List of Category 1 Atlantic hurricanes
Category 1 is the lowest hurricane classification on the Saffir–Simpson scale. When a storm's wind speed is between 64 knots (74 mph; 119& km/h; 33 m/s) and 82 knots (95 mph; 153 km/h; 42 m/s), it is classified as a Category 1.[1] Since records began in 1851, 357 tropical cyclones have peaked at this intensity.[2]
Background
Since HURDAT began in 1851, all tropical cyclones of at least tropical storm intensity were tracked by the National Hurricane Center. In 1971, the Saffir–Simpson scale was devised by Herbert Saffir and Robert Simpson. Category 1 was designed as the lowest hurricane category on the scale.[2]
Systems
Name | Duration | Sustained wind speeds |
Pressure | Areas affected | Deaths | Damage (USD) |
Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
One | June 25 – 28, 1851 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | Texas, Mexico | 1 | Severe | [2][3][4] |
Two | July 5 – 6, 1851 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 978 hPa (28.88 inHg) | Mexico | 0 | Unknown | [2][5] |
Hurricane San Lorenzo of 1852 | September 5 – 6, 1852 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Puerto Rico, Hispaniola | ≥ 100 | Unknown | [2][6][7] |
Three | September 9 – 13, 1852 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Florida, The Bahamas | 0 | Unknown | [2][7] |
Four | September 22 – 30, 1852 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | Unknown | Leeward Islands | 0 | Minor | [2][7] |
Six | September 26 – October 1, 1853 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Bermuda | 0 | None | [2][8] |
One | June 25 – 27, 1854 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Texas, Mexico | 0 | Moderate | [2][3] |
Three | August 11, 1855 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2][9] |
Two | August 13 – 14, 1856 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Barbados, Grenada, Windward Islands | 0 | Considerable | [2][10] |
Six | September 18 – 22, 1856 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2][10] |
Three | September 20 – 26, 1857 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2][11] |
One | June 12, 1858 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2][12] |
Two | August 5, 1858 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2][12] |
Four | September 17 – 24, 1858 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2][12] |
Five | September 22 – 25, 1858 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | Unknown | Cuba, Haiti, The Bahamas | 0 | None | [2][12] |
Three | September 2 – 3, 1859 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Lesser Antilles | 0 | None | [2][13] |
Five | September 15 – 18, 1859 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Southeastern United States, Eastern United States | 2 | $10 thousand | [2][4][13] |
Eight | October 24 – 29, 1859 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 974 hPa (28.76 inHg) | Mexico, Florida | Unknown | Unknown | [2][13] |
Three | September 11, 1860 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2][14] |
Two | August 13 – 17, 1861 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 978 hPa (28.88 inHg) | Hispaniola, The Bahamas, Cuba, Florida | 0 | Unknown | [2][15] |
Four | September 17, 1861 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2][15] |
Five | September 27 – 28, 1861 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 978 hPa (28.88 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | 0 | Unknown | [2][15] |
The Expedition Hurricane of 1861 | November 1 – 3, 1861 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | 0 | Unknown | [2][15][16] |
Five | October 14 – 16, 1862 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | New England | 3 | Unknown | [2][17][18] |
Five | September 9 – 16, 1863 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Bermuda | 0 | None | [2][19] |
One | July 16 – 18, 1864 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Bermuda | 0 | None | [2] |
Three | August 26 – September 1, 1864 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Leeward Islands, Central America | 0 | None | [2] |
Five | October 22 – 24, 1864 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Three | September 4 – 7, 1866 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Bermuda, Newfoundland and Labrador | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Four | September 18 – 20, 1866 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
One | June 21 – 23, 1867 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | 0 | None | [2] |
Four | August 31 – September 3, 1867 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | New England | 0 | None | [2] |
Five | September 4 – 6, 1869 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Louisiana | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
The Mobile Hurricane of 1870 | July 30, 1870 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Alabama, Florida, Louisiana | Unknown | $200 thousand | [2] |
Five | September 17 – 19, 1870 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 969 hPa (28.61 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Seven | October 7, 1870 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Eight | October 10 – 11, 1870 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Eleven | October 30 – November 3, 1870 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Central America, Cuba, Florida | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Six | September 5 – 8, 1871 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Florida | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Seven | September 30 – October 7, 1871 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Gulf Coast of the United States | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Eight | October 10 – 13, 1871 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Nova Scotia | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Three | September 9 – 20, 1872 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Windward Islands | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Four | September 30 – October 6, 1872 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Five | October 22 – 27, 1872 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Gulf of Mexico, East Coast of the United States | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Three | September 18 – 20, 1873 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Gulf of Mexico, Florida, Georgia | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Two | August 3 – 7, 1874 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Bermuda | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Three | August 29 – September 7, 1874 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Newfoundland and Labrador | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Six | September 25 – 30, 1874 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | Gulf of Mexico | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
One | August 16 – 19, 1875 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Two | September 1 – 10, 1875 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Six | October 12 – 16, 1875 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | East Coast of the United States | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
One | September 9 – 11, 1876 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) | Bermuda, Nova Scotia | 0 | None | [2] |
