Timeline of Shanghai

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Shanghai.

Prior to 1800

• 5th-7th century CE - Fishing village develops where Suzhou Creek enters the Huangpu River.
• 751 CE - Area becomes part of Huating county.
• 976 CE - Longhua Temple rebuilt.
• 12th century - Market town develops.
• 1216 - Jing'an Temple built.
• 1292 - Town becomes county seat.
• 1294 - Wen Miao (temple) active.[1]
• 1554 - City walls constructed.
• 1732 - Customs office relocated to Shanghai from Songjiang.
• 1780 - Yu Garden opens.
• 1789 - Guyi Garden becomes communal property.

1800-1900

• 1842
  • 19 June: Shanghai taken by British forces.[2]
  • Shanghai opens to foreigners per Treaty of Nanking.[2]
• 1845
  • David Sassoon & Sons in business.
  • British settlement established on outskirts of Old City.[3]
• 1846 - Richards' Hotel and Restaurant in business.
• 1849 - French Concession granted.[3]
• 1850
  • North-China Herald newspaper begins publication.[4]
  • Collège Saint Ignace founded.
• 1851 - Jardine, Matheson & Co. branch built.
• 1853
  • Small Swords Society occupies Old City.
  • April: Shanghai Volunteer Corps organized.[2]
• 1854
  • Imperial Maritime Custom Offices installed.[2]
  • Shanghai Municipal Council formed by westerners.
• 1855 - Shanghai Race Club founded.
• 1856 - Wills' Bridge constructed.
• 1857 - Royal Asiatic Society North-China Branch established.
• 1859 - Astor House Hotel in business.
• 1860
  • August: Taiping rebels unsuccessfully attempt to take city.
  • New Northern Gate built into city wall.
• 1861
  • Battle of Shanghai (1861).
  • Correspondent's Club formed by British residents.
• 1862
  • American settlement established.[3]
  • Saint Joseph's Church consecrated.
• 1863 - Hongkou becomes part of American Concession.[5]
• 1865
  • Kiangnan Arsenal and Long Men College established.
  • Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation branch opens.
  • Gas lighting introduced.[1]
• 1866 - Butterfield & Swire in business.
• 1868 - Musee de Zikawei founded.[6]
• 1869 - Holy Trinity Church dedicated.
• 1871 - August: Typhoon.[7]
• 1872 - Shen Bao newspaper begins publication.
• 1874
  • Rickshaws introduced.[1]
  • Natural history museum established by Royal Asiatic Society North-China Branch.[6]
• 1876 - Woosung Railway begins operating.
• 1881 - Population: 302,767.[7]
• 1882
  • Jade Buddha Temple founded.
  • Electricity introduced.[1]
• 1884 - Dianshizhai-huabao (magazine) begins publication.[8]
• 1889 - Ostasiatischer Lloyd newspaper begins publication.
• 1895 - Population: 411,753.[3]
• 1896 - Nanyang Public School and Consulate-General of Russia in Shanghai established.
• 1897 - 22 June: British nationals conduct jubilee events.[9]
• 1898
  • Songhu Railway begins operating.
  • Bubbling Well cemetery established.

1900-2000

1900s

• 1901 - Hardoon & Company in business.[5]
• 1905 - Kiangnan Shipyard and Fudan College established.
• 1907 - Waibaidu Bridge constructed.
• 1908
  • Nanjing-Shanghai Railway, Shanghai South Railway Station, Palace Hotel, and New Stage built.[10]
  • Electric tram begins operating.[1]
  • Art exhibit held in Shanghai Mutual Telephone Company building.[6][11]
  • Hongkou cinema opens.[12]
• 1909
  • Shanghai Railway Station and Shanghai Industrial College established.
  • Shanghai–Hangzhou Railway begins operating.
  • New gates built into city wall.

1910s

• 1910
  • St. Ignatius Cathedral and Shanghai Club Building constructed.
  • Shanghai Oil Painting Institute, and Eastern City Women's Art School founded.[10]
• 1912 - Old City walls dismantled.
• 1913 - Shanghai Art School, Women's Art and Embroidery Institute,[10] and Xinmin Theater Research Society founded.[13]
• 1914 - Trolleybus begins operating along Fokein Road.
• 1916 - Asia Building and Union Building constructed on The Bund.
• 1917
  • Millard's Review of the Far East begins publication.
  • Sincere Department Store branch in business.

