6
	Liberal Democrats	Elfreda Tealby-Watson	12,481	24.9	−1.9
	Labour	Tania Rogers	11,305	22.6	+1.1
	UKIP	Richard Glover	1,769	3.5	+2.4
Majority			12,004	24.0	+5.5
Turnout			50,040	65.2	−11.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	+2.3

Elections in the 1990s

General election 1997: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Alan Haselhurst	25,871	45.3	-11.3
	Liberal Democrats	Melvin H. Caton	15,298	26.8	−1.8
	Labour	Malcolm J. Fincken	12,275	21.5	+7.2
	Referendum	Richard Glover	2,308	4.0	N/A
	UKIP	Ian Evans	658	1.2	N/A
	Independent	Barry Tyler	486	0.9	N/A
	Natural Law	Christopher Edwards	154	0.3	−0.1
Majority			10,573	18.5	−13.1
Turnout			57,050	76.9	−6.3
	Conservative hold		Swing	−6.6

General election 1992: Saffron Walden[17]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Alan Haselhurst	35,272	56.6	−1.1
	Liberal Democrats	Mark Hayes	17,848	28.6	−0.3
	Labour	John Kotz	8,933	14.3	+2.8
	Natural Law	Michael D. Miller	260	0.4	N/A
Majority			17,424	28.0	−0.8
Turnout			62,313	83.2	+4.2
	Conservative hold		Swing	−0.4

Elections in the 1980s

General election 1987: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Alan Haselhurst	33,354	57.7	−0.1
	Liberal	Mark Hayes	16,752	29.0	−0.3
	Labour	Robert Gifford	6,674	11.5	+0.1
	Green	George Hannah	816	1.4	N/A
	All Party Anti-Common Market	Oliver Smedley	217	0.4	−1.1
Majority			16,602	28.72
Turnout				79.00
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1983: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Alan Haselhurst	30,869	57.85
	SDP	John Torode	15,620	29.27
	Labour	RP Trory	6,078	11.39
	All Party Anti-Common Market	Oliver Smedley	797	1.49
Majority			15,249	28.58
Turnout				76.91
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General election 1979: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Alan Haselhurst	28,563	53.81
	Liberal	Andrew Phillips	13,200	24.87
	Labour	Ben Stoneham	10,547	19.87
	Independent	Oliver Smedley	425	0.80
	National Front	R Bailey	342	0.64
Majority			15,363	28.94
Turnout				81.61
	Conservative hold		Swing

1977 Saffron Walden by-election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Alan Haselhurst	22,692	55.74	+12.03
	Liberal	Andrew Phillips	10,255	25.19	-5.13
	Labour	Ben Stoneham	5,948	14.61	-11.36
	All Party Anti-Common Market	Oliver Smedley	1,818	4.47	N/A
Majority			12,437	30.55
Turnout			40,713
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election October 1974: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Peter Kirk	21,291	43.71
	Liberal	Frank P D Moore	14,770	30.32
	Labour	H Green	12,652	25.97
Majority			6,521	13.39
Turnout				78.07
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election February 1974: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Peter Kirk	23,013	44.58
	Liberal	Frank P D Moore	15,468	29.97
	Labour	J Dowsett	13,138	25.45
Majority			7,545	14.62
Turnout				83.40
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1970: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Peter Kirk	24,549	52.92
	Labour	Ken Weetch	14,885	32.08
	Liberal	Frank P D Moore	6,959	15.00
Majority			9,664	20.84
Turnout				77.24
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1960s

General election 1966: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Peter Kirk	20,441	47.42
	Labour	Stephen Haseler	17,176	39.85
	Liberal	Frank P D Moore	5,487	12.73
Majority			3,265	7.57
Turnout				82.54
	Conservative hold		Swing

