Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of North Africa

Listed here are the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups found in various ethnic groups and populations from North Africa and Sahel (Tuaregs).

By population

Population	n	A/B	E(xE1b1b)	E-M215	F-M89	K-M9	G	I	J1	J2	R1a	R1b	Other	Study
Algeria	156	0	5.7%	52.5%	3.8%	0.6%	0	0.1%	21.7%	0.6%	0.6%	9.6%	4.9%	Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Algeria/Oran	102	0	7.9%	51%	0	0	0	0	22.5%	4.9%	1%	11.8%	1%	Robino et al. (2008)[2]
Algeria/Algiers	35	0	2.9%	54.3%	11.8%	2.9%	0	0	22.9%	5.7%	0	0	0	Arredi et al. (2004)[3]
Algeria/Kabyles/Tizi Ouzou	16	0	0	47.36 %	10.52 %	0	0	0	15.78 %	0	0	15.78 %	0	Arredi et al. (2004)
Algeria/Mozabites	67	0	4.5%	89.6%	0	0	1.5%	0	1.5%	0	0	3%	0	Dugoujon et al. (2009)[4]
Algeria/Chaoui	218	0	4.6%	84.4%	0.5%	0.5%	0	0.5%	4.6%	0.9%	2.3%	0	1.7%	Abdeli and Benhassine (2019)[5]
Tunisia	601	0.1%	1.1%	71.7%	2.6%	0.3%	0.1%	0.1%	16.6%	1.3%	0.5%	2.1%	3.7%	Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Tunisia/Sousse	220	0.5%	2.3%	54.6%	0	0	0.5%	0	25.9%	8.2%	0.5%	0.9%	6.8%	Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2015)[6]
Tunisia (immigrants to Italy)	52	0	0	57.7%	1.9%	1.9%	0	0	34.6%	3.8%	0	0	0	Onofri et al. (2008)
Tunisia/Bou Omrane Imazighen	40	0	5%	92.5%	2.5%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Ennafaa et al. (2011)[7]
Tunisia/Bou Saad Imazighen	40	0	0	92.5%	0	0	0	0	5%	0	0	0	2.5%	Ennafaa et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Jerbian Arabs	46	2.2%	0	80.4%	0	0	0	0	8.7%	2.2%	4.3%	2.2%	0	Ennafaa et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Jerbian Imazighen	47	0	0	93.6%	4.25%	2.1%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Ennafaa et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Chenini–Douiret Imazighen	27	0	0	100%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)[8]
Tunisia/Sened Imazighen	35	0	0	65.7%	2.9%	0	0	0	31.4%	0	0	0	0	Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Jradou Imazighen	32	0	0	100%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Andalusian Zaghouan	32	0	0	43.7%	9.4%	0	0	0	43.8%	3.1%	0	0	0	Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Tunis	33	0	0	66.5%	6.0%	0	3.0%	0	24.2%	0	0	0	0	Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2011)
Tunisia/Tunis	148	0	2%	49.3%	4.7%	0.7%	0	0	32.4%	3.4%	0.7%	6.1%	0.7%	Arredi et al. (2004)
Morocco	760	0.9%	6%	79%	0.2%	0	0.6%	0.1%	6.3%	1.3%	0	4.4%	0	Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Morocco	221	0	6.4%	75.9%	0.9%	1.8%	0.9%	0.5%	5%	4.1%	0	4.1%	0	Fregel et al. (2009)
Morocco/Arabs	49	0	0%	75.5%	0	0	0%	0%	10.2%	10.2%	0	0	0	Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/Arabs	44	0	0%	63.7	0	0	0%	0%	13.6%	2.3%	0	0	0	Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/Imazighen	64	0	6.3%	79.6%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	14.1%	Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/North-Central Imazighen	55	0	12.7%	65.1%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12.7%	Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco/South Imazighen	35	0	2.5%	85%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	12.5%	Semino et al. (2004)
Morocco	51	3.9%	5.9%	54.9%	0	0	0	0	19.6%	0	0	3.9%	0	Onofri et al. 2008[9]
Morocco	176	0	6.3%	66.7%	0	0	0	0	13.6%	0	0	2.8%	0	Bosch et al. 2001[10]
Morocco/Central	87	0	9.8%	62.2%	0	0	0	0	19.5%	8.5%	0	0	0	Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)[11]
Morocco/Amizmiz Valley	33	3%	6.1%	90.8%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Alvarez et al. (2009)
Morocco/Asni Imazighen	54	0	9.3%	85.2%	0	0	0	0	1.9%	0	0	1.9%	1.9%	Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Morocco/Middle Atlas Imazighen	69	2.9%	5.7%	81.1%	0	0	4.3%	0	5.8%	0	0	0	0	Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Morocco/Bouhria Imazighen	67	0	7.5%	79.1%	0	0	6.0%	0	1.5%	1.5%	4.5%	0	0	Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Sahrawi	89	0	20.2%	59.6%	0	0	0	0	20.2%	0	0	0	0	Fregel et al. (2009)
Libya	215	0	9.5%	48.5%	0	0	4.2%	0	30.5%	3.4%	0.4%	0	3.4%	Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013)
Libya	175	0.60%	0.6%	44.5%	4.6%	0.6%	1.1%	2.0%	27.4%	6.9%	1.7%	5.1%	4.9%	Triki-Fendri et al. (2015)[12]
Libya	83	1.3%	38.55%	53%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Egypt	360	1.3	2.9%	43.7%	1%	0.2%	5.6%	0.5%	20.8%	6.7%	2.1%	5.9%	10%	Bekada et al. (2013)[1]
Egypt	147	2.7%	2.7%	36.1%	0	7.5%	9.5%	0	19.7%	12.2%	3.4%	4.1%	2.1%	Luis et al. (2004)[13]
Egypt/Western Desert	35	0	5.7%	62.9%	0	0	0	0	31.4%	0	0	0	0	Kujanová et al. (2009)[14]
Egypt/Siwa Imazighen	93	28.0%	6.5%	12.0%	0	0	3.2%	0	7.5%	6.5%	0	28.0%	8.3%	Dugoujon et al. (2009)
Egypt(North)	44	2.3%	0	52.3%	6.8%	2.3%	0	0	9.1%	9.1%	2.3%	9.9%	6.8%	Arredi et al. (2004)
Egypt(South)	29	0.0%	0	31%	17.2%	10.3%	0	3.4%	20.7%	3.4%	0	13.8%	0	Arredi et al. (2004)
Canary Islands	652	0	1.4%	14.1%	0	0	4%	9.7%	3.5%	10.4%	2.8%	50.6%	0	Fregel et al. (2009)[15]
Tuaregs from Libya	47	0	42.5%	48.9%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	6.4%	2.1%	Ottoni et al. (2011)[16]
Tuaregs from Mali	11	0	9.1%	90.9%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Pereira et al. (2011)[17]
Tuaregs from Burkina Faso	18	0	16.7%	77.8%	0	5.6%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	Pereira et al. (2011)
Tuaregs from Niger	18	5.6%	44.4%	16.7%	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	33.3%	0	Pereira et al. (2011)
Sahara-Mauritania	189	0.5%	12.7%	66.6%	0	0	0	0	13.2%	0	0	7.4	0.1%	Bekada et al. (2013)[1]