1920s

• 1920 - Shanghai Mint established.
• 1921
  • July: Communist Party of China founded during meeting in Xintiandi.[14]
  • Mingxing Film Company founded.[15]
• 1923
  • Hongqiao Airport in operation.
  • Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation building constructed.
• 1924 - General Post Office Building and North China Daily News Building constructed.
• 1925
  • 30 May: Protest quashed; May Thirtieth Movement launched.
  • Shanghai East Library opens.
  • Tianyi Film Company in business.[16]
  • Institute of Chartered Accountants organized.[17]
• 1927
  • Shanghai Commune of 1927 active.
  • 12 April: Shanghai massacre of 1927.
  • 7 July: Huang Fu becomes mayor.
  • Shanghai Conservatory of Music founded.
  • Customs House, Zhapu Road Bridge,[18] and Ohel Moishe Synagogue built.[1]
  • City becomes a special municipality.
• 1928 - Fahua District becomes part of city.[5]
• 1929
  • Chang Ch'ün becomes mayor.
  • Shanghai Stock Exchange formed.
  • Xinmin Po and Shanghai Evening Post & Mercury newspapers begin publication.
  • Sassoon House built.

1930s

• 1930 - Nanking Theatre founded.
• 1932
  • January 28 Incident
  • January: Wu Tiecheng becomes mayor.
  • Grand Theatre rebuilt.[19]
• 1933 - Paramount Ballroom opens.[19]
• 1934 - Shanghai Joint Savings Society Building constructed.
• 1935
  • EWO Brewery Ltd. in business.
  • Sheshan Basilica and Broadway Mansions built.
• 1937
  • April: Yu Hung-Chun becomes mayor.
  • 13 August - 26 November: Battle of Shanghai; Japanese occupation begins.
  • 26 October - 1 November: Defense of Sihang Warehouse.
  • Bank of China Building constructed.
• 1938 - Wen Hui Bao newspaper begins publication.
• 1939 - Shanghai Jewish Chronicle begins publication.[20]

1940s

• 1940 - November: Chen Gongbo becomes mayor.
• 1943 - British and American concessions end.
• 1944 - December: Zhou Fohai becomes mayor.
• 1945
  • Japanese occupation ends.
  • August: K. C. Wu becomes mayor.
  • City divided into 30 administrative districts.[5]
  • Shanghai Theatre Academy established.
• 1946 - French concession ends.
• 1949
  • Rao Shushi becomes Shanghai Party Committee Secretary.
  • May: Chen Yi becomes mayor.
  • May–June: Shanghai Campaign.
  • Jiefang Daily newspaper begins publication.
  • Shanghai Film Studio founded.

1950s

• 1950
  • Chen Yi becomes Party Committee Secretary.
  • Shanghai Women's Federation founded.[21]
• 1951 - Shanghai Shenhua Football Club formed.
• 1952 - Shanghai Museum, Shanghai Banking School, and Shanghai Chinese Orchestra founded.
• 1953 - Population: 6,204,417.[22]
• 1954
  • Ke Qingshi becomes Party Committee Secretary.
  • Shanghai Zoo and Shanghai Teachers Training College established.
  • Jing'an Park developed.
• 1955
  • Shanghai Exhibition Centre completed
  • Hongkou Stadium opens.
  • Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Components Company in business.
• 1956 - Shanghai Natural History Museum established.
• 1958
  • Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences founded.
  • Ke Qingshi becomes mayor.
  • Baoshan, Fengxian, Jiadang, Jinshan, Qingpu, Songjiang districts and Chongming County become part of city.[5]
• 1959 - Drunken Bai Garden opens.

1960s

• 1960 - Shanghai Institute of Foreign Languages established.
• 1961 - Yu Garden opens.
• 1964 - Population: 10,816,500.[23]
• 1965
  • Chen Pixian becomes CPC Party chief.
  • Cao Diqiu becomes mayor.
  • Cucumber Lane renovated.[24]
• 1966 - Cultural Revolution begins.
• 1967
  • Shanghai People's Commune active.
  • Zhang Chunqiao becomes mayor.

