Pike County, Indiana

Pike County is a county in the southwest portion of the U.S. state of Indiana. As of the 2010 United States Census, the population was 12,845.[1] The county seat is Petersburg.[2] It contains the geographic point representing median center of US population in 2010.[3]

Pike County
U.S. county
Pike County Courthouse in Petersburg
Location within the U.S. state of Indiana
Indiana's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 38°24′N 87°14′W
Country	United States
State	Indiana
Founded	21 December 1816
Named for	Zebulon Pike
Seat	Petersburg
Largest city	Petersburg
Area
• Total	341.09 sq mi (883.4 km^2)
• Land	334.24 sq mi (865.7 km^2)
• Water	6.86 sq mi (17.8 km^2)  2.01%%
Population
• Estimate  (2018)	12,845
• Density	38.4/sq mi (14.8/km^2)
Time zone	UTC−5 (Eastern)
• Summer (DST)	UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district	8th
Website	www.pikecounty.in.gov
Indiana county number 63 First county created after statehood 2010 median center of U.S. population

Pike County is part of the Jasper Micropolitan Statistical Area.

History

In 1787, the fledgling United States defined the Northwest Territory, which included the area of present-day Indiana. In 1800, Congress separated Ohio from the Northwest Territory, designating the rest of the land as the Indiana Territory.[4] President Thomas Jefferson chose William Henry Harrison as the territory's first governor, and Vincennes was established as the territorial capital.[5] After the Michigan Territory was separated and the Illinois Territory was formed, Indiana was reduced to its current size and geography.[4] On 11 December 1816, the Indiana Territory was admitted to the Union as a state.

Starting in 1794, Native American titles to Indiana lands were extinguished by usurpation, purchase, or war and treaty. The United States acquired land from the Native Americans in the Vincennes Tract, in the 1804 Treaty of Vincennes, and in the 1809 treaty of Fort Wayne . These various dealings resolved the occupation issue for the future Pike County. Whites had been settling in the future county's terrain since 1800 (the first was Woolsey Pride, at White Oak Springs).[6]

The area of present-day Pike County was first placed under local jurisdiction in 1790, when Knox County was created. This all-encompassing county was repeatedly subdivided as its lands were occupied − on 1 April 1813 the County of Gibson was authorized from the SW portion of Knox County, and four weeks later another portion of Knox was partitioned to create Warrick County. On 1 November 1814, portions of Warrick and Gibson were partitioned to create Perry County. Two years later, the northern portions of Gibson and Perry were sufficiently populated to warrant a separate governing structure, so on 21 December 1816 − ten days after being admitted to the Federal Union as a state − the Indiana state legislature authorized the creation of Pike County, taking areas from Gibson, Knox, and Perry counties. The first commissioners filed a report dated 15 February 1817, naming Petersburg as the seat of government;[7] the city was laid out and platted that same year. The city was named for Peter Brenton, an original owner of the town site.[7]^:337 A post office was put into service at Petersburg in 1823.[8]

Pike County was named for Zebulon Pike, famous for his Pike Expedition of 1806 – 1807, exploring the southwest portion of the Louisiana Purchase. Pike commanded the 4th Infantry Regiment at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811. He was killed as a brigadier general during the War of 1812 after his men had captured York (now Toronto), Canada.[9]

The first courthouse in Pike County was a two-story log building, laid on the east side of the Petersburg public square in 1817. It remained in use until replaced by a two-story brick building in 1834. The third courthouse was a larger two-story structure, built in 1868; the present building was erected in 1922.[6]

From 1959 to 1963 Vance Hartke and Homer E. Capehart were the U.S. Senators for Indiana, both from Pike County.

Geography

The low hills of Pike County have been cleared, leveled, and put to agricultural use, although its many drainages are still wooded.[10] The highest point on the terrain (650 feet/198 meters ASL) is the sharp crest of a ridge 2.9 miles (4.6 km) NE of Stendal.[11]

The county's northern boundary is defined by the westward-flowing White River. The Patoka River also flows westward through the lower central part of the county, and forms a portion of the county's west boundary line with Gibson County.