Saffron Walden by-election, 1965

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Peter Kirk	18,851	48.5	-0.8
	Labour	Michael D Cornish	15,358	39.5	+2.0
	Liberal	Frank P D Moore	4,626	11.9	-1.4
Majority			3,493	9.0
Turnout
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1964: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Rab Butler	20,610	49.3
	Labour	Michael D Cornish	15,655	37.5
	Liberal	Frank P D Moore	6,189	13.3
Majority			4,955	11.85	–
Turnout				82.41
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General election 1959: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Rab Butler	20,955	53.22
	Labour	Hampden N Horne	14,173	36.00
	Liberal	David J Ridley	4,245	10.78
Majority			6,782	17.22
Turnout				81.26
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1955: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Rab Butler	20,671	54.21
	Labour	Hampden N Horne	14,253	37.28
	Liberal	Helen G Carson	3,209	8.42
Majority			6,418	16.83
Turnout				79.57
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1951: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Rab Butler	20,564	51.95
	Labour	Reginald Groves	15,245	38.51
	Liberal	Oliver Smedley	3,774	9.53
Majority			5,319	13.44
Turnout				82.75
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1950: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Rab Butler	19,797	49.91
	Labour	Sidney Stanley Wilson	14,908	37.58
	Liberal	Oliver Smedley	4,963	12.51
Majority			4,889	12.33
Turnout				84.40
	Conservative hold		Swing

Election in the 1940s

General election 1945: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Rab Butler	16,950	46.90
	Labour	Sidney Stanley Wilson	15,792	43.70
	Liberal	George Adolphus Edinger	3,395	9.39
Majority			1,158	3.20
Turnout				74.64
	Conservative hold		Swing

Elections in the 1930s

General Election 1939/40: Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected;

• Conservative: Rab Butler
• Labour: Clara Rackham[18]

General election 1935: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Rab Butler	19,669	67.13
	Labour	Clara Rackham	9,633	32.87
Majority			10,036	34.26
Turnout				68.55
	Conservative hold		Swing

General election 1931: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Rab Butler	22,501	77.67
	Labour	Sidney Stanley Wilson	6,468	22.33
Majority			16,033	55.34
Turnout				70.38
	Conservative hold		Swing

• The Liberal candidate, Arthur Musgrove Mathews withdrew at the last minute

Elections in the 1920s

General election 1929: Saffron Walden [19]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	Rab Butler	13,561	44.5	-7.1
	Labour	William Cash	8,642	28.3	+1.7
	Liberal	Arthur Musgrove Mathews	8,307	27.2	+5.4
Majority			4,919	16.2	-8.8
Turnout				75.8	+2.7
	Unionist hold		Swing	-4.4

General election 1924: Saffron Walden[19]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	William Foot Mitchell	12,289	51.6
	Labour	William Cash	6,340	26.6
	Liberal	Arthur Musgrove Mathews	5,195	21.8
Majority			5,949	25.0
Turnout				73.1
	Unionist hold		Swing

General election 1923: Saffron Walden[19]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	William Foot Mitchell	9,652	44.3	+0.7
	Labour	William Cash	6,398	29.3	-0.8
	Liberal	Robert McNair Wilson	5,752	26.4	+13.8
Majority			3,254	15.0	+1.5
Turnout				67.7	-3.4
	Unionist hold		Swing	-0.7

General election 1922 : Saffron Walden[19]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Unionist	William Foot Mitchell	9,844	43.6
	Labour	William Cash	6,797	30.1
	National Liberal	William Dawson Harbinson	3,097	13.7
	Liberal	Robert McNair Wilson	2,853	12.6
Majority			3,047	13.5
Turnout				71.1
	Unionist gain from Liberal		Swing

Elections in the 1910s

Sir Cecil Beck

General election 1918: Saffron Walden

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
C	Liberal	Cecil Beck	10,628	70.1	+19.9
	Labour	Jimmy Mallon	4,531	29.9	N/A
Majority			6,097	40.2	+39.8
Turnout			15,159	47.8	−40.4
	Liberal hold		Swing	N/A
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

By-election, 1915: Saffron Walden[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Cecil Beck	Unopposed
	Liberal hold