1970s

• 1970
  • One Strike-Three Anti Campaign.
  • Population: 10,820,000.[25]
• 1971 - Zhang Chunqiao becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• 1972 - Richard Nixon visits city.
• 1974 - Shanghai Botanical Garden established.
• 1976 - Su Zhenhua becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• 1978 - Shanghai Translation Publishing House founded.
• 1979
  • Peng Chong becomes Party Committee Secretary.
  • Sister city relationship established with San Francisco, USA.[26]

1980s

• 1980
  • Shanghai Bar Association founded.[27]
  • Chen Guodong becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• 1981 - Wang Daohan becomes mayor.
• 1982 - Population: 6,292,960 city;[28] 11,859,700 (urban agglomeration).[23]
• 1983 - Shanghai History & Cultural Relics Showroom opens.
• 1984 - Shanghai University of Political Science and Law founded.
• 1985
  • Rui Xingwen becomes Party Committee Secretary.
  • Jiang Zemin becomes mayor.
  • Shanghai Daoist Association established.[5]
  • Wenhui Book Review begins publication.
• 1987 - Jiang Zemin becomes Party Committee Secretary.
• 1988
  • Zhu Rongji becomes mayor.
  • Jin Jiang Tower built.
• 1989
  • Protests.[29]
  • Zhu Rongji becomes Party Committee Secretary.

1990s

• 1990 - Population: 13,341,900.[23]
• 1991
  • Nanpu Bridge and Yangpu Bridge open.
  • Wu Bangguo becomes Party Committee Secretary.
  • Huang Ju becomes mayor.
• 1992 - Shanghai Star newspaper begins publication.
• 1993
  • Pudong Special Economic Zone established.
  • Shanghai Metro begins operation.
  • Shanghai International Film Festival begins.
• 1994
  • Huang Ju becomes Party Committee Secretary.
  • Oriental Pearl Tower constructed in Lujiazui.
  • Australian Chamber of Commerce Shanghai established.[30]
• 1995
  • Xu Kuangdi becomes mayor.
  • Dajing Ge Pavilion museum opens (approximate date).
• 1996
  • Shanghai Library building opens.
  • Shanghai Biennale art exhibit begins.
  • Yan'an Elevated Road and King Tower built.
  • Canadian Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai established.
• 1997 - Xupu Bridge opens.
• 1998
  • Shanghai Grand Theatre opens.
  • Jin Mao Tower, Shanghai Sen Mao International Building, Shanghai Futures Building, and Lippo Plaza built.
• 1999
  • Shanghai Pudong International Airport begins operating.
  • Shanghai Century Publishing Group established.
  • Shanghai Daily newspaper begins publication.
  • Shanghai public transport card launched.
• 2000
  • International Ocean Shipping Building, World Finance Tower, and Bank of China Tower constructed.
  • Fireworks Festival begins.
  • Population: 16,407,700.[23]

21st century

2000s

• 2001
  • Chen Liangyu becomes mayor.
  • Plaza 66 and Pudong International Information Port built.
  • Shanghai Film Group Corporation in business.
  • Benelux Business Association established.
• 2002
  • Chen Liangyu becomes Party Committee Secretary.
  • Shanghai Ocean Aquarium and Super Brand Mall open.
  • Shanghai Fashion Week begins.[31]
  • Shanghai Golden Eagles baseball team formed.
• 2003
  • Han Zheng becomes mayor.
  • Lupu Bridge opens.
  • Tomorrow Square, Shanghai Dong Hai Plaza, Aurora Plaza, and Raffles Square built.
  • Nanhui New City construction begins.
• 2004
  • Shanghai Maglev Train begins operating.
  • Shanghai Railway Museum and Shanghai International Circuit open.
  • Chinese Grand Prix begins.
• 2005
  • Shanghai Institute of Visual Art and Shanghai City Symphonic Orchestra established.
  • Donghai Bridge, Shimao International Plaza, Grand Gateway Shanghai, Longemont Shanghai, Citigroup Tower, and Bank of Shanghai Headquarters built.
  • Shanghai Oriental Art Center and Qi Zhong Stadium inaugurated.
• 2006
  • Han Zheng becomes Party Committee Secretary.
  • Shanghai pension scandal.
  • Island6 Art Center opens.
  • Chenghuang Miao (temple) restored.
  • PLA Unit 61398 active (approximate date).[32]
• 2007
  • Xi Jinping becomes Party Committee Secretary, succeeded by Yu Zhengsheng.
  • Oasis Skyway Garden Hotel built.
• 2008 - Shanghai World Financial Center, One Lujiazui, and Zhongrong Jasper Tower built.
• 2009
  • Shanghai Pride begins.
  • Shanghai Yangtze River Tunnel and Bridge and Happy Valley (amusement park) open.
  • Shanghai Masters tennis tournament held.