According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of 341.09 square miles (883.4 km²), of which 334.24 square miles (865.7 km²) (or 97.99%) is land and 6.86 square miles (17.8 km²) (or 2.01%) is water.[12]

Adjacent counties

• Daviess County − northeast
• Dubois County − east
• Warrick County − south/CT Border
• Gibson County − west/CT Border
• Knox County − northwest

Major highways

• Interstate 69
• SR 56
• SR 57
• SR 61
• SR 64
• SR 65
• SR 257
• SR 356
• SR 364

Protected areas

• Columbia Mine Preserve (part)[10]
• Interlake State Recreation Area (part)[10]
• Patoka River National Wildlife Refuge and Management Area (part)

City

• Petersburg

Towns

• Spurgeon
• Winslow

Census-designated place

• Otwell (named Pierceville 1855−1864)

Unincorporated places

• Alford
• Algiers
• Arda
• Arthur Junction
• Ashby Yards
• Augusta
• Ayrshire
• Bowman
• Campbelltown
• Cato
• Chandler
• Coats Spring
• Coe
• Enos Corner
• Fritz Corner
• Glezen
• Hartwell
• Highbank Town
• Iva
• Littles
• Marysville
• Muren
• Oatsville
• Pikeville
• Rogers
• Rumble
• Scottsburg
• Stendal
• Survant
• Union
• Velpen
• West Petersburg
• White Sulphur Springs
• Whiteoak
• Willisville
• Zoar

Townships

• Clay
• Jefferson
• Lockhart
• Logan
• Madison
• Marion
• Monroe
• Patoka
• Washington

Climate and weather

Petersburg, Indiana
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D     3     38 21     2.7     44 25     4.1     54 33     4.2     66 44     5.1     75 54     3.8     83 63     4.2     87 67     3.8     86 65     3     80 57     2.8     69 45     4.5     55 36     3.4     43 26 Average max. and min. temperatures in °F Precipitation totals in inches Source: The Weather Channel[13]
Metric conversion J F M A M J J A S O N D     75     3 −6     69     7 −4     103     12 1     107     19 7     131     24 12     97     28 17     106     31 19     96     30 18     75     27 14     72     21 7     114     13 2     87     6 −3 Average max. and min. temperatures in °C Precipitation totals in mm

In recent years, average temperatures in Petersburg have ranged from a low of 21 °F (−6 °C) in January to a high of 87 °F (31 °C) in July, although a record low of −18 °F (−28 °C) was recorded in December 1989 and a record high of 101 °F (38 °C) was recorded in September 2002. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 2.73 inches (69 mm) in February to 5.14 inches (131 mm) in May.[13]

Government

The county government is a constitutional body, and is granted specific powers by the Constitution of Indiana, and by the Indiana Code.

County Council: The legislative branch of the county government; controls spending and revenue collection in the county. Representatives are elected to four-year terms from county districts. They set salaries, the annual budget, and special spending. The council has limited authority to impose local taxes, in the form of an income and property tax that is subject to state level approval, excise taxes, and service taxes.[14][15]

Board of Commissioners: The executive body of the county; commissioners are elected county-wide to staggered four-year terms. One commissioner serves as president. The commissioners execute acts legislated by the council, collect revenue, and manage the county government.[14][15]

Court: The county maintains a Circuit Court (83rd Judicial Circuit) and has a small claims division which division handles family law cases as well. The judge of the Circuit Court is elected to a term of six years and must be a member in good standing of the Indiana Bar. The judge is assisted by a referee in the small claims\family division who is appointed by the Circuit Court Judge.

County Officials: The county has other elected offices, including sheriff, coroner, auditor, treasurer, recorder, surveyor, and circuit court clerk. These officers are elected to four-year terms. Members elected to county government positions are required to declare party affiliations and to be residents of the county.[15]

Presidential election results

Presidential elections results[16]

Year	Republican	Democratic	Third parties
2016	73.6% 4,398	21.7% 1,297	4.7% 282
2012	61.2% 3,627	35.9% 2,125	2.9% 174
2008	53.4% 3,221	44.8% 2,700	1.8% 107
2004	60.3% 3,745	38.9% 2,418	0.8% 49
2000	56.6% 3,566	41.3% 2,605	2.1% 131
1996	37.0% 2,174	47.3% 2,780	15.7% 924
1992	33.8% 2,156	46.5% 2,960	19.7% 1,255
1988	51.7% 3,294	47.7% 3,037	0.6% 40
1984	53.0% 3,689	46.4% 3,231	0.6% 43
1980	48.1% 3,343	48.1% 3,346	3.8% 263
1976	44.2% 3,138	55.5% 3,938	0.4% 25
1972	61.3% 4,252	38.2% 2,648	0.6% 39
1968	45.4% 3,087	43.4% 2,953	11.2% 762
1964	37.2% 2,703	62.1% 4,519	0.7% 50
1960	59.7% 4,606	39.5% 3,046	0.8% 64
1956	57.3% 4,596	41.8% 3,353	0.8% 66
1952	54.3% 4,253	44.4% 3,478	1.4% 107
1948	49.6% 3,696	48.3% 3,596	2.2% 160
1944	54.1% 4,267	44.6% 3,513	1.3% 106
1940	50.9% 4,672	48.5% 4,449	0.6% 56
1936	43.7% 3,885	55.8% 4,952	0.5% 45
1932	40.3% 3,193	57.3% 4,547	2.4% 191
1928	54.6% 4,190	44.4% 3,409	1.0% 74
1924	48.8% 3,885	45.3% 3,604	6.0% 476
1920	51.8% 4,069	39.0% 3,067	9.3% 727
1916	46.7% 2,172	47.6% 2,212	5.7% 266
1912	34.8% 1,515	45.5% 1,984	19.7% 859
1908	47.9% 2,359	47.9% 2,360	4.2% 208
1904	51.8% 2,596	44.4% 2,224	3.8% 191
1900	48.7% 2,420	49.5% 2,460	1.8% 88
1896	47.4% 2,332	52.0% 2,557	0.6% 29
1892	47.5% 2,038	45.6% 1,957	6.9% 298
1888	50.0% 2,197	47.8% 2,098	2.2% 97