Cecil Beck

General election December 1910 Saffron Walden[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Cecil Beck	4,071	50.2	+1.8
	Conservative	Douglas Proby	4,031	49.8	−1.8
Majority			40	0.4	N/A
Turnout			8,102	88.2	−2.1
Registered electors			9,187
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	+1.8

General election January 1910 Saffron Walden[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Douglas Proby	4,283	51.6	+10.5
	Liberal	Jack Pease	4,011	48.4	−10.5
Majority			272	3.2	N/A
Turnout			8,294	90.3	+9.0
Registered electors			9,187
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+10.5

Elections in the 1900s

Jack Pease

General election 1906 Saffron Walden[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Jack Pease	4,203	58.9	+8.0
	Conservative	Walter Barttelot	2,935	41.1	−8.0
Majority			1,268	17.8	+16.0
Turnout			7,138	81.3	+6.7
Registered electors			8,779
	Liberal hold		Swing	+8.0

1901 Saffron Walden by-election[21][20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Jack Pease	3,994	55.5	+4.6
	Conservative	Charles Wing Gray	3,202	44.5	−4.6
Majority			792	11.0	+9.2
Turnout			7,196	84.2	+7.6
Registered electors			8,550
	Liberal hold		Swing	+4.6

General election 1900 Saffron Walden[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Armine Wodehouse	3,247	50.9	-2.1
	Conservative	Charles Wing Gray	3,137	49.1	+2.1
Majority			110	1.8	-4.2
Turnout			6,384	74.6	−6.0
Registered electors			8,556
	Liberal hold		Swing	−2.1

Elections in the 1890s

General election 1895 Saffron Walden[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Charles Gold	3,806	53.0	−10.0
	Conservative	Charles Wing Gray	3,381	47.0	+10.0
Majority			425	6.0	−20.0
Turnout			7,187	80.6	+0.9
Registered electors			8,920
	Liberal hold		Swing	−10.0

By-election, 19 Sep 1892 Saffron Walden[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Herbert Gardner	Unopposed
	Liberal hold

• Caused by Gardner's appointment as President of the Board of Agriculture

General election 1892 Saffron Walden[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Herbert Gardner	4,564	63.0	+8.0
	Conservative	Philip Vernon Smith[22]	2,683	37.0	−8.0
Majority			1,881	26.0	+16.0
Turnout			7,247	79.7	+0.4
Registered electors			9,098
	Liberal hold		Swing	+8.0

Elections in the 1880s

General election 1886 Saffron Walden[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Herbert Gardner	4,059	55.0	−6.3
	Conservative	George William Brewis[23]	3,319	45.0	+6.3
Majority			740	10.0	−12.6
Turnout			7,378	79.3	−4.1
Registered electors			9,306
	Liberal hold		Swing	−6.3

General election 1885 Saffron Walden[20]

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Liberal	Herbert Gardner	4,755	61.3	N/A
	Conservative	Charles Hedley Strutt	3,006	38.7	N/A
Majority			1,749	22.6	N/A
Turnout			7,761	83.4	N/A
Registered electors			9,306
	Liberal win (new seat)

See also

• List of Parliamentary constituencies in Essex

Notes and references

Notes

1. A county constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
2. As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

References

1. "Electorate Figures – Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
2. Great Britain, Incorporated Council of Law Reporting for England and Wales. The public general acts. unknown library. Proprietors of the Law Journal Reports, 1884.
3. Fraser, Hugh (1918). The Representation of the people act, 1918 : with explanatory notes. University of California Libraries. London : Sweet and Maxwell.
4. "Representation of the People Act, 1948". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 2019-09-06.
5. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1970". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 2019-09-06.
6. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1983". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 2019-09-06.
7. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 2019-09-06.
8. "The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 2007". www.legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 2019-09-06.
9. "Grid Reference Finder". www.gridreferencefinder.com.
10. "Local statistics – Office for National Statistics". neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk.
11. Unemployment claimants by constituency The Guardian
12. "2011 census interactive maps". Archived from the original on 2016-01-29.
13. Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "S" (part 1)
14. "Saffron Walden Parliamentary constituency". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 19 November 2019.
15. "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
16. "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
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