List of World Series champions

The World Series is the annual championship series of Major League Baseball (MLB) and concludes the MLB postseason. First played in 1903,[1] the World Series championship is a best-of-seven playoff and is a contest between the champions of baseball's National League (NL) and American League (AL).[2] Often referred to as the "Fall Classic",[3] the modern World Series has been played every year since 1903 with two exceptions: in 1904, when the NL champion New York Giants declined to play the AL champion Boston Americans; and in 1994, when the series was canceled due to the players' strike.[1][2][4][5]

This article is about winners of the World Series of Major League Baseball that began in 1903. For earlier league and inter-league championships, see List of pre-World Series baseball champions.
At the first World Series, held in 1903, the Boston Americans (front row) defeated the Pittsburgh Pirates (back row) in eight games.
Part of a series on the
Major League Baseball postseason
Wild Card
Division Series
League Championship Series
World Series
Teams

The best-of-seven style has been the format of all World Series except in 1903, 1919, 1920, and 1921, when the winner was determined through a best-of-nine playoff.[1][2] Although the large majority of contests have been played entirely during the month of October, a small number of Series have also had games played during September and November. The Series-winning team is awarded the Commissioner's Trophy.[6] Players, coaches and others associated with the team are generally given World Series rings to commemorate their victory; however, they have received other items such as pocket watches and medallions in the past.[7] The winning team is traditionally invited to the White House to meet the President of the United States.

A total of 116 Series have been contested, with the AL champion winning 66 and the NL champion winning 50. The New York Yankees of the AL have played in 40 World Series through 2019, winning 27 — the most championship appearances and most victories by any team in the four major North American professional sports leagues. The Los Angeles Dodgers of the NL have the most losses with 14, while the Yankees have the most losses among AL teams with 13. The St. Louis Cardinals have won 11 championships, the most championships among NL clubs and second-most all-time behind the Yankees, and have made 19 total appearances, third-most among NL clubs.[3] The Los Angeles Dodgers have represented the NL the most World Series with 21 appearances.

The Seattle Mariners are the only current MLB franchise that has never appeared in a World Series; the San Diego Padres, Colorado Rockies, Texas Rangers, Tampa Bay Rays, and Milwaukee Brewers have all played in the Series but have never won it. The Toronto Blue Jays are the only franchise from outside the United States to appear in and win a World Series, winning in 1992 and 1993. The Houston Astros are the only franchise to have represented both the NL (2005) and the AL (2017 and 2019), winning the Series in 2017. The current World Series champions are the Los Angeles Dodgers.

World Series results

Numbers in parentheses in the table are World Series appearances as of the date of that World Series, and are used as follows:

  • Winning team and losing team columns indicate the number of times that team has appeared in a World Series as well as each respective team's World Series record to date.
  National League team
  American League team
Year Winning team Manager Games Losing team Manager
1903 Boston Americans (1, 1–0)Jimmy Collins5–3[V]Pittsburgh Pirates (1, 0–1)Fred Clarke
1904 No World Series
1905 New York Giants (1, 1–0)John McGraw4–1Philadelphia Athletics (1, 0–1)Connie Mack
1906 Chicago White Sox (1, 1–0)Fielder Jones4–2Chicago Cubs (1, 0–1)Frank Chance
1907 Chicago Cubs (2, 1–1)Frank Chance4–0–(1)[T]Detroit Tigers (1, 0–1)Hugh Jennings
1908 Chicago Cubs (3, 2–1)Frank Chance4–1Detroit Tigers (2, 0–2)Hugh Jennings
1909 Pittsburgh Pirates (2, 1–1)Fred Clarke4–3Detroit Tigers (3, 0–3)Hugh Jennings
1910 Philadelphia Athletics (2, 1–1)Connie Mack4–1Chicago Cubs (4, 2–2)Frank Chance
1911 Philadelphia Athletics (3, 2–1)Connie Mack4–2New York Giants (2, 1–1)John McGraw
1912 Boston Red Sox (2, 2–0)Jake Stahl4–3–(1)[T]New York Giants (3, 1–2)John McGraw
1913 Philadelphia Athletics (4, 3–1)Connie Mack4–1New York Giants (4, 1–3)John McGraw
1914 Boston Braves (1, 1–0)George Stallings4–0Philadelphia Athletics (5, 3–2)Connie Mack
1915 Boston Red Sox (3, 3–0)Bill Carrigan4–1Philadelphia Phillies (1, 0–1)Pat Moran
1916 Boston Red Sox (4, 4–0)Bill Carrigan4–1Brooklyn Robins (1, 0–1)Wilbert Robinson
1917 Chicago White Sox (2, 2–0)Pants Rowland4–2New York Giants (5, 1–4)John McGraw
1918 Boston Red Sox (5, 5–0)Ed Barrow4–2Chicago Cubs (5, 2–3)Fred Mitchell
1919 Cincinnati Reds (1, 1–0)Pat Moran5–3[V]Chicago White Sox (3, 2–1)Kid Gleason
1920 Cleveland Indians (1, 1–0)Tris Speaker5–2[V]Brooklyn Robins (2, 0–2)Wilbert Robinson
1921 New York Giants (6, 2–4)John McGraw5–3[V]New York Yankees (1, 0–1)Miller Huggins
1922 New York Giants (7, 3–4)John McGraw4–0–(1)[T]New York Yankees (2, 0–2)Miller Huggins
1923 New York Yankees (3, 1–2)Miller Huggins4–2New York Giants (8, 3–5)John McGraw
1924 Washington Senators (1, 1–0)Bucky Harris4–3New York Giants (9, 3–6)John McGraw
1925 Pittsburgh Pirates (3, 2–1)Bill McKechnie4–3Washington Senators (2, 1–1)Bucky Harris
1926 St. Louis Cardinals (1, 1–0)Rogers Hornsby4–3New York Yankees (4, 1–3)Miller Huggins
1927 New York Yankees (5, 2–3)Miller Huggins4–0Pittsburgh Pirates (4, 2–2)Donie Bush
1928 New York Yankees (6, 3–3)Miller Huggins4–0St. Louis Cardinals (2, 1–1)Bill McKechnie
1929 Philadelphia Athletics (6, 4–2)Connie Mack4–1Chicago Cubs (6, 2–4)Joe McCarthy
1930 Philadelphia Athletics (7, 5–2)Connie Mack4–2St. Louis Cardinals (3, 1–2)Gabby Street
1931 St. Louis Cardinals (4, 2–2)Gabby Street4–3Philadelphia Athletics (8, 5–3)Connie Mack
1932 New York Yankees (7, 4–3)Joe McCarthy4–0Chicago Cubs (7, 2–5)Charlie Grimm
1933 New York Giants (10, 4–6)Bill Terry4–1Washington Senators (3, 1–2)Joe Cronin
1934 St. Louis Cardinals (5, 3–2)Frank Frisch4–3Detroit Tigers (4, 0–4)Mickey Cochrane
1935 Detroit Tigers (5, 1–4)Mickey Cochrane4–2Chicago Cubs (8, 2–6)Charlie Grimm
1936 New York Yankees (8, 5–3)Joe McCarthy4–2New York Giants (11, 4–7)Bill Terry
1937 New York Yankees (9, 6–3)Joe McCarthy4–1New York Giants (12, 4–8)Bill Terry
1938 New York Yankees (10, 7–3)Joe McCarthy4–0Chicago Cubs (9, 2–7)Gabby Hartnett
1939 New York Yankees (11, 8–3)Joe McCarthy4–0Cincinnati Reds (2, 1–1)Bill McKechnie
1940 Cincinnati Reds (3, 2–1)Bill McKechnie4–3Detroit Tigers (6, 1–5)Del Baker
