List of cervids

IUCN Red List categories
Conservation status
EX	Extinct (1 species)
EW	Extinct in the wild (1 species)
CR	Critically endangered (2 species)
EN	Endangered (5 species)
VU	Vulnerable (16 species)
NT	Near threatened (4 species)
LC	Least concern (12 species)
Other categories
DD	Data deficient (9 species)
NE	Not evaluated (1 species)

Cervidae is a family of hoofed ruminant mammals in the order Artiodactyla. A member of this family is called a deer or a cervid. They are widespread throughout North and South America, Europe, and Asia, and are found in a wide variety of biomes. Most species do not have population estimates, though several are considered endangered or critically endangered, one, Père David's deer, is extinct in the wild, and one, Schomburgk's deer, went extinct in the 20th century.

Eight cervid species (clockwise from top left): red deer (Cervus elaphus), sika deer (Cervus nippon), barasingha (Rucervus duvaucelii), reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), grey brocket (Mazama gouazoubira), elk (Cervus canadensis), and pudú (Mapudungun püdü)

The 51 species of Cervidae are split into 21 genera within 3 subfamilies: Capreolinae, or New World deer; Cervinae, or Old World deer; and Hydropotinae, comprising the water deer. Extinct species have also been placed into Capreolinae and Cervinae, as well as the extinct subfamily Procervulinae. Over one hundred extinct Cervidae species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.

Conventions

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the cervid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN red list for that species unless otherwise noted. All extinct species or subspecies listed alongside extant species went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a dagger symbol "".

Classification

The family Cervidae consists of 51 extant species belonging to 21 genera in 3 subfamilies and divided into dozens of extant subspecies. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Additionally, one species, Schomburgk's deer, went extinct in the 20th century.

Subfamily Capreolinae (New World deer)
- Genus Alces: one species
- Genus Blastocerus: one species
- Genus Capreolus: two species
- Genus Hippocamelus: two species
- Genus Mazama: nine species
- Genus Odocoileus: two species
- Genus Ozotoceros: one species
- Genus Pudu: two species
- Genus Rangifer: one species
Subfamily Cervinae (Old World deer)
- Genus Axis: one species
- Genus Cervus: two species
- Genus Dama: one species
- Genus Elaphodus: one species
- Genus Elaphurus: one species
- Genus Hyelaphus: four species
- Genus Muntiacus: eleven species
- Genus Przewalskium: one species
- Genus Rucervus: two species
- Genus Rusa: four species
Subfamily Hydropotinae
- Genus Hydropotes: one species

Cervids

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis. This includes merging the two moose species of Alcus into one and splitting out the genus Hyelaphus from Axis. There are several additional proposals which are disputed, such as splitting out the monotypic Panolia genus from Rucervus, combining the monotypic subfamily Hydropotinae with Capreolinae, combining the montypic genus Przewalskium with Cervus, or the addition of the fair brocket to the Mazama genus, which are not included here.[1][2]

Subfamily Capreolinae

Genus **Alces** (Gray, 1821) – two species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Moose	A. alces Linnaeus, 1758 Nine subspecies A. a. alces (European elk) A. a. americanus (Eastern moose) A. a. andersoni (Western moose) A. a. buturlini (Chukotka elk) A. a. caucasicus (Caucasian moose) A. a. cameloides (Ussuri elk) A. a. gigas (Alaskan moose) A. a. pfizenmayeri (Yakutia elk) A. a. shirasi (Shiras' moose)		Size: Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands[3] Diet: [3]	LC Unknown [3]

Genus **Blastocerus** (, ) – one species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Marsh deer	B. dichotomus Illiger, 1815		Size: Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, and inland wetlands[4] Diet: [4]	VU Unknown [4]

Genus **Capreolus** (Gray, 1821) – two species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Roe deer	C. capreolus Linnaeus, 1758 Four subspecies C. c. capreolus C. c. canus C. c. caucasicus C. c. italicus		Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands[5] Diet: [5]	LC 15,000,000 [5]
Siberian roe deer	C. pygargus Pallas, 1771 Four subspecies C. p. pygargus C. p. bedfordi C. p. mantschuricus C. p. ochraceus		Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands[6] Diet: [6]	LC Unknown [6]

Genus **Hippocamelus** (Leuckart, 1816) – two species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Taruca	H. antisensis d'Orbigny, 1834		Size: Habitat: Shrubland, grassland, rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks), and other[7] Diet: [7]	VU 4,162-5,750 [7]
South Andean deer	H. bisulcus Molina, 1782		Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, mountain peaks), and desert[8] Diet: [8]	EN 1,048-1,500 [8]

