Mallorca (Parliament of the Balearic Islands constituency)

Mallorca (also Majorca) is one of the four constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Parliament of the Balearic Islands, the regional legislature of the Autonomous Community of the Balearic Islands. The constituency currently elects 33 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the island of Mallorca. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and a closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of five percent.

Mallorca
Parliament of the Balearic Islands Electoral Constituency
Location of Mallorca within the Balearic Islands
Island	Mallorca
Autonomous community	Balearic Islands
Population	896,038 (2019)[1]
Electorate	628,628 (2019)
Major settlements	Palma, Calvià
Current constituency
Created	1983
Seats	30 (1983–1987) 33 (1987–present)
Member(s)	PSIB (10)   PP (7)   Més (4)   Cs (3)   UP (3)   Vox (3)   El Pi (3)

Until the 2003 election, the results in this district were also used to determine the composition of the Island Council of Mallorca—with the same seats—during the same term as the Parliament. From the 2007 election onwards, a separate election is held. Additionally, on 3 April 1979 the first independent election for the Island Council of Mallorca was held, electing 24 councillors.[2]

Electoral system

The constituency was created as per the Statute of Autonomy of the Balearic Islands of 1983 and was first contested in the 1983 regional election. The Statute provided for the four main islands in the Balearic archipelago—Majorca, Menorca, Ibiza and Formentera—to be established as multi-member districts in the Parliament of the Balearic Islands, with this regulation being maintained under the 1986 regional electoral law. Each constituency is allocated a fixed number of seats: 33 for Majorca, 13 for Menorca, 12 for Ibiza and 1 for Formentera. The exception was the 1983 election, when these numbers were 30, 12, 11 and 1, respectively.[3][4][5]

Voting is on the basis of universal suffrage, which comprises all nationals over eighteen, registered in the Balearic Islands and in full enjoyment of their political rights. Amendments to the electoral law in 2011 required for Balearic citizens abroad to apply for voting before being permitted to vote, a system known as "begged" or expat vote (Spanish: Voto rogado).[6] Seats are elected using the D'Hondt method and a closed list proportional representation, with a threshold of five percent of valid votes—which includes blank ballots; until a 1995 reform, the threshold was set at three percent—being applied in each constituency. Parties not reaching the threshold are not taken into consideration for seat distribution.[3][4][5] The use of the D'Hondt method may result in a higher effective threshold, depending on the district magnitude.[7]

The electoral law allows for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, coalitions and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form a coalition ahead of an election are required to inform the relevant Electoral Commission within ten days of the election call—fifteen before 1985—whereas groupings of electors need to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they seek election—one-thousandth of the electorate, with a compulsory minimum of 500 signatures, until 1985—disallowing electors from signing for more than one list of candidates.[5][8][9]

Deputies

Deputies 1983–present
Parliament	Election	Distribution
1st	1983	2 11 6 11
2nd	1987	2 11 3 4 13
3rd	1991	3 11 1 18
4th	1995	2 5 8 2 16
5th	1999	2 4 8 3 16
6th	2003	2 3 9 3 16
7th	2007	4 10 3 16
8th	2011	4 10 19
9th	2015	5 6 7 3 2 10
10th	2019	3 4 10 3 3 7 3

Elections

2019 regional election

Summary of the 26 May 2019 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)	92,658	27.19	+9.05	10	+3
	People's Party (PP)	70,002	20.54	–7.21	7	–3
	More for Mallorca (Més)	39,415	11.57	–5.58	4	–2
	Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (Cs)	34,686	10.18	+2.80	3	+1
	United We Can (Podemos–EUIB)^1	32,080	9.41	–6.90	3	–2
	Vox–Citizen Alternative for Tolerance, Unity and Action (Vox–ACTUA Baleares)	31,395	9.21	New	3	+3
	El Pi–Proposal for the Isles (El Pi)	30,319	8.90	+0.12	3	±0
	Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)	4,529	1.33	+0.33	0	±0
	Independent Social Group (ASI)	785	0.23	–0.04	0	±0
	Act (PACT)	687	0.20	New	0	±0
	Four Islands Movement (M4illes)	576	0.17	New	0	±0
	Spanish Liberal Project (PLIE)	344	0.10	–0.05	0	±0
Blank ballots		3,290	0.97	–0.74
Total		340,766			33	±0
Valid votes		340,766	99.31	+0.63
Invalid votes		2,366	0.69	–0.63
Votes cast / turnout		343,132	54.58	–4.01
Abstentions		285,496	45.42	+4.01
Registered voters		628,628
Sources[10][11][12][13]

