Virginia's 1st congressional district

Virginia's first congressional district is a United States congressional district in the commonwealth of Virginia. It is a district split between a suburban north and rural south.

Virginia's 1st congressional district
Virginia's 1st congressional district boundaries from January 3, 2013 to January 3, 2017.
Representative
  Rob Wittman
R–Montross
Distribution
  • 69.54% urban[1]
  • 30.46% rural
Population (2019)824,942[2]
Median household
income		$90,181[3]
Ethnicity
Cook PVIR+8[4]

Virginian politicians now sometimes refer to it as "America's First District" since during the 20th century it included Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in the New World. However, Jamestown Island and the historic settlement were redistricted to the 2nd congressional district in 2017.[5][6][7] Moreover, in the 18th and early 19th century, it comprised northwestern Virginia (that became Frederick County, Virginia as well as the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia after the American Civil War). For years, the first district also included the other two points of the Historic Triangle–Williamsburg, the longtime capital of the colony, and Yorktown, where the decisive battle of the Revolutionary War was fought.[8][9] The district continues to include major military installations, and has been represented by Republican Rob Wittman since 2007.

2016 redistricting
This image shows the 2016 court-ordered VA Congressional districts.

As of 2016, the adjacent 3rd district has been ruled unconstitutional. New districts have been drawn. [10][11]

Recent results in statewide elections
Year Office Results
1996 President Dole 52%–40%[12]
Senator Warner 58%–42%[13]
1997 Governor Gilmore 60%–38%[14]
Lieutenant Governor Hager 55%–40%[15]
Attorney General Earley 62%–38%[16]
2000 President Bush 58%–39%[17]
Senator Allen 56%–44%[18]
2001 Governor Earley 51%–49%[19]
Lieutenant Governor Katzen 53%–46%[20]
Attorney General Kilgore 66%–34%[21]
2002 Senator Warner 85%–8%–6%[22]
2004 President Bush 60%–39%[23]
2005 Governor Kilgore 51%–46%[24]
Lieutenant Governor Bolling 56%–43%[25]
Attorney General McDonnell 56%–44%[26]
2006 Senator Allen 54%–44%[27]
2008 President McCain 51%–48%[28]
Senator Warner 61%–37%[29]
2009 Governor McDonnell 65%–35%[30]
Lieutenant Governor Bolling 62%–38%[31]
Attorney General Cuccinelli 58%–42%[32]
2012 President Romney 53%–45%[33]
Senator Allen 53%–47%[34]
2013 Governor Cuccinelli 52%–41%–6%[35]
Lieutenant Governor Jackson 51%–49%[36]
Attorney General Obenshain 56%–44%[37]
2014 Senator Gillespie 56%–42%[38]
2016 President Trump 53%–40% [39]
2017 Governor Gillespie 54%–44%[40]
2018 Senator Stewart 49%–48%[41]
2020 President Trump 51%–47%

Area covered

It covers all or part of the following political subdivisions:

Counties

Cities

The entirety of:

Historic district boundaries
2003–2013

The Virginia First District started in 1788 covering the counties of Berkeley, Frederick, Hampshire, Hardy, Harrison, Monongalia, Ohio, Randolph and Shenandoah.[42] Of these only Shenandoah and Frederick Counties are in Virginia today; the rest are now part of West Virginia. The modern counties of Clarke, Warren and most of Page as well as the independent city of Winchester were included as part of Frederick and Shenandoah counties in 1788. In West Virginia all the current state north and east of a generalized line running from Wood County to Pocahontas County was in the congressional district. The one exception was that Pendleton County, West Virginia was in Virginia's 3rd congressional district.

In the redistribution which followed the 1850 census (in force 1853–1863), the First District comprised sixteen counties in eastern Virginia. The counties included (amongst others) Accomack, Essex, Gloucester, James City, King and Queen, Mathews, Middlesex, New Kent, Richmond, Warwick and Westmoreland. In an 1862 Union special election three out of the sixteen counties in the Union district supplied returns.

