Rona Ambrose

Ronalee Chapchuk "Rona" Ambrose PC (/ˈrɒnə ˈæmbroʊz/;[2] born March 15, 1969) is a former Canadian politician who was interim leader of the Conservative Party and the Leader of the Opposition between 2015 and 2017.[3] She was the Conservative Party member of the House of Commons for Sturgeon River—Parkland between 2015 and 2017, and had previously represented Edmonton—Spruce Grove from 2004 to 2015.

The Honourable Rona Ambrose PC
Ambrose in 2014
Leader of the Opposition
In office November 5, 2015 – May 27, 2017
Preceded by	Tom Mulcair
Succeeded by	Andrew Scheer
Leader of the Conservative Party of Canada
Interim
In office November 5, 2015 – May 27, 2017
President	John Walsh Scott Lamb
Deputy	Denis Lebel
Preceded by	Stephen Harper
Succeeded by	Andrew Scheer
Minister of Health
In office July 15, 2013 – November 4, 2015
Prime Minister	Stephen Harper
Preceded by	Leona Aglukkaq
Succeeded by	Jane Philpott
Minister of Public Works and Government Services
In office January 19, 2010 – July 15, 2013
Prime Minister	Stephen Harper
Preceded by	Christian Paradis
Succeeded by	Diane Finley
Minister of Western Economic Diversification
In office November 5, 2010 – May 18, 2011
Prime Minister	Stephen Harper
Preceded by	Jim Prentice
Succeeded by	Lynne Yelich
In office January 4, 2007 – October 29, 2008
Prime Minister	Stephen Harper
Preceded by	Carol Skelton
Succeeded by	Jim Prentice
Minister of Labour
In office October 30, 2008 – January 19, 2010
Prime Minister	Stephen Harper
Preceded by	Jean-Pierre Blackburn
Succeeded by	Lisa Raitt
Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs
In office January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008
Prime Minister	Stephen Harper
Preceded by	Peter Van Loan
Succeeded by	Josée Verner
President of the Privy Council
In office January 4, 2007 – October 30, 2008
Prime Minister	Stephen Harper
Preceded by	Peter Van Loan
Succeeded by	Josée Verner
Minister of the Environment
In office February 6, 2006 – January 3, 2007
Prime Minister	Stephen Harper
Preceded by	Stéphane Dion
Succeeded by	John Baird
Member of the Canadian Parliament for Sturgeon River—Parkland Edmonton—Spruce Grove (2004–2015)
In office June 28, 2004 – July 4, 2017
Preceded by	Constituency established
Succeeded by	Dane Lloyd
Personal details
Born	Ronalee Chapchuk March 15, 1969 Valleyview, Alberta, Canada
Political party	Conservative
Spouse(s)	Bruce Ambrose ​ ​ (m. 1994; div. 2011)​
Domestic partner	J. P. Veitch[1]
Education	University of Victoria (BA) University of Alberta (MA)

In her first term as an Opposition MP, she was the Conservative Party's Intergovernmental Affairs critic. Ambrose also served as vice-chair of the Treasury Board and has held multiple cabinet positions as Canada's Minister of Health, Minister of the Environment, Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs, Minister of Western Economic Diversification, Minister of Labour, Minister of Public Works and Government Services, and Minister of Status of Women. She was President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada. She is also a former communication consultant and public policy consultant for the Alberta government.

On May 15, 2017, she announced her retirement from federal politics to take effect during the summer. The next day, she was named a visiting fellow by the Canada Institute at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars.[4][5][6] She retired on July 4, 2017, stating that she hoped she was "able to inspire women to consider public service".[7]

In August, 2017, Justin Trudeau's Liberal government appointed Ambrose to a 13-member NAFTA advisory council that would provide opinion and feedback on the negotiations with the United States and Mexico.[8][9][10]

Early life and education

Ambrose was born Ronalee Chapchuk in Valleyview, Alberta, as the daughter of Colleen (née Clark) and James Chapchuk.[11][12][13] She grew up in both Brazil and Parkland County of Alberta. In addition to English, she also speaks Portuguese and Spanish but is less fluent in French.[14] Ambrose has a Bachelor of Arts in women's and gender studies from the University of Victoria and a Master of Arts degree in political science from the University of Alberta.[14]

Political views

Ambrose is a feminist.[15][16][17][18][19][20] Prior to her work in Canadian federal politics, Ambrose's community service included involvement with organizations working to end violence against women; including the Status of Women Action Group, the Victoria Sexual Assault and Sexual Abuse Crisis Centre, and the Edmonton Women's Shelter.[21]

Ambrose also calls herself a libertarian and is a fan of Ayn Rand novels such as Atlas Shrugged and The Fountainhead.[22] She was a member of the Trilateral Commission, as reported in Vancouver's Georgia Straight, August 24, 2006. According to the Trilateral Commission's 2018 membership list, Ambrose was a current member of the North American group.[23]

Political career

Ambrose was first elected as a Member of Parliament in the 2004 federal election for the newly created riding of Edmonton-Spruce Grove in west Edmonton.

