Seonjo of Joseon

Seonjo of Joseon (26 November 1552 – 16 March 1608) was the fourteenth king of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea from 1567 to 1608. Known for encouraging Confucianism and renovating state affairs at the beginning of his reign, political chaos and his incompetent leadership during the Japanese invasions of Korea marred his later years.[1]

Seonjo of Joseon 朝鮮宣祖 조선 선조
King of Joseon
Reign	1567–1608
Predecessor	Myeongjong of Joseon
Successor	Gwanghaegun of Joseon
Regent	Crown Prince Gwanghae (1592–1608)
Born	26 November 1552 Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon
Died	16 March 1608 (aged 55) Hanseong, Kingdom of Joseon
Consort	Queen Uiin Queen Inmok
Issue	Gwanghaegun of Joseon
Posthumous name King Sogyung Jeongryun Ripgeuk Seongdeok Hongryeol Jiseong Daeeui Gyeokcheon Heeun Gyungmyung Sinryeok Honggong Yungeop Hyeonmun Euimu Seongye Dalhyo the Great 소경정륜립극성덕홍렬지성대의격천희운경명신력홍공융업현문의무성예달효대왕 昭敬正倫立極盛德洪烈至誠大義格天熙運景命神曆弘功隆業顯文毅武聖睿達孝大王 Temple name Seonjo (선조, 宣祖)
House	Jeonju Yi
Father	Yi Cho, Grand Prince Deokheung
Mother	Grand Princess Consort Hadong
Religion	Confucianism

Seonjo of Joseon
Hangul	선조
Hanja	宣祖
Revised Romanization	Seonjo
McCune–Reischauer	Sŏn-jo
Birth name
Hangul	이연
Hanja	李昖
Revised Romanization	I Yeon
McCune–Reischauer	Yi Yŏn

Biography

Background

King Seonjo was born Yi Yeon in 1552 in Hanseong (today, Seoul), capital of Korea, as the third son of Prince Deokheung (덕흥군), himself son of King Jungjong and Royal Noble Consort Changbin Ahn-ssi (창빈 안씨, 1499–1549). He was given the title of Prince Haseong. When King Myeongjong died young without an heir, Prince Haseong was the next in the line of succession. Then, by decision of the royal court, he was crowned king in 1567 at the age of 16.[1][2] As a result, his father was promoted to the status of Daewongun (대원군, 'Great Prince of the Court)[3]

Early Reign (1567–1575)

King Seonjo focused on the improvement of the lives of the common people, as well as rebuilding the nation after the political corruption during the chaotic reign of Yeonsangun and King Jungjong. He encouraged Sarim scholars, who had been persecuted by entrenched aristocrats in four different purges between 1498 and 1545 during reign of Yeonsangun and Jungjong. Seonjo continued the political reforms of King Myeongjong, and put many famous Confucian scholars, including Yi Hwang, Yi I, Jeong Cheol, and Yu Seong-ryong, in office.[1]

Seonjo also reformed the civil service examination system, particularly the civil official qualification exam. The previous exam was mainly concerned with literature, not with politics or history. The king himself ordered the system to be reformed by increasing the importance of these other subjects. He also restored the reputations of executed scholars such as Jo Gwang-jo, who died in Third Literati Purge of 1519, and denounced the accomplishments of corrupt aristocrats, notably Nam Gon, who instigated the purge under Jungjong and contributed greatly to the corruption of the era. These acts earned the king the respect of the general populace, and the country enjoyed a brief era of peace.[1][4]

Political division and East-West feud (1575–1592)

Among the scholars King Seonjo called to the government were Sim Ui-gyeom and Kim Hyowon. Sim was a relative of the queen, and heavily conservative.[5] Kim was the leading figure of the new generation of officials, and called for liberal reforms.[6] The scholars who supported King Seonjo began to split into two factions, headed by Sim and Kim. Members of the two factions even lived in the same neighborhood; Sim's faction lived on west side of the city while Kim's followers gathered on the east side. Consequently, the two factions began to be called the Western Faction and the Easterners ; this two-faction based political system lasted 200 years and later helped bring about the collapse of the dynasty.[2][4]