Genus **Mazama** (Rafinesque, 1817) – nine species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Red brocket	M. americana Erxleben, 1777 Twelve subspecies M. a. americana M. a. carrikeri M. a. gualea M. a. jucunda M. a. rosii M. a. rufa M. a. sarae M. a. sheila M. a. trinitatis M. a. whitelyi M. a. zamora M. a. zetta	Size: Habitat: Forest[9] Diet: [9]	DD Unknown [9]
Small red brocket	M. bororo Duarte, 1996	Size: Habitat: Forest[10] Diet: [10]	VU 8,500 [10]
Mérida brocket	M. bricenii Thomas, 1908	Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, and mountain peaks)[11] Diet: [11]	VU Unknown [11]
Dwarf brocket	M. chunyi Hershkovitz, 1959	Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland[12] Diet: [12]	VU Unknown [12]
Gray brocket	M. gouazoubira Fischer von Waldheim, 1814 Eleven subspecies M. g. gouazoubira M. g. cita M. g. medemi M. g. mexianae M. g. murelia M. g. nemorivaga M. g. permira M. g. sanctaemartae M. g. rondoni M. g. superciliaris M. g. tschudii	Size: Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, and inland wetlands[13] Diet: [13]	LC Unknown [13]
Pygmy brocket	M. nana Hensel, 1872	Size: Habitat: Forest[14] Diet: [14]	VU Unknown [14]
Yucatan brown brocket	M. pandora Merriam, 1901	Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland[15] Diet: [15]	VU Unknown [15]
Little red brocket	M. rufina Bourcier, Pucheran, 1852	Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland[16] Diet: [16]	VU Unknown [16]
Central American red brocket	M. temama Kerr, 1792 Three subspecies M. t. temama M. t. cerasina M. t. reperticia	Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands[17] Diet: [17]	DD Unknown [17]

Genus **Odocoileus** (Rafinesque, 1832) – two species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Mule deer	O. hemionus Rafinesque, 1817 Ten subspecies O. h. hemionus O. h. californicus (California mule deer) O. h. cerrosensis (Cedros Island mule deer) O. h. columbianus (Black-tailed deer) O. h. eremicus O. h. fuliginatus O. h. inyoensis O. h. peninsulae O. h. sheldoni O. h. sitkensis (Sitka deer)		Size: Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, desert, and intertidal marine[18] Diet: [18]	LC Unknown [18]
White-tailed deer	O. virginianus Rafinesque, 1832 38 subspecies O. v. virginianus O. v. acapulcensis O. v. borealis O. v. cariacou O. v. carminis O. v. chiriquensis O. v. clavium (Key deer) O. v. couesi O. v. curassavicus O. v. dacotensis O. v. goudotii O. v. gymnotis O. v. hiltonensis (Hilton Head white-tailed deer) O. v. leucurus (Columbian white-tailed deer) O. v. macrourus O. v. mcilhennyi O. v. margaritae O. v. mexicanus O. v. miquihuanensis O. v. nelsoni O. v. nemoralis O. v. nigribarbis O. v. oaxacensis O. v. ochrourus O. v. osceola O. v. peruvianus O. v. rothschildi O. v. seminolus O. v. sinaloae O. v. taurinsulae O. v. texanus O. v. thomasi O. v. toltecus O. v. tropicalis O. v. ustus O. v. venatorius O. v. veraecrucis O. v. yucatanensis		Size: 150–200 cm (59–79 in) long, plus 10–28 cm (4–11 in) tail[19] Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, desert, neritic marine, intertidal marine, and coastal marine[20] Diet: [20]	LC Unknown [20]

Genus **Ozotoceros** (, ) – one species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Pampas deer	O. bezoarticus Linnaeus, 1758 Five subspecies O. b. bezoarticus O. b. arerunguaensis O. b. celer O. b. leucogaster O. b. uruguayensis		Size: Habitat: Savanna, grassland, and inland wetlands[21] Diet: [21]	NT 20,000-80,000 [21]

Genus **Pudu** (Gray, 1852) – two species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Northern pudú	P. mephistophiles Winton, 1896		Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland[22] Diet: [22]	DD Unknown [22]
Southern pudú	P. puda Molina, 1782		Size: Habitat: Forest and shrubland[23] Diet: [23]	NT Unknown [23]

Genus **Rangifer** (H. Smith, 1827) – one species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Reindeer	R. tarandus Linnaeus, 1758 Fourteen subspecies R. t. tarandus (Mountain reindeer) R. t. buskensis R. t. caboti R. t. caribou R. t. dawsoni (Queen Charlotte Islands caribou) R. t. fennicus (Finnish forest reindeer) R. t. groenlandicus (Barren-ground caribou) R. t. osborni R. t. pearsoni R. t. pearyi (Peary caribou) R. t. phylarchus R. t. platyrhynchus (Svalbard reindeer) R. t. sibiricus R. t. terraenovae		Size: Habitat: Forest and grassland[24] Diet: [24]	VU 2,890,400 [24]

Subfamily Cervinae

Genus **Axis** (H. Smith, 1827) – one species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Chital	A. axis Erxleben, 1777		Size: Habitat: Forest, savanna, and grassland[25] Diet: [25]	LC Unknown [25]