Demographics

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1820	1,472		—
1830	2,475		68.1%
1840	4,769		92.7%
1850	7,720		61.9%
1860	10,078		30.5%
1870	13,779		36.7%
1880	16,383		18.9%
1890	18,544		13.2%
1900	20,486		10.5%
1910	19,684		−3.9%
1920	18,684		−5.1%
1930	16,361		−12.4%
1940	17,045		4.2%
1950	14,995		−12.0%
1960	12,797		−14.7%
1970	12,281		−4.0%
1980	13,465		9.6%
1990	12,509		−7.1%
2000	12,837		2.6%
2010	12,845		0.1%
2018 (est.)	12,410	[17]	−3.4%
US Decennial Census[18] 1790–1960[19] 1900–1990[20] 1990–2000[21] 2010–2013[1]

2010 census

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 12,845 people, 5,186 households, and 3,645 families in the county.[22] The population density was 38.4 inhabitants per square mile (14.8/km²). There were 5,735 housing units at an average density of 17.2 per square mile (6.6/km²).[12] The racial makeup of the county was 98.2% white, 0.3% black or African American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.3% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 0.9% of the population.[22] In terms of ancestry, 25.7% were American, 25.1% were German, 15.8% were Irish, and 11.4% were English.[23]

Of the 5,186 households, 29.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.3% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 29.7% were non-families, and 25.5% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.90. The median age was 42.8 years.[22]

The median income for a household in the county was $47,697 and the median income for a family was $49,423. Males had a median income of $40,952 versus $29,664 for females. The per capita income for the county was $20,005. About 9.0% of families and 12.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.0% of those under age 18 and 10.0% of those age 65 or over, Making Pike County one of the poorest counties in the state.[24]

See also

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Pike County, Indiana

References

1. "Pike County QuickFacts". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 7 June 2011.
3. 2010 Census/Documentation
4. "Government at Crossroads: An Indiana chronology". The Herald Bulletin. 5 January 2008. Retrieved 22 July 2009.
5. Brill, Marlene Targ (2005). Indiana. Marshall Cavendish. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-7614-2020-0.
6. Arthur F. Thomas (1933). "An Educational History of Pike County, Indiana" (PDF). Indiana State Teachers College. p. 2. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
7. History of Pike and Dubois Counties, Indiana. Goodspeed Brothers. p. 336. ISBN 978-5-87521-222-2.
8. "Pike County". Jim Forte Postal History. Retrieved 5 October 2015.
9. De Witt Clinton Goodrich & Charles Richard Tuttle (1875). An Illustrated History of the State of Indiana. Indiana: R. S. Peale & co. p. 582.
10. Pike County IN (Google Maps, accessed 20 September 2020)
11. Pike County High Point, Indiana (PeakBagger.com, accessed 20 September 2020). However, AnyplaceAmerica.com lists the county high point at 915 feet (279 m), using ". . data gathered by the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission." Location of this highest point is not specified.
12. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 – County". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 12 February 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
13. "Monthly Averages for Petersburg, Indiana". The Weather Channel. Retrieved 27 January 2011.
14. Indiana Code. "Title 36, Article 2, Section 3". IN.gov. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
15. Indiana Code. "Title 2, Article 10, Section 2" (PDF). IN.gov. Retrieved 16 September 2008.
16. Leip, David. "Atlas of US Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 19 May 2018.
17. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved July 26, 2019.
18. "US Decennial Census". US Census Bureau. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
19. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
20. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". US Census Bureau. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
21. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). US Census Bureau. Retrieved July 10, 2014.
22. "DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
23. "Selected Social Characteristics in the US – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
24. "Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006–2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 10 July 2015.