By samples from country

Samples over-represent the smaller populations which are usually the subject of genetic studies [18]

Country[1]	n	A	B	E-M33	E-M2	E-M35*	E-M78*	E-V12	E-V32	E-V13	E-V22	E-V65	E-M81	E-M34	F	G	I	J1	J2	K	L	O	P,R	Q	R1a	R1b-V88	R1b-M269	R2	T
Mauritania/Western Sahara	189	-	0.53	5.29	6.88	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	55.56	11.11	-	-	-	13.23	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	6.88	0.53	-	-
Morocco	760	0.26	0.66	2.76	3.29	4.21	0.79	0.26	-	0.26	1.84	3.68	67.37	0.66	0.26	0.66	0.13	6.32	1.32	0.53	-	-	0.26	-	-	0.92	3.55	-	-
Algeria	156	-	-	0.64	5.13	0.64	1.92	0.64	-	0.64	1.28	1.92	44.23	1.28	3.85	-	-	21.79	4.49	0.64	-	-	-	0.64	0.64	2.56	7.04	-	-
Tunisia	601	-	0.17	0.5	0.67	1.66	-	-	-	-	3	3.16	62.73	1.16	2.66	0.17	0.17	16.64	2.83	0.33	-	-	0.33	-	0.5	1.83	0.33	-	1.16
Libya	83	-	-	-	38.55	-	-	-	-	2.41	-	4.82	45.78	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.41	-	-	6.02	-	-	-
Egypt	370	1.35	-	0.54	2.43	3.24	0.81	7.03	1.62	0.81	9.19	2.43	11.89	6.76	1.08	5.68	0.54	20.81	6.75	0.27	0.81	0.27	0.54	0.27	2.16	2.97	2.97	0.54	6.22

Geographic components for Y-DNA lineages

Component[19]	Morocco (n=760)	Algeria (n=156)	Tunisia (n=601)	Mauritania/Western Sahara (189)	Egypt (370)
North Africa	79%	62.5%	71.7%	66.6%	43.7%
Middle East	7.6%	26.2%	19.4%	13.2%	27.5%
Europe	4.4%	9.5%	2.1%	7.4%	5.9%
West Africa	6%	5.7%	1.1%	12.1%	2.9%
East Africa	0.9%	0%	0.1%	0.5%	1.3%

See also

• Africa
  • Maghrebis
  • List of ethnic groups of Africa
  • Languages of Africa
• Y-DNA haplogroups by group
  • Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Near East
  • Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Europe
  • Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of the Caucasus
  • Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of South Asia
  • Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of East and Southeast Asia
  • Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Oceania
  • Y-DNA haplogroups in populations of Central and North Asia
  • Y-DNA haplogroups in indigenous peoples of the Americas