The First District is noted for its strong presence of military institutions, including the Naval Surface Warfare Center. Increasing numbers of military and retired voters have swung the district to the right.[43]

Recent election results
2000 Virginia's 1st congressional district election
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican JoAnn Davis 151,344 57.5
Democratic Lawrence A. Davies 97,399 37.0
Independent Sharon A. Wood 9,652 3.7
Independent Josh Billings 4,082 1.6
Write-ins 537 0.2
Total votes 263,014 100.00
Republican hold
2002 Virginia's 1st congressional district election
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican JoAnn Davis (Incumbent) 113,168 95.9
Write-ins 4,829 4.1
Total votes 117,997 100.00
Republican hold
2004 Virginia's 1st congressional district election
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican JoAnn Davis (Incumbent) 225,071 78.6
Independent William A. Lee 57,434 20.0
Write-ins 4,029 1.4
Total votes 286,534 100.00
Republican hold
2006 Virginia's 1st congressional district election
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican JoAnn Davis (Incumbent) 143,889 63.0
Democratic Shawn M. O'Donnell 81,083 35.5
Independent Marvin F. Pixton III 3,236 1.4
Write-ins 326 0.1
Total votes 228,534 100.00
Republican hold
2007 Virginia's 1st congressional district special election[44]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rob Wittman 42,772 60.8
Democratic Philip Forgit 26,282 37.3
Independent Lucky R. Narain 1,253 1.8
Write-ins 75 0.1
Total votes 70,382 100.00
Republican hold
2008 Virginia's 1st Congressional District election[45]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rob Wittman (Incumbent) 203,839 56.6
Democratic Bill Day 150,432 41.8
Libertarian Nathan Larson 5,265 1.5
Write-in 756 0.2
Total votes 360,292 100
Republican hold
2010 Virginia's 1st Congressional District election[46]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rob Wittman (Incumbent) 135,564 63.9
Democratic Krystal M. Ball 73,824 34.8
Independent Greens G. Gail Parker 2,544 1.2
Write-in 304 0.1
Total votes 212,236 100
Republican hold
2012 Virginia's 1st Congressional District election[47]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rob Wittman (Incumbent) 200,845 56.3
Democratic Adam M. Cook 147,036 41.2
Independent Greens G. Gail Parker 8,308 2.3
Write-in 617 0.2
Total votes 356,806 100
Republican hold
2014 Virginia's 1st Congressional District election[48]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rob Wittman (Incumbent) 131,851 62.9
Democratic Norm Mosher 72,054 34.4
Independent Greens G. Gail Parker 5,097 2.4
Write-in 604 0.3
Total votes 209,606 100
Republican hold
2016 Virginia's 1st Congressional District election[49]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rob Wittman (Incumbent) 230,213 59.86
Democratic Matt Rowe 140,785 36.61
Independent Glenda Parker 12,866 3.35
Write-in 737 0.19
Total votes 384,601 100.00
Republican hold
2018 Virginia's 1st Congressional District election[50]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rob Wittman (Incumbent) 183,250 55.18
Democratic Vangie Williams 148,464 44.70
Write-in 387 0.12
Total votes 332,101 100.00
Republican hold
2020 Virginia's 1st Congressional District election[51]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Rob Wittman (Incumbent) 260,706 58.2
Democratic Qasim Rashid 186,927 41.8
Total votes 447,633 97.00
Republican hold

List of members representing the district
Representative Party Years Cong
ress		 Electoral history
Alexander White Pro-Administration March 4, 1789 –
March 3, 1793		 1st
2nd		 Elected in 1789.
Re-elected in 1790.
Lost re-election.
Robert Rutherford Anti-Administration March 4, 1793 –
March 3, 1795		 3rd
4th		 Elected in 1793.
Re-elected in 1795.
Lost re-election.
Democratic-Republican March 4, 1795 –
March 3, 1797

Daniel Morgan		 Federalist March 4, 1797 –
March 3, 1799		 5th Elected in 1797.
Retired.
Robert Page Federalist March 4, 1799 –
March 3, 1801		 6th Elected in 1799.
Retired.
John Smith Democratic-Republican March 4, 1801 –
March 3, 1803		 7th Elected in 1801.
Redistricted to the 3rd district.