1941 New York Yankees (12, 9–3)Joe McCarthy4–1Brooklyn Dodgers (3, 0–3)Leo Durocher
1942 St. Louis Cardinals (6, 4–2)Billy Southworth4–1New York Yankees (13, 9–4)Joe McCarthy
1943 New York Yankees (14, 10–4)Joe McCarthy4–1St. Louis Cardinals (7, 4–3)Billy Southworth
1944 St. Louis Cardinals (8, 5–3)Billy Southworth4–2St. Louis Browns (1, 0–1)Luke Sewell
1945 Detroit Tigers (7, 2–5)Steve O'Neill4–3Chicago Cubs (10, 2–8)Charlie Grimm
1946 St. Louis Cardinals (9, 6–3)Eddie Dyer4–3Boston Red Sox (6, 5–1)Joe Cronin
1947 New York Yankees (15, 11–4)Bucky Harris4–3Brooklyn Dodgers (4, 0–4)Burt Shotton
1948 Cleveland Indians (2, 2–0)Lou Boudreau4–2Boston Braves (2, 1–1)Billy Southworth
1949 New York Yankees (16, 12–4)Casey Stengel4–1Brooklyn Dodgers (5, 0–5)Burt Shotton
1950 New York Yankees (17, 13–4)Casey Stengel4–0Philadelphia Phillies (2, 0–2)Eddie Sawyer
1951 New York Yankees (18, 14–4)Casey Stengel4–2New York Giants (13, 4–9)Leo Durocher
1952 New York Yankees (19, 15–4)Casey Stengel4–3Brooklyn Dodgers (6, 0–6)Charlie Dressen
1953 New York Yankees (20, 16–4)Casey Stengel4–2Brooklyn Dodgers (7, 0–7)Charlie Dressen
1954 New York Giants (14, 5–9)Leo Durocher4–0Cleveland Indians (3, 2–1)Al Lopez
1955 Brooklyn Dodgers (8, 1–7)Walter Alston4–3New York Yankees (21, 16–5)Casey Stengel
1956 New York Yankees (22, 17–5)Casey Stengel4–3Brooklyn Dodgers (9, 1–8)Walter Alston
1957 Milwaukee Braves (3, 2–1)Fred Haney4–3New York Yankees (23, 17–6)Casey Stengel
1958 New York Yankees (24, 18–6)Casey Stengel4–3Milwaukee Braves (4, 2–2)Fred Haney
1959 Los Angeles Dodgers (10, 2–8)Walter Alston4–2Chicago White Sox (4, 2–2)Al Lopez
1960 Pittsburgh Pirates (5, 3–2)Danny Murtaugh4–3New York Yankees (25, 18–7)Casey Stengel
1961 New York Yankees (26, 19–7)Ralph Houk4–1Cincinnati Reds (4, 2–2)Fred Hutchinson
1962 New York Yankees (27, 20–7)Ralph Houk4–3San Francisco Giants (15, 5–10)Alvin Dark
1963 Los Angeles Dodgers (11, 3–8)Walter Alston4–0New York Yankees (28, 20–8)Ralph Houk
1964 St. Louis Cardinals (10, 7–3)Johnny Keane4–3New York Yankees (29, 20–9)Yogi Berra
1965 Los Angeles Dodgers (12, 4–8)Walter Alston4–3Minnesota Twins (4, 1–3)Sam Mele
1966 Baltimore Orioles (2, 1–1)Hank Bauer4–0Los Angeles Dodgers (13, 4–9)Walter Alston
1967 St. Louis Cardinals (11, 8–3)Red Schoendienst4–3Boston Red Sox (7, 5–2)Dick Williams
1968 Detroit Tigers (8, 3–5)Mayo Smith4–3St. Louis Cardinals (12, 8–4)Red Schoendienst
1969 New York Mets (1, 1–0)Gil Hodges4–1Baltimore Orioles (3, 1–2)Earl Weaver
1970 Baltimore Orioles (4, 2–2)Earl Weaver4–1Cincinnati Reds (5, 2–3)Sparky Anderson
1971 Pittsburgh Pirates (6, 4–2)Danny Murtaugh4–3Baltimore Orioles (5, 2–3)Earl Weaver
1972 Oakland Athletics (9, 6–3)Dick Williams4–3Cincinnati Reds (6, 2–4)Sparky Anderson
1973 Oakland Athletics (10, 7–3)Dick Williams4–3New York Mets (2, 1–1)Yogi Berra
1974 Oakland Athletics (11, 8–3)Alvin Dark4–1Los Angeles Dodgers (14, 4–10)Walter Alston
1975 Cincinnati Reds (7, 3–4)Sparky Anderson4–3Boston Red Sox (8, 5–3)Darrell Johnson
1976 Cincinnati Reds (8, 4–4)Sparky Anderson4–0New York Yankees (30, 20–10)Billy Martin
1977 New York Yankees (31, 21–10)Billy Martin4–2Los Angeles Dodgers (15, 4–11)Tommy Lasorda
1978 New York Yankees (32, 22–10)Bob Lemon4–2Los Angeles Dodgers (16, 4–12)Tommy Lasorda
1979 Pittsburgh Pirates (7, 5–2)Chuck Tanner4–3Baltimore Orioles (6, 2–4)Earl Weaver
1980 Philadelphia Phillies (3, 1–2)Dallas Green4–2Kansas City Royals (1, 0–1)Jim Frey
