107th United States Congress

The 107th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from January 3, 2001 to January 3, 2003, during the final weeks of the Clinton presidency and the first two years of the George W. Bush presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1990 United States Census.

107th United States Congress
106th ←
→ 108th
January 3, 2001 – January 3, 2003
Members100 senators
435 representatives
5 non-voting delegates
Senate MajorityDemocratic
(until January 20, 2001)
Republican
(Jan 20, 2001 – Jun 6, 2001)
Democratic
(from June 6, 2001)
Senate PresidentAl Gore (D)[lower-alpha 1]
until January 20, 2001
Dick Cheney (R)
from January 20, 2001
House MajorityRepublican
House SpeakerDennis Hastert (R)
Sessions
1st: January 3, 2001 – December 20, 2001
2nd: January 23, 2002 – November 22, 2002
President George W. Bush signing the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 in the White House East Room on June 7, 2001
President George W. Bush signing the No Child Left Behind Act.
President George W. Bush, surrounded by leaders of the House and Senate, announces the Joint Resolution to Authorize the Use of United States Armed Forces Against Iraq, October 2, 2002.
Before the signing ceremony of the Sarbanes–Oxley Act, President George W. Bush met with Senator Paul Sarbanes, Secretary of Labor Elaine Chao and other dignitaries in the Blue Room at the White House on July 30, 2002

The House of Representatives had a Republican majority all the way through, while the Senate saw multiple switches - having began with a brief Democratic majority (due to being a 50-50 split and Vice President Al Gore in his constitutional role as Senate President serving as the tie breaker) then switching to Republican (after Dick Cheney became VP on January 20, 2001 and therefore the tie breaker), then back to Democratic (after Senator Jim Jeffords switched from a Republican to an independent who caucused with the Democrats on June 6, 2001, effectively giving the Democrats a 51-49 edge), then late in the term back to the Republicans (due to the death of Democrat Paul Wellstone and special election loss of Democrat Jean Carnahan) - but since the body was out of session by then, formal reorganization was delayed until the next Congress.[1]

Major events
Main articles: 2001 in the United States, 2002 in the United States, and 2003 in the United States

A rare even split in the United States Senate, the defection of a single Senator, and the inauguration of a new vice president, led to three changes in majorities. Major security events occurred. The September 11 attacks were highly disruptive. Some Senators were targeted by anthrax attacks. The Congress voted to allow the President to invade Iraq.

  • January 3, 2001: 107th Congress officially begins, with the Senate split 50-50. Democrat Al Gore — the outgoing Vice President — briefly gives the Democrats the tie breaker and majority control.
  • January 3, 2001: First Lady Hillary Clinton, wife of President Bill Clinton, became the first presidential spouse to serve in Congress (and briefly holding the titles of both First Lady and Senator).
  • January 20, 2001: George W. Bush became President of the United States.
  • January 20, 2001: Dick Cheney became Vice President, and the Republicans take control of the Senate with his tie breaking vote.
  • May 24, 2001: Senator Jim Jeffords, previously a Republican, declared himself an independent and announced he would join the Democratic caucus, giving the Democrats majority control, effective June 6, 2001.[2]
  • September 11, 2001: September 11 attacks
  • September 20, 2001: George W. Bush reported to a joint session of Congress on the investigation into the September 11 attacks and announces the War on Terrorism
  • October 7, 2001: Operation Enduring Freedom began
  • October 9, 2001: Anthrax attacks were executed against members of the Senate, including Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle.
  • December 2001: Corporate financial scandals, including Enron and MCI
  • June 12, 2002: Prime Minister of Australia John Howard addressed a joint session of Congress. The address was originally scheduled for September 12, 2001, but was interrupted by the September 11 attacks. Already in Washington at the time, he sat in on Congressional sessions on September 12 instead.
  • October 25, 2002: Democratic Senator Paul Wellstone dies in a plane crash, and is replaced by non caucusing independent Dean Barkley for the rest of the term.
  • November 23, 2002: Jim Talent takes Senate seat in Missouri, effectively giving Republicans the majority (though formal reorganization was delayed until the convening of the 108th United States Congress).