Genus **Cervus** (Linnaeus, 1758) – two species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Red deer	C. elaphus Linnaeus, 1758 Eighteen subspecies C. e. elaphus C. e. alashanicus C. e. atlanticus (Norwegian red deer) C. e. barbarus (Barbary stag) C. e. brauneri C. e. canadensis C. e. corsicanus (Corsican red deer) C. e. hanglu C. e. hispanicus (Spanish red deer) C. e. kansuensis C. e. macneilli C. e. maral (Caspian red deer) C. e. nannodes C. e. pannoniensis C. e. songaricus C. e. wallichii C. e. xanthopygus C. e. yarkandensis (Yarkand deer)		Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs, and mountain peaks)[26] Diet: [26]	LC Unknown [26]
Sika deer	C. nippon Temminck, 1838 Sixteen subspecies C. n. nippon C. n. aplodontus C. n. grassianus (Shanxi sika deer) C. n. hortulorum C. n. keramae (Kerama deer) C. n. kopschi (South China sika deer) C. n. mageshimae C. n. mandarinus (North China sika deer) C. n. mantchuricus (Manchurian sika deer) C. n. pseudaxis (Vietnamese sika deer) C. n. pulchellus C. n. sichuanicus (Sichuan sika deer) C. n. soloensis C. n. taiouanus (Formosan sika deer) C. n. yakushimae C. n. yesoensis (Yezo sika deer)	East Asia	Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland[27] Diet: [27]	LC Unknown [27]

Genus **Dama** (, ) – one species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Fallow deer	D. dama Linnaeus, 1758 Two subspecies D. d. dama D. d. mesopotamica		Size: 1.3–1.75 cm (1–1 in) long, plus 15–23 cm (6–9 in) tail[28] Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland[29] Diet: [29]	LC Unknown [29]

Genus **Elaphodus** (, ) – one species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Tufted deer	E. cephalophus H. Milne-Edwards, 1872 Four subspecies E. c. cephalophus E. c. fociensis E. c. ichangensis E. c. michianus	Central China and northeastern Myanmar	Size: Habitat: Forest and shrubland[30] Diet: [30]	NT Unknown [30]

Genus **Elaphurus** (, ) – one species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Père David's deer	E. davidianus Milne-Edwards, 1866	China	Size: Habitat: Grassland, inland wetlands, and intertidal marine[31] Diet: [31]	EW Unknown [31]

Genus **Hyelaphus** (, ) – four species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Indochinese hog deer	H. annamiticus Heude, 1888	Southeast Asia	Size: Habitat: Diet:	NE Unknown
Calamian deer	H. calamianensis Heude, 1888	Calamian Islands of the Philippines	Size: Habitat: Forest, savanna, and grassland[32] Diet: [32]	EN Unknown [32]
Bawean deer	H. kuhlii Müller, 1840		Size: Habitat: Forest and grassland[33] Diet: [33]	CR 200-500 [33]
Indian hog deer	H. porcinus Zimmermann, 1780 Two subspecies A. p. porcinus A. p. annamiticus		Size: Habitat: Savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands[34] Diet: [34]	EN Unknown [34]

Genus **Muntiacus** (Rafinesque, 1815) – eleven species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Bornean yellow muntjac	M. atherodes Groves, Grubb, 1982	Size: Habitat: Forest[35] Diet: [35]	NT Unknown [35]
Hairy-fronted muntjac	M. crinifrons P. L. Sclater, 1885	Size: Habitat: Forest and shrubland[36] Diet: [36]	VU Unknown [36]
Fea's muntjac	M. feae Thomas, Doria, 1889	Size: Habitat: Forest[37] Diet: [37]	DD Unknown [37]
Gongshan muntjac	M. gongshanensis ,	Size: Habitat: Forest[38] Diet: [38]	DD Unknown [38]
Indian muntjac	M. muntjak Zimmermann, 1780 Eleven subspecies M. m. muntjak M. m. annamensis M. m. aureus M. m. curvostylis M. m. guangdongensis M. m. malabaricus M. m. menglalis M. m. montanus M. m. nigripes M. m. vaginalis M. m. yunnanensis	Size: Habitat: Forest[39] Diet: [39]	LC Unknown [39]
Pu Hoat muntjac	M. puhoatensis ,	Size: Habitat: Forest[40] Diet: [40]	DD Unknown [40]
Leaf muntjac	M. putaoensis ,	Size: Habitat: Forest[41] Diet: [41]	DD Unknown [41]
Reeves's muntjac	M. reevesi Ogilby, 1839 Three subspecies M. r. reevesi M. r. jiangkouensis M. r. micrurus	Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland[42] Diet: [42]	LC Unknown [42]
Roosevelt's muntjac	M. rooseveltorum Osgood, 1932	Size: Habitat: Forest[43] Diet: [43]	DD Unknown [43]
Truong Son muntjac	M. truongsonensis ,	Size: Habitat: Forest[44] Diet: [44]	DD Unknown [44]
Giant muntjac	M. vuquangensis ,	Size: Habitat: Forest[45] Diet: [45]	CR Unknown [45]

