Inverted roller coaster

An inverted roller coaster is a roller coaster in which the train runs under the track with the seats directly attached to the wheel carriage. This latter attribute is what sets it apart from the older suspended coaster, which runs under the track, but swings via a pivoting bar attached to the wheel carriage. The coaster type's inverted orientation, where the passengers' legs are exposed, distinguishes it from a traditional roller coaster, where the passengers' arms are instead exposed.

B&M style inverted roller coaster car.
Inverted roller coaster
StatusIn Production
First manufactured1992
No. of installations189
ManufacturersBolliger & Mabillard, Vekoma, Intamin, and Mack Rides
VehiclesSuspended trains
Restraint StyleOver-the-shoulder (most common style)

The inverted coaster was pioneered by the Swiss roller coaster designers Bolliger & Mabillard in the early 1990s. The first installation came at Six Flags Great America in 1992.[1] Batman: The Ride opened to much fanfare and was "cloned" many times at other parks. The inverted coaster quickly became an industry favorite with custom designs installed nearly every year. The tallest and fastest inverted coaster is Wicked Twister at Cedar Point at 215 feet (66 m) tall and reaching speeds up to 72 miles per hour (116 km/h). The longest inverted coaster is Banshee at Kings Island which travels along 4,124 feet (1,257 m) of track.

Other roller coaster manufacturers followed in the footsteps of Bolliger & Mabillard and began working on their own inverted coaster designs, including Vekoma, Intamin and other smaller companies. Intamin has few designs classified as inverted coasters, although they do install inverted coaster trains on some of their launched designs. Vekoma, on the other hand, usually mass-produces the same design (SLC (689m Standard)) with 41 identical coasters – and a few variations of that design – installed around the world.[2] Also, in recent years, Vekoma has become the first manufacturer to install a family-friendly inverted roller coaster. Giovanola also has a single inverted coaster operating.

The inversions usually include vertical loop, zero-g roll, Immelmann loop, cobra roll, and corkscrew.

Installations

189 inverted roller coasters have been installed at various theme parks, some of which have been relocated. The following list is not exhaustive and only shows the most notable installations.