Major legislation
Main article: List of United States federal legislation

Party summary

Senate
  • Senate membership
  • Final (from December 2, 2002)
  • January 3, 2001 – January 20, 2001
  • January 20, 2001 – June 6, 2001
  • June 6, 2001 – October 25, 2002
  • October 25, 2002 – November 4, 2002
  • November 4, 2002 – November 23, 2002
  • November 23, 2002 – November 30, 2002
  • November 30, 2002 – December 2, 2002
Party
(Shading indicates party control)
 Total
Democratic
(D)		 Independent
(I)		 Independence
(IMN)		 Republican
(R)		 Vacant
caucused with
Democrats
End of
previous Congress		 46 0 0 54 100 0
Begin[lower-alpha 2] 50 0 0 50 100 0
January 20, 2001[lower-alpha 3] 50 50
June 6, 2001[lower-alpha 4] 50 1 49
October 25, 2002[lower-alpha 5] 49 99 1
November 4, 2002[lower-alpha 5] 1 100 0
November 23, 2002[lower-alpha 6] 48 1 50
November 30, 2002[lower-alpha 7] 49 99 1
December 2, 2002[lower-alpha 7] 50 100 0
Final voting share 49% 1% 50%
Beginning of the
next Congress		 48 1 0 51 100 0

House of Representatives
  Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
 Total  
Democratic Independent Republican Vacant
caucused with
Democrats		 caucused with
Republicans
End of previous Congress 208 1 1 222 432 3
Begin 211 1 1 221 434 1
January 31, 2001 220 433 2
March 30, 2001 210 432 3
May 15, 2001 221 433 2
May 28, 2001 209 432 3
June 5, 2001 210 433 2
June 19, 2001 222 434 1
August 5, 2001 221 433 2
August 16, 2001 220 432 3
September 6, 2001 219 431 4
October 16, 2001 211 220 433 2
November 20, 2001 221 434 1
December 18, 2001 222 435 0
July 24, 2002 210 434 1
August 1, 2002 0 223
September 9, 2002 209 433 2
September 28, 2002 208 432 3
November 30, 2002 209 433 2
Final voting share 48.5% 51.5%  
Beginning of the next Congress 205 1 0 229 435 0

Leadership

Senate
Senate President
Al Gore (D)
(until January 20, 2001)
Dick Cheney (R)
(from January 20, 2001)
Senate President pro tempore
Robert Byrd (D)
(until January 20, 2001)
(from June 6, 2001)
Strom Thurmond (R)
(January 20 – June 6, 2001)

Republican leadership

Democratic leadership

House of Representatives
Speaker of the House
Dennis Hastert (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Members
Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate

Senators are listed by their class. In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 2002; Class 3 meant their term began in the previous Congress, facing re-election in 2004; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 2006.

House of Representatives

Congressional district numbers are linked to articles describing the district itself.

Changes in membership

Senate
See also: List of special elections to the United States Senate
State
(class)		 Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[lower-alpha 8]
Vermont (1) Jim Jeffords (R) Incumbent changed party and joined the Democratic caucus. Jim Jeffords (I) June 6, 2001
Minnesota (2) Paul Wellstone (D) Incumbent died October 25, 2002.
Successor appointed to serve the remaining two months of the term.		 Dean Barkley (IMN) November 4, 2002
Missouri (1) Jean Carnahan (D) Interim appointee lost election to finish the term. Jim Talent (R) November 23, 2002
Texas (2) Phil Gramm (R) Incumbent resigned November 30, 2002 to give successor seniority advantages. [3][4] John Cornyn (R) December 2, 2002
Alaska (3) Frank Murkowski (R) Incumbent resigned December 2, 2002 to become Governor of Alaska.
Successor appointed to fill the vacancy.		 Lisa Murkowski (R) December 20, 2002