Genus **Przewalskium** (, ) – one species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Thorold's deer	P. albirostris Przhevalsky, 1883		Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland[46] Diet: [46]	VU Unknown [46]

Genus **Rucervus** (Hodgson, 1838) – three species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Barasingha	R. duvaucelii Cuvier, 1823 Three subspecies R. d. duvaucelii R. d. branderi R. d. ranjitsinhi	Size: Habitat: Forest, savanna, grassland, and inland wetlands[47] Diet: [47]	VU Unknown [47]
Eld's deer	R. eldii McClelland, 1842 Three subspecies R. e. eldii (Sangai) R. e. siamensis (Burmese brow-antlered deer) R. e. thamin (Thai brow-antlered deer)	Size: Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands[48] Diet: [48]	EN Unknown [48]
Schomburgk's deer	R. schomburgki Blyth, 1863	Size: Habitat: Grassland and inland wetlands[49] Diet: [49]	EX 0-0 [49]

Genus **Rusa** (H. Smith, 1827) – four species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Visayan spotted deer	R. alfredi P. L. Sclater, 1870	Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, and grassland[50] Diet: [50]	EN 700 [50]
Philippine deer	R. marianna Desmarest, 1822 Four subspecies R. m. marianna R. m. barandana R. m. nigella R. m. nigricans	Size: Habitat: Forest and grassland[51] Diet: [51]	VU Unknown [51]
Javan rusa	R. timorensis Blainville, 1822 Seven subspecies R. t. timorensis R. t. djonga R. t. floresiensis R. t. macassaricus R. t. moluccensis R. t. renschi R. t. russa	Size: Habitat: Forest, savanna, and grassland[52] Diet: [52]	VU 9,999 [52]
Sambar deer	R. unicolor Kerr, 1792 Seven subspecies R. u. unicolor (Sri Lankan sambar deer) R. u. brookei R. u. cambojensis R. u. dejeani R. u. equina R. u. hainana R. u. swinhoii	Size: Habitat: Forest, savanna, shrubland, grassland, and inland wetlands[53] Diet: [53]	VU Unknown [53]

Subfamily Hydropotinae

Genus **Hydropotes** (, ) – one species
Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Water deer	H. inermis Swinhoe, 1870 Two subspecies H. i. inermis H. i. argyropus		Size: Habitat: Forest, shrubland, grassland, inland wetlands, and intertidal marine[54] Diet: [54]	VU Unknown [54]

Prehistoric cervids

In addition to extant deer, a number of prehistoric species have been discovered and classified as a part of Cervidae. In addition to being placed within the extant subfamilies Capreolinae and Cervinae, they have been categorized within the extinct subfamily Procervulinae.

Subfamily Capreolinae (New World or telemetecarpal deer)
- Tribe Capreolini
  - Genus Bretzia[55]
    - B. pseudalces
    - B. nebrascensis
  - Genus Capreolus
    - C. constantini
    - C. suessenbornensis
  - Genus Cervalces (?= Alces)
    - C. latifrons
    - C. scotti
  - Genus Libralces (?=Cervalces or Alces)
    - L. gallicus
    - L. reynoldsi
  - Genus Procapreolus[56]
    - P. cusanus
    - P. moldavicus
    - P. stenos
    - P. ucrainicus
  - Genus Pseudalces[57]
    - P. mirandus
    - P. wenzensis
- Tribe Rangiferini
  - Genus Agalmaceros
    - A. blicki
  - Genus Antifer
    - A. ultra
    - A. crassus
  - Genus Blastocerus
    - B. extraneus
    - B. arpeitianus
  - Genus Charitoceros[58]
  - Genus Eocoileus[59]
    - E. gentryorum
  - Genus Epieuryceros[60]
    - E. proximus
    - E. truncus
  - Genus Morenelaphus
    - M. lujanensis
    - M. brachyceros
    - M. fragilis
  - Genus Odocoileus
    - O. brachyodontus
    - O. dolichopsis
    - O. laevicornis
    - O. sellardsiae
    - O. lucasi
  - Genus Torontoceros
    - T. hypocaeus
Subfamily Cervinae (Old World deer)
- Tribe Muntiacini (Muntjacs)
  - Genus Dicrocerus
    - D. elegans
    - D. furcatus
    - D. necatus
    - D. teres
    - D. trilateralis
  - Genus Euprox[61]
    - E. robustus
    - E. furcatus
  - Genus Eustyloceros[62]
    - E. blainvillei
    - E. hezhengensis
    - E. longchuanensis
    - E. maci
    - E. pidoplitschkoi
    - E. propria
  - Genus Muntiacus
    - M. leilaoensis
    - M. pliocaenicus
    - M. polonicus
  - Genus Paracervulus[63]
  - Genus Stephanocemas[64]
    - S. actauensis
    - S. aralensis
    - S. chinghaiensis
    - S. palmatus
    - S. rucha
    - S. thomsoni
- Tribe Cervini ("true" deer)
  - Genus Arvernoceros[65]
    - A. giuli
  - Genus Axis
    - A. nesti
    - A. eurygonos
  - Genus Candiacervus (sometimes considered a subgenus as Megaloceros or synonym of Praemegaceros; Possibly polyphyletic)
    - C. rethymnensis
    - C. major
    - C. dorothensis
    - C. ropalophorus
    - C. cretensis
  - Genus Cervavitus (?subgenus as Megaloceros)
  - Genus Cervus
    - C. ertborni
    - C. falconeri
    - C. giganteus
    - C. rhenanus
    - C. lascrucensis
  - Genus Croizetoceros[66]
    - C. ramosus
  - Genus Dama[67]
    - D. dolichopsis
    - D. ensifer
    - D. laevicornis
    - D. virginiana
    - D. whitneyi
  - Genus Elaphurus
    - E. formosanus
    - E. meziesianus
    - E. bifurcatus
    - E. shikamai
  - Genus Eucladoceros
    - Eucladoceros tetraceros
  - Genus Megaloceros
    - M. antecedens
    - M. giganteus
  - Genus Neomegaloceros[68]
  - Genus Nesoleipoceros
  - Genus Orchonoceros (sometimes considered a subgenus as Megaloceros)
  - Genus Pliocervus[69]
  - Genus Praemegaceros (sometimes considered a subgenus as Megaloceros)
    - P. obscurus
    - P. dawkinsi
    - P. savini
    - P. verticornis
    - P. cazioti
  - Genus Praesinomegaceros (sometimes considered a subgenus as Megaloceros)
    - P. venustus
    - P. asiaticus
  - Genus Pseudodama[70]
  - Genus Sinomegaceros (sometimes considered a subgenus as Megaloceros)
    - S. luochuanensis
    - S. pachyosteus
Subfamily Procervulinae (Miocene)[71]
- Genus Procervulus
  - P. dichotoma

