Buckhill Colliery Halt railway station

Buckhill Colliery Halt railway station was an unadvertised halt for workers at Buckhill Colliery north east of Camerton, near Cockermouth in Cumberland (now in Cumbria), England.[3]

Buckhill Colliery Halt
LocationCamerton, near Cockermouth, Allerdale
England
Coordinates54.6717°N 3.4638°W / 54.6717; -3.4638
Grid referenceNY056317
Other information
StatusDisused
History
Original companyCleator and Workington Junction Railway
Key dates
after 23 March 1887Opened for workmen's trains
By October 1923Closed[1][2]
Location
Buckhill Colliery Halt
Location in present-day Allerdale, Cumbria
Buckhill Colliery Halt
Location in present-day Cumbria, England
A 1904 Railway Clearing House Junction Diagram showing railways in the vicinity of the halt

Location

The halt is listed in the 1904 Railway Clearing House Handbook of Stations as "Buckhill Colliery".[4] It appears in two authoritative works, but does not appear in Jowett's railway atlas, nor can it be identified on any Ordnance Survey Map, although the colliery and its connection to the Cleator and Workington Junction Railway's "Northern Extension" is plain to see on successive OS Maps.[5][6][7]

The standard work on the line makes many mentions of the pit, its opening, closing and traffic, but no reference to a halt at, or workmen's services to the colliery.[8]

The company's 1920 Working Time Table lists the mine as a destination for mineral trains, but makes no mention of workmen's trains to or from it.[9]

Opening and closure

The connection to the colliery opened with the line on 24 March 1887,[10] but its passenger services and closure are unclear. As it was never publicly advertised standard works such as Bradshaw's Guide are silent. The pit closed in 1932 and part of the site was later used as part of RNAD Broughton Moor.

Services

Access to a C&WJR WTT for any date between 1884 and 1919 could give clear evidence of the halt's location and services.

History

The Cleator and Workington Junction Railway (C&WJR) was built in the late 1870s, being one of the fruits of the rapid industrialisation of West Cumberland in the second half of the nineteenth century, specifically being born as a reaction to oligopolistic behaviour by the London and North Western and Whitehaven, Cleator and Egremont Railways.[11]

It was originally intended to drive the line northwards across country to meet the Caledonian Railway and cross into Scotland by the Solway Viaduct, but an accommodation was made with the LNWR leading to the intended northern extension being greatly watered down to three lines:

  • a 1 mile 54 chains (2.7 km) link from Workington Central to Siddick Junction which opened in 1880
  • a 30 chains (0.60 km) link from Cloffocks Junction to the CKPR line which opened in March 1885, and
  • the 6 miles 30 chains (10.3 km) "Northern Extension" on the high ground past Buckhill Colliery to Linefoot.[12]

All lines in the area were primarily aimed at mineral traffic, notably iron ore, coal and limestone, none more so than the Northern Extension, which passed through open country. Passenger services were provided calling at Great Broughton, a mile north of Buckhill Colliery, but they were so unsuccessful they petered out after a mere two months. The C&WJR earned the local name "The Track of the Ironmasters".[13]

The founding Act of Parliament of June 1878 confirmed the company's agreement with the Furness Railway that the latter would operate the line for one third of the receipts.[14]

All C&WJR's lines were heavily graded. Almost all of the first three miles of the Northern Extension from Calva Junction to Buckhill was rising at 1 in 70, with gentler slopes thereafter to the extension's summit at Great Broughton[15] This favoured loaded coal and coke trains heading for Workington.

The Northern Extension became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway at the Grouping of 1923.

Like any business tied to one or few industries, the C&WJR was particularly at the mercy of trade fluctuations and technological change. The Cumberland iron industry led the charge in the nineteenth century, but became less and less competitive as time passed and local ore became worked out and harder to win, taking the fortunes of the railway with it. The peak year was 1909, when the C&WJR handled 1,644,514 tons of freight.[16] Ominously for the line, that tonnage was down to just over 800,000 by 1922, bringing receipts of £83,349, compared with passenger fares totalling £6,570.[17]

The high water mark for tonnage on the C&WJR was 1909, the high water mark for progress was 1913, with the opening of the Harrington and Lowca line for passenger traffic. A chronology of the line's affairs from 1876 to 1992 has almost no entries before 1914 which fail to include "opened" or "commenced". After 1918 the position was reversed, when the litany of step-by-step closures and withdrawals was relieved only by a control cabin and a signalbox being erected at Harrington Junction in 1919.

The Northern Extension was closed north of Buckhill in 1921 and subsequently lifted. Buckhill Pit closed in 1932, but the line to its site became a remarkable survivor because the Admiralty, attracted by a remote area with rail and sea access, chose part of the site of Buckhill Colliery and the surrounding area to build a rail-served armaments depot which opened in 1938 and closed in 1992, [18]taking the line with it. After the closure of the C&WJR south of Workington Central in 1965 all trains past the site of the halt to the armaments depot travelled south from Siddick Junction past Calva Junction, where they reversed towards Seaton.