John G. Jackson		 Democratic-Republican March 4, 1803 –
September 28, 1810		 8th
9th
10th
11th		 Elected in 1803.
Re-elected in 1805.
Re-elected in 1807.
Re-elected in 1809.
Resigned.
Vacant September 29, 1810 –
December 20, 1810		 11th
William McKinley Democratic-Republican December 21, 1810 –
March 3, 1811		 Elected in November 1810 to finish Jackson's term and seated December 21, 1810.
Lost re-election.
Thomas Wilson Federalist March 4, 1811 –
March 3, 1813		 12th Elected in 1811.
Lost re-election.

John G. Jackson		 Democratic-Republican March 4, 1813 –
March 3, 1817		 13th
14th		 Elected in 1813.
Re-elected in 1815.
Retired.
James Pindall Federalist March 4, 1817 –
July 26, 1820		 15th
16th		 Elected in 1817.
Re-elected in 1819.
Resigned.
Vacant July 27, 1820 –
October 22, 1820		 16th
Edward B. Jackson Democratic-Republican October 23, 1820 –
March 3, 1823		 16th
17th		 Elected to finish Pindall's term and seated November 13, 1820.
Re-elected in 1821.
Retired.
Thomas Newton Jr. Democratic-Republican March 4, 1823 –
March 3, 1825		 18th
19th
20th
21st		 Redistricted from the 21st district and Re-elected in 1823.
Re-elected in 1825.
Re-elected in 1827.
Re-elected in 1829.
Election invalidated.
Anti-Jacksonian March 4, 1825 –
March 9, 1830
George Loyall Jackson March 9, 1830 –
March 3, 1831		 21st Won election contest.
Lost re-election.
Thomas Newton Jr. Anti-Jacksonian March 4, 1831 –
March 3, 1833		 22nd [data unknown/missing]
Retired.
George Loyall Jackson March 4, 1833 –
March 3, 1837		 23rd
24th		 [data unknown/missing]
Retired.
Francis Mallory Whig March 4, 1837 –
March 3, 1839		 25th [data unknown/missing]
Lost re-election.

Joel Holleman		 Democratic March 4, 1839 –
December 1, 1840		 26th [data unknown/missing]
Resigned.
Vacant December 2, 1840 –
December 27, 1840
Francis Mallory Whig December 28, 1840 –
March 3, 1843		 26th
27th		 Elected to finish Holleman's term.
Retired.
Archibald Atkinson Democratic March 4, 1843 –
March 3, 1849		 28th
29th
30th		 [data unknown/missing]
Retired.

John S. Millson		 Democratic March 4, 1849 –
March 3, 1853		 31st
32nd		 [data unknown/missing]
Redistricted to the Virginia's 2nd district.
Thomas H. Bayly Democratic March 4, 1853 –
June 23, 1856		 33rd
34th		 [data unknown/missing]
Died.
Vacant June 24, 1856 –
November 30, 1856		 34th

Muscoe R. H. Garnett		 Democratic December 1, 1856 –
March 3, 1861		 34th
35th
36th		 Elected to finish Bayly's term.
Retired.
Vacant March 4, 1861 –
October 24, 1861		 37th

Joseph E. Segar		 Unionist October 24, 1861 –
February 11, 1862		 Elected late.
Declared by the House to be not entitled to the seat.[52]
Vacant February 11, 1862 –
March 16, 1862

Joseph E. Segar		 Unionist March 16, 1862 –
May 17, 1864		 37th
38th		 Elected to finish his own term.[52]
Re-elected in 1863.
Declared by the House to be not entitled to the seat.[52]
Inactive May 17, 1864 –
January 30, 1870		 38th
39th
40th
41st		 Civil War/Reconstruction

Richard S. Ayer		 Republican January 31, 1870 –
March 3, 1871		 41st [data unknown/missing]
Retired.

John Critcher		 Democratic March 4, 1871 –
March 3, 1873		 42nd Elected in 1870.
Retired.

James B. Sener		 Republican March 4, 1873 –
March 3, 1875		 43rd Elected in 1872.
Lost re-election.

