Radical 213

Radical 213 meaning "turtle" is one of only two of the 214 Kangxi radicals that are composed of 16 strokes.

龜
Radical 213 (U+2FD4)
龜 (U+9F9C) "turtle"
Pronunciations
Pinyin:guī
Bopomofo:ㄍㄨㄟ
Wade–Giles:kuei1
Cantonese Yale:gau1, gwai1, gwan1
Jyutping:gau1, gwai1, gwan1
Japanese Kana:キ, キュー ki, kyū
かめ kame
Sino-Korean:귀, 구 gwi, gu
Names
Japanese name(s):亀 kame
Hangul:거북 geobuk
Stroke order animation

In the Kangxi Dictionary there are only 24 characters (out of 40,000) to be found under this radical.

In Taoist cosmology, 龜 (Polyhedron) is the nature component of the Ba gua diagram 坎 Kǎn.

Characters with Radical 213
strokescharacter
without additional strokes龜 龟
5 additional strokes龝
12 additional strokes龞
21 additional strokes𪛖

Variant characters

There are a number of variant characters that appear different but mean the same thing:

By typefont[1]
Kangxi Dictionary Korea Taiwan China Japan Shinjitai[2] Simplified[2]
龜 龜 龜 龜 龜 亀 龟
Radical 213 in the Shuowen dictionary
Stroke order of Shinjitai of radical 213
Guwen version of radical 213 in Shuowen
Variants of the character 龜, collected ca. 1800 from printed sources.

In Unicode
  • Unicode point U+9F9C: 龜
  • Unicode point U+2FD4: ⿔
Character information
Preview⻱⻲⻳⿔
Unicode nameCJK RADICAL TURTLECJK RADICAL J-SIMPLIFIED TURTLECJK RADICAL C-SIMPLIFIED TURTLEKANGXI RADICAL TURTLE
Encodingsdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhex
Unicode12017U+2EF112018U+2EF212019U+2EF312244U+2FD4
UTF-8226 187 177E2 BB B1226 187 178E2 BB B2226 187 179E2 BB B3226 191 148E2 BF 94
GB 18030129 57 137 5581 39 89 37129 57 137 5681 39 89 38129 57 137 5781 39 89 39129 57 160 5281 39 A0 34
Numeric character reference⻱⻱⻲⻲⻳⻳⿔⿔
Character information
Preview亀龜龟
Unicode nameCJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E80CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F9CCJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F9F
Encodingsdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhex
Unicode20096U+4E8040860U+9F9C40863U+9F9F
UTF-8228 186 128E4 BA 80233 190 156E9 BE 9C233 190 159E9 BE 9F
GB 18030129 11981 77253 148FD 94185 234B9 EA
Numeric character reference亀亀龜龜龟龟
EUC-CN[3]185 234B9 EA
EUC-KR[4] / UHC[5]207 207CF CF
Big5 (generic)[6]192 116C0 74
Big5-HKSCS[7]137 20889 D0192 116C0 74
EUC-KPS-9566[8]209 183D1 B7
Shift JIS[9]139 848B 54234 157EA 9D
EUC-JP[10]181 181B5 B5243 253F3 FD
Character information
Preview龜龜龜
Unicode nameCJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F907CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F908CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FACE
Encodingsdecimalhexdecimalhexdecimalhex
Unicode63751U+F90763752U+F90864206U+FACE
UTF-8239 164 135EF A4 87239 164 136EF A4 88239 171 142EF AB 8E
GB 18030132 48 129 5684 30 81 38132 48 129 5784 30 81 39132 48 173 5084 30 AD 32
Numeric character reference龜龜龜龜龜龜
EUC-KR[4] / UHC[5]208 162D0 A2208 184D0 B8
Big5-HKSCS[7]139 2488B F8
KPS 10721146 12792 7F

Literature
  • Fazzioli, Edoardo. Chinese calligraphy : from pictograph to ideogram : the history of 214 essential Chinese/Japanese characters. calligraphy by Rebecca Hon Ko. New York: Abbeville Press. ISBN 0-89659-774-1.
  • Leyi Li: “Tracing the Roots of Chinese Characters: 500 Cases”. Beijing 1993, ISBN 978-7-5619-0204-2

References
  1. Depending on the fonts installed on your computer, these characters may or may not be displayed correctly on your browser. The 龜 character has minor visual differences between the official typefaces used in Japan, based on the Kangxi Dictionary, and Korea, Taiwan (ROC) and China (PRC). For the China variant, there are no stroke crossings across the "body" of the turtle; drawing the head would follow a similar stroke order pattern to writing "口", with all upper edges being completed before the box is closed at the bottom. As for the variants in Korea, Taiwan and as listed in the Kangxi Dictionary, strokes do cross over the turtle "body", however in different places and in different manners; for the Korea variant, lines over the body only cross vertically at the head, forming two 口 "boxes" where one "overlaps" another, namely the "body" part; for the Kangxi variant, there is the vertical crossing as with the Korea variant, however there are also horizontal crossings over the body so that the "arms" of the turtle joins with the "shell" at the back, rather than the front of the body; the Taiwan variant is similar to the Kangxi variant, only there is a missing line that no longer joins the "shell" with the "tail" of the turtle. The Kangxi, Korea and Taiwan variants all involve a flicked curve at the top of the head, similar in "鱼", whereas the China variant simply has a dot. For the China radical, the "arms" are separate from the "body", and as with the Korea radical, do not have lines which cross the "body". Each variant also employs different types of brush flicks for the tail and the "cross" on the "shell", with each varying in size and direction. The varying thickness of each typeface on some browsers is simply due to the installed font, and does not represent any actual difference in line thickness between the variant characters; hypothetically, each character should have the same line thickness.
  2. 亀 is the simplified variant used in Japan, 龟 is the simplified variant used in Mainland China and Singapore.
  3. "Map (external version) from Mac OS Chinese Simplified encoding to Unicode 3.0 and later". Apple, Inc.
  4. Unicode Consortium; IBM. "IBM-970". International Components for Unicode.
  5. Steele, Shawn (2000). "cp949 to Unicode table". Microsoft / Unicode Consortium.
  6. "Big5:1984 vs Unicode mapping table". Mozilla Taiwan. 2002-02-24.
  7. van Kesteren, Anne. "big5". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.
  8. Unicode Consortium (2011-04-27). "KPS 9566-2003 to Unicode".
  9. Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-03-08]. "Shift-JIS to Unicode".
  10. Unicode Consortium; IBM. "EUC-JP-2007". International Components for Unicode.
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