(543354) 2014 AN55

(543354) 2014 AN55 (prov. designation: 2014 AN55) is a trans-Neptunian object and a dwarf-planet candidate from the scattered disc, located in the outermost region of the Solar System, that measures approximately 600 kilometres (370 mi) in diameter. It was discovered on 25 January 2014, by astronomers with the Pan-STARRS survey at Haleakala Observatory on the island of Maui, Hawaii, in the United States.[1]

(543354) 2014 AN55
Discovery [1]
Discovered byPan-STARRS 1
Discovery siteHaleakala Obs.
Discovery date25 January 2014
Designations
2014 AN55
TNO [2] · SDO [3]
distant [1] · p-DP [4]
Orbital characteristics [2]
Epoch 31 May 2020 (JD 2459000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 2[2] · 0[1]
Observation arc14.86 yr (5,429 d)
Earliest precovery date12 March 2005
Aphelion77.584 AU
Perihelion34.256 AU
55.920 AU
Eccentricity0.3874
418.18 yr (152,739 d)
317.05°
0° 0m 8.64s / day
Inclination9.4372°
283.94°
≈ 8 March 2070[5]
±1.5 days
307.63°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
583 km (est.)[4]
671 km (est.)[3][6]
0.09 (assumed)[3]
0.10 (assumed)[4]
4.1[1][2]
4.3[7]

    Orbit and classification

    2014 AN55 belongs to the gravitationally perturbed population of scattered disc objects,[3] which, at their closest approaches, come close to Neptune's orbit at 30 AU, but their farthest distances reach many times of that.

    It orbits the Sun at a distance of 34.3–77.6 AU once every 418 years and 2 months (152,739 days; semi-major axis of 55.92 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.39 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic.[2] The body's observation arc begins with its first observation taken by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey on 12 March 2005.[1]

    Numbering and naming

    This minor planet was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 5 February 2020 (M.P.C. 121072) and has not yet received a name.[8]

    Physical characteristics

    Diameter and albedo

    Using an absolute magnitude of 4.3 from the Asteroids—Dynamic Site,[7] and assuming an albedo in the range of 0.05 to 0.25, the object's mean-diameter may be as low as 370, and as high as 820 kilometers.[6] Johnstons's Archive assumes a similar albedo of 0.9 and calculates a diameter of 671 kilometers using an absolute magnitude of 4.1.[3][6] American astronomer Michael Brown estimates a diameter of 583 kilometers, based on an absolute magnitude of 4.4 and an assumed albedo of 0.10.[4] According to Brown, a diameter of 600 km would give 2014 AN55 a highly likely dwarf-planet status.[4]

    References
    1. "(543354) 2014 AN55". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
    2. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 543354 (2014 AN55)" (2020-01-22 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
    3. Johnston, Wm. Robert (30 December 2017). "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
    4. Michael E. Brown. "How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system?". California Institute of Technology. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
    5. JPL Horizons Observer Location: @sun (Perihelion occurs when deldot changes from negative to positive. Uncertainty in time of perihelion is 3-sigma.)
    6. "Asteroid Size Estimator". CNEOS NASA/JPL. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
    7. "(543354) 2014AN55 – Summary". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
    8. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 2 March 2020.
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