Polygonum ciliinode

Polygonum ciliinode (synonym Fallopia ciliinodis[1]) is a species of flowering plant in the family Polygonaceae, native to central and eastern Canada, and the north-central and eastern United States.[1] The specific epithet is also spelt cilinode.[2]

Polygonum ciliinode
Drawing from the 1913 illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Polygonaceae
Genus: Polygonum
Species:
P. ciliinode
Binomial name
Polygonum ciliinode
Synonyms[1]
  • Bilderdykia ciliinodis (Michx.) Greene
  • Fallopia ciliinodis (Michx.) Holub
  • Helxine ciliinode Raf.
  • Reynoutria ciliinodis (Michx.) Shinners
  • Tiniaria ciliinodis (Michx.) Small

Taxonomy

The species was first described by André Michaux in 1803.[2] Michaux spelt the epithet "cilinode".[3] Article 60 of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants requires the correction of improperly formed "compounding forms",[4] and the International Plant Names Index has corrected it to "ciliinode".[2]

Polygonum ciliinode is part of the tribe Polygoneae of the subfamily Polygonoideae.[5] However, like many species in the family Polygonaceae, it has been placed in different genera within this group, including in Fallopia and Reynoutria.[2] A 2015 molecular phylogenetic study (in which the species was treated as Fallopia cilinodis) found that it was weakly supported as a sister to the "DAP clade" (see the following cladogram), although plastid data alone placed it in the "RMF clade". The presence of extra-floral nectaries in Polygonum ciliinode suggests a relationship with the RMF clade, as this is one of the characteristics of the clade. Its relationships remain unsettled; it may represent an as-yet-unrecognized lineage in the Polygoneae.[5]

Polygoneae
 

Knorringia

 
 
 
 

Polygonum ciliinode (syn. Fallopia ciliinodis)

 
DAP clade
 

Duma

 
 
 

Atraphaxis

 
 

Polygonum

 
 
 
 
RMF clade
 

Reynoutria

 
 
 

Muehlenbeckia

 
 

Fallopia s.s.

 
 
 
 
 

References
  1. "Polygonum cilinode Michx.", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2019-03-04
  2. "Plant Name Details for Polygonum ciliinode Michx.", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2019-03-04
  3. Michaux, Andreas (1803), "Polygonum cilinode", Flora boreali-americana, sistens caracteres plantarum quas in America septentrionali collegit et detexit Andreas Michaux (in Latin), 1, Paris: Levrault, p. 241, retrieved 2019-03-04
  4. Turland, N.J.; et al., eds. (2018), "Art. 60", International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017 (electronic ed.), Glashütten: International Association for Plant Taxonomy, retrieved 2019-03-04
  5. Schuster, Tanja M.; Reveal, James L.; Bayly, Michael J. & Kron, Kathleen A. (2015), "An updated molecular phylogeny of Polygonoideae (Polygonaceae): Relationships of Oxygonum, Pteroxygonum, and Rumex, and a new circumscription of Koenigia", Taxon, 64 (6): 1188–1208, doi:10.12705/646.5


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