At first the Westerners earned the favor of the king, since Sim was related to the queen and also had larger support from wealthy nobles. However, their attitudes on reformation and Sim's indecisiveness helped the Easterners take power, and the Westerners fell out of favor. Reforms were accelerated during the first period of influence of the Easterners, but then many Easterners began to urge others to slow down the reforms. The Easterners were once again divided into the Northern and the Southern Faction. Yu Seong-ryong led the Southern faction while the Northerners divided even further after arguments over many issues; the Greater Northerners Faction was an extreme leftist faction, while the Lesser Northerners Faction became less reform-minded than the Greater Northerners Faction, but still more leftist than the Southerners.[2]

The political divisions caused the nation to be weakened, since the size of the military was also one of the issues on the reform agenda. Yi I, a neutral conservative, urged the king to increase the size of the army to prepare against future invasions from the Jurchens and Japanese. However, both factions rejected Yi's suggestions, and the size of the army was decreased further since many believed the peaceful period would last. The Jurchens and Japanese used this opportunity to expand their influence in East Asia, resulting in the Seven-Year War, and the foundation of the Qing Dynasty in China, both of which would lead to devastation on the Korean Peninsula.[4]

King Seonjo faced many difficulties dealing with both new threats, sending many skilled military commanders to the northern front, while contending with Japanese leaders Oda Nobunaga, Toyotomi Hideyoshi and Tokugawa Ieyasu in the south. However, after Toyotomi Hideyoshi unified Japan, the Japanese soon proved themselves to be the greater threat; and many Koreans began to fear that their country would be taken over by the Japanese. Many officials concerned with the defense of the kingdom urged the king to send delegates to Hideyoshi, their major purpose being to find out whether Hideyoshi was preparing for invasion or not. However, the two government factions could not even agree on this issue of national importance; so a compromise was made and one delegate from each faction was sent to Hideyoshi. When they returned to Korea, their reports only caused more controversy and confusion.[1][2][4] Hwang Yun-gil, of the Westerners faction, reported that Hideyoshi was raising huge numbers of troops,[7] but Kim Seong-Il, of the Easterners faction, told the king that he thought these large forces were not for the war against Korea, since he was trying to complete his reforms quickly to prevent lawlessness and quash the bandits now roaming the countryside.[8] Since the Easterners had the bigger voice in government at the time, Hwang's reports were ignored and Seonjo decided not to prepare for war, even though the attitude of Hideyoshi in his letter to Seonjo clearly showed his interest in the conquest of Asia.[7][9]

Six-Year War (1592–1598)

In 1591, after the delegates had returned from Japan, Toyotomi Hideyoshi sent his own delegates to visit King Seonjo, and asked permission to pass through the Korean Peninsula to invade China, in effect declaring war against the Joseon kingdom. The king was surprised; after refusing the Japanese request he sent a letter to Beijing to alert the Chinese that the Japanese were actually preparing for full-scale war against the Korean-Chinese alliance. He also ordered the construction of many forts in the coastal regions and sent generals Sin Rip and Yi Il to the southern coast to prepare for war. While the Koreans were busy making their preparations, the Japanese manufactured muskets for many of their soldiers, mobilized warriors from across the entire country.[9][10]

On April 13, 1592, about 700 Japanese ships under Konishi Yukinaga invaded Korea. Konishi easily burned Fort Busan and Fort Donglae, killed commanders Jeong Bal and Song Sang-hyeon and marched northward. On the next day even more troops under Katō Kiyomasa and Kuroda Nagamasa landed, also marching toward Hanyang. A huge Japanese fleet under Todo Takatora and Kuki Yoshitaka supported them from the sea. General Yi Il faced Katō Kiyomasa at the Battle of Sangju, which was won by Japanese. Then Yi Il met General Sin Rip, but their combined forces were also defeated at the Battle of Chungju by Konishi Yukinaga. Then Seonjo appointed General Kim Myeong-won as Commander-in-Chief and Field Marshal, and ordered him to defend the capital. Then the king moved to Pyongyang, since the Japanese began to seize the capital. He later moved even further north to the border city of Uiju just before the fall of Pyongyang. While the king was absent from the capital, many people who had lost hope in the government plundered the palace and burned many public buildings. This resulted in even more damage than that perpetrated by the Japanese after they had captured the city.[9][10]

