Kashinsky District

Kashinsky District (Russian: Ка́шинский райо́н) is an administrative[1] and municipal[5] district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the east of the oblast and borders with Kesovogorsky District in the north, Uglichsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast in the east, Kalyazinsky District in the southeast, Kimrsky District in the south, Rameshkovsky District in the west, and with Bezhetsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 2,010 square kilometers (780 sq mi).[2] Its administrative center is the town of Kashin.[1] Population: 27,410 (2010 Census);[3] 12,701 (2002 Census);[8] 15,805 (1989 Census).[9] The population of Kashin accounts for 59.0% of the district's total population.[3]

Kashinsky District Кашинский район
District
Recreation camp in Kashinsky District
Flag Coat of arms
Location of Kashinsky District in Tver Oblast
Coordinates: 57°21′N 37°37′E
Country	Russia
Federal subject	Tver Oblast[1]
Established	1929
Administrative center	Kashin[1]
Area [2]
• Total	2,010 km^2 (780 sq mi)
Population  (2010 Census)[3]
• Total	27,410
• Estimate  (2018)[4]	24,566 (−10.4%)
• Density	14/km^2 (35/sq mi)
• Urban	59.0%
• Rural	41.0%
Administrative structure
• Administrative divisions	1 Urban settlements, 11 Rural settlements
• Inhabited localities	1 Cities/towns, 396 Rural localities
Municipal structure
• Municipally incorporated as	Kashinsky Municipal District[5]
• Municipal divisions[6]	1 Urban settlements, 11 Rural settlements
Time zone	UTC+3 (MSK [7])
OKTMO ID	28624000
Website	http://www.kashin.info/

Geography

The Kashinka River in the village of Bezguzovo.

The whole area of the district belongs to the drainage basin of the Volga River. The Volga, built as the Uglich Reservoir, makes the southeastern border of the district. The largest tributaries of the Volga within the district are the Medveditsa River, which crosses the southern part of the district and also makes the stretch of the border with Kimrsky District, and the Kashinka River.

History

Saint Anna of Kashin, the icon of the late 19th century

It is unclear when Kashin was founded, with plausible dates in the 12th and the 13th centuries, and it is reliably mentioned in 1287, when it belonged to Principality of Tver.[10] Since 1319, Kashin was the center of Principality of Kashin, which was first dependent on the Principality of Tver. In fact, Vasily, the first Prince of Kashin, was the son of Mikhail of Tver, and his mother and the wife of Michael, Anna of Kashin, lived in Kashin for the last years of her life. She was later canonized and is considered to be a saint protector of the town. Later, Kashin Principality was slowly drifting towards the Grand Duchy of Moscow. In 1375, it was accepted as an independent principality subordinate to Moscow, then between 1382 and 1399 it was a part of Principality of Tver, and in 1485 it was formally annexed by Moscow and abolished. In 1609 and 1612, during the Time of Troubles, Kashin was badly damaged by the Polish troops.[11]

In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate), but in 1727 it was transferred to Moscow Governorate. In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates, and Kashinsky Uyezd was established. In 1796, Tver Viceroyalty was transformed into Tver Governorate. On October 3, 1927 Kashinsky Uyezd was abolished and split between Bezhetsky and Kimrsky Uyezds.[12]

On July 12, 1929 the governorates and uyezds were abolished. Kashinsky District, with the administrative center in Kashin, was established within Bezhetsk Okrug of Moscow Oblast. On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished, and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast. On January 29, 1935 Kalinin Oblast was established, and Kashinsky District was transferred to Kalinin Oblast. On February 13, 1963, during the abortive Khrushchyov administrative reform, Kesovogorsky District was merged into Kashinsky District, but on November  3, 1965 it was re-established.[12] In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.

Economy

The district specializes in agriculture. Other developed industries include logging, liquor and vodka production, mineral water bottling, and production of electrical equipment.

The main natural resources in the district are mineral water and peat.

Transportation

Buses connect the district with Tver and Moscow, as well as provide local transportation. There also roads from Kashin to Kalyazin and Kesova Gora. A railway connects Kashin with Sonkovo and Moscow; there is infrequent passenger traffic.

Culture and recreation

Church of the Nativity of the Theotokos, Saltykovo.

The district contains fifty-two cultural heritage monuments of federal significance (thirty-six of them located in Kashin) and additionally eighty-seven objects classified as cultural and historical heritage of local significance (fifty-six of them in Kashin). The federal monuments are the historical buildings in the center of Kashin, including the ensemble of the Presentation Monastery, a number of churches built in the 18th and the 19th centuries, the Shepeli Estate in the selo of Shepeli, as well as a number of archeological sites.[13]

There is a local museum in Kashin, open in 1918.[14] Mikhail Kalinin, a Soviet politician, was born in the selo of Verkhnyaya Troitsa. A memorial museum is open in the house which used to belong to his parents.[15]

References

Notes

1. Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 224», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 28 224, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
2. "Archived copy" Кашинский район (in Russian). Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Archived from the original on August 26, 2013. Retrieved April 18, 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
3. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
4. "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
5. Law #4-ZO
6. Law #28-ZO
7. "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
8. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
9. "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
10. Морозова, Елена. "Archived copy" Сколько лет Кашину? (in Russian). Kashin District. Archived from the original on April 19, 2014. Retrieved April 18, 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
11. "Archived copy" Кашин и Кашинский район: исторические сведения (in Russian). Kashinsky District. Archived from the original on April 19, 2014. Retrieved April 18, 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
12. Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области (in Russian). Архивы России. Archived from the original on April 19, 2012. Retrieved April 18, 2014.
13. Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved June 2, 2016.
14. Кашинский краеведческий музей (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved April 18, 2014.
15. Мемориальный дом-музей М.И. Калинина (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved April 18, 2014.

Sources

• Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №4-ЗО от 18 января 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов», в ред. Закона №65-ЗО от 24 июля 2012 г. «О внесении изменения в статью 2 Закона Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований Тверской области и наделении их статусом городских округов, муниципальных районов"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №3, 21–27 января 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #4-ZO of January 18, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, as amended by the Law #65-ZO of July 24, 2012 On Amending Article 2 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations of Tver Oblast and on Granting Them the Status of Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication.).
• Законодательное Собрание Тверской области. Закон №28-ЗО от 28 февраля 2005 г. «Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Кашинский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения», в ред. Закона №19-ЗО от 13 апреля 2009 г. «О внесении изменений в Приложение №1 к Закону Тверской области "Об установлении границ муниципальных образований, входящих в состав территории муниципального образования Тверской области "Кашинский район", и наделении их статусом городского, сельского поселения"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тверские ведомости", №10, 11–17 марта 2005 г. (Legislative Assembly of Tver Oblast. Law #28-ZO of February 28, 2005 On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Kashinsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban, Rural Settlements, as amended by the Law #19-ZO of April 13, 2009 On Amending Appendix 1 of the Law of Tver Oblast "On Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations Comprised by the Territory of the Municipal Formation of "Kashinsky District" and on Granting Them the Status of Urban, Rural Settlements". Effective as of the day of the official publication.).

External links

• Map of Kashinsky District (in Russian)