5β-Reductase

5β-Reductase, or Δ4-3-oxosteroid 5β-reductase (EC 1.3.1.3, 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid 5β-reductase, androstenedione 5β-reductase, cholestenone 5β-reductase, cortisone 5β-reductase, cortisone Δ4-5β-reductase, steroid 5β-reductase, testosterone 5β-reductase, Δ4-3-ketosteroid 5β-reductase, Δ4-5β-reductase, Δ4-hydrogenase, 4,5β-dihydrocortisone:NADP+ Δ4-oxidoreductase, 3-oxo-5β-steroid:NADP+ Δ4-oxidoreductase) is an enzyme with systematic name 5β-cholestan-3-one:NADP+ 4,5-oxidoreductase.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

(1) 5β-cholestan-3-one + NADP+ cholest-4-en-3-one + NADPH + H+
(2) 17,21-dihydroxy-5β-pregnane-3,11,20-trione + NADP+ cortisone + NADPH + H+
Δ4-3-Oxosteroid 5β-reductase
Identifiers
EC number1.3.1.3
CAS number2604034
Databases
IntEnzIntEnz view
BRENDABRENDA entry
ExPASyNiceZyme view
KEGGKEGG entry
MetaCycmetabolic pathway
PRIAMprofile
PDB structuresRCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum

The human enzyme efficiently acts on progesterone, 17α-hydroxyprogesterone, androstenedione, and testosterone to 5β-reduced metabolites. It can also act on aldosterone, corticosterone and cortisol, to some extent.

See also

References
  1. Dorfman RI, Forchielli E (November 1956). "Separation of delta 4-5 alpha-hydrogenases from rat liver homogenates". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 223 (1): 443–8. PMID 13376613.
  2. Brown-Grant K, Forchielli E, Dorfman RI (May 1960). "The delta4-hydrogenases of guinea pig adrenal gland". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 235: 1317–20. PMID 13805063.
  3. Levy, H.R. & Talalay, P. (1957). "Enzymatic introduction of double bonds into steroid ring A". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 79 (10): 2658–2659. doi:10.1021/ja01567a089.
  4. Tomkins GM (March 1957). "The enzymatic reduction of delta 4-3-ketosteroids". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 225 (1): 13–24. PMID 13416214.
  5. Sugimoto Y, Yoshida M, Tamaoki B (December 1990). "Purification of 5 beta-reductase from hepatic cytosol fraction of chicken". The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 37 (5): 717–24. doi:10.1016/0960-0760(90)90356-p. PMID 2278855. S2CID 54431282.
  6. Furuebisu M, Deguchi S, Okuda K (March 1987). "Identification of cortisone 5 beta-reductase as delta 4-3-ketosteroid 5 beta-reductase". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology. 912 (1): 110–4. doi:10.1016/0167-4838(87)90253-6. PMID 3828348.
  7. Okuda A, Okuda K (June 1984). "Purification and characterization of delta 4-3-ketosteroid 5 beta-reductase". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 259 (12): 7519–24. PMID 6736016.
  8. Charbonneau A, The VL (January 2001). "Genomic organization of a human 5beta-reductase and its pseudogene and substrate selectivity of the expressed enzyme". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression. 1517 (2): 228–35. doi:10.1016/s0167-4781(00)00278-5. PMID 11342103.
  9. Kondo KH, Kai MH, Setoguchi Y, Eggertsen G, Sjöblom P, Setoguchi T, Okuda KI, Björkhem I (January 1994). "Cloning and expression of cDNA of human delta 4-3-oxosteroid 5 beta-reductase and substrate specificity of the expressed enzyme". European Journal of Biochemistry. 219 (1–2): 357–63. doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb19947.x. PMID 7508385.
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