Although the army continued to lose men and battles, the navy successfully cut the Japanese supply line from the sea; Admiral Yi Sun-sin defeated the Japanese fleet several times and did much damage to the supply ships. With the navy blocking supplies, Chinese forces under General Li Rusong arrived, and began to push the Japanese southward, eventually retaking Pyongyang. Konishi Yukinaga successfully blocked a Chinese advance at Battle of Byeokjegwan, and again tried to push the Koreans northward,[11] but the crucial blow came at the Battle of Hangju, where General Gwon Yul defeated the Japanese with a much smaller force.[12] The Japanese then decided to enter into peace negotiations, while both sides continued fighting. During these negotiations Koreans retook Seoul, but the palaces had all been burnt to the ground, so Seonjo repaired one of the old royal family's houses and renamed it Deoksugung, making it one of the official palaces.[13]

The peace negotiations between the Chinese and Japanese ended unsuccessfully, due to a lack of understanding between the two sides and misrepresentation of the Koreans. The Japanese again invaded Korea in 1597; but this time all three nations were ready for war, and the Japanese were not able to advance as easily as in 1592. The Japanese tried to take Hanyang from both land and sea routes. At first the plan seemed to work well when Todo Takatora defeated Admiral Won Gyun at the Battle of Chilchonryang,[14] but the plan was abandoned when the Korean navy under Admiral Yi Sun-sin defeated the Japanese fleet under Todo Takatora in the Battle of Myeongnyang with only 13 ships. The battle effectively ended the war, and in 1598 the Japanese at last withdrew from Korea after the sudden death of Toyotomi Hideyoshi. The Battle of Noryang marked the end of the war, with the last Japanese units under Konishi Yukinaga leaving Korea.[4][9][10]

Later days (1598–1608)

Despite all the efforts put in by Seonjo during the war, such as establishing army training facilities and reforming taxation laws – people were awarded with increase of social class, exemption of labor or crimes in return for payment of tax in rice – the war left a devastated land and starving people.[1] After the war, his wish of reconstructing the nation was impeded by the political turmoil caused by quarrelling political factions and famine.[2] King Seonjo lost hope in governing the nation, and let his Crown Prince Gwanghaegun rule in his place. However, when the queen gave birth to a son (Gwanghaegun was the second son of Lady Kim, the king's concubine), the succession also became a matter of contention.[15] King Seonjo died in 1608, while political division and outside threats still darkened the skies over Korea.[2]

Family

• Grandfather
  • King Jungjong of Joseon (16 April 1488 – 29 November 1544) (조선 중종)
• Grandmother
  • Royal Noble Consort Changbin of the Ansan Ahn clan (2 September 1499 – 7 November 1549) (창빈 안씨)
• Father
  • Yi Cho, Grand Internal Prince Deokheung (2 April 1530 – 14 June 1559) (이초 덕흥대원군)[3]
    • Adoptive father: King Myeongjong (명종대왕) (3 July 1532 - 2 August 1567)
• Mother
  • Grand Internal Princess Consort Hadong of the Hadong Jeong clan (23 September 1522 – 24 June 1567) (하동부대부인 정씨)
    • Adoptive mother: Queen Insun of the Cheongseong Sim clan (인순왕후 심씨) (7 June 1532 - 12 February 1575)
      • Maternal Grandfather: Jeong Se-Ho (1486 – 1563) (정세호, 鄭世虎)[16]
      • Maternal Grandmother: Lady Lee of the Gwangju Lee clan (광주 이씨)
• Consorts and their Respective Issue(s):