On February 16, 2005, she made headlines after making a remark in Parliament directed at Liberal Social Development Minister Ken Dryden saying "working women want to make their own choices, we don't need old white guys telling us what to do", in reference to the Liberal national child care plan.[24]

Environment Minister

In 2006 elections, Ambrose successfully defended her seat in Edmonton–Spruce Grove with 66.8% of the vote in the riding. She was then appointed Environment Minister in Prime Minister Stephen Harper's minority government. Ambrose's appointment to cabinet made her the youngest woman appointed to cabinet at the time.[25]

On April 7, 2006, Ambrose announced that Canada had no chance of meeting its targets under the Kyoto Protocol and must set more realistic goals for cutting greenhouse gases. "My departmental officials and the department officials from natural resources have indicated that it is impossible, impossible for Canada to reach its Kyoto target. And let me be clear. I have been engaging with our international counterparts over the past month, and we are not the only country that is finding itself in this situation", said Ambrose.[26]

On April 13, 2006, Ambrose stopped an Environment Canada scientist, Mark Tushingham, from speaking at the launch of his science fiction novel, Hotter than Hell, set in a dystopian future caused by global warming. Tushingham's publisher and environmentalists believed this was because the book was not in line with the government's views on climate change, but Ambrose's spokesperson said that the speech was billed as coming from an Environment Canada scientist speaking in official capacity and thus out of process.[27][28]

On April 25, 2006, Ambrose expressed her support of the (now defunct) Asia-Pacific Partnership on Clean Development and Climate as an alternate to the Kyoto Protocol, because it includes China and India, two large polluting nations that are not bound by the latter agreement.[29] The APP had voluntary emissions reduction targets and was focused on developing technological solutions to solving climate change.[29]

In May 2006, Ambrose criticized the previous Liberal government's failure to meet the high targets that they had negotiated at Kyoto, saying, "We would have to pull every truck and car off the street, shut down every train and ground every plane to reach the Kyoto target the Liberals negotiated for Canada."[30][31]

In June 2006, opposition discontent over Ambrose's actions as environment minister prompted the NDP and the Bloc Québécois to try to table a motion in the Commons environmental committee calling for her resignation.[32] The motion was blocked with the help of the Liberals after the Conservatives said that the motion would be a confidence motion, that if passed would trigger an election in Fall 2006.[32]

In August 2006 she stated, "I welcome the commitment from British Columbia to preserve and increase the population of Northern Spotted Owls ... It is my opinion that, given the measures they are taking, such as stopping logging in areas currently occupied by the owls, there is no imminent threat to the survival or recovery of the Northern Spotted Owl at this time."[33]

On October 19, 2006, Ambrose introduced a Clean Air Act that aimed to reduce the level of greenhouse emissions starting in 2020, cutting them to about half of the 2003 levels by 2050. She also introduced other regulations to industries and vehicles as well as a possible cooperation between the federal government and the provinces to create a system that would report air emissions. In an interview with the media, Ambrose denied that the Conservative government had withdrawn from the Kyoto Protocol despite its previous opposition to it. However, industries will have until 2010 before they are expected to reduce emissions, and the government will not have final (and voluntary) targets ready until 2020. Oil companies will have to reduce emissions on a per-barrel basis, reduction proportional to production basis.[34][35]

Ambrose attended the November 2006 United Nations Climate Change Conference in Nairobi, Kenya.[25]

A few weeks before Ambrose was shuffled out from the environment portfolio, she told a parliamentary committee that Canada had paid its debts under the Kyoto Protocol only to have an Environment Canada official point out that the bill was still unpaid.[36]

Western Economic Diversification and Intergovernmental Affairs

News stories began to appear in late 2006 of a possible Cabinet shuffle that included shifting Ambrose from her environment portfolio. As part of the January 4, 2007 cabinet shuffle, Ambrose was replaced as Environment Minister by John Baird and became Minister of Western Economic Diversification, Minister of Intergovernmental Affairs and President of the Queen's Privy Council for Canada.

Minister of Labour and Minister of Public Works and Government Services

After winning reelection in the 2008 election, Ambrose was appointed Labour Minister on October 30, 2008.[37] On January 19, 2010, Ambrose succeeded Christian Paradis and was appointed as the new Minister of Public Works and Government Services where she introduced a major project to improve the way the government administers its pay and pension systems and "which will modernize service, introduce efficiencies, and improve our stewardship responsibilities in those areas." [38] That system was to be the Phoenix Pay System.[39]

Minister responsible for the Status of Women

On April 9, 2010, Ambrose was also named Minister responsible for the Status of Women after Helena Guergis was dismissed from Cabinet.