NameParkOpenedManufacturerStatus
Batman: The RideSix Flags Great America1992Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Batman: The RideSix Flags Great Adventure1993Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Flight DeckCalifornia's Great America1993Bolliger & MabillardOperating
NemesisAlton Towers1994Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Batman: The RideSix Flags Magic Mountain1994Bolliger & MabillardOperating
RaptorCedar Point1994Bolliger & MabillardOperating
El CondorWalibi Holland1994VekomaOperating
DiavloHimeji Central Park1994Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Batman: The RideSix Flags St. Louis1995Bolliger & MabillardOperating
T3Kentucky Kingdom1995VekomaOperating
EurostarGerman Traveling Fairs1995Intamin/GiovanolaOperating
Flight DeckCanada's Wonderland1995VekomaOperating
HurricaneRusutsu Resort1995VekomaOperating
Lethal Weapon - The RideWarner Bros. Movie World1995VekomaOperating
Fly - The Great Nor'easterMorey's Piers1995VekomaOperating
F2 Fright FlightNasu Highland Park1995VekomaOperating
Mind EraserSix Flags America1995VekomaOperating
MontuBusch Gardens Tampa Bay1996Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Batman: The RideSix Flags Over Georgia1997Bolliger & MabillardOperating
The Great WhiteSeaWorld San Antonio1997Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Mind EraserDarien Lake1997VekomaOperating
Mind EraserSix Flags New England1997VekomaOperating
Mind EraserElitch Gardens1997VekomaOperating
Mayan AdventureFormosa Aboriginal Culture Village1997VekomaOperating
AlpengeistBusch Gardens Williamsburg1997Bolliger & MabillardOperating
JaguarIsla Magica1997VekomaOperating
NioMitsui Greenland1997VekomaOperating
Great BearHersheypark1998Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Linear GaleLaQua1998IntaminOperating
Volcano, The Blast CoasterKings Dominion1998IntaminClosed 2018
Blue TornadoGardaland1998VekomaOperating
Cape CobrasRatanga Junction1998VekomaClosed 2018
Kong
Formerly The Hangman
Six Flags Discovery Kingdom
Opryland
1998
1995
Vekoma Operating
Closed 1997
TornadoParque de Atracciones de Madrid1999IntaminOperating
Batman: The RideSix Flags Over Texas1999Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Dragon ChallengeIslands of Adventure1999Bolliger & MabillardClosed 2017[3]
Roller CoasterDream Park1999VekomaOperating
AfterburnCarowinds1999Bolliger & MabillardOperating
LimitHeide Park1999VekomaOperating
AnacondaGold Reef City1999GiovanolaOperating
Twisted TyphoonWild Adventures1999VekomaOperating
VampireWalibi Belgium1999VekomaOperating
InvertigoKings Island1999VekomaOperating
Queen BeeCenter Norte1999PinfariClosed 2007
DesafioParque de la Costa1999VekomaOperating
TornadoParque de Atracciones de Madrid1999IntaminOperating
KatunMirabilandia2000Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Batman: The RideSix Flags Mexico2000VekomaOperating
Mirage RossoZoosafari Fasanolandia2000Fabbri GroupOperating
KumbaSuperland2001VekomaOperating
MP XpressMovie Park Germany2001VekomaOperating
TalonDorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom2001Bolliger & MabillardOperating
TornadoSärkänniemi2001IntaminOperating
Great Fluffy Sky AdventureFuji-Q Highland2001Hoei Sangyo Co., Ltd.Operating
Screaming CondorLeofoo Village Theme Park2001IntaminOperating
Vertical VelocitySix Flags Great America2001IntaminOperating
Batman la FugaParque Warner Madrid2002Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Stunt FallParque Warner Madrid2002VekomaOperating
Wicked TwisterCedar Point2002IntaminOperating
Le VampireLa Ronde2002Bolliger & MabillardOperating
V2: Vertical VelocitySix Flags Discovery Kingdom2002IntaminOperating
Snow Mountain Flying DragonHappy Valley, Shenzhen2002VekomaOperating
Sky RocketDreamworld2002VekomaOperating
Jubilee OdysseyFantasy Island2002VekomaOperating
Queen BeeBotton's Pleasure Beach2002PinfariOperating
Nemesis InfernoThorpe Park2003Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Swamp ThingWild Adventures2003VekomaOperating
Flying Ace Aerial ChaseCarowinds2003VekomaOperating
Steel VenomValleyfair2003IntaminOperating
Suspended Looping CoasterSuzhou Amusement Land2003VekomaClosed 2017
TitánideTerra Mitica2003VekomaOperating
LightningKuwait Entertainment City2004Bolliger & MabillardClosed 2016
Silver BulletKnott's Berry Farm2004Bolliger & MabillardOperating
TsunamiM&Ds2004PinfariClosed 2016
GauntletMagic Springs and Crystal Falls2004VekomaOperating
AnacondaFantasy World2004Fabbri GroupOperating
BatLagoon2005VekomaOperating
Shenzhou CoasterBeijing Shijingshan Amusement Park2005Beijing ShibaolaiOperating
PatriotWorlds of Fun2006Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Black MambaPhantasialand2006Bolliger & MabillardOperating
KumaliFlamingo Land Resort2006VekomaOperating
UnknownNanhu2006Fabbri GroupClosed
Golden Wings in SnowfieldHappy Valley2006VekomaOperating
Infusion
Formerly Traumatizer
Pleasure Beach Blackpool
Pleasureland Southport
2007
1999
Vekoma Operating
Closed 2006
Vortex
Formerly Pusing Lagi
Siam Park City
Jerudong Park
2007
1997
Vekoma Operating
Closed 2005/6
Jimmy Neutron's Atomic FlyerMovie Park Germany2007VekomaOperating
Star FlyerStar City2007PinfariOperating
KvastenGröna Lund2007VekomaOperating
PhaethonGyeongju World2007Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Goliath
Formerly Batman: The Ride
Formerly Gambit
Six Flags Fiesta Texas
Six Flags New Orleans
Thrill Valley
2008
2003
1995
Bolliger & Mabillard Operating
Closed 2005
Closed 2002
ThunderhawkMichigan's Adventure
Geauga Lake
2008
1998
Vekoma Operating
Closed 2007
Possessed
Formerly Steel Venom
Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom
Geauga Lake
2008
2000
Intamin Operating
Closed 2006
Aftershock
Formerly Déjà Vu
Silverwood Theme Park
Six Flags Great America
2008
2001
VekomaOperating
Closed 2007
Firewhip
Formerly Blackout
Beto Carrero World
Suzuka Circuit
2008
1995
VekomaOperating
Closed 2007
Steel LassoFrontier City2008VekomaOperating
The Monster
Formerly Orochi
Walygator Parc
Expoland
2010
1996
Bolliger & Mabillard Operating
Closed 2007
Ednör - L'Attaque
Formerly Serial Thriller
La Ronde
Six Flags Astroworld
2010
1999
Vekoma Operating
Closed 2005
Battlestar Galactica: CylonUniversal Studios Singapore2010VekomaOperating
Sky Mountain
Formerly Déjà Vu
Mirabilandia
Six Flags Over Georgia
2011
2001
VekomaOperating
Closed 2007
Mountain PeakJinjiang Action Park2011VekomaOperating
Flying School
Formerly Swamp Thing
Legoland Florida
Cypress Gardens
2011
2004
VekomaOperating
Closed 2008
Goliath
Formerly Déjà Vu
Six Flags New England
Six Flags Magic Mountain
2012
2001
VekomaOperating
Closed 2011
Stinger
Formerly Invertigo
Dorney Park
California's Great America
2012
1998
VekomaOperating
Closed 2010
Triops
Formerly Tornado
Formerly Unknown
Formerly Hangover
Bagatelle
Somerland Syd
Allou Fun Park
Liseberg
2012
2005
N/A
1997
Vekoma Operating
Closed 2011
In storage 2003 to 2004
Closed 2002
OzIrisParc Astérix2012Bolliger & MabillardOperating
BansheeKings Island2014Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Family Inverted CoasterHappy Valley2014Bolliger & MabillardOperating
Arthur - The RideEuropa-Park2014Mack RidesOperating
Diabolik
Formerly Two Face: The Flip Side
Movieland Park
Six Flags America
2015
1999
VekomaOperating
Closed 2007
Mayan Energylandia 2015 Vekoma Operating
Hals-über-Kopf Erlebnispark Tripsdrill 2020 Vekoma Operating

See also

References

  1. Meyer, Russell (May 12, 2014). "Coaster Tech: An Insider's look at inverted coasters". themeparkinsider.com. Retrieved May 21, 2015.
  2. http://rcdb.com/cm7.htm
  3. "Dragon Challenge closing for a new Harry Potter ride". orlandoinformer.com. 24 July 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2018.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.