1. Queen Uiin of the Bannam Park clan (5 May 1555 – 5 August 1600) (의인왕후 박씨)[17]
2. Queen Inmok of the Yeonan Kim clan (15 December 1584 – 13 August 1632) (인목왕후 김씨)[18]
   1. Princess Jeongmyeong (27 June 1603 – 8 September 1685) (정명공주)[19]
   2. Yi Ui, Grand Prince Yeongchang (12 April 1606 – 19 March 1614) (이의 영창대군)[20]
3. Royal Noble Consort Gong of the Gimhae Kim clan (16 November 1553 – 13 June 1577) (공빈 김씨)[21]
   1. Yi Jin, Prince Imhae (20 September 1572 – 3 June 1609) (이진 임해군)[22]
   2. Yi Hon, Crown Prince Gwanghae (4 June 1575 – 7 August 1641) (이혼 광해세자)
4. Royal Noble Consort In of the Suwon Kim clan (1555 – 1613) (인빈 김씨)[23]
   1. Yi Seong, Prince Uian (1577 – 24 February 1588) (이성 의안군)[24]
   2. Yi Ho, Prince Shinseong (6 January 1579 – 8 December 1592) (이후 신성군)[25]
   3. Yi Bu, Prince Jeongwon (2 August 1580 – 29 December 1619) (이부 정원군)
   4. Princess Jeongsin (1583 – 1653) (정신옹주)[26]
   5. Princess Jeonghye (1584 – 1638) (정혜옹주)[27]
   6. Princess Jeongsuk (1587 – 6 November 1627) (정숙옹주)[28][29]
   7. Yi Gwang, Prince Uichang (1589 – 1645) (이광 의창군)[30]
   8. Princess Jeongan (1590 – 1660) (정안옹주)[31]
   9. Princess Jeonghwi (1593 – 15 July 1653) (정휘옹주)[32]
5. Royal Noble Consort Sun of the Gimhae Kim clan (순빈 김씨) (? - 1647)
   1. Yi Bu, Prince Sunhwa (10 October 1580 – 18 March 1607) (이부 순화군)[33][34][35]
6. Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Yeoheung Min clan (1567 – 1626) (정빈 민씨)[36][37]
   1. Yi Gong, Prince Inseong (29 October 1588 – 20 May 1628) (이공 인성군)[38]
   2. Princess Jeongin (1590 – 10 January 1656) (정인옹주)[39]
   3. Princess Jeongseon (1 April 1594 – 1 August 1614) (정선옹주)[40]
   4. Princess Jeonggeun (1601 – 11 July 1613) (정근옹주)[41]
   5. Yi Yeong, Prince Inheung (1604 – 1651) (이영 인흥군)[42]
7. Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Namyang Hong clan (1563 – 1638) (정빈 홍씨)[43]
   1. Princess Jeongjeong (1595 – 1666) (정정옹주)[44]
   2. Yi Ju, Prince Gyeongchang (23 September 1596 – 16 January 1644) (이주 경창군)[45][46][47]
8. Royal Noble Consort On of the Cheongju Han clan (1581 – 1664) (온빈 한씨)
   1. Yi Je, Prince Heungan (1598 - 1624) (이제 흥안군)[48][49]
   2. Yi Reuk, Prince Gyeongpyeong (June 1600 – 28 November 1673) (이륵 경평군)[50][51]
   3. Princess Jeonghwa (1604 – 1667) (정화옹주)[52]
   4. Yi Gye, Prince Yeongseon (24 December 1605 – 1649) (이계 영선군)[53]
9. Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Yeonil Jeong clan (귀인 정씨) (1557 - 1579)[54][55]
10. Royal Consort Suk-ui of the Dongrae Jeong clan (숙의 정씨) (1564 - 1580)[56]
11. Royal Consort Suk-ui of the Kim clan (숙의 김씨)[57]
12. Royal Consort Suk-ui of the Han clan (숙의 한씨)[58]
13. Royal Consort So-won of the Yun clan (소원 윤씨) (? - 1632)[59]
14. Court Lady Kim (상궁 김씨) (? - 1623)[60][61][62]

His full posthumous name

• English: King Seonjo Sogyung Jeongryun Ripgeuk Seongdeok Hongryeol Jiseong Daeeui Gyeokcheon Heeun Gyungmyung Sinryeok Honggong Yungeop Hyeonmun Euimu Seongye Dalhyo the Great of Korea
• Korean: 선조소경정륜립극성덕홍렬지성대의격천희운경명신력홍공융업현문의무성예달효대왕

Modern depictions

• Portrayed by Kim Sung-ok in the 1995 KBS2 TV series West Palace.
• Portrayed by Park Chan-hwan in the 1999-2000 MBC TV series Hur Jun.
• Portrayed by Im Dong-jin in the 2003 SBS The King's Woman.
• Portrayed by Choi Cheol-ho in the 2004-2005 KBS1 TV series Immortal Admiral Yi Sun-sin.
• Portrayed by Kim Chang-wan in the 2010 film Blades of Blood.
• Portrayed by Jeon No-min in the 2013 MBC TV series Hur Jun, The Original Story.
• Portrayed by Jeong Bo-seok in the 2013 MBC TV series Goddess of Fire.
• Portrayed by Lee Sung-jae in the 2014 KBS2 TV series The King's Face.
• Portrayed by Kim Tae-woo in the 2015 KBS1 TV series The Jingbirok: A Memoir of Imjin War.
• Portrayed by Park Yeong-gyu in the 2015 MBC TV series Splendid Politics.
• Portrayed by Lee Ji-hoon in the 2016 JTBC TV series Mirror of the Witch.
• Portrayed by Kim Hyun-bin in the 2016 MBC TV series Flowers of the Prison.

