ZK-93426

ZK-93426 (ethyl-5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate) is a drug from the beta-carboline family. It acts as a weak partial inverse agonist of benzodiazepine receptors,[1] meaning that it causes the opposite effects to the benzodiazepine class of drugs and has anxiogenic properties,[2] although unlike most benzodiazepine antagonists it is not a convulsant and actually has weak anticonvulsant effects.[3] In human tests it produced alertness, restlessness and feelings of apprehension, and reversed the effect of the benzodiazepine lormetazepam.[4][5] It was also shown to produce nootropic effects[6][7] and increased release of acetylcholine.[8][9]

ZK-93426

Names
IUPAC name ethyl 5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-9H-β-carboline-3-carboxylate
Other names ZK-93426; ethyl 4-methyl-5-propan-2-yloxy-9H-pyrido[5,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate
Identifiers
CAS Number	89592-45-0
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEMBL	ChEMBL1271047
ChemSpider	103086
IUPHAR/BPS	4347
PubChem CID	115210
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID401008889
InChI InChI=1S/C18H20N2O3/c1-5-22-18(21)17-11(4)15-13(9-19-17)20-12-7-6-8-14(16(12)15)23-10(2)3/h6-10,20H,5H2,1-4H3 Key: VMDUABMKBUKKPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1/C18H20N2O3/c1-5-22-18(21)17-11(4)15-13(9-19-17)20-12-7-6-8-14(16(12)15)23-10(2)3/h6-10,20H,5H2,1-4H3 Key: VMDUABMKBUKKPG-UHFFFAOYAG
SMILES CCOC(=O)C1=NC=C2C(=C1C)C3=C(N2)C=CC=C3OC(C)C
Properties
Chemical formula	C18H20N2O3
Molar mass	314.336 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

See also

• ZK-93423

References

1. Camerman, A; Mastropaolo, D; Hempel, A; Camerman, N (2005). "Ethyl 5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate: structural determinants of benzodiazepine-receptor antagonism". Acta Crystallographica C. 61 (Pt 4): o265–6. doi:10.1107/S0108270105005457. PMID 15805647.
2. File, SE; Pellow, S; Jensen, LH (1986). "Actions of the beta-carboline ZK 93426 in an animal test of anxiety and the holeboard: interactions with Ro 15-1788". Journal of Neural Transmission. 65 (2): 103–14. doi:10.1007/BF01256486. PMID 3009709. S2CID 7230560.
3. Jensen, LH; Petersen, EN; Braestrup, C; Honoré, T; Kehr, W; Stephens, DN; Schneider, H; Seidelmann, D; Schmiechen, R (1984). "Evaluation of the beta-carboline ZK 93 426 as a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist". Psychopharmacology. 83 (3): 249–56. doi:10.1007/BF00464789. PMID 6089247. S2CID 37990146.
4. Dorow, R; Duka, T; Höller, L; Sauerbrey, N (1987). "Clinical perspectives of beta-carbolines from first studies in humans". Brain Research Bulletin. 19 (3): 319–26. doi:10.1016/0361-9230(87)90100-6. PMID 2890423. S2CID 54287050.
5. Duka, T; Goerke, D; Dorow, R; Höller, L; Fichte, K (1988). "Human studies on the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist beta-carboline ZK 93 426: antagonism of lormetazepam's psychotropic effects". Psychopharmacology. 95 (4): 463–71. doi:10.1007/bf00172956. PMID 2905500. S2CID 25383323.
6. Duka, T; Edelmann, V; Schütt, B; Dorow, R (1988). Beta-carbolines as tools in memory research: human data with the beta-carboline ZK 93426. Psychopharmacology Series. 6. pp. 246–60. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73288-1_18. ISBN 978-3-642-73290-4. PMID 3064085.
7. Duka, T; Ott, H; Rohloff, A; Voet, B (1996). "The effects of a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist beta-carboline ZK-93426 on scopolamine-induced impairment on attention, memory and psychomotor skills". Psychopharmacology. 123 (4): 361–73. doi:10.1007/BF02246647. PMID 8867876. S2CID 36950692.
8. Moore, H; Sarter, M; Bruno, JP (1992). "Age-dependent modulation of in vivo cortical acetylcholine release by benzodiazepine receptor ligands". Brain Research. 596 (1–2): 17–29. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(92)91527-L. PMID 1334777. S2CID 39356368.
9. Moore, H; Sarter, M; Bruno, JP (1993). "Bidirectional modulation of stimulated cortical acetylcholine release by benzodiazepine receptor ligands". Brain Research. 627 (2): 267–74. doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90330-P. PMID 8298971. S2CID 29549067.