Two | September 14 – 21, 1877 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Gulf Coast of the United States | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Three | September 16 – 22, 1877 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Atlantic Canada | 0 | None | [2] |
Two | August 8 – 19, 1878 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Leeward Islands, Gulf of Mexico | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Three | August 19 – 20, 1878 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 963 hPa (28.44 inHg) | Atlantic Canada | 0 | None | [2] |
Eight | October 9 – 14, 1878 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | 27 | None | [2][6] |
Nine | October 9 – 15, 1878 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
One | August 9 – 12, 1879 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | East Coast of the United States | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Seven | October 24 – 29, 1879 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | East Coast of the United States | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Three | August 15 – 20, 1880 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Lesser Antilles | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Five | August 26 – September 4, 1880 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Six | September 6 – 10, 1880 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Florida | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Seven | September 8 – 10, 1880 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Newfoundland and Labrador | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Nine | October 5 – 10, 1880 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Gulf of Mexico | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Ten | October 10 – 14, 1880 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) | None | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Three | August 11 – 18, 1881 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Four | August 16 – 21, 1881 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Yucatán Peninsula, Cuba, Florida, The Bahamas | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
One | August 24 – 25, 1882 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Five | September 24 – 28, 1882 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
One | August 18 – 27, 1883 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
One | September 1 – 2, 1884 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) | Newfoundland and Labrador | 0 | None | [2] |
Three | September 10 – 19, 1884 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 979 hPa (28.91 inHg) | The Bahamas, Florida, Georgia | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
One | August 7 – 13, 1885 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | Bermuda | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Four | September 17 – 23, 1885 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) | Gulf Coast of the United States, East Coast of the United States | 4 | Unknown | [2][3] |
Five | September 18 – 21, 1885 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) | Lesser Antilles | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Six | September 24 – October 2, 1885 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Gulf Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Seven | September 26 – 29, 1885 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Four | July 14 – 22, 1886 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Yucatán Peninsula, Cuba, Florida | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Ten | September 14 – 18, 1887 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Newfoundland and Labrador | 0 | None | [2] |
Thirteen | October 9 – 20, 1887 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, East Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Fourteen | October 10 – 12, 1887 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Seventeen | November 27 – December 4, 1887 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | The Bahamas | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Eighteen | December 4 – 8, 1887 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
One | June 16 – 18, 1888 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Texas | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Six | September 23 – 26, 1888 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
One | May 16 – 21, 1889 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Two | June 15 – 20, 1889 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | Unknown | Cuba, Yucatán Peninsula, East Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Three | August 18 – 28, 1889 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) | Hispaniola, The Bahamas | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Five | September 2 – 11, 1889 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Four | October 31 – November 1, 1890 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | Unknown | Central America | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
One | July 3 – 8, 1891 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | Gulf Coast of the United States | 10 | Unknown | [2][20] |
Two | August 17 – 29, 1891 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) | Cape Verde | 0 | None | [2][20] |
Nine | October 12 – 20, 1891 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | Windward Islands, Virgin Islands, Newfoundland and Labrador | Unknown | Unknown | [2][20] |
Two | August 15 – 21, 1892 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | Unknown | Leeward Islands | Unknown | Unknown | [2][21] |
Eight | October 13 – 17, 1892 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2][21] |
One | June 10 – 19, 1893 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Gulf Coast of the United States, East Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2][22] |
Two | September 10 – 13, 1897 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | Louisiana, Texas | 29 | $150 thousand | [2][3][23] |
Five | October 9 – 21, 1897 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | Cuba, The Bahamas, North Carolina, New England | 188 | Unknown | [2][23][24] |
One | August 2 – 3, 1898 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | The Bahamas, Florida, Alabama | 12 | Unknown | [2][25] |
Two | August 30 – September 1, 1898 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Georgia | Unknown | $400 thousand | [2][25] |
Three | September 3 – 5, 1898 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | None | 0 | None | [2][25] |
Hurricane San Cirillo of 1901 | July 4 – 13, 1901 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Windward Islands, The Bahamas, East Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
1901 Louisiana hurricane | August 1 – 21, 1901 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) | The Bahamas, Gulf Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Six | August 25 – 30, 1901 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) | Cape Verde | 0 | None | [2] |
Hurricane San Vicente of 1901 | September 9 – 18, 1901 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) | Lesser Antilles | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Thirteen | October 30 – November 5, 1901 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | Puerto Rico | 0 | None | [2] |
Two | June 21 – 28, 1902 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Gulf of Mexico | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
One | July 21 – 26, 1903 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) | The Bahamas, Bermuda | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
