Nissan ZD engine

The Nissan ZD30 engine family is a 3.0 litres (2,953 cc) inline four cylinder diesel engine with a bore and stroke of 96 mm × 102 mm (3.78 in × 4.02 in), that replaced the Nissan QD, BD and TD engines. At Renault it also replaced the Sofim 8140 engine and is the only truck diesel engine which remained with Nissan Motors when they sold Nissan Diesel to Volvo trucks in 2007.

ZD engine
Overview
ManufacturerNissan Motors
Production1999-present
Layout
ConfigurationInline-4
ValvetrainDOHC 4 valves x cyl.
Combustion
Turbochargeron all but DD-engines
Fuel systemDirect injection
ManagementDrive by wire
Fuel typeDiesel
Cooling systemWater-cooled
Output
Power output77–130 kW (103–174 hp)
Torque output209–540 N⋅m (154–398 lbf⋅ft)

It features a cast-iron crank case, which is horizontally divided in the crank shaft plane into a lower and an upper part. A set of gear driven balance shafts is located slightly higher than the crankshaft, the vacuum pump is placed on the gear cover and driven by the RH (intake side) balance shaft. The Gerotor oil pump is also located on the front side of the crankshaft. A Serpentine belt with hydraulic tensioner powers the a/c compressor, the water pump and (via a freewheeling pulley to reduce squeaking when engine decelerates) the alternator. A Dual-mass flywheel may be used with manual transmissions.

The aluminium-alloy Crossflow cylinder head houses two camshafts (DOHC) driven by a combined gear and chain drive operating 4 valves per cylinder (16 in total) by bucket tappets. Exhaust is on the LH side which makes an “exhaust forward” arrangement when the engine is installed transversally. Even the first series of “mechanical” engines have an ECU with Electronic throttle control (Drive by wire), MAF sensor (not for all engines with 96 kW and below), advanced lube oil monitoring etc. Turbocharged and intercooled engines have Swirl flaps incorporated into the intake manifold to improve combustion at low revs.

The original versions of this engine were introduced in 1999 (MY 2000) utilizing a VP44 distributor injection pump and represent the transition from the former naturally aspirated all mechanical ohv engines with swirl combustion chamber (except the truck engine BD30 with direct injection) to the later 2nd generation common rail DOHC design. The ECU’s functionality has been improved during the life time of this first generation and with the introduction of the later Common Rail engines.

ZD30DD

The base ZD30DD engine was naturally aspirated with a VP44 distributor injection pump, had 77 kW (103 hp) at 3800 rpm and 226 N⋅m (167 lbf⋅ft) at 2000 rpm, compression ratio was 18.5:1. On the Nissan Caravan with manual transmission torque was limited to 209 N⋅m (154 lbf⋅ft)). Application:

ZD30DDT

This engine was supplemented with a turbocharger, non intercooled, 110 kW (150 hp) at 3400 rpm and 314 N⋅m (232 lbf⋅ft) at 2000 rpm, compression ratio 17.9:1. Application:

1st Generation ZD30DDTI (2000-2006)

This engine was upgraded with an intercooler still utilized a VP44 distributor injection pump which may create confusion because later Common Rail engines have the same engine denomination. Several power levels were available.

1.) 89 kW (119 hp) at 3200 rpm, 265 N⋅m (195 lbf⋅ft) at 1600-3200 rpm

2.) 96 kW (129 hp) at 3450 rpm, 265 N⋅m (195 lbf⋅ft) at 1600-3450 rpm

3.) 125 kW (168 hp) at 3600 rpm, 363 N⋅m (268 lbf⋅ft) resp. 333 N⋅m (246 lbf⋅ft) (MT) at 1800 rpm

4.) 125 kW (168 hp) at 3600 rpm, 353 N⋅m (260 lbf⋅ft) at 1800 rpm

2nd Generation ZD30DDTI CRD/Common Rail Injection (07/2007-…)

This major revision of the ZD30 became available in MY 2007. At that time the old, big and heavy TD42TI was withdrawn from the markets due to failing the upcoming EURO IV emission standards and was replaced by the turbocharged and intercooled more powerful ZD30DDTI engine with the then new Common Rail Injection. Bosch injection equipment was utilized with a 1600 bar system pressure and an improved ECU. Compression ratio was 17.9:1, to keep emissions low a hot EGR with heat exchanger was also installed.[1] Since the engine is still on sale in 2020 and conforming to Euro VI with the help of SCR there must have been further improvements but details are not known. Presumably common rail versions without turbocharger and intercooler were not offered because they may fail emission standards.

1.) Surprisingly the common rail ZD30 engines were first seen on Renault Master and Renault Mascott in 2004, three years before the introduction by Nissan itself. The Renault Master is the only known transversal installation of this engine. By Renault the engines may have been named ZD3 or DXI 3.

  • 2003-~2007 Renault Master, 100 kW (130 hp) at 3600 rpm and 320 N⋅m (240 lbf⋅ft) at 1800 rpm
  • 2004-2007 Renault Mascott, 85 kW (114 hp) at 3600 rpm, 270 N⋅m (200 lbf⋅ft) at 1300 rpm
  • 2004-2007 Renault Mascott, 115 kW (154 hp) at 3600 rpm, 350 N⋅m (260 lbf⋅ft) at 1500 rpm

2.) Initially this power level offered 96 kW (129 hp) at 3600 rpm, 260 N⋅m (190 lbf⋅ft) at 1600-3400 rpm, but was slightly improved to 96 kW (129 hp) at 3400 rpm, 300 N⋅m (220 lbf⋅ft) at 1100-3000 rpm while engines were modified to comply with stricter emission requirements (Euro VI at present).

3.) Initially this power level offered 110 kW (150 hp) at 3600 rpm, 350 N⋅m (260 lbf⋅ft) at 1600 rpm, but was slightly improved to 110 kW (150 hp) at 3400 rpm, 350 N⋅m (260 lbf⋅ft) at 1800-2500 rpm or 2000 rpm while engines were modified to comply with stricter emission requirements.

ZD30DDTT

This engine is based on the 2nd generation ZD30DDTI but features twin turbo charging, Euro VI, 130 kW (170 hp) at 2600 rpm, 540 N⋅m (400 lbf⋅ft) at 1400-2200 rpm.

  • 2013-~2018 Nissan NT500 (successor of the Atleon)

Remark

There is also a ZD25 engine built in China, where it is also known as the DK4A diesel engine. With a 92 mm × 94 mm (3.6 in × 3.7 in) bore and stroke, it displaces 2,498 cc (2.5 L) and produces 75 kW (102 PS) in with common rail injection and an intercooler.

See also

List of Nissan engines

References
  1. Nissan Australia Learning Academy (2008-07-01). "Manual engine ZD30 nissan". Retrieved 2020-07-30.
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