See also

• List of Koreans
• Rulers of Korea
• List of Korea-related topics

References

1. (in Korean) Seonjo at Doosan Encyclopedia
2. (in Korean) Seonjo Archived 2011-06-10 at the Wayback Machine at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
3. (in Korean) Daewongun at Doosan Encyclopedia. An honorary title given to the father of the king who is not a direct heir from the previous king.
4. The Academy of Korean Studies, Korea through the Ages Vol. 1 p189-p195, The Editor Publishing Co., Seoul, 2005. ISBN 89-7105-544-8
5. (in Korean) Sim Ui-gyeom at Doosan Encyclopedia
6. (in Korean) Kim Hyowon at Doosan Encyclopedia
7. (in Korean) Hwang Yun-gil at Doosan Encyclopedia
8. (in Korean) Kim Seong-il at Doosan Encyclopedia
9. (in Korean) Japanese invasions of Korea 1592–1598 at Doosan Encyclopedia
10. (in Korean) Japanese invasions of Korea 1592–1598 Archived 2011-06-10 at the Wayback Machine at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
11. (in Korean) Battle of Byeokjegwan at Doosan Encyclopedia
12. (in Korean) Gwon Yul at Doosan Encyclopedia
13. (in Korean) Deoksugung at Doosan Encyclopedia
14. (in Korean) Won Gyun Archived 2011-06-10 at the Wayback Machine at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
15. (in Korean) Gwanghaegun Archived 2011-06-10 at the Wayback Machine at Encyclopedia of Korean Culture
16. His uncle, Jeong Hyeon-jo (정현조, 鄭顯祖) (1440 - 13 July 1504), married Princess Uisuk; a daughter of King Sejo of Joseon and Queen Jeonghui.
17. No issue
18. She eventually became the 8th great-grand aunt of Kim Sudeok, the wife of Prince Yi Kang (King Gojong’s son).
19. Became the great-great-great-grandmother of Lady Hyegyeong.
20. Had an adoptive son, Yi Pil, Prince Changseong (창성군 필, 昌城君 佖); a grandson of King Seonjo of Joseon and Royal Noble Consort Jeong of the Namyang Hong clan
21. Was honored as Queen Gongseong of the Gimhae Kim clan (공성왕후, 恭聖王后) during her son’s reign
22. Married Princess Consort Heo of the Yangcheon Heo clan (군부인 양천 허씨, 郡夫人 陽川 許氏) (1571 - 1644), and had 4 children (1 daughter, 1 son, and 2 adoptive sons).
23. Was honored as Gyeonghye Inbin (경혜인빈, 敬惠仁嬪)
24. Died at the age of 12
25. Married Princess Consort Shin of the Pyeongsan Shin clan (군부인 평산 신씨, 郡夫人 平山申氏) (1578 - 1622), and had 3 children (1 daughter and 2 adoptive sons)
26. Married Seo Gyeong-ju (서경주, 徐景霌) of the Dalseong Seo clan (1579 - 1643), and had 8 children (5 daughters and 3 sons).
27. Married Yun Shin-ji (윤신지, 尹新之) of the Haepyeong Yun clan (1582 - 1657), and had 2 sons.
28. Married Shin Ik-seong (신익성, 申翊聖) (1588 - 1644) of the Pyeongsan Shin clan, and had 9 children (4 daughters and 5 sons).
29. Her fourth daughter, Shin Ji-kang (신지강, 申止康) (1617 - ?), married Kim Jwa-myeong of the Cheongpung Kim clan (the uncle of Queen Myeongseong).
30. Married Princess Consort Heo of the Yangcheon Heo clan (양천군부인 양천 허씨, 陽川郡夫人 陽川 許氏), and had an adoptive son
