1989 in spaceflight
The following is an outline of 1989 in spaceflight.
.jpg.webp) The Galileo probe is deployed from Space Shuttle Atlantis on STS-34, beginning a fourteen-year mission to Jupiter | |
| Orbital launches | |
|---|---|
| First | 10 January |
| Last | 27 December |
| Total | 102 |
| Successes | 101 |
| Failures | 1 |
| Rockets | |
| Maiden flights | Ariane 4 44L Delta 4925 Delta 5920 Delta II 6925 Titan IVA |
| Retirements | Ariane 2 Ariane 3 Atlas G Delta 3920 Delta 5920 Titan 34D |
| Crewed flights | |
| Orbital | 6 |
| Total travellers | 27 |
The launch of the only Delta 5920 with the Cosmic Background Explorer.
Launches
| Date and time (UTC) | Rocket | Flight number | Launch site | LSP | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Payload (⚀ = CubeSat) |
Operator | Orbit | Function | Decay (UTC) | Outcome | ||
| Remarks | |||||||
January | |||||||
| 10 January 02:05 |
 Proton-K/DM-2 |
Baikonur Site 200/39 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 1987 (GLONASS) |
Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 1988 (GLONASS) |
Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 1989 (Etalon-2) |
Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 12 January 11:29 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk Site 16/2 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 1990 (Resurs-F2) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 11 February | Successful | |||
| 18 January 08:20 |
Soyuz-U |
Baikonur |
| ||||
| Kosmos 1991 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 1 February | Successful | |||
| 26 January 09:16 |
Proton-K/DM-2 |
Baikonur Site 200/40 |
| ||||
| Gorizont 17 |
Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 26 January 15:36 |
Kosmos-3M |
Plesetsk Site 132/2 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 1992 (Strela-2M) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 27 January 01:23 |
 Ariane 2 |
 Kourou ELA-1 |
Arianespace | ||||
 Intelsat 515 |
Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 28 January 12:30 |
Soyuz-U |
Baikonur |
| ||||
| Kosmos 1993 (Yantar-4K2) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 27 March | Successful | |||
February | |||||||
| 10 February 08:53 |
Soyuz-U2 |
Baikonur Site 1/5 |
| ||||
| Progress 40 |
Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 5 March 01:59 | Successful | |||
| 10 February 15:13 |
Tsyklon-3 |
Plesetsk Site 32 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 1994 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 1995 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 1996 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 1997 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 1998 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 1999 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 10 February 16:55 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2000 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 3 March | Successful | |||
| 14 February 04:21 |
Molniya-M/2BL |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2001 (Oko) |
Molniya | Early warning | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 14 February 17:00 |
Kosmos-3M |
Plesetsk Site 132/2 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2002 (Taifun-2) |
Low Earth | Radar calibration | 15 October | Successful | |||
| 14 February 18:30 |
 Delta II 6925 |
Cape Canaveral LC-17A |
McDonnell Douglas | ||||
| USA-35 (GPS II-1) |
US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Maiden flight of Delta II 6925 First flight of Block II GPS satellite | |||||||
| 15 February 11:00 |
Molniya-M/ML |
Baikonur |
| ||||
| Molniya 1-75 |
Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 17 February 14:59 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2003 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 3 March | Successful | |||
| 21 February 23:30 |
 Mu-3S-II |
Uchinoura |
ISAS | ||||
| EXOS-D Akebono |
ISAS | Low Earth | Aurora observation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 22 February 03:28 |
Kosmos-3M |
Plesetsk Site 132/2 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2004 (Parus) |
Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 28 February 04:05 |
Tsyklon-3 |
Plesetsk Site 32 |
| ||||
| Meteor 2-18 |
Low Earth | Earth sciences | In orbit | Successful | |||
March | |||||||
| 2 March 18:59 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2005 (Yantar-4K2) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 25 April | Successful | |||
| 6 March 23:29 |
Ariane 4 44LP |