Beverly B. Douglas		 Democratic March 4, 1875 –
December 22, 1878		 44th
45th		 Elected in 1874.
Re-elected in 1876.
Re-elected in 1878, but died before his term began.
Vacant December 23, 1878 –
January 22, 1879		 45th

Richard L. T. Beale		 Democratic January 23, 1879 –
March 3, 1881		 45th
46th		 Elected to finish Douglas's term.
Retired.
George T. Garrison Democratic March 4, 1881 –
March 3, 1883		 47th Elected in 1880.
Lost re-election.
Robert M. Mayo Readjuster March 4, 1883 –
March 20, 1884		 48th Elected in 1882.
Election invalidated.
George T. Garrison Democratic March 20, 1884 –
March 3, 1885		 48th [data unknown/missing]
Retired.
Thomas Croxton Democratic March 4, 1885 –
March 3, 1887		 49th Elected in 1884.
Lost re-election.

Thomas H. B. Browne		 Republican March 4, 1887 –
March 3, 1891		 50th
51st		 Elected in 1886.
Re-elected in 1888.
Lost re-election.

William A. Jones		 Democratic March 4, 1891 –
April 17, 1918		 52nd
53rd
54th
55th
56th
57th
58th
59th
60th
61st
62nd
63rd
64th
65th		 Elected in 1890.
Re-elected in 1892.
Re-elected in 1894.
Re-elected in 1896.
Re-elected in 1898.
Re-elected in 1900.
Re-elected in 1902.
Re-elected in 1904.
Re-elected in 1906.
Re-elected in 1908.
Re-elected in 1910.
Re-elected in 1912.
Re-elected in 1914.
Re-elected in 1916.
Died.
Vacant April 18, 1918 –
July 2, 1918		 65th

S. Otis Bland		 Democratic July 2, 1918 –
March 3, 1933		 65th
66th
67th
68th
69th
70th
71st
72nd		 Elected to finish Jones's term.
Re-elected in November 1918.
Re-elected in 1920.
Re-elected in 1922.
Re-elected in 1924.
Re-elected in 1926.
Re-elected in 1928.
Re-elected in 1930.
Redistricted to the at-large seat.
District not used March 4, 1933–
January 3, 1935		 73rd

S. Otis Bland		 Democratic January 3, 1935 –
February 16, 1950		 74th
75th
76th
77th
78th
79th
80th
81st		 Elected in 1934.
Re-elected in 1936.
Re-elected in 1938.
Re-elected in 1940.
Re-elected in 1942.
Re-elected in 1944.
Re-elected in 1946.
Re-elected in 1948.
Died.
Vacant February 16, 1950 –
May 2, 1950		 81st

Edward J. Robeson Jr.		 Democratic May 2, 1950 –
January 3, 1959		 81st
82nd
83rd
84th
85th		 Elected to finish Bland's term.
Re-elected in November 1950.
Re-elected in 1952.
Re-elected in 1954.
Re-elected in 1956.
Lost renomination.

Thomas N. Downing		 Democratic January 3, 1959 –
January 3, 1977		 86th
87th
88th
89th
90th
91st
92nd
93rd
94th		 Elected in 1958.
Re-elected in 1960.
Re-elected in 1962.
Re-elected in 1964.
Re-elected in 1966.
Re-elected in 1968.
Re-elected in 1970.
Re-elected in 1972.
Re-elected in 1974.
Retired.

Paul Trible		 Republican January 3, 1977 –
January 3, 1983		 95th
96th
97th		 Elected in 1976.
Re-elected in 1978.
Re-elected in 1980.
Retired to run for U.S. senator.

Herbert H. Bateman		 Republican January 3, 1983 –
September 11, 2000		 98th
99th
100th
101st
102nd
103rd
104th
105th
106th		 Elected in 1982.
Re-elected in 1984.
Re-elected in 1986.
Re-elected in 1988.
Re-elected in 1990.
Re-elected in 1992.
Re-elected in 1994.
Re-elected in 1996.
Re-elected in 1998.
Died after announcing his retirement.
Vacant September 11, 2000 –
January 3, 2001		 106th

Jo Ann Davis		 Republican January 3, 2001 –
October 6, 2007		 107th
108th
109th
110th		 Elected in 2000.
Re-elected in 2002.
Re-elected in 2004.
Re-elected in 2006.
Died.
Vacant October 6, 2007 –
December 11, 2007		 110th

Rob Wittman		 Republican December 11, 2007 –
Present		 110th
111th
112th
113th
114th
115th
116th
117th		 Elected to finish Davis's term.
Re-elected in 2008.
Re-elected in 2010.
Re-elected in 2012.
Re-elected in 2014.
Re-elected in 2016.
Re-elected in 2018.
Re-elected in 2020.