31. Married Park Mi (박미, 朴瀰) of the Bannam Park clan (1592 - 1645), and had a son.
32. Married Ryu Jeong-ryang (류정량, 柳廷亮) of the Jeonju Ryu clan (1591 - 1663), and had 4 children (2 sons and 2 daughters).
33. Married Lady Hwang of the Jangsu Hwang clan (장수 황씨, 長水 黃氏) (27 April 1577 - 8 August ?), and had a 3 daughters
34. With a concubine, he had 3 daughters
35. A grandson of his father (through a concubine) and a son of his younger half-brother, Prince Inseong, became his adoptive sons
36. Her great-grandmother was Princess Gyeongsuk, a daughter of King Seongjong.
37. Daughter of Min Sa-joon (민사준, 閔士俊) (1537 - ?) of the Yeoheung Min clan, and Lady Maeng of the Sincheon Maeng clan (신천 맹씨).
38. Married Princess Consort Yun of the Haepyeong Yun clan (군부인 해평 윤씨), and had 7 children (5 sons and 2 daughters).
39. Later married Hong Woo-gyeong (홍우경, 洪友敬) (1590 - 1625), and had a son, Hong Yeon (홍언, 洪琂) (1609 - ?).
40. Later married Kwon Dae-im (권대임, 權大任) (1595 - 1645), and had a son, Kwon Jeon (권진, 權瑱) (1613 - 1659)
41. Later married Kim Guk-bin (김극빈, 金克鑌) (1600 - 1628) of the Chisan Kim clan (치산, 善山), and had an adoptive son, Kim Sae-pil (김세필, 金世泌)
42. Later married Lady Song of the Yeosan Song clan (여산 송씨, 礪山 宋氏), and had 2 sons.
43. Was known before as Royal Consort Suk-ui of the Namyang Hong clan (숙의 홍씨, 淑儀 洪氏)
44. Married Yu Jeok ( 유적, 柳頔) (1595 - 1619) and had an adoptive son, Yu Myeong-jeon (유명전, 柳命全) (1628 - 1644)
45. His eldest son became the adoptive son of his younger half-brother, Grand Prince Yeongchang
46. Married Lady Jo of the Changnyeong Jo clan (창녕 조씨, 昌寧 曺氏) (1594 - 1648), and had 7 children (4 sons and 3 daughters)
47. With a concubine, he had 2 sons and 2 daughters
48. Married Princess Consort Cheongwon of the Cheongju Han clan (청주군부인 청주 한씨, 淸州郡夫人 淸州 韓氏), and had an adoptive son, Yi Hui, Prince Haeyang (해양군 이희, 海陽君 李僖) (1620 - 1682)
49. Later remarried to Princess Consort Papyeong of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평군부인 파평 윤씨, 坡平郡夫人 坡平 尹氏), and had another adoptive son, Yi Yeong-se (이영세, 李英世) (1617 - 1668)
50. Married Princess Consort Choi of the Saknyeong Choi clan (군부인 삭녕 최씨, 郡夫人 朔寧 崔氏), and had a son, Yi Hyeon, Prince Yeongyang (영양군 현, 嶺陽君 儇)
51. With a concubine, he had 3 sons and 2 daughters
52. Married Kwon Dae-hang (권대항, 權大恒) of the Andong Kwon clan, and had an adoptive son, Kwon Deok-hwi (권덕휘, 權德徽) (1622 - ?)
53. Married Princess Consort Hoesan of the Cheongwon Hwang clan (회산군부인 창원 황씨, 檜山郡夫人 昌原 黃氏), and had a son, Yi Yun, Prince Hoewon (회원군 이윤, 檜原君 李倫) (1636 - 1731)
54. Was first known before as Royal Consort Suk-ui of the Yeonil Jeong clan (숙의 정씨), then as Royal Consort So-ui of the Yeonil Jeong clan (소의 정씨)
55. No issue
56. No issue
57. No issue
58. No issue
59. No issue
60. Her personal name was Kim Gae-si (김개시, 金介屎). Other names used or known as were Kim Gae-hee (김개희, 金介姬) and Kim Ga-si (김가시, 金可屎)
61. Also became the concubine for Gwanghaegun of Joseon
62. No issue