References

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Marc G.M. van Roosmalen (2015). "Hotspot of new megafauna found in the Central Amazon: the lower Rio Aripuanã Basin" (PDF). Biodiversity Journal. 6 (1): 219–244.
Hundertmark, K. (2016). "Alces alces". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T56003281A22157381. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T56003281A22157381.en.
Duarte, J. M. B; Varela, D.; Piovezan, U.; Beccaceci, M. D.; Garcia, J. E. (2016). "Blastocerus dichotomus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2828A22160916. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T2828A22160916.en.
Lovari, S.; Herrero, J.; Masseti, M.; Ambarli, H.; Lorenzini, R.; Giannatos, G. (2016). "Capreolus capreolus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42395A22161386. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42395A22161386.en.
Lovari, S.; Masseti, M.; Lorenzini, R. (2016). "Capreolus pygargus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42396A22161884. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42396A22161884.en.
Barrio, J.; Nuñez, A.; Pacheco, L.; Regidor, H. A.; Fuentes-Allende, N. (2017). "Hippocamelus antisensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T10053A22158621. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T10053A22158621.en.
Black-Decima, P. A.; Corti, P.; Díaz, N.; Fernandez, R.; Geist, V.; Gill, R.; Gizejewski, Z.; Jiménez, J.; Pastore, H.; Saucedo, C.; Wittmer, H. (2016). "Hippocamelus bisulcus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T10054A22158895. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T10054A22158895.en.
Duarte, J. M. B; Vogliotti, A. (2016). "Mazama americana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29619A22154827. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T29619A22154827.en.
Vogliotti, A.; Oliveira, M. L.; Duarte, J. M. B. (2016). "Mazama bororo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41023A22155086. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41023A22155086.en.
Lizcano, D. J.; Alvarez, S. J. (2016). "Mazama bricenii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136301A22165039. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136301A22165039.en.
Rumiz, D. I.; Barrio, J. (2016). "Mazama chunyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T12913A22165860. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T12913A22165860.en.
Black-Decima, P. A.; Vogliotti, A. (2016). "Mazama gouazoubira". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29620A22154584. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T29620A22154584.en.
Duarte, J. M. B; Vogliotti, A.; Cartes, J. L.; Oliveira, M. L. (2015). "Mazama nana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T29621A22154379. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T29621A22154379.en.
Weber, M.; de Grammont, P. C.; Cuarón, A. D. (2016). "Mazama pandora". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29622A22154219. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T29622A22154219.en.
Lizcano, D. and Alvarez; S. J. (2016). "Mazama rufina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T12914A22165586. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T12914A22165586.en.
Bello, J.; Reyna, R.; Schipper, J. (2016). "Mazama temama". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136290A22164644. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136290A22164644.en.
Sanchez Rojas, G. and Gallina Tessaro; S. (2016). "Odocoileus hemionus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42393A22162113. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42393A22162113.en.
Dewey, Tanya (2003). "Odocoileus virginianus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Retrieved November 28, 2020.
Gallina, S. and Lopez Arevalo; H. (2016). "Odocoileus virginianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42394A22162580. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42394A22162580.en.
González, S.; Jackson, III; J. J., Merino; M. L. (2016). "Ozotoceros bezoarticus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T15803A22160030. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15803A22160030.en.
Barrio, J.; Tirira, D. G. (2019). "Pudu mephistophiles". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T18847A22163836. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T18847A22163836.en.
Silva-Rodríguez, E; Pastore, H.; Jiménez, J. (2016). "Pudu puda". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T18848A22164089. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T18848A22164089.en.
Gunn, A. (2016). "Rangifer tarandus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29742A22167140. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T29742A22167140.en.
Duckworth, J. W.; Kumar, N. S.; Anwarul Islam, M.; Sagar Baral, H.; Timmins, R. (2015). "Axis axis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41783A22158006. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T41783A22158006.en.
Lovari, S.; Lorenzini, R.; Masseti, M.; Pereladova, O.; Carden, R. F.; Brook, S. M.; Mattioli, S. (2018). "Cervus elaphus (errata version published in 2019)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T55997072A142404453. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T55997072A142404453.en.
Harris, R. B. (2015). "Cervus nippon". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41788A22155877. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T41788A22155877.en.
Dharmani, Aarti (2000). "Dama dama". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Retrieved November 28, 2020.
Masseti, M.; Mertzanidou, D. (2008). "Dama dama". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T42188A10656554. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T42188A10656554.en.