2010s

• 2010
  • Expo 2010 Shanghai China (world expo) held.
  • Shanghai Arena opens.
  • Minpu Bridge and Shanghai Wheelock Square built.
  • 15 November: Fire on Jiaozhou Road, Jing'an District.
  • Population: 23,019,148.[23]
• 2011
  • Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway begins operating.
  • Huamin King Tower built.
• 2012
  • November: Han Zheng becomes Party Committee Secretary.
  • December: Yang Xiong becomes mayor.
  • Power Station of Art opens.
  • Turkish Chamber of Commerce established.
• 2014
  • 31 December: 2014 Shanghai stampede
• 2016
  • June 16: Shanghai Disneyland Park opened.
• 2017
  • 26 April : Shanghai Tower officially opened its sightseeing deck to the public.[33]
  • 10 June: Protest against changes to housing regulations by the municipal authorities on Nanjing Road[34]

See also

• History of Shanghai
• List of historic buildings in Shanghai
• List of administrative divisions of Shanghai
• List of township-level divisions of Shanghai
• List of Shanghai Metro stations
• List of universities and colleges in Shanghai
• Major National Historical and Cultural Sites (Shanghai)
• List of economic and technological development zones in Shanghai
• Urbanization in China

References

1. "History of Shanghai". China. Lonely Planet. Retrieved March 4, 2013.
2. Madrolle 1912.
3. Britannica 1910.
4. "WorldCat". USA: Online Computer Library Center. Retrieved 4 March 2013.
5. Encyclopedia of Shanghai 2010.
6. Pearce 2011.
7. Bullock 1884.
8. Xiaoqing Ye 2003.
9. Celebration of Her Britannic Majesty's Diamond Jubilee at Shanghai, Shanghai: Shanghai Mercury Office, 1897, OL 25295344M
10. Zheng 2009.
11. A. W. Bahr (1911), Old Chinese porcelain and works of art in China, London: Cassell and Company, OCLC 2271574, OL 6536418M
12. Des Forges 2007.
13. Richard Abel, ed. (2004). Encyclopedia of Early Cinema. UK: Taylor & Francis.
14. Lawrence R. Sullivan (2012). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the Chinese Communist Party. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7225-7.
15. Zhang 1999.
16. Chung 2007.
17. Yin Xu 2003.
18. Lu 2004.
19. "CinemaTreasures.org". Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 7 March 2013.
20. Kreissler 1989.
21. "Shanghai Women's Federation". Retrieved 5 March 2013.
22. "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1955. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations.
23. "Basic Statistics on National Population Census". Shanghai Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved March 7, 2013.
24. Wing Chung Ho 2006.
25. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1976). "Population of capital city and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1975. New York, NY. pp. 253–279.
26. "San Francisco Sister Cities". USA: City & County of San Francisco. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
27. "Shanghai Bar Association to expand membership". Australasian Legal Business. Thomson Reuters. 2010.
28. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
29. "Turmoil in China; In Shanghai, Protesters Turn Defiant". New York Times. June 10, 1989.
30. "About Us". www.austchamshanghai.com. Retrieved 2019-03-28.
31. "Shanghai Fashion Week, 10 Years and Counting, Kicks Off". Wall Street Journal. 18 October 2012.
32. "Hello, Unit 61398". The Economist. 19 February 2013.
33. "Shanghai Tower offers airy city views". China Daily.
34. "Rare public protest in China's Shanghai over property rule change". Reuters. Retrieved 2017-06-11.

Bibliography

Published in the 19th century

• S. Wells Williams (1863), "Port of Shanghai", Chinese Commercial Guide (5th ed.), Hongkong: A. Shortrede & Co
• Charles J. Bullock (1884), "Yangtse Kiang: Shanghai", China Sea Directory (2nd ed.), London: Admiralty Hydrographic Office
• J.W. MacLellan (1889), Story of Shanghai, from the Opening of the Port to Foreign Trade, North-China Herald Office, OCLC 16835850, OL 23452930M