1981 Los Angeles Dodgers (17, 5–12)Tommy Lasorda4–2New York Yankees (33, 22–11)Bob Lemon
1982 St. Louis Cardinals (13, 9–4)Whitey Herzog4–3Milwaukee Brewers[L1] (1, 0–1)Harvey Kuenn
1983 Baltimore Orioles (7, 3–4)Joe Altobelli4–1Philadelphia Phillies (4, 1–3)Paul Owens
1984 Detroit Tigers (9, 4–5)Sparky Anderson4–1San Diego Padres (1, 0–1)Dick Williams
1985 Kansas City Royals (2, 1–1)Dick Howser4–3St. Louis Cardinals (14, 9–5)Whitey Herzog
1986 New York Mets (3, 2–1)Davey Johnson4–3Boston Red Sox (9, 5–4)John McNamara
1987 Minnesota Twins (5, 2–3)Tom Kelly4–3St. Louis Cardinals (15, 9–6)Whitey Herzog
1988 Los Angeles Dodgers (18, 6–12)Tommy Lasorda4–1Oakland Athletics (12, 8–4)Tony La Russa
1989 Oakland Athletics (13, 9–4)Tony La Russa4–0San Francisco Giants (16, 5–11)Roger Craig
1990 Cincinnati Reds (9, 5–4)Lou Piniella4–0Oakland Athletics (14, 9–5)Tony La Russa
1991 Minnesota Twins (6, 3–3)Tom Kelly4–3Atlanta Braves (5, 2–3)Bobby Cox
1992 Toronto Blue Jays (1, 1–0)Cito Gaston4–2Atlanta Braves (6, 2–4)Bobby Cox
1993 Toronto Blue Jays (2, 2–0)Cito Gaston4–2Philadelphia Phillies (5, 1–4)Jim Fregosi
1994 No World Series due to a players' strike.
1995 Atlanta Braves (7, 3–4)Bobby Cox4–2Cleveland Indians (4, 2–2)Mike Hargrove
1996 New York Yankees (34, 23–11)Joe Torre4–2Atlanta Braves (8, 3–5)Bobby Cox
1997 Florida Marlins[W] (1, 1–0)Jim Leyland4–3Cleveland Indians (5, 2–3)Mike Hargrove
1998 New York Yankees (35, 24–11)Joe Torre4–0San Diego Padres (2, 0–2)Bruce Bochy
1999 New York Yankees (36, 25–11)Joe Torre4–0Atlanta Braves (9, 3–6)Bobby Cox
2000 New York Yankees (37, 26–11)Joe Torre4–1New York Mets[W] (4, 2–2)Bobby Valentine
2001 Arizona Diamondbacks (1, 1–0)Bob Brenly4–3New York Yankees (38, 26–12)Joe Torre
2002 Anaheim Angels[W] (1, 1–0)Mike Scioscia4–3San Francisco Giants[W] (17, 5–12)Dusty Baker
2003 Florida Marlins[W] (2, 2–0)Jack McKeon4–2New York Yankees (39, 26–13)Joe Torre
2004 Boston Red Sox[W] (10, 6–4)Terry Francona4–0St. Louis Cardinals (16, 9–7)Tony La Russa
2005 Chicago White Sox (5, 3–2)Ozzie Guillén4–0Houston Astros[W][L2] (1, 0–1)Phil Garner
2006 St. Louis Cardinals (17, 10–7)Tony La Russa4–1Detroit Tigers[W] (10, 4–6)Jim Leyland
2007 Boston Red Sox (11, 7–4)Terry Francona4–0Colorado Rockies[W] (1, 0–1)Clint Hurdle
2008 Philadelphia Phillies (6, 2–4)Charlie Manuel4–1Tampa Bay Rays (1, 0–1)Joe Maddon
2009 New York Yankees (40, 27–13)Joe Girardi4–2Philadelphia Phillies (7, 2–5)Charlie Manuel
2010 San Francisco Giants (18, 6–12)Bruce Bochy4–1Texas Rangers (1, 0–1)Ron Washington
2011 St. Louis Cardinals[W] (18, 11–7)Tony La Russa4–3Texas Rangers (2, 0–2)Ron Washington
2012 San Francisco Giants (19, 7–12)Bruce Bochy4–0Detroit Tigers (11, 4–7)Jim Leyland
2013 Boston Red Sox (12, 8–4)John Farrell4–2St. Louis Cardinals (19, 11–8)Mike Matheny
2014 San Francisco Giants[W] (20, 8–12)Bruce Bochy4–3Kansas City Royals[W] (3, 1–2)Ned Yost
2015 Kansas City Royals (4, 2–2)Ned Yost4–1New York Mets (5, 2–3)Terry Collins
2016 Chicago Cubs (11, 3–8)Joe Maddon4–3Cleveland Indians (6, 2–4)Terry Francona
2017 Houston Astros (2, 1–1)A. J. Hinch4–3Los Angeles Dodgers (19, 6–13)Dave Roberts
2018 Boston Red Sox (13, 9–4)Alex Cora4–1Los Angeles Dodgers (20, 6–14)Dave Roberts
2019 Washington Nationals[W] (1, 1–0)Dave Martinez4–3Houston Astros (3, 1–2)A. J. Hinch
2020 Los Angeles Dodgers (21, 7–14)Dave Roberts4–2Tampa Bay Rays (2, 0–2)Kevin Cash