The International Day of the Girl Child was formally proposed as a resolution by Canada in the United Nations General Assembly. Rona Ambrose, Canada's Minister for the Status of Women, sponsored the resolution; a delegation of women and girls made presentations in support of the initiative at the 55th United Nations Commission on the Status of Women. On December 19, 2011, the United Nations General Assembly voted to pass a resolution adopting October 11, 2012, as the inaugural International Day of the Girl Child.[40]

On September 26, 2012, Ambrose voted in favour of Motion 312, a motion by Conservative MP Stephen Woodworth that would have directed a Commons committee to revisit the section of the Criminal Code defining at what point human life begins. Viewing the motion as an attempt to re-open debate on abortion laws, Canadian pro-choice groups and Commons opposition parties considered her vote inconsistent with her ministerial role[41][42] and prompted a call for her resignation. The motion was eventually voted down.[43] Ambrose responded to her critics, stating her concern of discrimination against girls that is made possible by sex-selection abortion.[41][42] Pro-Life groups praised Ambrose for supporting the Motion.[44]

Minister of Health

Ambrose at a Trilateral with Mercedes Juan López and Kathleen Sebelius in 2014

In July 2013, Stephen Harper appointed Rona Ambrose as Minister of Health and kept her as Minister of Western Economic Diversification.[45]

While she was an MP, Ambrose worked closely with Nadia Murad, a Yazidi refugee and Nobel Peace Prize winner, in pushing the House of Commons to label the persecution of Yazidis a genocide. She also led the fight for a Canadian refugee program to bring Yazidi women and girls who have been sexually enslaved by ISIS to safety in Canada, which resulted in the rescue of over 1000 women and girls.[46]

On June 11, 2015, she made headlines for being "outraged" that (in a unanimous decision) the Supreme Court of Canada expanded the definition of what constituted medical marijuana to include oils, teas, brownies, etc. from its previous limitation to dried leaves, arguing "Marijuana has never gone through the regulatory approval process at Health Canada, which requires rigorous safety reviews and clinical trials with scientific evidence".[47]

When asked why the testing has not been done when people are taking medical marijuana every day, she responded, "It is not my job as Minister. If there is clinical evidence and a company decided ... to submit it to the regulatory approval process, it would be looked at. That has never happened."[48]

Leader of the Opposition

Stephen Harper resigned as Conservative party leader after the party was defeated by the Liberals in the 2015 election. Ambrose, who was elected in the new riding of Sturgeon River-Parkland—essentially the suburban portion of her old riding–announced that she would run for the interim leadership of the Conservative Party. She was elected to that post on November 5, 2015—becoming the third woman to hold the post.[49]

Ambrose was the third female leader of Canada's major centre-right party. The first was former Prime Minister Kim Campbell[50] who led Canada's now defunct Progressive Conservative Party of Canada, and the second was Deborah Grey, of the former Canadian Alliance. She is also the third woman to be Opposition Leader, after Grey and the NDP's Nycole Turmel. All three of them served in an interim capacity. Under the party constitution, as interim leader she was not eligible to run for the leadership at the subsequent Conservative Party of Canada leadership election.

On November 13, 2015, Ambrose responded to the terrorist attacks in Paris committed by the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. Ambrose stated, "The fight against ISIS (ISIL) requires a strong humanitarian response, but also a military response ... It's important that we remain resolute and support our allies."[51][52][53]

Ambrose supports an inquiry into missing and murdered Indigenous women.[54]

In February 2017, while still a sitting MP, Ambrose introduced Private Member's Bill C-337, An Act to amend the Judges Act and the Criminal Code, also known as the JUST Act. If passed, this bill would require judges in Canada to undergo training on sexual assault law, involving education on rape myths, stereotypes about victims, and the impact of trauma on memory.[55] The JUST Act gained widespread support from experts and victim advocacy groups and was subsequently passed unanimously by the House of Commons. However, the bill did not pass third reading in the Senate, as the Senate rose for Summer 2019 without voting on the JUST Act, resulting in expiration on the order paper, as the order paper is wiped clean for the October 2019 federal election.[56]

Resignation from Parliament

In May 2017, Ambrose announced to her caucus that she would leave federal politics at the end of the spring session of Parliament, in June 2017, several weeks after her successor as Conservative leader is chosen.[57][58]

Post resignation

Ambrose has stated that though she supports the merger of the Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta and the Wildrose Party, she will not be a candidate for the leadership of the proposed new United Conservative Party of Alberta.[59]

She joined the Canada Institute at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, a Washington, D.C. based think tank, as a visiting fellow focused on Canadian–American trade and to lead the organization's campaign to educate officials in both countries about the benefits of an integrated North American economy.[60]

