Timeline of Leiden

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Leiden, Netherlands.

Prior to 20th century

• 1323 - School active (approximate date).
• 1377 - Hooglandse Kerk (church) construction begins.
• 1390
  • Public clock installed (approximate date).[1]
  • Pieterskerk (church) construction begins.
• 1483 - Printing press in operation.[2]
• 1520 - Roman ruin Brittenburg discovered near Leiden.[3]
• 1566 - August: Iconoclasm by Protestants.[4]
• 1572 - Protestant sermonizing begins at the Vrouwekerk.[4]
• 1573 - Siege of Leiden by Spanish forces begins.[3]
• 1574 - 3 October: Siege of Leiden ends.[5]
• 1575 - Leiden University founded.[6]
• 1577 - Flemish textile manufacturers move to Leiden.[7]
• 1578 - Gemeenlandshuis van Rijnland (water management building) in use.
• 1580s - "Immigration of Flemings, Walloons, and Brabanters" to Leiden.[7]
• 1580 - Printer Elsevier in business.[8]
• 1581 - Academy Building, Leiden in use.
• 1587 - Leiden University Library in use.[9]
• 1590 - Hortus Botanicus Leiden (garden) founded.[10]
• 1594 - Turkish tulips planted in the Hortus Botanicus.[11]
• 1598 - Leiden Town Hall built.[12]
• 1600 - Latin School, Leiden built.[3]
• 1606 - 15 July: Birth of Rembrandt van Rijn.
• 1612 - Stads Timmerhuis built.[3]
• 1622 - Population: 44,745.[4]
• 1630s - Fijnschilders (artists) active.[13]
• 1641 - Laecken-Halle (cloth hall) built.[14]
• 1648 - Leiden Guild of Saint Luke established.[15]
• 1655 - Bibliotheca Thysiana (library) established.[3]
• 1658 - Weigh House built.[3]
• 1683 - Luchtmans bookseller in business.[16]
• 1723 - Synagogue, Leiden established.[17]
• 1745 - Electricity-storing "Leyden jar" invented.
• 1766 - Maatschappij der Nederlandse Letterkunde[3] and Kunst Wordt door Arbeid Verkreegen literary societies formed.[18]
• 1807 - 12 January: Leiden Gunpowder Disaster.
• 1818 - National Museum of Antiquities established.
• 1820 - National Museum of Natural History founded.
• 1837 - National Museum of Ethnology founded.[19]
• 1838 - Stedelijk Gymnasium Leiden (school) active.
• 1848 - E. J. Brill publisher in business.[16]
• 1851 - Sijthoff publisher in business.
• 1860 - Leiden Observatory built.[3]
• 1864 - Training college for Dutch East Indies civil servants established (later the Royal Netherlands Institute of Southeast Asian and Caribbean Studies).[20]
• 1873 - Remonstrant seminary active.[3]
• 1874 - Municipal Museum of Antiquities established.[14][19]
• 1893 - Gemeentearchief Leiden (city archive) building constructed.

20th century

• 1904 - Leiden Yearbook begins publication.
• 1919 - Population: 61,408.[21]
• 1923 - Jan van Houtbrug (bridge) built.[22]
• 1928 - University Hospital built.
• 1940 - Town Hall rebuilt.
• 1946 - François Henri van Kinschot becomes mayor.
• 1978 - 1978 Tour de France cycling race starts from Leiden.
• 1980
  • Cees Goekoop becomes mayor.
  • Population: 103,046 municipality.[23]
• 1984 - Leiden Bio Science Park development begins.[24]

21st century

• 2003 - Henri Lenferink becomes mayor.
• 2006 - Leiden University Medical Center built.
• 2012 - Theater Ins Blau built.
• 2013
  • Welch Allyn branch office in business.[25]
  • Population: 119,800 municipality.[23]
• 2017 - Asian Library opened by Queen Máxima of the Netherlands.

See also

• Leiden history
• History of Leiden
• List of mayors of Leiden
• List of rijksmonuments in Leiden
• Timelines of other municipalities in the Netherlands: Amsterdam, Breda, Delft, Eindhoven, Groningen, Haarlem, The Hague, 's-Hertogenbosch, Maastricht, Nijmegen, Rotterdam, Utrecht