[8]

Series records by franchise

Series wins by franchise

In the sortable table below, teams are ordered first by number of wins, then by number of appearances, and finally by year of first appearance. In the "Season(s)" column, bold years indicate winning appearances.

Apps Team Wins Losses Win % Season(s)
40New York Yankees2713.6751921, 1922, 1923, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1932, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1947, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1981, 1996, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2003, 2009
19St. Louis Cardinals118.5791926, 1928, 1930, 1931, 1934, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1946, 1964, 1967, 1968, 1982, 1985, 1987, 2004, 2006, 2011, 2013
14Philadelphia / Oakland Athletics95.6431905, 1910, 1911, 1913, 1914, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1988, 1989, 1990
13Boston Red Sox94.6921903, 1912, 1915, 1916, 1918, 1946, 1967, 1975, 1986, 2004, 2007, 2013, 2018
20New York / San Francisco Giants812.4001905, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1917, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1933, 1936, 1937, 1951, 1954, 1962, 1989, 2002, 2010, 2012, 2014
21Brooklyn / Los Angeles Dodgers714.3331916, 1920, 1941, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1959, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1974, 1977, 1978, 1981, 1988, 2017, 2018, 2020
9Cincinnati Reds54.5561919, 1939, 1940, 1961, 1970, 1972, 1975, 1976, 1990
7Pittsburgh Pirates52.7141903, 1909, 1925, 1927, 1960, 1971, 1979
11Detroit Tigers47.3641907, 1908, 1909, 1934, 1935, 1940, 1945, 1968, 1984, 2006, 2012
11Chicago Cubs38.2731906, 1907, 1908, 1910, 1918, 1929, 1932, 1935, 1938, 1945, 2016
9Boston / Milwaukee / Atlanta Braves36.3331914, 1948, 1957, 1958, 1991, 1992, 1995, 1996, 1999
7St. Louis Browns / Baltimore Orioles34.4291944, 1966, 1969, 1970, 1971, 1979, 1983
6Washington Senators / Minnesota Twins33.5001924, 1925, 1933, 1965, 1987, 1991
5Chicago White Sox32.6001906, 1917, 1919, 1959, 2005
7Philadelphia Phillies25.2861915, 1950, 1980, 1983, 1993, 2008, 2009
6Cleveland Indians24.3331920, 1948, 1954, 1995, 1997, 2016
5New York Mets23.4001969, 1973, 1986, 2000, 2015
4Kansas City Royals22.5001980, 1985, 2014, 2015
2Toronto Blue Jays201.0001992, 1993
2Miami Marlins201.0001997, 2003
3Houston Astros12.3332005, 2017, 2019
1Arizona Diamondbacks101.0002001
1Los Angeles Angels101.0002002
1Washington Nationals101.0002019
2San Diego Padres02.0001984, 1998
2Tampa Bay Rays02.0002008, 2020
2Texas Rangers02.0002010, 2011
1Milwaukee Brewers01.0001982
1Colorado Rockies01.0002007
0Seattle Mariners00—

Frequent matchups

The following are the 20 matchups of teams that have occurred two or more times in the World Series. All teams that have participated in these were "Classic Eight" members of either the American or National League; no expansion team (created in 1961 or later) has faced an opponent more than once in a World Series.