Kourou ELA-2 |
Arianespace | ||||
| JCSAT 1 |
JSAT | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Meteosat 4 |
EUMETSAT | Geosynchronous | Weather satellite | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 13 March 14:57 |
Space Shuttle Discovery |
Kennedy LC-39B |
| ||||
| STS-29 |
NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 18 March 14:36 | Successful | ||
| TDRS-4 (TDRS-D) |
NASA | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with 5 astronauts | |||||||
| 16 March 14:59 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2006 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 31 March | Successful | |||
| 16 March 18:54 |
Soyuz-U2 |
Baikonur Site 1/5 |
| ||||
| Progress 41 |
Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 25 April 12:12 | Successful | |||
| 23 March 12:25 |
Soyuz-U |
Baikonur |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2007 (Yantar-4KS1) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 22 September | Successful | |||
| 24 March 13:38 |
Kosmos-3M |
Plesetsk Site 132/2 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2008 (Strela-1M) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2009 (Strela-1M) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2010 (Strela-1M) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2011 (Strela-1M) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2012 (Strela-1M) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2013 (Strela-1M) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2014 (Strela-1M) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2015 (Strela-1M) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 24 March 21:50 |
Delta 3920 |
Cape Canaveral LC-17B |
McDonnell Douglas | ||||
| USA-36 (Delta Star) |
US Air Force | Low Earth | Technology development | 23 June 1992 | Successful | ||
| Final flight of Delta 3920 | |||||||
April | |||||||
| 2 April 02:28 |
Ariane 2 |
Kourou ELA-1 |
Arianespace | ||||
 Tele-X |
Nordic Satellite AB | Operational: Geosynchronous Current: Graveyard |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Final flight of Ariane 2 Tele-X retired 16 January 1998 | |||||||
| 4 April 18:36 |
Kosmos-3M |
Plesetsk Site 132/2 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2016 (Parus) |
Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 6 April 14:00 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2017 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 19 April | Successful | |||
| 14 April 04:08 |
Proton-K/DM-2 |
Baikonur Site 200/39 |
| ||||
| Raduga 23 |
Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 20 April 18:29 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2018 (Yantar-4K2) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 19 June | Successful | |||
| 26 April 17:00 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk Site 41/1 |
| ||||
| Foton 5 |
Low Earth | Microgravity research | 11 May | Successful | |||
May | |||||||
| 4 May 18:47 |
Space Shuttle Atlantis |
Kennedy LC-39B |
| ||||
| STS-30 |
NASA | Low Earth | Interplanetary probe deployment | 8 May 05:43 | Successful | ||
| Magellan |
NASA | Cytherean | Radar mapping | 12 October 1994 | Successful | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with 5 astronauts | |||||||
| 5 May 13:00 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2019 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 18 May | Successful | |||
| 10 May 19:47 |
Titan 34D/Transtage |
Cape Canaveral LC-40 |
Martin Marietta | ||||
| USA-37 (Vortex 6) |
NRO | Geosynchronous | SIGINT | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 17 May 13:00 |
Soyuz-U |
Baikonur |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2020 (Yantar-4K2) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 15 July | Successful | |||
| 24 May 10:30 |
Soyuz-U |
Baikonur |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2021 (Yantar-1KFT) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 6 July | Successful | |||
| 25 May 08:50 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk Site 43/3 |
| ||||
| Resurs-F1 |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 17 June | Successful | |||
| Pion 1 |
Low Earth | Atmospheric research | 23 July | Successful | |||
| Pion 2 |
Low Earth | Atmospheric research | 24 July | Successful | |||
| 31 May 08:31 |
Proton-K/DM-2 |
Baikonur Site 200/40 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2022 (GLONASS) |
Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2023 (GLONASS) |
Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2024 (Etalon 2) |
Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
June | |||||||
| 1 June 12:59 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2025 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 15 June | Successful | |||
| 5 June 22:37 |
Ariane 4 44L |
Kourou ELA-2 |
Arianespace | ||||
| Superbird A |
SCC | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
 DFS-1 |
Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Maiden flight of Ariane 4 44L | |||||||
| 7 June 05:12 |
Kosmos-3M |
Plesetsk Site 132/2 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2026 (Parus) |
Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 8 June 17:09 |
Molniya-M/ML |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Molniya 3-45L |
Molniya | Communications | 14 December 2001 | Successful | |||
| 9 June 10:10 |
Tsyklon-3 |
Plesetsk Site 32/2 |
| ||||
| Okean-01 |
Intended: Low Earth | 9 June | Launch failure | ||||
| 10 June 22:19 |
Delta II 6925 |
Cape Canaveral LC-17A |
McDonnell Douglas | ||||
| USA-38 (GPS II-2) |
US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 14 June 12:30 |
Kosmos-3M |
Plesetsk Site 133/3 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2027 (Taifun-1) |
Low Earth | Radar calibration | 14 April 1992 | Successful | |||
| 14 June 13:18 |
Titan IVA 402/IUS |
Cape Canaveral LC-41 |
Martin Marietta | ||||
| USA-39 (DSP-14) |
US Air Force | Geosynchronous | Early warning | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Maiden flight of Titan IVA | |||||||
| 16 June 09:30 |
Soyuz-U |
Baikonur |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2028 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 6 July | Successful | |||
| 21 June 23:35 |
Proton-K/DM-2 |
Baikonur Site 200/39 |
| ||||
| Raduga 1-1 |
Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 27 June 08:04 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk Site 16/2 |
| ||||
| Resurs-F2 |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 11 July | Successful | |||
July | |||||||
| 4 July 15:21 |
Kosmos-3M |
Plesetsk Site 133/3 |
| ||||
| Nadezhda 1 |
Low Earth | Maritime surveillance | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 5 July 08:00 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2029 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 17 July | Successful | |||
| 5 July 22:45 |
Proton-K/DM-2 |
Baikonur Site 200/40 |
| ||||
| Gorizont 18 |
Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 12 July 00:14 |
Ariane 3 |
Kourou ELA-1 |
Arianespace | ||||
| Olympus 1 |
ESA | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Final flight of Ariane 3 and launch from ELA-1 | |||||||
| 12 July 15:00 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2030 (Yantar-4K2) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 28 July | Spacecraft failure | |||
| Spacecraft exploded in orbit on 28 July | |||||||
| 18 July 09:44 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk Site 16/2 |
| ||||
| Resurs-F3 |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 8 August | Successful | |||
| Pion 3 |
Low Earth | Atmospheric research | 19 September | Successful | |||
| Pion 4 |
Low Earth | Atmospheric research | 19 September | Successful | |||
| 18 July 12:10 |
Soyuz-U2 |
Baikonur Site 1/5 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2031 (Ortlets-1) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 15 September | Successful | |||
| 20 July 08:59 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2032 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 3 August | Successful | |||
| 24 July 00:00 |
Tsyklon-2 |
Baikonur Site 90 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2033 (US-P) |
Low Earth | ELINT | 6 January 1991 | Successful | |||
| 25 July 07:48 |
Kosmos-3M |
Plesetsk Site 133/3 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2034 (Parus) |
Low Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | |||
August | |||||||
| 2 August 11:29 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2035 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 16 August | Successful | |||
| 8 August 12:37 |
Space Shuttle Columbia |
Kennedy LC-39B |
| ||||
| STS-28 |
NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 13 August | Successful | ||
| USA-40 (SDS-2-1) |
US Air Force | Molniya | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| USA-41 |
DoD | SIGINT | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Crewed orbital flight with 5 astronauts | |||||||
| 8 August 23:25 |
Ariane 4 44LP |
Kourou ELA-2 |
Arianespace | ||||
| TV-Sat 2 |
Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Hipparcos |
ESA | Geosynchronous transfer | Astronomy | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 15 August 10:29 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk Site 43/4 |
| ||||
| Resurs-F4 |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 14 September | Successful | |||
| 18 August 05:57 |
Delta II 6925 |
Cape Canaveral LC-17A |
McDonnell Douglas | ||||
| USA-42 (GPS II-3) |
US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 22 August 12:59 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2036 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 5 September | Successful | |||
| 23 August 03:09 |
Soyuz-U2 |
Baikonur Site 1/5 |
| ||||
| Progress M-1 |
Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 1 December 11:21 | Successful | |||
| Maiden flight of Progress-M spacecraft | |||||||
| 27 August 22:59 |
Delta 4925 |
Cape Canaveral LC-17B |
McDonnell Douglas | ||||
 Marco Polo 1 |
BSkyB | Operational: Geosynchronous Current: Graveyard |
Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Maiden flight of Delta 4925 | |||||||
| 28 August 00:14 |
Tsyklon-3 |
Plesetsk Site 32/2 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2037 (Geo-IK) |
Low Earth | Earth science | In orbit | Successful | |||
September | |||||||
| 4 September 05:54 |
Titan 34D/Transtage |
Cape Canaveral LC-40 |
Martin Marietta | ||||
| USA-43 (DSCS-II) |
DoD | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| USA-44 (DSCS-III) |
DoD | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Final flight of Titan 34D and Transtage upper stage | |||||||
| 5 September 19:11 |
H-I |
Tanegashima LA-N |
Mitsubishi | ||||
| GMS-4 |
NASDA | Geosynchronous | Weather satellite | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 5 September 21:38 |
Soyuz-U2 |
Baikonur Site 1/5 |
| ||||
| Soyuz TM-8 |
Low Earth (Mir) | Mir EO-5 | 19 February 1990 04:36 | Successful | |||
| Crewed orbital flight with 2 cosmonauts | |||||||
| 6 September 01:48 |
Titan II 23G |
Vandenberg SLC-4W |
Martin Marietta | ||||
| USA-45 |
DoD | SIGINT | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 6 September 10:49 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk Site 43/3 |
| ||||
| /Resurs-F5 |
Low Earth | Microgravity experiments | 22 September | Successful | |||
| 14 September 09:49 |
Tsyklon-3 |
Plesetsk Site 32 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2038 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2039 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2040 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2041 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2042 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| Kosmos 2043 (Strela-3) |
Low Earth | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 15 September 06:30 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| //Kosmos 2044 (Bion 9) |
ESA/NASA | Low Earth | Microgravity research | 29 September | Successful | ||
| 22 September 08:00 |
Soyuz-U |
Baikonur |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2045 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 2 October | Successful | |||
| 25 September 08:56 |
Atlas G |
Cape Canaveral LC-36B |
Lockheed | ||||
| USA-46 (FLTSATCOM 8) |
DoD | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Final flight of Atlas G | |||||||
| 27 September 14:38 |
Molniya-M/ML |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Molniya 1-76 |
Molniya | Communications | 11 November 2000 | Successful | |||
| 27 September 16:20 |
Tsyklon-2 |
Baikonur Site 90 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2046 (US-P) |
Low Earth | Naval reconnaissance | 16 April 1991 | Successful | |||
| 28 September 00:04 |
Tsyklon-3 |
Plesetsk Site 32/2 |
| ||||
| Intercosmos 24 |
Low Earth | Atmospheric research | In orbit | Successful | |||
 Magion 2 |
Low Earth | Atmospheric research | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 28 September 17:05 |
Proton-K/DM-2 |
Baikonur Site 200/40 |
| ||||
| Gorizont 19 |
Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
October | |||||||
| 3 October 14:59 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2047 (Yantar-4K2) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 21 November | Successful | |||
| 17 October 13:00 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2048 (Zenit-8) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 26 October | Successful | |||
| 18 October 16:53 |
Space Shuttle Atlantis |
Kennedy LC-39B |
| ||||
| STS-34 |