Afterlife

By 2013 the trackbed through the site of the halt was a public off-road trail.

Preceding station   Disused railways   Following station
Camerton Colliery Halt
Line and station closed		   Cleator and Workington Junction Railway
Northern Extension		   Great Broughton
Line and station closed

See also

References
  1. Butt 1995, p. 47.
  2. Croughton, Kidner & Young 1982, p. 53.
  3. McGowan Gradon 2004, pp. 6.
  4. Wain 1982, p. 7.
  5. Buckhill Colliery and connection, via National Library of Scotland{
  6. Smith & Turner 2012, Map 26.
  7. Jowett 1989, Map 36.
  8. McGowan Gradon 2004, pp. 63 & 68.
  9. Haynes 1920, Throughout.
  10. Croughton, Kidner & Young 1982, p. 55.
  11. Anderson 2002, p. 309.
  12. McGowan Gradon 2004, p. 59.
  13. Anderson 2002, p. 313.
  14. Marshall 1981, p. 117.
  15. McGowan Gradon 2004, p. 64.
  16. McGowan Gradon 2004, p. 50.
  17. Suggitt 2008, p. 65.
  18. McGowan Gradon 2004, pp. 58-59.

Sources
  • Anderson, Paul (April 2002). Hawkins, Chris (ed.). "Dog in the Manger? The Track of the Ironmasters". British Railways Illustrated. Clophill: Irwell Press Ltd. 11 (7). ISSN 0961-8244.
  • Butt, R. V. J. (1995). The Directory of Railway Stations: details every public and private passenger station, halt, platform and stopping place, past and present (1st ed.). Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 978-1-85260-508-7. OCLC 60251199.
  • Croughton, Godfrey; Kidner, R. W.; Young, Alan (1982). Private and Untimetabled Railway Stations, Halts and Stopping Places. The Oakwood Press. ISBN 978-0-85361-281-0. OCLC 10507501.
  • Jowett, Alan (March 1989). Jowett's Railway Atlas of Great Britain and Ireland: From Pre-Grouping to the Present Day (1st ed.). Sparkford: Patrick Stephens Ltd. ISBN 978-1-85260-086-0. OCLC 22311137.
  • Haynes, Jas. A. (April 1920). Cleator & Workington Junction Railway Working Time Table. Central Station, Workington: Cleator and Workington Junction Railway.
  • McGowan Gradon, W. (2004) [1952]. The Track of the Ironmasters: A History of the Cleator and Workington Junction Railway. Grange-over-Sands: Cumbrian Railways Association. ISBN 978-0-9540232-2-5.
  • Smith, Paul; Turner, Keith (2012). Railway Atlas Then and Now. Shepperton: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7110-3695-6.
  • Suggitt, Gordon (2008). Lost Railways of Cumbria (Railway Series). Newbury, Berkshire: Countryside Books. ISBN 978-1-84674-107-4.
  • Wain, Peter (October 1982). Peascod, Michael (ed.). "Response to article about Linefoot". Cumbrian Railways. Pinner: Cumbrian Railways Association. 2 (12). ISSN 1466-6812.

Further reading
  • Conolly, W Philip (1998). British railways pre-grouping atlas and gazetteer (9th impression; 5th ed.). Shepperton: Ian Allan. ISBN 978-0-7110-0320-0. OCLC 221481275.
  • Atterbury, Paul (2009). Along Lost Lines. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 978-0-7153-2706-7.
  • Bairstow, Martin (1995). Railways In The Lake District. Leeds: Martin Bairstow. ISBN 978-1-871944-11-2.
  • Bowtell, Harold D. (1989). Rails through Lakeland: An Illustrated Journey of the Workington-Cockermouth-Keswick-Penrith Railway 1847–1972. Wyre: Silverling Publishing Ltd. ISBN 978-0-947971-26-7.
  • Joy, David (1983). Lake Counties (Regional History of the Railways of Great Britain). Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 978-0-946537-02-0.
  • Marshall, John (1981). Forgotten Railways: North West England. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. ISBN 978-0-7153-8003-1.
  • Robinson, Peter W. (2002). Cumbria's Lost Railways. Catrine: Stenlake Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84033-205-6.
  • Webb, David R. (September 1964). Cooke, B.W.C. (ed.). "Between the Solway and Sellafield: Part One". The Railway Magazine. London: Tothill Press Limited. 110 (761). ISSN 0033-8923.
  • Webb, David R. (October 1964). Cooke, B.W.C. (ed.). "Between the Solway and Sellafield: Part Two". The Railway Magazine. London: Tothill Press Limited. 110 (762). ISSN 0033-8923.
  • Western, Robert (2001). The Cockermouth, Keswick and Penrith Railway. Usk: Oakwood Press. ISBN 978-0-85361-564-4. OL113.
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