Count Matchup Record Years
11 Los Angeles Dodgers vs. New York Yankees Yankees, 8–3 1941, 1947, 1949, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956, 1963, 1977, 1978, 1981
7 New York Yankees vs. San Francisco Giants Yankees, 5–2 1921, 1922, 1923, 1936, 1937, 1951, 1962
5 New York Yankees vs. St. Louis Cardinals Cardinals, 3–2 1926, 1928, 1942, 1943, 1964
4 Atlanta Braves vs. New York Yankees Yankees, 3–1 1957, 1958, 1996, 1999
4 Boston Red Sox vs. St. Louis Cardinals Tied, 2–2 1946, 1967, 2004, 2013
4 Chicago Cubs vs. Detroit Tigers Tied, 2–2 1907, 1908, 1935, 1945
4 Oakland Athletics vs. San Francisco Giants Athletics, 3–1 1905, 1911, 1913, 1989
3 Cincinnati Reds vs. New York Yankees Yankees, 2–1 1939, 1961, 1976
3 Detroit Tigers vs. St. Louis Cardinals Cardinals, 2–1 1934, 1968, 2006
2 Atlanta Braves vs. Cleveland Indians Tied, 1–1 1948, 1995
2 Baltimore Orioles vs. Pittsburgh Pirates Pirates, 2–0 1971, 1979
2 Chicago Cubs vs. New York Yankees Yankees, 2–0 1932, 1938
2 Chicago Cubs vs. Oakland Athletics Athletics, 2–0 1910, 1929
2 Cincinnati Reds vs. Oakland Athletics Tied, 1–1 1972, 1990
2 Los Angeles Dodgers vs. Oakland Athletics Tied, 1–1 1974, 1988
2 Minnesota Twins vs. San Francisco Giants Tied, 1–1 1924, 1933
2 New York Yankees vs. Philadelphia Phillies Yankees, 2–0 1950, 2009
2 New York Yankees vs. Pittsburgh Pirates Tied, 1–1 1927, 1960
2 Oakland Athletics vs. St. Louis Cardinals Tied, 1–1 1930, 1931
2 Boston Red Sox vs. Los Angeles Dodgers Red Sox, 2–0 1916, 2018

Notes
  • T The 1907, 1912, and 1922 World Series each included one tied game.
  • V The 1903, 1919, 1920, and 1921 World Series were in a best-of-nine format (carried by the first team to win five games).
  • W Indicates a team that made the playoffs as a wild card team (rather than by winning a division).[1]
  • L1 The Brewers were in the American League from 1969–1997, after which they moved to the National League.[9]
  • L2 The Astros were in the National League from 1962–2012, after which they moved to the American League.

See also

References
  1. "Baseball-Reference Playoff and World Series Index". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved November 5, 2009.
  2. "World Series Overview". Major League Baseball. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
  3. "World Series History: Championships by Club". Major League Baseball. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
  4. "History of the World Series – 1904". The Sporting News. Archived from the original on December 3, 2009. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
  5. "Season interrupted". Sports Illustrated. August 26, 2002. Retrieved January 2, 2010.
  6. "Phillies Announce World Series Trophy Tour Presented by Teva Pharmaceuticals and Comcast SportsNet". PR Newswire Association. January 9, 2009. Archived from the original on February 23, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2010.
  7. Lukas, Paul (October 30, 2009). "World Series rings, the real scoop". ESPN. Retrieved December 9, 2009.
  8. "World Series Winners". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved December 27, 2020.
  9. "Brewers switch leagues, join Reds in NL Central". The Kentucky Post (Associated Press). E. W. Scripps Company. November 6, 1997. Archived from the original on May 5, 2005.

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