NASA | Low Earth | Interplanetary probe deployment | 23 October | Successful | ||
| Galileo |
NASA | Jovian | Jupiter orbiter | 21 September 2003 | Successful | ||
| Galileo Probe |
NASA | Jovian | Jupiter entry probe | 7 December 1995 | Successful | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with 5 astronauts | |||||||
| 21 October 09:31 |
Delta II 6925 |
Cape Canaveral LC-17A |
McDonnell Douglas | ||||
| USA-47 (GPS II-4) |
US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 24 October 21:35 |
Tsyklon-3 |
Plesetsk Site 32 |
| ||||
| Meteor 3-3 |
Low Earth | Earth science | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 27 October 23:05 |
Ariane 4 44L |
Kourou ELA-2 |
Arianespace | ||||
| Intelsat 602 |
Intelsat | Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | ||
November | |||||||
| 17 November 10:50 |
Soyuz-U |
Baikonur |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2049 (Yantar-4KS1) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 19 June 1990 | Successful | |||
| 18 November 14:34 |
Delta 5920 |
Vandenberg SLC-2W |
McDonnell Douglas | ||||
| COBE |
NASA | Sun-synchronous | Cosmology | In orbit | Successful | ||
| Only flight of Delta 5920 | |||||||
| 23 November 00:23 |
Space Shuttle Discovery |
Kennedy LC-39B |
| ||||
| STS-33 |
NASA | Low Earth | Satellite deployment | 28 November | Successful | ||
| USA-48 (Magnum-2) |
NRO | Geosynchronous | ELINT | In orbit | Operational | ||
| Crewed orbital flight with 5 astronauts | |||||||
| 23 November 20:35 |
Molniya-M/2BL |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2050 (Oko) |
Molniya | Early warning | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 24 November 23:22 |
Tsyklon-2 |
Baikonur Site 90 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2051 (US-P) |
Low Earth | Naval reconnaissance | 21 January 1991 | Successful | |||
| 26 November 13:01 |
Proton-K |
Baikonur Site 200/39 |
| ||||
| Kvant-2 |
Low Earth (Mir) | Mir component | 23 March 2001 05:50 | Successful | |||
| 28 November 10:02 |
Molniya-M/ML |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Molniya 3-46L |
Molniya | Communications | 20 May 2000 | Successful | |||
| 30 November 15:00 |
Soyuz-U |
Plesetsk |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2052 (Yantar-4K2) |
Low Earth | Reconnaissance | 24 January 1990 | Successful | |||
December | |||||||
| 1 December 20:20 |
Proton-K/D-1 |
Baikonur Site 200/40 |
| ||||
| /Granat |
CNES | High Earth | Astronomy | 25 May 1999 | Successful | ||
| 11 December 18:10 |
Delta II 6925 |
Cape Canaveral LC-17B |
McDonnell Douglas | ||||
| USA-49 (GPS II-5) |
US Air Force | Medium Earth | Navigation | In orbit | Successful | ||
| 15 December 11:30 |
Proton-K/DM-2 |
Baikonur Site 81/23 |
| ||||
| Raduga 24 |
Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Successful | |||
| 20 December 03:30 |
Soyuz-U2 |
Baikonur Site 1/5 |
| ||||
| Progress M-2 |
Low Earth (Mir) | Logistics | 9 February 1990 07:56 | Successful | |||
| 27 December 00:00 |
Tsyklon-3 |
Plesetsk Site 32/2 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2053 (Koltso 2) |
Low Earth | Radar calibration | 2 September 1997 | Successful | |||
| 27 December 11:10 |
Proton-K/DM-2 |
Baikonur Site 200/39 |
| ||||
| Kosmos 2054 (Luch) |
Geosynchronous | Communications | In orbit | Operational | |||
Deep-space rendezvous
| Date (GMT) | Spacecraft | Event | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| 23 January | Phobos 1 | Flyby of Mars | Failed orbiter mission |
| 29 January | Phobos 2 | Areocentric orbit injection | |
| 27 March | Phobos 2 | Enters synchronous orbit of Phobos | |
| 25 August | Voyager 2 | Flyby of Neptune | Closest approach: 44,800 kilometres (27,800 mi) |
References
Generic references:
Spaceflight portal
Spaceflight portal- Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
- Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
- Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
- Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
- Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
- Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
- Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
- Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
- Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
- "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
- "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
- "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
- "Space Information Center". JAXA.
- "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Footnotes
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