Textual variants in the Epistle to the Philippians

Textual variants in the Epistle to the Philippians are the subject of the study called textual criticism of the New Testament. Textual variants in manuscripts arise when a copyist makes deliberate or inadvertent alterations to a text that is being reproduced. An abbreviated list of textual variants in this particular book is given in this article below.

Most of the variations are not significant and some common alterations include the deletion, rearrangement, repetition, or replacement of one or more words when the copyist's eye returns to a similar word in the wrong location of the original text. If their eye skips to an earlier word, they may create a repetition (error of dittography). If their eye skips to a later word, they may create an omission. They may resort to performing a rearranging of words to retain the overall meaning without compromising the context. In other instances, the copyist may add text from memory from a similar or parallel text in another location. Otherwise, they may also replace some text of the original with an alternative reading. Spellings occasionally change. Synonyms may be substituted. A pronoun may be changed into a proper noun (such as "he said" becoming "Jesus said"). John Mill's 1707 Greek New Testament was estimated to contain some 30,000 variants in its accompanying textual apparatus[1] which was based on "nearly 100 [Greek] manuscripts."[2] Peter J. Gurry puts the number of non-spelling variants among New Testament manuscripts around 500,000, though he acknowledges his estimate is higher than all previous ones.[3]

Legend

A guide to the symbols used in the body of this article.

Notable manuscripts

Notable textual variants

Philippians 1:14

του θεου – א A B (D*) P Ψ 33 81 104 326 365 629 1175 1241 2464
κυρίου – F, G, Cyp
omitted – 𝔓46 D2 Byz r, Marcion

Philippians 2:30

Χριστοῦ – 𝔓46, B, G, 88, 436, 1739, 1881, Origen
τοῦ Χριστοῦ – D, K, 181, 326, 614, 629, 630, 1877, 1984 1495, Byz, Lect
κυρίου – אc, A, P, Ψ, 33, 81, 104, 330, 451, 1241, 1962, 2127, 2492, syr, cop, arm, eth
τοῦ θεοῦ – 1985, Chrysostom
omit – C

Philippians 3:16

τω αυτω στοιχειν – 𝔓16, 𝔓46, א, A, B, I, 33, 424, 1739, copsa, bo, ethro
το αυτο φρονειν – 1881
το αυτο φρονειν, τω αυτω στοιχειν – (D* τω αυτοι) (G συνστοιχειν) itar, d, e, g
το αυτο φρονειν, τω αυτω κανονι στοιχειν – (Dc 436 στοιχειν κανονι) 81, 104, 330, 451, 1241, 2127, 2492
τω αυτω στοιχειν κανονι, το αυτο φρονειν – K, P, Ψ, 88, 181, 326, 424, 614, 630, 1877, 1962, 1984, 1985, 2495, Byz
τω αυτω κανονι στοιχειν, το αυτο φρονειν – 69, 1908

Philippians 4:7

σωματα – F G a d
νοηματα και τα σωματα – 𝔓16
νοηματα – rell

See also

References
  1. Adam Fox, John Mill and Richard Bentley: A Study of the Textual Criticism of the New Testament 1675–1729 (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1954), pp. 105–115; John Mill, Novum Testamentum Graecum, cum lectionibus variantibus MSS (Oxford 1707)
  2. Metzger and Ehrman (2005), p.154
  3. Peter J. Gurry, "The Number of Variants in the Greek New Testament: A Proposed Estimate" New Testament Studies 62.1 (2016), p. 113

Further reading
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