Harris, R. B.; Jiang, Z. (2015). "Elaphodus cephalophus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T7112A22159620. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T7112A22159620.en.
Jiang, Z.; Harris, R. B. (2016). "Elaphurus davidianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T7121A22159785. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T7121A22159785.en.
Widmann, P.; Lastica, E. (2015). "Axis calamianensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T2446A22156678. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T2446A22156678.en.
Semiadi, G.; Duckworth, J. W.; Timmins, R. (2015). "Axis kuhlii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T2447A73071875. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T2447A73071875.en.
Timmins, R.; Duckworth, J. W.; Samba Kumar, N.; Anwarul Islam, M.; Sagar Baral, H.; Long, B.; Maxwell, A. (2015). "Axis porcinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41784A22157664. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T41784A22157664.en.
Timmins, R. J.; Belden, G.; Brodie, J.; Ross, J.; Wilting, A.; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus atherodes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42189A22166396. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42189A22166396.en.
Timmins, R.; Chan, B. (2016). "Muntiacus crinifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T13924A22160753. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13924A22160753.en.
Timmins, R.; Steinmetz, R.; Chutipong, W. (2016). "Muntiacus feae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T13927A22160266. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13927A22160266.en.
Timmins, R.; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus gongshanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T13926A22160596. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13926A22160596.en.
Timmins, R. J.; Duckworth, J. W.; Hedges, S. (2016). "Muntiacus muntjak". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42190A56005589. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42190A56005589.en.
Timmins, J; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus puhoatensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136293A22164930. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136293A22164930.en.
Timmins, R. J.; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus putaoensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136479A22159478. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136479A22159478.en.
Timmins, J; Chan, B. (2016). "Muntiacus reevesi (errata version published in 2020)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42191A170905827. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42191A170905827.en.
Timmins, R.; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus rooseveltorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T13928A22160435. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13928A22160435.en.
Timmins, R.; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus truongsonensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T44704A22154056. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T44704A22154056.en.
Timmins, R. J.; Duckworth, J. W.; Robichaud, W.; Long, B.; Gray, T. N. E.; Tilker, A. (2016). "Muntiacus vuquangensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T44703A22153828. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T44703A22153828.en.
Harris, R. B. (2015). "Cervus albirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4256A61976756. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T4256A61976756.en.
Duckworth, J. W.; Kumar, N. S.; Pokharel, C. P.; Sagar Baral, H.; Timmins, R. (2015). "Rucervus duvaucelii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4257A22167675. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T4257A22167675.en.
Gray, T. N. E.; Brook, S. M.; McShea, W. J.; Mahood, S.; Ranjitsingh, M. K.; Miyunt, A.; Hussain, S. A.; Timmins, R. (2015). "Rucervus eldii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4265A22166803. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T4265A22166803.en.
Duckworth, J. W.; Robichaud, W.; Timmins, R. (2015). "Rucervus schomburgki". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4288A79818502. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-3.RLTS.T4288A79818502.en.
Brook, S. M. (2016). "Rusa alfredi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T4273A22168782. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T4273A22168782.en.
MacKinnon, J. R.; Ong, P.; Gonzales, J. (2015). "Rusa marianna". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4274A22168586. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T4274A22168586.en.
Hedges, S.; Duckworth, J. W.; Timmins, R.; Semiadi, G.; Dryden, G. (2015). "Rusa timorensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41789A22156866. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T41789A22156866.en.
Timmins, R.; Kawanishi, K.; Giman, B; Lynam, A.; Chan, B.; Steinmetz, R.; Sagar Baral, H.; Samba Kumar, N. (2015). "Rusa unicolor (errata version published in 2015)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41790A85628124. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T41790A22156247.en.{{cite iucn}}: error: |doi= / |page= mismatch (help)
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[1] Randi, E.; Mucci, N.; Pierpaoli, M.; Douzery, E. (1998). "New phylogenetic perspectives on the Cervidae (Artiodactyla) are provided by the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 265 (1398): 793–801. doi:10.1098/rspb.1998.0362. PMC 1689037. PMID 9628037.