1903 Florida hurricane | September 9 – 16, 1903 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 974 hPa (28.76 inHg) | The Bahamas, Gulf Coast of the United States | Unknown | $500 thousand | [2] |
Ten | November 17 – 25, 1903 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
One | June 10 – 14, 1904 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) | Cuba | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Two | September 8 – 15, 1904 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | 27 | $500 thousand | [2] |
Three | September 28 – October 4, 1904 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | Unknown | Central America | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Four | October 12 – 21, 1904 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | Cuba, Florida, The Bahamas | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Five | September 3 – 18, 1906 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | 7 | $2 million | [2] |
Eleven | November 5 – 9, 1906 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) | Cuba, The Bahamas | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Two | May 24 – 31, 1908 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | The Bahamas, East Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Three | July 24 – August 3, 1908 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | The Bahamas, East Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Two | August 8 – 14, 1911 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Gulf Coast of the United States | Unknown | $12,600 | [2] |
Four | September 10 – 15, 1912 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | Gulf Coast of the United States | Unknown | $39 thousand | [2] |
Five | October 6 – 10, 1912 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) | Bermuda | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
One | June 21 – 29, 1913 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | Central America | 0 | None | [2] |
Four | August 30 – September 4, 1913 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 976 hPa (28.82 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | 5 | $4 million | [2] |
Five | October 6 – 10, 1913 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | Unknown | $75 thousand | [2] |
Six | October 28 – 30, 1913 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | Cuba | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
One | July 30 – August 4, 1915 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | Unknown | $250 thousand | [2] |
Eight | August 27 – September 2, 1916 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | Leeward Islands, Central America | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Ten | September 13 – 21, 1916 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Three | August 23 – 26, 1918 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | South Carolina | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Three | September 19 –24, 1920 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | Unknown | East Coast of the United States | 1 | Unknown | [2] |
Five | September 25 – 30, 1920 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Florida | 1 | Unknown | [2] |
One | June 16 – 26, 1921 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Central America, Gulf of Mexico | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Two | September 4 – 8, 1921 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Mexico | 215 | $19 million | [2] |
Four | September 8 – 14, 1921 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 979 hPa (28.91 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Three | September 18 – 24, 1922 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Four | September 10 – 13, 1923 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | Newfoundland | 0 | None | [2] |
Six | October 12 – 17, 1923 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Mexico, Gulf Coast of the United States | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Five | September 13 – 17, 1924 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Eleven | November 5 – 14, 1924 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | Cuba, The Bahamas | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
One | August 18 – 24, 1925 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Two | September 2 – 11, 1927 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 1,007 hPa (29.74 inHg) | Cape Verde | 0 | None | [2] |
Three | September 22 – 29, 1927 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) | None | 19 | $4.36 million | [2] |
1928 Haiti hurricane | August 7 – 17, 1928 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) | Windward Islands, Leeward Islands, Gulf Coast of the United States | 210 | $2 million | [2] |
Six | September 10 – 15, 1928 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
One | June 27 — 30, 1929 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Gulf of Mexico | Unknown | $365 thousand | [2] |
Five | October 19 – 22, 1929 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Eight | September 23 – 28, 1931 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
1932 Florida–Alabama hurricane | August 26 – September 2, 1932 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 979 hPa (28.91 inHg) | Gulf Coast of the United States | Unknown | $226 thousand | [2] |
1933 Florida–Mexico hurricane | July 23 – August 5, 1933 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Leeward Islands, Gulf Coast of the United States, Mexico | Unknown | $500 thousand | [2] |
Fifteen | September 24 – 27, 1933 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) | Azores | 0 | None | [2] |
Eighteen | October 25 – November 7, 1933 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Cuba, The Bahamas | 23 | $3 million | [2] |
Two | July 12 – 16, 1934 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Bermuda, Newfoundland and Labrador | 0 | None | [2] |
Three | July 22 – 26, 1934 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Gulf Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Five | August 26 – September 1, 1934 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | Gulf Coast of the United States | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
1935 Jérémie hurricane | October 18 – 27, 1935 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | Central America, Jamaica, Cuba, Haiti | 2,150 | $16 million | [2][26] |
Three | June 26 – 28, 1936 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Texas | Unknown | $550 thousand | [2] |
Eight | August 15 – 20, 1936 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) | Yucatán Peninsula, Tamaulipas | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Eleven | August 28 – 30, 1936 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | Yucatán Peninsula, Veracruz | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Eleven | October 19 – 21, 1937 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Two | August 7 – 19, 1939 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, Eastern United States | 0 | $2 thousand | [2] |
Six | October 28 – November 6, 1939 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | Honduras, Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Cuba, Turks and Caicos Islands, Bermuda | 2 | Unknown | [2] |
Eight | October 20 – 24, 1940 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Nicaragua | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Three | September 18 – 25, 1941 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 978 hPa (28.88 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Two | August 17 – 23, 1942 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | Texas | 0 | $790 thousand | [2] |