She was also appointed a member of the NAFTA advisory council set up by the Trudeau Liberal government in August 2017.[8]

In 2018, Rona Ambrose and Laureen Harper, wife of former Canadian prime minister Stephen Harper, launched the She Leads Foundation. She Leads is a non-profit organization based in Alberta focused on encouraging women to run for office and participate in public life.[61] Alongside UN Women, Ambrose assisted in the launch of SHEInnovates Alberta, a campaign providing tools necessary to encourage women to seek leadership positions and innovation.[62]

In May 2020, it was announced that Rona Ambrose had joined the board of directors of the e-cigarette company Juul.[63][64]

Personal life

Ambrose is married to J.P. Veitch, a private investment businessman and former rodeo bull rider.[25] She was previously married to Bruce Ambrose from 1994 to 2011.[65][66]

Following Andrew Scheer's resignation after the Conservative loss in the 2019 Canadian federal election, Ambrose faced pressure from many prominent Conservatives to run for party leader in the 2020 leadership race.[67] Ambrose announced she would not run for party leader in January 2020, during a Facebook live stream in the Alberta mountains.[68] She joined the Board of Directors of JUUL Labs Inc in May 2020.[69]

Honours

In 2008, Ambrose was No. 17 on the Western Standard's "Liberty 100" top Canadian "pro-freedom activists, journalists, think-tankers and partisans".[70]

Electoral record

2015 Canadian federal election: Sturgeon River—Parkland
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Conservative	Rona Ambrose	43,220	70.23	−7.26	$98,166.59
	Liberal	Travis Dueck	9,586	15.58	+10.11	$258.78
	New Democratic	Guy Desforges	6,166	10.02	−2.95	$7,730.56
	Green	Brendon Greene	1,875	3.05	−0.95	$3,593.60
	Christian Heritage	Ernest Chauvet	690	1.12	–	$10,477.93
Total valid votes/Expense limit			61,537	100.00		$222,470.71
Total rejected ballots			157	0.25	–
Turnout			61,694	70.91	–
Eligible voters			86,994
	Conservative hold		Swing		−8.68
Source: Elections Canada[71][72]

2011 Canadian federal election: Edmonton—Spruce Grove
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Conservative	Rona Ambrose	41,782	71.10	+2.56	$88,882
	New Democratic	Catherine Chaulk-Stokes	9,272	15.78	+3.30	$50
	Liberal	Chris Austin	5,483	9.33	−2.17	$9,593
	Green	Josh Lund	2,232	3.80	−3.68	$0
Total valid votes/Expense limit			58,769	100.00
Total rejected ballots			146	0.25	+0.08
Turnout			58,915	56.53	+3.01
Eligible voters			104,226	–	–

2008 Canadian federal election: Edmonton—Spruce Grove
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Conservative	Rona Ambrose	36,402	68.54	+1.71	$94,219
	New Democratic	Barbara Phillips	6,627	12.48	+2.00	$10,939
	Liberal	Chris Austin	6,099	11.50	−5.33	$20,611
	Green	Wendy Walker	3,975	7.48	+1.62
Total valid votes/Expense limit			53,103	100.00	$97,141
Total rejected ballots			91	0.17	−0.02
Turnout			53,194	53.52	−9.93
	Conservative hold		Swing		−0.1

2006 Canadian federal election: Edmonton—Spruce Grove
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Conservative	Rona Ambrose	38,826	66.83	+6.43	$67,100
	Liberal	Brad Enge	9,776	16.83	−8.74	$17,620
	New Democratic	Jason Rockwell	6,091	10.48	+1.56	$5,315
	Green	John Lackey	3,404	5.86	+0.77	$2,097
Total valid votes			58,097	100.00
Total rejected ballots			109	0.19	−0.02
Turnout			58,206	63.45	+3.12

2004 Canadian federal election: Edmonton—Spruce Grove
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%	Expenditures
	Conservative	Rona Ambrose	30,497	60.40	–	$73,732
	Liberal	Neil Mather	12,912	25.57	–	$63,512
	New Democratic	Hayley Phillips	4,508	8.92	–	$2,802
	Green	Jerry Paschen	2,572	5.09	–	$154
Total valid votes			50,489	100.00
Total rejected ballots			106	0.21
Turnout			50,595	60.33

References

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70. westernstandard (January 2, 2009). "The Shotgun: Western Standard's "Liberty 100" Top 25 for 2008". Westernstandard.blogs.com. Retrieved January 5, 2012.
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72. Elections Canada – Preliminary Election Expenses Limits for Candidates

External links

• Profile at Parliament of Canada
• Rona Ambrose – Parliament of Canada biography
• Speeches, votes and activity at OpenParliament.ca
• Rona Ambrose on Facebook
• Video of Ambrose on the Rick Mercer Report on YouTube