USS Bancroft (DD-256)

The second USS Bancroft (DD-256) was a Clemson-class destroyer in the United States Navy, which briefly served in 1919. Placed in reserve, the ship lay idle before being reactivated for World War II. She was transferred to the Royal Canadian Navy in 1940, where she served as HMCS St. Francis (I93) in the Battle of the Atlantic escorting convoys. The ship was declared surplus in April 1945, sold for scrap and sank on the way to the breakers after a collision in July.

For other ships with the same name, see USS Bancroft.

USS Bancroft (DD-256) underway circa 1940
History
United States
Name: USS Bancroft
Namesake: George Bancroft
Builder: Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation, Fore River Shipyard, Quincy
Cost: $1,218,962.89 (hull and machinery)[1]
Laid down: 4 November 1918
Launched: 21 March 1919
Commissioned: 30 June 1919
Decommissioned: 24 September 1940
Stricken: 8 January 1941
Identification: Hull number DD-256
Fate: Transferred to Canada, 24 September 1940
Canada
Name: HMCS St. Francis
Namesake: St. Francis River
Commissioned: 24 September 1940
Decommissioned: 1945
Identification: Pennant number I93
Honours and
awards:		 Atlantic 1941–43
Fate: Declared surplus, 1 April 1945; sank off Cape Cod en route to scrapping, July 1945
General characteristics
Class and type: Clemson-class destroyer
Displacement: 1,216 long tons (1,236 t)
Length: 314 ft 4 in (95.81 m)
Beam: 31 ft 8 in (9.65 m)
Draft: 9 ft 10 in (3.00 m)
Propulsion:
  • 26,500 shp (19,800 kW);
  • Geared turbines,
  • 2 screws
Speed: 35 knots (65 km/h; 40 mph)
Range: 4,900 nmi (9,100 km; 5,600 mi) at 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Complement: 122
Armament:

Construction and career

United States Navy service

Named for George Bancroft an American historian and diplomat, the destroyer was launched on 21 March 1919 by Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation's Fore River Shipyard in Quincy, Massachusetts, sponsored by Miss Mary W. Bancroft, great granddaughter of George Bancroft. The ship was commissioned on 30 June 1919, Lieutenant Commander H. S. Haislip in command.[2]

Bancroft joined the Atlantic Fleet and took part in fleet training activities until 26 November 1919 when the ship went into reserve commission. The destroyer was placed out of commission at Philadelphia on 11 July 1922. Bancroft was recommissioned 18 December 1939 and served with the Atlantic Squadron on the east coast until decommissioned at Halifax, Nova Scotia. She was then transferred to Great Britain in the destroyer-land bases exchange on 24 September 1940.[2]

Royal Canadian Navy service
As HMCS St. Francis, 1940–1945

Bancroft was allocated to the Royal Canadian Navy and was taken over by the Canadians on 24 September 1940. Following the Canadian practice of naming destroyers after Canadian rivers (but with deference to the U.S. origin), the destroyer was renamed HMCS St. Francis after the St. Francis River forming the border between northern Maine and Quebec and New Brunswick.[3] St. Francis left Halifax 15 January 1941 and arrived in the River Clyde, Scotland, 26 January. She joined the 4th Escort Group and on 20 May she rescued all the survivors of the steamship Starcrose which had to be sunk after being torpedoed by a submarine. At the end of June she escorted a troop convoy to the Middle East and in July she joined the newly formed Newfoundland Escort Force. Between 1941 and 1943 St. Francis made several attacks on enemy submarines while escorting convoys ON-95, SC-85, ON-105, HX-197, and ON-116 with Mid-Ocean Escort Force group C-4. St. Francis subsequently escorted convoy ON-121 with Escort Group C-3, convoy SC-99 with Escort Group C-1, and convoy ON-147 with Escort Group C-4.[4]

After refitting at Halifax, St. Francis joined Escort Group C2 in the Western Approaches Command in June 1943 but in August was transferred to the 9th Escort Group (RCN), working from Londonderry Port, Northern Ireland. She was reassigned to the Western Local Escort Force at Halifax the following month. From early 1944 she was employed on training duties at Digby, Nova Scotia, where on 1 April 1945 she was declared surplus.

On her way to Baltimore to be broken up by the Boston Iron & Metal Co. in July 1945, the destroyer sank as a result of a collision off Cape Cod, Massachusetts.[2]

Trans-Atlantic convoys escorted
Convoy Escort Group Dates Notes
SC 49 14-21 Oct 1941[5] Newfoundland to Iceland
SC 55 19-25 Nov 1941[5] Newfoundland to Iceland
SC 71 27 Feb-9 March 1942[5] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 76 16–23 March 1942[6] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
SC 78 9–16 April 1942[5] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 90 5–9 May 1942[6] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
SC 85 MOEF group C4 31 May-12 June 1942[5] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 105 MOEF group C4 20–27 June 1942[6] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
HX 197 MOEF group C4 9–16 July 1942[7] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 116 MOEF group C4 26 July-1 Aug 1942[6] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
ON 121 MOEF group C3 20-22 Aug 1942[6] Iceland to Newfoundland
SC 99 MOEF group C1 9-19 Sept 1942[5] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 147 MOEF group C4 20-23 Nov 1942[6] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
ON 146 MOEF group B3 29 Nov-5 Dec 1942[6] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
SC 127 WLEF 16–20 April 1943[5] Halifax to Newfoundland
ONS 4 WLEF 29 April-5 May 1943[6] Newfoundland to Halifax
HX 240 WLEF 21–25 May 1943[7] Halifax to Newfoundland
HX 242 MOEF group C2 6–14 June 1943[7] Newfoundland to Northern Ireland
ON 190 MOEF group C2 25 June-1 July 1943[6] Northern Ireland to Newfoundland
ONS 19 9th escort group 27 Sept-9 Oct 1943[6]

Notes
  1. "Table 21 - Ships on Navy List June 30, 1919". Congressional Serial Set. U.S. Government Printing Office: 762. 1921.
  2. Dictionary of American Fighting Ships.
  3. Milner 1985, p. 23.
  4. Milner 1985, pp. 285–289.
  5. "SC convoys". Andrew Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
  6. "ON convoys". Andrew Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
  7. "HX convoys". Andrew Hague Convoy Database. Retrieved 19 June 2011.

References
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