Notes

References

1. Bekada, A; Fregel, R; Cabrera, VM; Larruga, JM; Pestano, J; et al. (2013). "Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape". PLOS One. 8 (2): e56775. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...856775B. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775. PMC 3576335. PMID 23431392.
2. Robino C, Crobu F, Di Gaetano C, et al. (May 2008). "Analysis of Y-chromosomal SNP haplogroups and STR haplotypes in an Algerian population sample". International Journal of Legal Medicine. 122 (3): 251–5. doi:10.1007/s00414-007-0203-5. PMID 17909833.
3. Arredi B, Poloni ES, Paracchini S, et al. (August 2004). "A predominantly neolithic origin for Y-chromosomal DNA variation in North Africa". American Journal of Human Genetics. 75 (2): 338–45. doi:10.1086/423147. PMC 1216069. PMID 15202071.
4. Dugoujon J.M., Coudray C., Torroni A., Cruciani F., Scozzari F., Moral P., Louali N., Kossmann M. The Berber and the Berbers: Genetic and linguistic diversities. In: Become Eloquent. Edited by J.M. Hombert and F. d’Errico. Ed. John Benjamins. pp 123-146; 2009
5. Abdeli, Amine; Benhassine, Traki (March 2019). "Paternal lineage of the Berbers from Aurès in Algeria: estimate of their genetic variation". Annals of Human Biology. 46 (2): 160–168. doi:10.1080/03014460.2019.1602166. ISSN 1464-5033. PMID 30939942.
6. Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. 2015, Sousse: extreme genetic heterogeneity in North Africa, Journal of Human Genetics (2015) 60, 41–49; doi:10.1038/jhg.2014.99; published online 4 December 2014
7. Ennafaa; Fregel; Khodjet-el-khil; Gonzalez (2011), "Mitochondrial DNA and Y-chromosome microstructure in Tunisia", Journal of Human Genetics, 56 (10): 734–41, doi:10.1038/jhg.2011.92, PMID 21833004
8. Fadhlaoui-Zid, K., Martinez-Cruz, B., Khodjet-el-khil, H., Mendizabal, I., Benammar-Elgaaied, A. and Comas, D. (2011), Genetic structure of Tunisian ethnic groups revealed by paternal lineages. American Journal of Physical Anthropology. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21581
9. Onofri et al. 2008, Y-chromosome markers distribution in Northern Africa: High-resolution SNP and STR analysis in Tunisia and Morocco populations
10. Bosch et al. 2001, High-resolution analysis of humanY-chromosome variation shows a sharp discontinuity and limited gene flow between Northwestern Africa and the IberianPeninsula.
11. Fadhlaoui-Zid et al. (2013), Genome-Wide and Paternal Diversity Reveal a Recent Origin of Human Populations in North Africa
12. Triki-Fendri et al. (2015), Paternal lineages in Libya inferred from Y-chromosome haplogroups
13. Luis, JR; Rowold, DJ; Regueiro, M; Caeiro, B; Cinnioglu, C; Roseman, C; Underhill, PA; Cavalli-Sforza, LL; et al. (2004). "The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: evidence for bidirectional corridors of human migrations". Am J Hum Genet. 74 (3): 532–544. doi:10.1086/382286. PMC 1182266. PMID 14973781.
14. Kujanová, Martina; Pereira, Luísa; Fernandes, Verónica; Pereira, Joana B.; Černý, Viktor (2009). "Near Eastern Neolithic genetic input in a small oasis of the Egyptian Western Desert". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 140 (2): 336–346. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21078. PMID 19425100.
15. Rosa Fregel; et al. (2009). "Demographic history of Canary Islands male gene-pool: replacement of native lineages by European". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 9 (1): 181. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-9-181. PMC 2728732. PMID 19650893.
16. Ottoni, C; Larmuseau, MH; Vanderheyden, N; Martínez-Labarga, C; Primativo, G; Biondi, G; Decorte, R; Rickards, O (May 2011). "Deep into the roots of the Libyan Tuareg: a genetic survey of their paternal heritage". Am J Phys Anthropol. 145 (1): 118–24. doi:10.1002/ajpa.21473. PMID 21312181.
17. Pereira; et al. (2010). "Linking the sub-Saharan and West Eurasian gene pools: maternal and paternal heritage of the Tuareg nomads from the African Sahel". European Journal of Human Genetics. 18 (8): 915–923. doi:10.1038/ejhg.2010.21. PMC 2987384. PMID 20234393.
18. http://thegeneticatlas.com/World_Y-DNA.htm
19. Bekada A, Fregel R, Cabrera VM, Larruga JM, Pestano J, et al. (2013) Introducing the Algerian Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosome Profiles into the North African Landscape" PLoS ONE 8(2) e56775. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0056775, Table 2. Geographic components (%) considered in Y-chromosome and mtDNA lineages.

External links

• Y-DNA Ethnographic and Genographic Atlas and Open-Source Data Compilation