One | July 13 – 18, 1944 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Bermuda | 0 | None | [2] |
Three | July 30 – August 4, 1944 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | North Carolina, Mid-Atlantic states | 0 | $2 million | [2] |
Eight | September 19 – 22, 1944 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) | Mexico | Unknown | Unknown | [2] |
Twelve | October 11 – 15, 1944 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Ten | October 2 – 7, 1945 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico | 1 | Unknown | [2] |
Two | July 5 – 9, 1946 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) | North Carolina | 0 | Minor | [2] |
Three | August 18 – 27, 1947 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) | Cuba, Louisiana, Texas | 1 | $800 thousand | [2] |
Five | September 1 – 7, 1948 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Louisiana, Mississippi, Midwestern United States | 0 | $900 thousand | [2] |
Ten | November 8 – 11, 1948 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Ten | September 20 – 22, 1949 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) | Saint Croix, Puerto Rico, Dominican Republic | 15 | $1.012 million | [2] |
Thirteen | October 13 – 19, 1949 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | Cuba, The Bahamas | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Love | October 18 – 22, 1950 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Georgia, Louisiana, Southwestern Florida | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Able | May 15 – 23, 1951 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) | Florida, Bahamas, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Dog | August 27 – September 5, 1951 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | Martinique, Saint Lucia, Hispaniola, Jamaica | 7 | $3 million | [2] |
Jig | October 15 – 17, 1951 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | North Carolina, Virginia | 0 | None | [2] |
Twelve | September 2 – 11, 1951 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Barbara | August 11 – 15, 1953 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) | East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Canada | 9 | $1.3 million | [2] |
Dolly | September 8 – 12, 1953 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, The Bahamas, Bermuda | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Gail | October 2 – 12, 1953 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Hazel | October 7 – 10, 1953 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Florida, Sable Island | 0 | $250 thousand | [2] |
Dolly | August 31 – September 2, 1954 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Alice | December 30, 1954 – January 6, 1955 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Saba, Anguilla, Lesser Antilles | 0 | $623 thousand | [2] |
Gladys | September 3 – 6, 1955 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) | Western Mexico, Yucatán Peninsula | 0 | $500 thousand | [2] |
Anna | July 25 – 27, 1956 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) | Mexico | 0 | $50 thousand | [2] |
Flossy | September 20 – 25, 1956 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 974 hPa (28.76 inHg) | Yucatán Peninsula, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia | 15 | $24.9 million | [2] |
Frieda | September 20 – 26, 1957 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Bermuda, Newfoundland | 0 | None | [2] |
Fifi | September 4 – 11, 1958 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Escuminac (Three) | June 18 – 19, 1959 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 974 hPa (28.76 inHg) | Florida, Atlantic Canada | 35 | $2.5 million | [2] |
Cindy | July 4 – 11, 1959 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) | The Carolinas, Mid-Atlantic states, New England, Canadian Maritime Provinces | 6 | $75 thousand | [2] |
Debra | July 22 – 27, 1959 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) | Texas, Oklahoma, Gulf Coast of the United States, Midwestern United States | 0 | $7 million | [2] |
Flora | September 9 – 12, 1959 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Judith | October 14 – 22, 1959 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | Florida | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Abby | July 9 – 17, 1960 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Leeward Antilles, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Honduras, Belize, Guatemala, Mexico | 6 | $640 thousand | [2] |
Cleo | August 17 – 21, 1960 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Greater Antilles, The Bahamas, Northeastern United States, Nova Scotia | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Debbie | September 6 – 16, 1961 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Cape Verde, Azores, Ireland, United Kingdom, Norway, Soviet Union | 78 | $50 million | [2] |
Jenny | November 1 – 10, 1961 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 974 hPa (28.76 inHg) | Puerto Rico, Leeward Islands | 0 | None | [2] |
Alma | August 26 – 30, 1962 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) | Puerto Rico, East Coast of the United States | 1 | $1 million | [2] |
Ten | November 28 – December 4, 1962 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Four | September 9 – 14, 1963 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Bermuda | 0 | None | [2] |
Debra | September 19 – 24, 1963 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Three | July 28 – August 2, 1964 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | British Isles | 0 | None | [2] |
Carol | September 16 – 30, 1965 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 974 hPa (28.76 inHg) | Azores | 0 | None | [2] |
Becky | July 1 – 3, 1966 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Celia | July 13 – 21, 1966 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Atlantic Canada, Quebec | 0 | None | [2] |
Dorothy | July 22 – 30, 1966 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Lois | November 4 – 11, 1966 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | Azores | 0 | None | [2] |
Arlene | August 28 – September 4, 1967 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Newfoundland | 0 | None | [2] |
Doria | September 8 – 21, 1967 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | 3 | $150 thousand | [2] |
Fern | October 1 – 4, 1967 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Mexico, Texas | 3 | Minimal | [2] |
Heidi | October 19 – 31, 1967 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | Bermuda | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Abby | June 1 – 13, 1968 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | Cuba, Florida, Georgia, The Carolinas | 6 | $450,000 | [2] |
Brenda | June 17 – 26, 1968 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Florida | 0 | Minor | [2] |
Dolly | August 10 – 17, 1968 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | The Carolinas, Florida, Azores | 0 | Minor | [2] |
Gladys | October 13 – 21, 1968 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Cuba, Florida, East Coast of the United States, Nova Scotia | 11 | $18.7 million | [2] |
Blanche | August 11 – 12, 1969 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) | Sable Island | 0 | None | [2] |
Holly | September 14 – 21, 1969 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) | Leeward Islands | 0 | None | [2] |
