Onychodontida

Onychodontida (= Onychodontiformes or Struniiformes) is an order of prehistoric sarcopterygian fish that lived between Late Silurian to Late Devonian period. The onychodontiformes are probably a paraphyletic group of basal sarcopterygians.

Onychodontida Temporal range: Late Silurian - Late Devonian
Reconstruction of Onychodus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Sarcopterygii
Order:	†Onychodontiformes Andrews, 1973
Family:	†Onychodontidae Woodward 1891
Clades
?†Quebecius Whiteaves, 1889 ?†Luckeus Young & Schultze, 2005 †Bukkanodus Johanson et al., 2007 †Strunius Jessen, 1966 †Qingmenodus Lu & Zhu, 2009 †Grossius Schultze, 1973 †Onychodus Newberry, 1857

Phylogeny

Based on a phylogram by Long, 2001, and Lu & Zhu, 2009 and presented in Mikko's Phylogeny Archive

?†Quebecius quebecensis Whiteaves, 1889     ?†Luckeus abudda Young & Schultze, 2005     ?†Bukkanodus jesseni Johanson et al., 2007     †Strunius   †S. rolandi Jessen, 1966     †S. walteri (Gross, 1936)         †Qingmenodus yui Lu & Zhu, 2009       †Grossius aragonensis Schultze, 1973   †Onychodus   †O. anglicus Woodward, 1888     †O. arcticus Woodward, 1889     †O. hopkinsi Newberry, 1857     †O. jaekeli Gross, 1965     †O. jandemarrai Andrews, et al. 2006     †O. obliquidentatus Jessen, 1966     †O. ortoni Newberry, 1889     †O. sigmoides^T Newberry, 1857     †O. yassensis Lindley, 2002

A new phylogenetic analysis of sarcopterygians, incorporating new fossils of Qingmenodus and neurocranial characters previously neglected, supported Onychodontiformes as stem-coelacanths within Actinistia.[1]

Onychodus, primitive sarcopterygian from Middle Devonian

References

1. Lu, J., et al. 2016. A Devonian predatory fish provides insights into the early evolution of modern sarcopterygians. Science Advances, vol. 2, no. 6, e1600154, doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600154

External links

• Onychodontiformes at Palaeos
• Onychodontida phylogeny at Mikko's Phylogeny Archive