House of Representatives
See also: List of special elections to the United States House of Representatives
District Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation[lower-alpha 8]
California 32nd Vacant Incumbent Julian Dixon (D) had died December 8, 2000, before the beginning of this Congress.
A special election was held June 5, 2001.		 Diane Watson (D) June 5, 2001
Pennsylvania 9th Bud Shuster (R) Incumbent resigned, effective January 31, 2001.
A special election was held May 15, 2001.		 Bill Shuster (R) May 15, 2001
Virginia 4th Norman Sisisky (D) Incumbent died March 30, 2001.
A special election was held June 19, 2001.		 Randy Forbes (R) June 19, 2001
Massachusetts 9th Joe Moakley (D) Incumbent died May 28, 2001.
A special election was held October 16, 2001.		 Stephen F. Lynch (D) October 16, 2001
Arkansas 3rd Asa Hutchinson (R) Incumbent resigned August 5, 2001 to head the Drug Enforcement Administration.
A special election was held November 20, 2001.		 John Boozman (R) November 20, 2001
South Carolina 2nd Floyd Spence (R) Incumbent died August 16, 2001.
A special election was held December 18, 2001.		 Joe Wilson (R) December 18, 2001
Florida 1st Joe Scarborough (R) Incumbent resigned, effective September 6, 2001.
A special election was held October 16, 2001.		 Jeff Miller (R) October 16, 2001
Oklahoma 1st Steve Largent (R) Incumbent resigned, effective February 15, 2002, to concentrate on his campaign for governor.
A special election was held January 8, 2002.		 John A. Sullivan (R) February 15, 2002
Ohio 17th Jim Traficant (D) Incumbent expelled July 24, 2002 for criminal conviction of 10 counts of bribery, racketeering, and tax evasion. Vacant Not filled for remainder of Congress
Virginia 5th Virgil Goode (I) Incumbent changed party. Virgil Goode (R) August 1, 2002
Ohio 3rd Tony P. Hall (D) Incumbent resigned September 9, 2002 after he was appointed to be the U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. Vacant Not filled for remainder of Congress
Hawaii 2nd Patsy Mink (D) Incumbent died September 28, 2002 but was elected posthumously on November 5, 2002. Ed Case (D) November 30, 2002

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (1 link), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Joint committees

Caucuses
Main article: Caucuses of the United States Congress

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

Notes
  1. U.S. Vice President Al Gore's term as President of the Senate ended at noon on January 20, 2001, when Dick Cheney's term began.
  2. Al Gore (D) was U.S. Vice President until January 20, 2001 with the tie-breaking vote.
  3. Dick Cheney (R) became U.S. Vice President January 20, 2001 with the tie-breaking vote.
  4. In Vermont, James Jeffords switched June 6, 2001 from Republican to Independent and caucused with Democrats.
  5. In Minnesota, Paul Wellstone (D) died October 25, 2002. Dean Barkley (IMN), who didn't caucus with either party, was appointed November 4, 2002 to Wellstone's seat.
  6. In the November 5, 2002 Missouri special election, Jim Talent (R) took Jean Carnahan (D)'s seat and became senator November 23, 2002, but there was no reorganization because Senate was out of session.[1]
  7. In Texas, Phil Gramm (R) resigned November 30, 2002 to give his successor advantageous office space. Senator-elect John Cornyn (R) was appointed December 2, 2002 to finish Gramm's term.
  8. When seated or oath administered, not necessarily when service began.

References
  1. "Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present" – via Senate.gov.
  2. "Leaving Republican Party: Jeffords' 2001 speech". Burlington Free Press. August 18, 2014. Retrieved January 10, 2019.
  3. Associated Press (November 21, 2002). "Cornyn Gets Early Start in Senate". The Edwardsville Intelligencer. Retrieved November 3, 2020.
  4. "SENATORS OF THE UNITED STATES > 1789-present > A chronological list of senators since the First Congress in 1789" (PDF). United States Senate – via Senate.gov.

 This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress website http://bioguide.congress.gov.

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