Ten | September 21 – 26, 1969 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Seventeen | October 31 – November 7, 1969 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Martha | November 21 – 25, 1969 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Panama, Costa Rica | 5 | $30 million | [2] |
Alma | May 17 – 26, 1970 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Cuba, Southeastern United States | 8 | Minor | [2] |
Nineteen | October 20 – 28, 1970 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Two | August 3 – 7, 1971 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 974 hPa (28.76 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Beth | August 10 – 16, 1971 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | The Bahamas, Florida, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland | 1 | $5.1 million | [2] |
Fern | September 3 – 13, 1971 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 979 hPa (28.91 inHg) | Louisiana, Texas, northern Mexico | 2 | $30.2 million | [2] |
Irene | September 11 – 20, 1971 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Leeward Antilles, Central America | 3 | $1 million | [2] |
Agnes | June 14 – 23, 1972 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | Yucatán Peninsula, western Cuba, Florida Panhandle, Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New York, Atlantic Canada | 128 | $2.1 billion | [2] |
Dawn | September 5 – 14, 1972 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) | Southeastern United States | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Alice | July 1 – 7, 1973 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | Bermuda, Newfoundland | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Brenda | August 18 – 22, 1973 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | Cayman Islands, Mexico | 10 | Unknown | [2] |
Fran | October 8 – 12, 1973 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 978 hPa (28.88 inHg) | Azores | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Gertrude | September 25 – October 4, 1974 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) | Windward Islands | 0 | Unknown | [2] |
Blanche | July 23 – 28, 1975 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Maine, Nova Scotia | 0 | $6.2 million | [2] |
Candice | August 18 – 24, 1976 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 964 hPa (28.47 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Holly | October 22 – 28, 1976 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Babe | September 3 – 9, 1977 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Florida, Louisiana, Alabama, Mississippi, Tennessee, Georgia, South Carolina, North Carolina and Virginia | 0 | $13 million | [2] |
Clara | September 5 – 11, 1977 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | The Carolinas, Nova Scotia | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Dorothy | September 26 – 29, 1977 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Bermuda, Newfoundland | 0 | None | [2] |
Evelyn | October 13 – 15, 1977 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | Bermuda, Nova Scotia, Newfoundland | 0 | None | [2] |
Cora | August 7 – 12, 1978 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Windward Islands, St. Lucia, Barbados, Grenada | 1 | Minimal | [2] |
Kendra | October 28 – November 1, 1978 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Puerto Rico, East Coast of the United States | 1 | $6 million | [2] |
Bob | July 9 – 16, 1979 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Midwestern United States | 1 | $20 million | [2] |
Henri | September 15 – 24, 1979 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | Mexico, Florida | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Charley | August 20 – 25, 1980 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | North Carolina | 7 | None | [2] |
Georges | September 1 – 8, 1980 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | Newfoundland | 0 | None | [2] |
Earl | September 4 – 10, 1980 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Karl | November 25 – 28, 1980 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Dennis | August 7 – 21, 1981 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Greater Antilles, The Bahamas, Florida, Georgia, The Carolinas, Virginia | 0 | $15 million | [2] |
Emily | August 31 – September 11, 1981 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 966 hPa (28.53 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Katrina | November 3 – 7, 1981 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Cuba, The Bahamas, Turks and Caicos Islands | 2 | Minimal | [2] |
Alberto | June 1 – 6, 1982 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Cuba, Florida | 23 | $85 million | [2] |
Barry | August 23 – 29, 1983 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | Florida, Texas, Mexico | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Chantal | September 10 – 15, 1983 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Hortense | September 23 – October 2, 1984 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Klaus | November 5 – 13, 1984 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 971 hPa (28.67 inHg) | Puerto Rico, Leeward Islands | 2 | $152 million | [2] |
Lili | December 12 – 24, 1984 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Puerto Rico, Hispaniola | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Bob | July 21 – 26, 1985 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) | Florida, Southeast United States, Mid-Atlantic states, southern New England | 5 | $20 million | [2] |
Claudette | August 9 – 16, 1985 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Bermuda, Azores | 0 | None | [2] |
Danny | August 12 – 18, 1985 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Cuba, Gulf Coast of the United States, Tennessee, The Carolinas, Virginia | 5 | $100 million | [2] |
Juan | October 26 – November 21, 1985 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 971 hPa (28.67 inHg) | Louisiana, Gulf Coast of the United States, central United States, Canada | 12 | $1.5 billion | [2] |
Bonnie | June 23 – 26, 1986 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | Texas, Louisiana, Southeastern United States | 5 | $42 million | [2] |
Charley | August 13 – 20, 1986 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Southeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic states, Massachusetts, Ireland, United Kingdom, Europe | 15 | $15 million | [2] |
Frances | November 16 – 21, 1986 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Arlene | August 10 – 23, 1987 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | The Bahamas, Bermuda | 0 | $8 thousand | [2] |
Floyd | October 9 – 13, 1987 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | Cuba, Florida, The Bahamas | 1 | $500 thousand | [2] |
Debby | August 31 – September 8, 1988 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) | Mexico | 20 | Unknown | [2] |
Florence | September 7 – 11, 1988 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Yucatán Peninsula, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida | 1 | $2.9 million | [2] |
Chantal | July 30 – August 3, 1989 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) | Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, Midwestern United States | 13 | $100 million | [2] |
Felix | August 25 – September 9, 1989 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 979 hPa (28.91 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Jerry | October 12 – 16, 1989 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Texas, eastern United States | 3 | $70 million | [2] |
