2022 Brazilian general election

2022 Brazilian general election
	2 October 2022 (first round); 23 October 2022 (second round, if necessary)
	2 October 2022 (first round); 23 October 2022 (second round, if necessary)
	Opinion polls
Incumbent President; Jair Bolsonaro; Independent	;
	Parliamentary election
Chamber of Deputies
Federal Senate

General elections are scheduled to be held in Brazil on 2 October 2022 to elect the President, Vice President and the National Congress. Elections for state Governors and Vice Governors, State Legislative Assemblies and the Federal District Legislative Chamber will be held at the same time.

Under 2020 rulling by the Superior Electoral Court, political parties must allocate part of their lists (and air time during election campaign) to the black candidates.[1]

Electoral system

Voting in Brazil is allowed for citizens over 16 years old and mandatory for those between 18 and 70 years old. Those who do not vote in an election and do not later present an acceptable justification (such as being absent from their voting location at the time) must pay a fine of 3.51 BRL (equivalent to 0.9 USD).[2][3] Brazilian citizens residing abroad only vote for president.

Presidential elections

The President and Vice President of Brazil are elected using the two-round system. Citizens may field their candidacies for the Presidency and participate in the general elections, which are held on the first Sunday of October (in this instance, 2 October 2022).[4] If the most-voted candidate takes more than 50% of the overall vote, he or she is declared elected. If the 50% threshold is not met by any candidate, a second round of voting is held on the last Sunday of October (in this instance, 23 October 2022). In the second round, only the two most-voted candidates from the first round may participate. The winner of the second round is elected President of Brazil. The President selects his/her Vice President.

Gubernatorial elections

The Governors and Vice Governors of all states and of the Federal District will be elected, in two rounds if needed, in the same way as the presidential election.

Federal Senate elections

One-third of the 81 members of the Federal Senate will be elected, the other two-thirds having been elected in 2018. One candidate will be elected from each of the states and the Federal District using majority voting.[5]

Chamber of Deputies elections

All 513 members of the Chamber of Deputies (Federal Deputies) will be elected, with candidates elected from 27 multi-member constituencies corresponding to the states and the Federal District, varying in size from 8 to 70 seats. The Chamber elections are held using open list proportional representation, with seats allocated using the simple quotient.[6]

Legislative Assemblies elections

All members of the State Legislative Assemblies (State Deputies) and of the Federal District Legislative Chamber (District Deputies), varying in size from 24 to 94 seats, will be elected. These elections are also held using open list proportional representation, with seats allocated using the simple quotient.

Presidential candidates

Alliance for Brazil (Independent)

Jair Bolsonaro – President of Brazil since 2019; Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro 1991–2019; City Councillor of Rio de Janeiro 1989–1991.[7][8][9][10]

Brazilian Democratic Movement (MDB)

Henrique Meirelles – Minister of the Economy 2016–2018; President of the Central Bank 2003–2011. Candidate for President in 2018.[11]

Brazilian Labour Renewal Party (PRTB)

Hamilton Mourão – Vice President of Brazil since 2019.[12]
Levy Fidelix – National President of PRTB since 1994. Candidate for President in 2010 and 2014.[13]

Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB)

João Doria – Governor of São Paulo since 2019; Mayor of São Paulo 2017–2018; President of Embratur 1986–1988; Municipal Secretary of Tourism of São Paulo 1983–1986.[7][14][9]

Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB)

Joaquim Barbosa – Chief Justice of the Supreme Federal Court 2012−2014; Justice of the Supreme Federal Court 2003−2014; Deputy Chief Justice of the Superior Electoral Court 2008−2009; Justice of the Superior Electoral Court 2008.[15]

Christian Democracy (DC)

José Maria Eymael – Federal Deputy for São Paulo 1986-1995.[16]

Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB)

João Goulart Filho – State Deputy from Rio Grande do Sul (1983-1987). Candidate for President in 2018.[17]

Democratic Labor Party (PDT)

Ciro Gomes – Federal Deputy from Ceará 2007–2011; Minister of National Integration 2003–2006; Minister of Finances 1994–1995; Governor of Ceará 1991–1994; Mayor of Fortaleza 1989–1990; State Deputy of Ceará 1983–1989. Candidate for President in 1998, 2002 and 2018.[18]

Democrats (DEM)

Luiz Henrique Mandetta – Minister of Health 2019–2020; Federal Deputy from Mato Grosso do Sul 2011–2019.[19]

Liberal Party (PL)

Cabo Daciolo – Federal Deputy from Rio de Janeiro 2015-2019. Candidate for President in 2018.[20]
Tiririca – Federal Deputy by São Paulo since 2011.[21]

New Party (NOVO)

João Amoêdo – National President of NOVO since 2019, 2011−2017. Candidate for President in 2018.[22]
Romeu Zema – Governor of Minas Gerais since 2019.[23]
Marcel Van Hattem – State Deputy from Rio Grande do Sul (2015-2018); Federal Deputy from Rio Grande do Sul since 2019.