[Roosmalen-2] Marc G.M. van Roosmalen (2015). "Hotspot of new megafauna found in the Central Amazon: the lower Rio Aripuanã Basin" (PDF). Biodiversity Journal. 6 (1): 219–244.

[IUCNMoose-3] Hundertmark, K. (2016). "Alces alces". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T56003281A22157381. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T56003281A22157381.en.

[IUCNMarshdeer-4] Duarte, J. M. B; Varela, D.; Piovezan, U.; Beccaceci, M. D.; Garcia, J. E. (2016). "Blastocerus dichotomus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T2828A22160916. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T2828A22160916.en.

[IUCNRoedeer-5] Lovari, S.; Herrero, J.; Masseti, M.; Ambarli, H.; Lorenzini, R.; Giannatos, G. (2016). "Capreolus capreolus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42395A22161386. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42395A22161386.en.

[IUCNSiberianroedeer-6] Lovari, S.; Masseti, M.; Lorenzini, R. (2016). "Capreolus pygargus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42396A22161884. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42396A22161884.en.

[IUCNTaruca-7] Barrio, J.; Nuñez, A.; Pacheco, L.; Regidor, H. A.; Fuentes-Allende, N. (2017). "Hippocamelus antisensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T10053A22158621. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-2.RLTS.T10053A22158621.en.

[IUCNSouthAndeandeer-8] Black-Decima, P. A.; Corti, P.; Díaz, N.; Fernandez, R.; Geist, V.; Gill, R.; Gizejewski, Z.; Jiménez, J.; Pastore, H.; Saucedo, C.; Wittmer, H. (2016). "Hippocamelus bisulcus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T10054A22158895. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T10054A22158895.en.

[IUCNRedbrocket-9] Duarte, J. M. B; Vogliotti, A. (2016). "Mazama americana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29619A22154827. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T29619A22154827.en.

[IUCNSmallredbrocket-10] Vogliotti, A.; Oliveira, M. L.; Duarte, J. M. B. (2016). "Mazama bororo". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T41023A22155086. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T41023A22155086.en.

[IUCNMéridabrocket-11] Lizcano, D. J.; Alvarez, S. J. (2016). "Mazama bricenii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136301A22165039. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136301A22165039.en.

[IUCNDwarfbrocket-12] Rumiz, D. I.; Barrio, J. (2016). "Mazama chunyi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T12913A22165860. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T12913A22165860.en.

[IUCNGraybrocket-13] Black-Decima, P. A.; Vogliotti, A. (2016). "Mazama gouazoubira". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29620A22154584. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T29620A22154584.en.

[IUCNPygmybrocket-14] Duarte, J. M. B; Vogliotti, A.; Cartes, J. L.; Oliveira, M. L. (2015). "Mazama nana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T29621A22154379. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T29621A22154379.en.

[IUCNYucatanbrownbrocket-15] Weber, M.; de Grammont, P. C.; Cuarón, A. D. (2016). "Mazama pandora". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29622A22154219. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T29622A22154219.en.

[IUCNLittleredbrocket-16] Lizcano, D. and Alvarez; S. J. (2016). "Mazama rufina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T12914A22165586. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T12914A22165586.en.

[IUCNCentralAmericanredbrocket-17] Bello, J.; Reyna, R.; Schipper, J. (2016). "Mazama temama". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136290A22164644. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T136290A22164644.en.

[IUCNMuledeer-18] Sanchez Rojas, G. and Gallina Tessaro; S. (2016). "Odocoileus hemionus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42393A22162113. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42393A22162113.en.

[ADWWhite-taileddeer-19] Dewey, Tanya (2003). "Odocoileus virginianus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Retrieved November 28, 2020.

[IUCNWhite-taileddeer-20] Gallina, S. and Lopez Arevalo; H. (2016). "Odocoileus virginianus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42394A22162580. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42394A22162580.en.

[IUCNPampasdeer-21] González, S.; Jackson, III; J. J., Merino; M. L. (2016). "Ozotoceros bezoarticus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T15803A22160030. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T15803A22160030.en.

[IUCNPudumephistophiles-22] Barrio, J.; Tirira, D. G. (2019). "Pudu mephistophiles". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T18847A22163836. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T18847A22163836.en.