Bertha | July 24 – August 2, 1990 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) | The Bahamas, East Coast of the United States, Bermuda, Atlantic Canada | 9 | $3.91 million | [2] |
Josephine | September 21 – October 6, 1990 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Klaus | October 3 – 9, 1990 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, Southeastern United States | 11 | $1 million | [2] |
Lili | October 6 – 14, 1990 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Bermuda, East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Canada | 0 | None | [2] |
Nana | October 16 – 21, 1990 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | Bermuda | 0 | Moderate | [2] |
1991 Perfect Storm | October 31 - November 2, 1991 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Northeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic states, Eastern Canada | 13 | $200 million | [2] |
Frances | October 23 – 27, 1992 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 976 hPa (28.82 inHg) | Newfoundland, Iberian Peninsula | 0 | None | [2] |
Floyd | September 7 – 10, 1993 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Newfoundland | 0 | None | [2] |
Harvey | September 18 – 21, 1993 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Chris | August 16 – 23, 1994 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 979 hPa (28.91 inHg) | Bermuda | 0 | None | [2] |
Gordon | November 8 – 21, 1994 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Central America, Cayman Islands, Jamaica, Hispaniola, Cuba, Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, Florida, Georgia, Mid-Atlantic states | 1,152 | $594 million | [2] |
Allison | June 3 – 6, 1995 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Yucatán Peninsula, western Cuba, Florida, Georgia, The Carolinas, Atlantic Canada | 1 | $1.7 million | [2] |
Noel | September 28 – October 7, 1995 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Tanya | October 26 – November 1, 1995 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 972 hPa (28.70 inHg) | Azores | 1 | Minimal | [2] |
Cesar | July 24 – 28, 1996 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Windward Islands, Trinidad and Tobago, Leeward Antilles, Venezuela, Colombia, Mexico, Socorro Island, Panama, Guatemala, El Salvador | 113 | $203 million | [2] |
Dolly | August 19 – 25, 1996 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | Belize, Mexico, Texas | 14 | Unknown | [2] |
Marco | November 16 – 26, 1996 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Cuba, Hispaniola, Central America, Jamaica, Florida | 15 | $8.2 million | [2] |
Bill | July 11 – 13, 1997 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | Newfoundland | 0 | None | [2] |
Danny | July 16 – 26, 1997 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) | Louisiana, Alabama, Southeastern United States, Mid-Atlantic states, New England | 9 | $100 million | [2] |
Ivan | September 19 – 27, 1998 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Lisa | October 5 – 9, 1998 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Nicole | November 24 – December 1, 1998 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 979 hPa (28.91 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Debby | August 19 – 24, 2000 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Turks and Caicos Islands, Cuba, Jamaica | 1 | $735 thousand | [2] |
Florence | September 10 – 19, 2000 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | East Coast of the United States, Bermuda, Atlantic Canada | 3 | None | [2] |
Gordon | September 14 – 21, 2000 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | Belize, Yucatán Peninsula, Cuba, East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Canada | 26 | $10.8 million | [2] |
Joyce | September 29 – October 2, 2000 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Trinidad and Tobago, Windward Islands, Leeward Islands | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Gabrielle | September 11 – 19, 2001 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Florida, Newfoundland | 3 | > 230 million | [2] |
Karen | October 12 – 15, 2001 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | Bermuda, Atlantic Canada | 0 | $1.4 million | [2] |
Noel | November 4 – 6, 2001 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | Atlantic Canada | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Olga | November 24 – December 7, 2001 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) | Bermuda, The Bahamas, Cuba, Florida | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Kyle | September 20 – October 14, 2002 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Bermuda, Florida, Georgia, The Carolinas, British Isles | 1 | $5 million | [2] |
Claudette | July 8 – 17, 2003 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 979 hPa (28.91 inHg) | Windward Islands, Jamaica, Yucatán Peninsula, Northern Mexico, Texas | 3 | $181 million | [2] |
Danny | July 16 – 21, 2003 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Erika | August 14 – 17, 2003 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | Florida, Mexico, Southern Texas | 2 | $100 thousand | [2] |
Gaston | August 27 – September 3, 2004 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | The Carolinas, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, Massachusetts | 9 | $130 million | [2] |
Lisa | September 19 – October 3, 2004 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | None | 0 | None | [2] |
Cindy | July 3 – 12, 2005 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) | Yucatán Peninsula, The Carolinas, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana | 3 | $320 million | [2] |
Nate | September 5 – 13, 2005 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 976 hPa (28.82 inHg) | Bermuda, East Coast of the United States, Scotland, Norway | 2 | Minimal | [2] |
Ophelia | September 6 – 23, 2005 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 976 hPa (28.82 inHg) | The Bahamas, Eastern Coast of the United States, Atlantic Canada, Europe | 3 | $70 million | [2] |
Philippe | September 17 – 23, 2005 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Bermuda | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Stan | October 1 – 5, 2005 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Belize, Guatemala, Mexico | 1,668 | $3.96 billion | [2] |
Vince | October 8 – 11, 2005 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | Madeira Islands, Southern Portugal, Southwestern Spain | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Epsilon | November 29 – December 10, 2005 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | None | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Ernesto | August 24 – September 1, 2006 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Cuba, East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Canada | 11 | $500 million | [2] |
Florence | September 3 – 18, 2006 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 974 hPa (28.76 inHg) | Bermuda, Newfoundland, East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Canada, Iceland, Greenland | 0 | $200 thousand | [2] |
Isaac | September 27 – October 2, 2006 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Newfoundland | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Humberto | September 12 – 14, 2007 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, The Carolinas | 1 | $50 million | [2] |
