Trisaccharide

Trisaccharides are oligosaccharides composed of three monosaccharides with two glycosidic bonds connecting them. Similar to the disaccharides, each glycosidic bond can be formed between any hydroxyl group on the component monosaccharides. Even if all three component sugars are the same (e.g., glucose), different bond combinations (regiochemistry) and stereochemistry (alpha- or beta-) result in trisaccharides that are diastereoisomers with different chemical and physical properties.

Examples

TrisaccharideUnit 1BondUnit 2BondUnit 3
Nigerotrioseglucoseα(1→3)glucoseα(1→3)glucose
Maltotrioseglucoseα(1→4)glucoseα(1→4)glucose
Melezitoseglucoseα(1→2)fructoseα(1→3)glucose
Maltotriuloseglucoseα(1→4)glucoseα(1→4)fructose
Raffinosegalactoseα(1→6)glucoseβ(1→2)fructose
Kestoseglucoseα(1↔2)fructoseβ(1←2)fructose

References

1) Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry by Albert L. Lehninger, David L. Nelson, and Michael M. Cox.

2) Biochemistry by Lubert Stryer.

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