References

1. Gerhard Dohrn-van Rossum (1996). History of the Hour: Clocks and Modern Temporal Orders. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-15510-4.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
2. Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Holland: Leiden". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company – via HathiTrust.
3. Britannica 1910.
4. Kooi 2000.
5. "Timeline Dutch History". Rijksmuseum. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
6. Joop W. Koopmans; Arend H. Huussen Jr. (2007). "Chronology". Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6444-3.
7. Lament 1981.
8. Joop W. Koopmans; Arend H. Huussen Jr. (2007). Historical Dictionary of the Netherlands (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-6444-3.
9. Elfriede Hulshoff Pol (1975). The First Century of Leiden University Library. Brill.
10. "Garden Search: Netherlands". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
11. "Unmistakably Dutch", New York Times, 30 July 2000
12. Murray 1881.
13. "Low Countries, 1600–1800 A.D.: Key Events". Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
14. "Leiden Cloth". Leiden: Museum De Lakenhal. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
15. Maarten Prak (2008). "Painters, guilds and the art market during the Dutch Golden Age". In S. R. Epstein; Maarten Prak (eds.). Guilds, Innovation and the European Economy, 1400–1800. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-47107-7.
16. Cornelis Dirk Andriesse (2008). Dutch Messengers: A History of Science Publishing, 1930-1980. Brill. ISBN 978-90-474-2415-4.
17. "Leiden". Four hundred years of Dutch Jewry. Amsterdam: Joods Historisch Museum. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
18. Jim Parrott (ed.). "Chronology of Scholarly Societies". Scholarly Societies Project. Canada: University of Waterloo. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016.
19. "Departement van Binnenlandsche Zaken: Kunsten en wetenschappen (Department of Interior: Arts and Sciences)", Staatsalmanak voor het Koninkrijk der Nederlanden 1885 [State Year Book for the Kingdom of the Netherlands] (in Dutch), Utrecht: Broese, 1884
20. Fasseur 1989.
21. "Netherlands". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921 – via HathiTrust.
22. "Bruggen database: Zuid-Holland: Leiden" [Database of Bridges] (in Dutch). Rijswijk: Nederlandse Bruggenstichting. Retrieved 30 October 2015.
23. "Population dynamics; birth, death and migration per region: Municipality Leiden". StatLine. Statistics Netherlands. 2014.
24. Marina Van Geenhuizen; Peter Nijkamp, eds. (2012). Creative Knowledge Cities: Myths, Visions and Realities. Edward Elgar. ISBN 978-0-85793-285-3.
25. Welch Allyn Establishes New Regional Headquarters, Operations Center in The Netherlands, Reuters, 6 November 2013

This article incorporates information from the Dutch Wikipedia.

Bibliography

in English

Published in the 18th-19th c.

• Thomas Nugent (1749), "Leyden", The Grand Tour, 1: Netherlands, London: S. Birt
• Abraham Rees (1819), "Leyden", The Cyclopaedia, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown
• "Leyden". Galignani's Traveller's Guide through Holland and Belgium (4th ed.). Paris: A. and W. Galignani. 1822.
• William Henry Overall, ed. (1870). "Leyden". Dictionary of Chronology. London: William Tegg.
• B.B. Woodward; William L.R. Cates (1872). "Leyden". Encyclopaedia of Chronology. London: Longmans, Green and Co.
• "Leyden", Guide to the North of France, ... Belgium and Holland, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1876 – via Internet Archive
• "Leiden", Handbook for Travellers in Holland and Belgium (20th ed.), London: John Murray, 1881 (+ 1851 ed.)

Published in the 20th-21st c.

• "Leyden". Chambers's Encyclopaedia. London. 1901.
• "Leyden", Belgium and Holland (15th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1910, OCLC 397759 (+ 1881 ed.)
• "Leiden", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424
• Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Leyden", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
• Sterling A. Lament (1981). "The Vroedschap of Leiden 1550-1600: The Impact of Tradition and Change on the Governing Elite of a Dutch City". Sixteenth Century Journal. 12 (2): 15–42. JSTOR 2539499.
• C. Fasseur (1989). "Leiden and empire: University and Colonial Office 1825-1925". In Willem Otterspeer (ed.). Leiden Oriental Connections: 1850-1940. Brill. pp. 187–203. ISBN 90-04-09022-3.
• Christine Kooi (2000). "Leiden in the Late 16th Century". Liberty and Relligion: Church and State in Leiden's Reformation, 1572-1620. Brill. ISBN 90-04-11643-5.

in Dutch

• P.J. Blok. Geschiedenis eener Hollandsche stad (in Dutch). Hague: M. Nijhoff. 1910-1918
• Henri Zondervan, ed. (1919), "Leiden", Winkler Prins' Geillustreerde Encyclopaedie (in Dutch), 11 (4th ed.), Amsterdam: Uitgevers-Maatschappy „Elsevier“ (province and city)

External links

• Europeana. Items related to Leiden, various dates.
• Digital Public Library of America. Items related to Leiden, various dates