Karen | September 25 – 29, 2007 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | None | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Lorenzo | September 25 – 28, 2007 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Central Mexico | 6 | $92 million | [2] |
Noel | October 28 – November 7, 2007 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Jamaica, Cuba, Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, Florida, Eastern United States, Eastern Canada, Greenland, Western Europe | 222 | $580 million | [2] |
Hanna | August 28 – September 12, 2008 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | Puerto Rico, Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, Hispaniola, East Coast of the United States, Atlantic Canada | 537 | $160 million | [2] |
Kyle | September 25 – 30, 2008 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) | Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Bermuda, New England, Atlantic Canada | 8 | $57.1 million | [2] |
Lisa | September 20 – 26, 2010 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 982 hPa (29.00 inHg) | None | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Otto | October 6 – 18, 2010 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 976 hPa (28.82 inHg) | Leeward Islands, Virgin Islands, Puerto Rico, Azores, Canary Islands | 0 | ≥ $22.5 million | [2] |
Shary | October 28 – 31, 2010 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) | Bermuda | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Maria | September 5 – September 18, 2011 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Bermuda, Newfoundland, Europe | 0 | ≥ $1.3 million | [2] |
Nate | September 7 – 12, 2011 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | Mexico | 5 | Minimal | [2] |
Philippe | September 24 – October 8, 2011 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 976 hPa (28.82 inHg) | None | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Chris | June 18 – 22, 2012 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 974 hPa (28.76 inHg) | Bermuda, Atlantic Canada | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Isaac | August 21 – September 3, 2012 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Leeward Islands, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Cuba, The Bahamas, Southeastern United States, Midwestern United States | 41 | ≥ $3.11 billion | [2] |
Leslie | August 30 – September 12, 2012 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 968 hPa (28.59 inHg) | Leeward Islands, Bermuda, Atlantic Canada | 0 | $10.1 million | [2] |
Nadine | September 10 – October 4, 2012 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 978 hPa (28.88 inHg) | Mexico, Texas | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Humberto | September 8 – 19, 2013 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 979 hPa (28.91 inHg) | Cape Verde | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Ingrid | September 12 – 17, 2013 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Mexico, Texas | 32 | ≥ $1.5 billion | [2] |
Bertha | August 1 – 16, 2014 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Cuba, Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, East Coast of the United States, Western Europe | 0 | ≥ $3.8 million | [2] |
Cristobal | August 23 – September 2, 2014 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, Turks and Caicos Islands, East Coast of the United States, Bermuda, Iceland | 7 | Unknown | [2] |
Fay | October 10 – 13, 2014 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Bermuda | 0 | ≥ $3.8 million | [2] |
Fred | August 30 – September 6, 2015 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) | West Africa, Cape Verde | 9 | $2.5 million | [2][27][28][29][30] |
Kate | November 8 – 11, 2015 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | Martinique, Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, The Bahamas, Europe | 0 | Minimal | [2] |
Alex | January 12 – 15, 2016 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | Azores | 1 | None | [2] |
Earl | August 2 – 6, 2016 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 979 hPa (28.91 inHg) | Greater Antilles, Central America, Mexico | 94 | $250 million | [2] |
Hermine | August 28 – September 3, 2016 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | East Coast of the United States | 5 | $550 million | [2] |
Franklin | August 7 – 10, 2017 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | Central America, Mexico | 0 | $15 million | [2] |
Nate | October 4 – 8, 2017 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 981 hPa (28.97 inHg) | Central America, Mexico, eastern United States | 48 | $787 million | [2] |
Beryl | July 4 – 15, 2018 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Greater Antilles | 0 | None | [2] |
Isaac | September 7 – 15, 2018 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | Lesser Antilles | 0 | None | [2] |
Leslie | September 23 – October 13, 2018 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 968 hPa (28.59 inHg) | Azores, Iberian Peninsula | 17 | $500 million | [2] |
Barry | July 11 – 15, 2019 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) | Southeastern United States (particularly Louisiana) | 1 | $600 million | [2][31][32] |
Pablo | October 25 – 28, 2019 | 80 mph (130 km/h) | 977 hPa (28.85 inHg) | Azores | 0 | None | [2] |
Hanna | July 23 – 27, 2020 | 90 mph (150 km/h) | 973 hPa (28.73 inHg) | Cuba, Hispaniola, United States Gulf Coast (mainly Texas), Northeast Mexico | 5 | $1.1 billion | [33][34] |
Isaias | July 30 – August 5, 2020 | 85 mph (140 km/h) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Lesser Antilles, Greater Antilles, The Bahamas, East Coast of the United States, Eastern Canada | 18 | $4.8 billion | [35] |
Marco | August 20 – 25, 2020 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) | Central America, Yucatán Peninsula, Gulf Coast of the United States | 1 | $35 million | [36] |
Nana | September 1 – 4, 2020 | 75 mph (120 km/h) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | Honduras, Jamaica, Belize, Guatemala | 1 | $20 million | [36] |
Other systems
In 1979, there was a subtropical storm in October that became a Category 1 equivalent subtropical cyclone at its peak.[2]
In 1996, the Lake Huron cyclone formed over the Great Lakes, and became a Category 1 equivalent subtropical cyclone at its peak.[37]
There have been instances of Mediterranean tropical-like cyclones having winds equivalent to Category 1 strength, including Cyclone Zorbas of 2018 and Cyclone Ianos of 2020. However, these are not tracked as Atlantic systems, and are often subtropical or non-tropical systems.
Climatology
Month | Number of storms |
---|---|
January | 2 |
February | 0 |
March | 0 |
April | 0 |
May | 4 |
June | 21 |
July | 39 |
August | 86 |
September | 146 |
October | 84 |
November | 32 |
December | 8 |
Landfalls
See also
- List of Category 1 Pacific hurricanes
- List of Category 1 South Pacific tropical cyclones
- List of Category 1 Australian region tropical cyclones
- List of Category 2 Atlantic hurricanes
- List of Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes
- List of Category 4 Atlantic hurricanes
- List of Category 5 Atlantic hurricanes
- Lists of Atlantic hurricanes
References
- Schott, Timothy; Landsea, Christopher W; Hafale, Gene; Lorens, Jeffrey; Taylor, Arthur; Thurm, Harvey; Ward, Bill; Willis, Mark; Zaleski, Walt (February 1, 2012). "The Saffir–Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale" (PDF). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 13, 2016. Retrieved May 24, 2018.