Published in the 20th century

• A.M. Murray (1907), "Shanghai and the 'Yellow Peril'", Imperial outposts from a strategical and commercial aspect, London: John Murray
• Arnold Wright, ed. (1908), "Shanghai", Twentieth century impressions of Hongkong, Shanghai, and other treaty ports of China, London: Lloyd's Greater Britain Pub. Co.
• Carlos Augusto Montalto de Jesus (1909), Historic Shanghai, Shanghai: Shanghai Mercury, OCLC 5339784, OL 7016345M
• "Shanghai", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
• Claudius Madrolle (1912), "Shang-hai", Northern China, Paris: Hachette & Company, OCLC 8741409
• Mary Louise Ninde Gamewell (1916), The Gateway to China: Pictures of Shanghai, New York: Fleming H. Revell Company, OCLC 394602, OL 6593310M
• All About Shanghai. Shanghai: University Press. 1934.
• Rhoads Murphey (1953), Shanghai: Key to Modern China, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, OCLC 16740238
• Rhoads Murphey (1988). "Shanghai". In Mattei Dogan and John D. Kasarda (ed.). The Metropolis Era. Mega-Cities. Sage. ISBN 0803937903.
• Robert Eng (1989), "Transformation of a Semi-Colonial Port City: Shanghai, 1843-1941", in Frank Broeze (ed.), Brides of the Sea: Port Cities of Asia from the 16th-20th Centuries, Univ of Hawaii Press, ISBN 9780824812669
• Françoise Kreissler (1989). "La presse des refugies allemands a Shanghai". L'action culturelle allemande en Chine de la fin du 19e siècle à la Seconde Guerre mondiale (in French). Editions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme Paris.
• Tan Chenchang (1994), "Shanghai shi yanjiu sishinian (1949-1989)" [Forty years of historical research on Shanghai (1949-1989)], Jindai Shanghai tansuo lu (A record of explorations of modern Shanghai) (in Chinese), Shanghai
• Takahashi Kosuke and Furuye Tadao, ed. (1995). Shanhai shi (in Japanese). Tokyo. ISBN 4497954471.
• Schellinger and Salkin, ed. (1996). "Shanghai". International Dictionary of Historic Places: Asia and Oceania. UK: Routledge. ISBN 9781884964046.
• Christian Henriot and Zheng Zu'an (1999). Altas de Shanghai: Espaces et representations de 1849 a nos jours (in French). Paris.
• Yingjin Zhang (1999). Cinema & Urban Culture in Shanghai, 1922-1943. Stanford University Press.
• David Fraser, “Inventing Oasis: Luxury Housing Advertisements and Reconfiguring Domestic Space in Shanghai,” chapter 2 in The Consumer Revolution in Urban China (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000) 25-53.

Published in the 21st century

2000s

• Bradley Mayhew (2001), Shanghai, Lonely Planet, OL 8314702M
• Jeffrey N. Wasserstrom (2001). "New Approaches to Old Shanghai: A Review Essay". Journal of Interdisciplinary History. 32.
• "Shanghai". Understanding Slums: Case Studies for the Global Report 2003. United Nations Human Settlements Programme and University College London. 2003.
• Yin Xu; Xiaoqun Xu (2003). "Becoming Professional: Chinese Accountants in early 20th Century Shanghai". Accounting Historians Journal. 30.
• Xiaoqing Ye (2003), The Dianshizhai Pictorial: Shanghai Urban Life, 1884-1898, Center for Chinese Studies, The University of Michigan, ISBN 9780892641628
• Hanchao Lu (2004), Beyond the Neon Lights: Everyday Shanghai in the Early Twentieth Century, University of California Press, ISBN 9780520243781
• Weiping Wu and Shahid Yusuf (2004). "Shanghai". In Josef Gugler (ed.). World Cities beyond the West: Globalization, Development, and Inequality. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521830036.
• Piper Gaubatz, “Globalization and the Development of New Central Business Districts in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou,” chapter 6 in Restructuring the Chinese City: Changing Society, Economy and Space (New York: Routledge, 2005) 98-121.
• Wing Chung Ho (2006). "From Resistance to Collective Action in a Shanghai Socialist "Model Community": From the Late 1940s to Early 1970s". Journal of Social History. 40.
• Stephanie Po-Yin Chung (2007). "Moguls of the Chinese Cinema: The Story of the Shaw Brothers in Shanghai, Hong Kong and Singapore, 1924-2002". Modern Asian Studies. 41 (4): 665–682. doi:10.1017/s0026749x06002423.
• Alexander Townsend Des Forges (2007). Mediasphere ShangHai: The Aesthetics of Cultural Production. University of Hawaii Press.
• Jeffrey N. Wasserstrom (2007). "Is Global Shanghai "Good to Think"? Thoughts on Comparative History and Post-Socialist Cities". Journal of World History.
• Jeffrey N. Wasserstrom (2008), Global Shanghai, 1850 - 2010, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, ISBN 9780415213271
• Jane Zheng (2009). "Private Tutorial Art Schools in the Shanghai Market Economy: The Shanghai Art School, 1913-1919". Modern China. 35.

2010s

• Shanghai, San Francisco: Asian Art Museum, Shanghai Museum, 2010, OL 24338798M
• "Encyclopedia of Shanghai". Shanghai Municipal Government. 2010. Archived from the original on 2015-01-10.
• Nick Pearce (2011). "Shanghai 1908: A. W. Bahr and China's First Art Exhibition". West 86th. 18.

External links

• Items related to Shanghai, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).