Workers' Party (PT)

Fernando Haddad – Mayor of São Paulo 2013–2017; Minister of Education 2005–2012; candidate for Mayor of São Paulo in 2016. Candidate for President in 2018.[30][31]
Rui Costa – Governor of Bahia since 2015; Chief of Staff of Bahia 2012–2014; Federal Deputy from Bahia 2011–2015; State Secretary of Institutional Affairs of Bahia 2007–2011; City Councillor of Salvador 2001–2009.[31]
Camilo Santana – Governor of Ceará since 2015; State Deputy of Ceará 2011-2014.[32][33][34]
Wellington Dias – Governor of Piauí since 2015 and 2003-2011; Senator for Piauí 2011-2015[35]

Independents

Luciano Huck – Television presenter and entrepreneur.[22][36]
Sérgio Moro – Minister of Justice and Public Security 2019–2020; Federal Judge of the Regional Federal Court of the 4th region 1996–2018.

President
Jair Bolsonaro (ALIANÇA)
from Rio de Janeiro (born in São Paulo)
Former Federal Deputy
Ciro Gomes (PDT)
from Ceará
(born in São Paulo)
Former Minister
Sérgio Moro
from Paraná
Governor
João Doria (PSDB)
from São Paulo
TV presenter
Luciano Huck
from São Paulo
Former Mayor
Fernando Haddad (PT)
from São Paulo
Former President of the Supreme Federal Court
Joaquim Barbosa (PSB)
from Minas Gerais
Former Minister of Health
Luiz Henrique Mandetta (DEM)
from Mato Grosso do Sul
Vice President
Hamilton Mourão (PRTB)
from Rio Grande do Sul
Governor
Rui Costa (PT)
from Bahia
Governor
Romeu Zema (NOVO)
from Minas Gerais
President of NOVO
João Amoêdo (NOVO)
from Rio de Janeiro
Federal Deputy
Marcel Van Hattem (NOVO)
from Rio Grande do Sul
Governor
Wilson Witzel (PSC)
from Rio de Janeiro (born in São Paulo)
Federal Deputy
Tiririca (PL)
from São Paulo (born in Ceará)
President of PRTB
Levy Fidelix (PRTB)
from Minas Gerais
State Deputy
Janaina Paschoal (PSL)
São Paulo
Former Federal Deputy
José Maria Eymael (DC)
from São Paulo
(born in Rio Grande do Sul)
Former Federal Deputy
Cabo Daciolo (PL)
from Rio de Janeiro
(born in Santa Catarina)
Former State Deputy
João Goulart Filho (PCdoB)
from Rio de Janeiro
Senator
José Reguffe (PODE)
from Rio de Janeiro

Declined candidates

Drauzio Varella – Oncologist and immunologist.[37]
Luís Inácio Lula da Silva (PT) – President of Brazil 2003−2010; Chief of Staff of the Presidency 2016; National President of the Workers' Party 1980−1988, 1990−1994; Chamber PT Leader 1987−1988 Federal Deputy from São Paulo 1987−1991. Candidate for President in 1989, 1994 and 1998.[38][39]
Paulo Guedes – Minister of the Economy since 2019.[40]
Paulo Hartung – Governor of Espírito Santo 2015−2019, 2003−2010; Senator from Espírito Santo 1999−2001; Mayor of Vitória 1993−1997; Federal Deputy from Espírito Santo 1991−1992; State Deputy of Espírito Santo 1983−1991.[41]
Flávio Dino – Governor of Maranhão since 201; running for Senate.[42][43]

Oncologist
Drauzio Varella
from São Paulo
Former President
Luís Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
from Pernambuco
Minister
Paulo Guedes
from Rio de Janeiro
Former Governor
Paulo Hartung
from Espírito Santo
Governor
Flávio Dino (PCdoB)
from Maranhão