- "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)" (Database). United States National Hurricane Center. May 25, 2020.
- David Roth (February 4, 2010). "Texas Hurricane History" (PDF). National Weather Service. Retrieved November 26, 2020.
- Hurricane Research Division (2008). "Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Archived from the original on May 10, 2008. Retrieved May 23, 2008.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1851 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 12. Retrieved November 26, 2020.
- "The Deadliest Atlantic Tropical Cyclones, 1492-1996: Cyclones with 25+ deaths". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved November 26, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1852 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. pp. 17–20. Retrieved November 26, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1853 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. pp. 23–25. Retrieved November 30, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1855 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 33. Retrieved November 30, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1856 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. pp. 37–41. Retrieved November 30, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1857 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 45. Retrieved November 30, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1858 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. pp. 12–16. Retrieved November 30, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1859 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 26, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1860 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved November 27, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1861 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. pp. 33–39. Retrieved November 27, 2020.
- "Late Nineteenth Century Virginia Hurricanes". www.wpc.ncep.noaa.gov. Retrieved November 27, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1862 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. p. 44. Retrieved November 27, 2020.
- "MARINE INTELLIGENCE.; Cleared. Arrived. (Published 1862)". The New York Times. October 31, 1862. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 1, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1995). Year 1863 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. pp. 48–49. Retrieved November 27, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez-Partagas and Henry Diaz (1996). Year 1891 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. pp. 8–25. Retrieved November 26, 2020.Year 1891 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. pp. 8–25. Retrieved November 26, 2020.
- Jose Fernandez-Partagas (1996). Year 1892 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved August 31, 2015.
- Jose Fernandez-Partagas (1996). Year 1893 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved August 23, 2019.
- Jose Fernandez-Partagas and Henry Diaz (1996). Year 1897 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. pp. 57–69. Retrieved March 1, 2014.
- "Wreck Of The Triton" (PDF). The New York Times. Havana, Cuba. October 18, 1897. Retrieved March 5, 2014.
- Jose Fernandez Partagas and Henry F. Diaz (1996). Year 1898 (PDF). Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory (Report). Miami, Florida: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
- National Hurricane Center Hurricane Research Division (May 7, 2012). "Re-analysis of 1931 to 1935 Atlantic hurricane seasons completed" (PDF). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved June 17, 2014.
- "Seven fishermen killed by Hurricane Fred". Jamaica Observer. Kingston, Jamaica. Agence France-Presse. September 4, 2015. Retrieved September 4, 2015.
- "Pescadores desaparecidos: Polícia Marítima da Praia fala em falta de informação". A Semana (in Portuguese). Praia, Cape Verde. September 8, 2015. Archived from the original on September 28, 2017. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
- Jenkins, Gregory S.; Brito, Ester; Soares, Emanuel; Chiao, Sen; Lima, Jose Pimenta; Tavares, Benvendo; Cardoso, Angelo; Evora, Francisco; Monteiro, Maria (2017). "Hurricane Fred (2015): Cape Verde's First Hurricane in Modern Times, preparation, observations, impacts and lessons learned". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 98: 2603–18. Bibcode:2017BAMS...98.2603J. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-16-0222.1.
- "Fred e chuvas deixaram prejuízos de 250 milhões de escudos". A Semana (in Portuguese). Praia, Cape Verde. November 15, 2015. Archived from the original on September 14, 2017. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
- Cangialosi, John P.; Hagen, Andrew B.; Berg, Robbie (November 18, 2019). Hurricane Barry Tropical Cyclone Report (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 20, 2019.
- Adams, Char (July 15, 2019). "Good Samaritans Form Human Chain to Rescue Swimmers from Rip Current in Florida". PEOPLE.com. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
- "Father, Mississippi deputy, drowns while saving 10-year-old son at Sandestin beach". Pensacola News Journal. July 23, 2020. Retrieved July 23, 2020.
- "Huracán Hanna: hallaron los cuerpos de una madre y su hija arrastrados por la corriente junto a toda su familia". infobae (in Spanish). Retrieved July 27, 2020.
- Abed-nego Paulino (July 30, 2020). "Agricultor muere electrocutado en El Seibo durante el paso de tormenta Isaías". El Dia. Retrieved July 30, 2020.
- "Global Catastrophe Report 2020" (PDF). Aon. September 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on September 14, 2020. Retrieved September 14, 2020.
- Miner, Todd; Sousounis, Peter J.; Wallman, James; Mann, Greg (February 2000). "Hurricane Huron". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 81 (2): 223–36. doi:10.1175/1520-0477(2000)081<0223:HH>2.3.CO;2.
- "2014 Atlantic Hurricane Season". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved August 29, 2020.
- "2016 Atlantic Hurricane Season". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved August 29, 2020.
- "2017 Atlantic Hurricane Season". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved August 29, 2020.
- "2019 Atlantic Hurricane Season". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved August 29, 2020.
- "Hurricane HANNA Advisory Archive". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Retrieved August 29, 2020.
- "Hurricane ISAIAS Advisory Archive". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 1, 2020.
- "Hurricane MARCO Advisory Archive". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved August 24, 2020.
- "Hurricane NANA Advisory Archive". www.nhc.noaa.gov. Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 4, 2020.