[IUCNSouthernpudú-23] Silva-Rodríguez, E; Pastore, H.; Jiménez, J. (2016). "Pudu puda". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T18848A22164089. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T18848A22164089.en.

[IUCNReindeer-24] Gunn, A. (2016). "Rangifer tarandus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T29742A22167140. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T29742A22167140.en.

[IUCNChital-25] Duckworth, J. W.; Kumar, N. S.; Anwarul Islam, M.; Sagar Baral, H.; Timmins, R. (2015). "Axis axis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41783A22158006. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T41783A22158006.en.

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[IUCNTufteddeer-30] Harris, R. B.; Jiang, Z. (2015). "Elaphodus cephalophus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T7112A22159620. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T7112A22159620.en.

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[IUCNCalamiandeer-32] Widmann, P.; Lastica, E. (2015). "Axis calamianensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T2446A22156678. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T2446A22156678.en.

[IUCNBaweandeer-33] Semiadi, G.; Duckworth, J. W.; Timmins, R. (2015). "Axis kuhlii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T2447A73071875. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T2447A73071875.en.

[IUCNIndianhogdeer-34] Timmins, R.; Duckworth, J. W.; Samba Kumar, N.; Anwarul Islam, M.; Sagar Baral, H.; Long, B.; Maxwell, A. (2015). "Axis porcinus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41784A22157664. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T41784A22157664.en.

[IUCNBorneanyellowmuntjac-35] Timmins, R. J.; Belden, G.; Brodie, J.; Ross, J.; Wilting, A.; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus atherodes". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42189A22166396. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42189A22166396.en.

[IUCNHairy-frontedmuntjac-36] Timmins, R.; Chan, B. (2016). "Muntiacus crinifrons". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T13924A22160753. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13924A22160753.en.

[IUCNFeasmuntjac-37] Timmins, R.; Steinmetz, R.; Chutipong, W. (2016). "Muntiacus feae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T13927A22160266. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13927A22160266.en.

[IUCNGongshanmuntjac-38] Timmins, R.; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus gongshanensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T13926A22160596. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13926A22160596.en.

[IUCNIndianmuntjac-39] Timmins, R. J.; Duckworth, J. W.; Hedges, S. (2016). "Muntiacus muntjak". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42190A56005589. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T42190A56005589.en.

[IUCNPuHoatmuntjac-40] Timmins, J; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus puhoatensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136293A22164930. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136293A22164930.en.

[IUCNLeafmuntjac-41] Timmins, R. J.; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus putaoensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T136479A22159478. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T136479A22159478.en.

[IUCNReevessmuntjac-42] Timmins, J; Chan, B. (2016). "Muntiacus reevesi (errata version published in 2020)". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T42191A170905827. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T42191A170905827.en.

[IUCNRooseveltsmuntjac-43] Timmins, R.; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus rooseveltorum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T13928A22160435. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T13928A22160435.en.

[IUCNTruongSonmuntjac-44] Timmins, R.; Duckworth, J. W. (2016). "Muntiacus truongsonensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T44704A22154056. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T44704A22154056.en.

[IUCNGiantmuntjac-45] Timmins, R. J.; Duckworth, J. W.; Robichaud, W.; Long, B.; Gray, T. N. E.; Tilker, A. (2016). "Muntiacus vuquangensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T44703A22153828. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T44703A22153828.en.

[IUCNThoroldsdeer-46] Harris, R. B. (2015). "Cervus albirostris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4256A61976756. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T4256A61976756.en.

[IUCNBarasingha-47] Duckworth, J. W.; Kumar, N. S.; Pokharel, C. P.; Sagar Baral, H.; Timmins, R. (2015). "Rucervus duvaucelii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4257A22167675. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T4257A22167675.en.

[IUCNEldsdeer-48] Gray, T. N. E.; Brook, S. M.; McShea, W. J.; Mahood, S.; Ranjitsingh, M. K.; Miyunt, A.; Hussain, S. A.; Timmins, R. (2015). "Rucervus eldii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4265A22166803. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T4265A22166803.en.

[IUCNSchomburgksdeer-49] Duckworth, J. W.; Robichaud, W.; Timmins, R. (2015). "Rucervus schomburgki". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4288A79818502. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-3.RLTS.T4288A79818502.en.

[IUCNVisayanspotteddeer-50] Brook, S. M. (2016). "Rusa alfredi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T4273A22168782. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T4273A22168782.en.

[IUCNPhilippinedeer-51] MacKinnon, J. R.; Ong, P.; Gonzales, J. (2015). "Rusa marianna". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T4274A22168586. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T4274A22168586.en.

[IUCNJavanrusa-52] Hedges, S.; Duckworth, J. W.; Timmins, R.; Semiadi, G.; Dryden, G. (2015). "Rusa timorensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T41789A22156866. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-2.RLTS.T41789A22156866.en.

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