See also

References
  1. Geography, US Census Bureau. "Congressional Districts Relationship Files (state-based)". www.census.gov. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
  2. Bureau, Center for New Media & Promotion (CNMP), US Census. "My Congressional District". www.census.gov. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
  3. https://www.census.gov/mycd/?st=51&cd=01
  4. "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
  5. Andrew Cain (January 7, 2016). "Judges impose new Va. congressional map, redrawing 3rd, 4th Districts". Richmond Times-Dispatch. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
  6. "Supreme Court weighs legality of Virginia redistricting". The Hill. March 21, 2016. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
  7. Todd Ruger (February 1, 2016). "Supreme Court Allows Virginia Redistricting to Stand in 2016". Roll Call. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
  8. "Expressing Sorrow of the House at the Death of the Honorable Herbert H. Bateman, Member of Congress from the Commonwealth of Virginia". Congressional Record. Government Printing Office. September 12, 2000. Retrieved December 22, 2012.
  9. "Expressing the Condolences of the House of Representatives on the Death of the Honorable Jo Ann Davis, A Representative from the Commonwealth of Virginia". Congressional Record. Government Printing Office. October 9, 2007. Retrieved December 22, 2012.
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  11. By $${element.Contributor} (January 7, 2016). "Judges Select New Virginia Congressional Map". Rollcall.com. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
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  13. "November 5, 1996 General Election For Office of UNITED STATES SENATE". Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  14. "NOVEMBER 4, 1997 GENERAL ELECTION For Office of Governor". Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  15. "NOVEMBER 4, 1997 GENERAL ELECTION For Office of Lieutenant Governor". Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  16. "NOVEMBER 4, 1997 GENERAL ELECTION For Office of Attorney General". Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
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  20. "Official Results: Lieutenant Governor". Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  21. "Official Results: Attorney General". Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  22. "Official Results/U.S. Senate". General Election Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. November 5, 2002. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
  23. "Official Results/President". Commonwealth of Virginia/November 2nd – General Election. Virginia State Board of Elections. Archived from the original on December 28, 2012. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
  24. "Official Results/Governor". General Election – November 8, 2005. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
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  28. "President>President And Vice President>Votes By District". November 2008 Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
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  31. "Lieutenant Governor>Votes by District". November 2009 General Election Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
  32. "Attorney General>Votes by District". November 2009 General Election Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
  33. "President>President And Vice President>Votes By District". November 2012 Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
  34. "Congress>U.S. Senate>United States Senate>Votes By District". November 2012 Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved March 3, 2013.
  35. "Governor>Votes by District". November 2013 General Election Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  36. "Lieutenant Governor>Votes by District". November 2013 General Election Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  37. "Attorney General>Votes by District". November 2013 General Election Official Results. Virginia State Board of Elections. Retrieved July 5, 2020.
  38. "Turnout by Congressional District". The Virginia Public Access Project. Retrieved July 4, 2020.
  39. "2016 November General President".
  40. "2017 Governor's Election Results by Congressional District". The Virginia Public Access Project. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
  41. "2018 U.S. Senate Results by Congressional District". The Virginia Public Access Project. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
  42. Parsons, Stanley B., William W. Beach and Dan Hermann. United States Congressional Districts, 1788–1841 (Westport: Greenwood Press, 1978) p. 7
  43. "Virginia 1st District". National Journal Almanac. National Journal Group Inc. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  44. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved October 10, 2013.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  45. "STATISTICS OF THE PRESIDENTIAL AND CONGRESSIONAL ELECTION OF November 4, 2008" (PDF). Retrieved May 6, 2017.
  46. http://clerk.house.gov/member_info/electionInfo/2010election.pdf
  47. "November 6, 2012 General Election Official Results". Virginia State Board of Elections. Archived from the original on May 12, 2013. Retrieved December 14, 2012.
  48. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on November 7, 2014. Retrieved December 22, 2014.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  49. "2016 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
  50. "2018 November General". Results.elections.virginia.gov. Retrieved March 24, 2019.
  51. "Virginia Election Results: First Congressional District". New York Times. Retrieved November 13, 2020.
  52. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=S000227

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