Romans 10

Romans 10 is the tenth chapter of the Epistle to the Romans in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. It is authored by Paul the Apostle, while he was in Corinth in the mid 50s CE,[1] with the help of an amanuensis (secretary), Tertius, who adds his own greeting in Romans 16:22.[2] Paul continues his discussion of Israel's rejection of God’s purpose which he had commenced in chapter 9: despite his "anguish over Israel" [3] it remains his "heart’s desire and prayer to God for the Israelites that they may be saved".[4]

Romans 10
Epistle to the Romans 8:12–22 in the bigger of two fragments forming Papyrus 27 (recto side), written in the 3rd century.
BookEpistle to the Romans
CategoryPauline epistles
Christian Bible partNew Testament
Order in the Christian part6

Text

The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 21 verses.

Old Testament references

Zeal for God not based on knowledge

Paul asserts that those Jews who have not believed in Jesus Christ are 'zealous for God', but their zeal is not based on knowledge (Romans 10:2) or, in the International Children's Bible, "They really try to follow God. But they do not know the right way."

Righteousness according to Moses

Verse 5
For Moses writes about the righteousness which is of the law, “The man who does those things shall live by them.”[6]

The quotation is from Leviticus 18:5.[7]

Verse 8
But what does it say? “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart” (that is, the word of faith which we preach):[8]

The quotation is from Deuteronomy 30:14[9]

Verse 9
If you confess with your mouth the Lord Jesus and believe in your heart that God has raised Him from the dead, you will be saved.[10]
  • The Lord Jesus": rendered in NET as "Jesus is Lord" or “the Lord.”[11] The Greek construction of κύριον (kurion), also in the quotation from Joel 2:32 in verse 13 (referring to the same "Lord"), suggests a reference to "Yahweh".[12]

Verse 13
For whosoever shall call upon the name of the Lord shall be saved.[13]

The quotation is from Joel 2:32.[14] "The Lord" which originally refers to "Yahweh" is assigned to Jesus in verse 9.[12]

Hearing and obeying the gospel

Using a series of prophetic quotations from Moses, Isaiah and Joel, Paul argues that faith comes through hearing and the gospel must be preached if it is to be heard and obeyed, but also that it was indeed made known to the people of Israel, who have refused to believe, and their disobedience and stubbornness [15] was itself foretold in prophecy (Romans 10:14–21).

See also

References
  1. Hill 2007, p. 1084.
  2. Donaldson, Terence L. (2007). "63. Introduction to the Pauline Corpus". In Barton, John; Muddiman, John (eds.). The Oxford Bible Commentary (first (paperback) ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 1077. ISBN 978-0199277186.
  3. New International Version's sub-heading for Romans 9:1–5
  4. Romans 10:1
  5. Kirkpatrick, A. F. (1901). The Book of Psalms: with Introduction and Notes. The Cambridge Bible for Schools and Colleges. Book IV and V: Psalms XC-CL. Cambridge: At the University Press. p. 838. Retrieved February 28, 2019.
  6. Romans 10:5 NKJV
  7. Note on Romans 10:5 in NET
  8. Romans 10:8 NKJV
  9. Note on Romans 10:8 in NET
  10. Romans 10:9 NKJV
  11. Note on Romans 10:9 in NET
  12. Wallace, D. B., “The Semantics and Exegetical Significance of the Object-Complement Construction in the New Testament,” GTJ 6 (1985): 91-112. apud note on Romans 10:9 in NET
  13. Romans 10:13 KJV
  14. Note on Romans 10:13 in NET
  15. Romans 10:21, New Century Version and International Children's Bible

Bibliography
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