2015 regional election

Summary of the 24 May 2015 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	96,435	27.75	–18.70	10	–9
	Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)	63,045	18.14	–5.49	7	–3
	More for Mallorca (Més)^1	59,617	17.15	+6.43	6	+2
	We Can (Podemos/Podem)	50,773	14.61	New	5	+5
	El Pi–Proposal for the Isles (El Pi)^2	30,527	8.78	+1.61	3	+3
	Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)	25,651	7.38	+7.13	2	+2
	Let's Win the Balearic Islands (Guanyem)^3	5,920	1.70	–1.16	0	±0
	Animalist Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)	3,476	1.00	+0.62	0	±0
	Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)	3,163	0.91	–1.26	0	±0
	Independent Social Group (ASI)	953	0.27	–0.05	0	±0
	Family and Life Party (PFyV)	802	0.23	+0.10	0	±0
	Zero Cuts Mallorca (Recortes Cero)	612	0.17	New	0	±0
	Spanish Liberal Project (PLIE)	531	0.15	–0.01	0	±0
Blank ballots		5,934	1.71	–1.00
Total		347,439			33	±0
Valid votes		347,439	98.68	+0.23
Invalid votes		4,654	1.32	–0.23
Votes cast / turnout		352,093	58.59	–1.28
Abstentions		248,846	41.41	+1.28
Registered voters		600,939
Sources[14][15][13]

2011 regional election

Summary of the 22 May 2011 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	156,692	46.45	–0.21	19	+3
	Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)	79,732	23.63	–6.47	10	±0
	PSM–Initiative Greens–Agreement (PSM–IV–ExM)^1	36,181	10.72	n/a	4	+1
	Regionalist League of the Balearic Islands (IB–Lliga)	12,294	3.64	New	0	±0
	Convergence for the Isles (CxI)^2	11,913	3.53	–4.84	0	–3
	United Left of the Balearic Islands (EUIB)^1	9,642	2.86	n/a	0	–1
	Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD)	7,336	2.17	New	0	±0
	Republican Left (esquerra)^1	5,325	1.58	n/a	0	±0
	Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB)	2,306	0.68	+0.40	0	±0
	Anti-Bullfighting Party Against Mistreatment of Animals (PACMA)	1,275	0.38	New	0	±0
	Independent Social Group (ASI)	1,094	0.32	–0.25	0	±0
	Citizens–Party of the Citizenry (C's)	829	0.25	New	0	±0
	Citizens of Democratic Centre (CCD)	621	0.18	New	0	±0
	Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)	567	0.17	+0.01	0	±0
	Spanish Liberal Project (PLIE)	548	0.16	New	0	±0
	Dissidents (Dissidents)	478	0.14	New	0	±0
	Family and Life Party (PFyV)	449	0.13	New	0	±0
	Republican Social Movement (MSR)	298	0.09	New	0	±0
	Islander Party of the Balearic Islands (PIIB)	282	0.08	–0.03	0	±0
	Balearic Radical Party (PRB)	207	0.06	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		9,287	2.71	+0.72
Total		337,356			33	±0
Valid votes		337,356	98.45	–0.98
Invalid votes		5,305	1.55	+0.98
Votes cast / turnout		342,661	59.87	–1.19
Abstentions		229,725	40.13	+1.19
Registered voters		572,386
Sources[16][17][13]

2007 regional election

Summary of the 27 May 2007 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	157,135	46.66	+1.65	16	±0
	Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)	101,364	30.10	+3.78	10	+1
	Bloc for Mallorca (PSM–EN, EU–EV, ERC)^1	37,572	11.16	–3.78	4	–1
	Majorcan Union (UM)	28,178	8.37	–0.82	3	±0
	Independent Social Group (ASI)	1,921	0.57	–1.09	0	±0
	Citizens for Blank Votes (CenB)	937	0.28	New	0	±0
	Balearic Party (PB)	802	0.24	New	0	±0
	Balearic People's Union (UPB)	689	0.20	New	0	±0
	Key of Mallorca (Clau)	546	0.16	–0.72	0	±0
	Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)	543	0.16	+0.03	0	±0
	Islander Party of the Balearic Islands (PIIB)	366	0.11	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		6,696	1.99	+0.42
Total		336,749			33	±0
Valid votes		336,749	99.43	+0.03
Invalid votes		1,937	0.57	–0.03
Votes cast / turnout		338,686	61.06	–2.68
Abstentions		216,033	38.94	+2.68
Registered voters		554,719
Sources[16][18][13]

2003 regional election

Summary of the 25 May 2003 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	155,641	45.01	+0.55	16	±0
	Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)	90,998	26.32	+3.26	9	+1
	Majorcan Union (UM)	31,781	9.19	+0.12	3	±0
	Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalist Agreement (PSM–EN)	30,964	8.95	–4.48	3	–1
	United Left of Mallorca–The Greens of Mallorca (EU–EV)	19,050	5.51	–0.40	2	±0
	Independent Social Group (ASI)	5,751	1.66	+0.86	0	±0
	Key of Mallorca (Clau)	3,030	0.88	New	0	±0
	Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)	1,667	0.48	+0.10	0	±0
	Balearic Islands Renewal Party (PRIB)	1,031	0.30	New	0	±0
	Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)	438	0.13	–0.03	0	±0
Blank ballots		5,440	1.57	–0.16
Total		345,791			33	±0
Valid votes		345,791	99.40	+0.12
Invalid votes		2,088	0.60	–0.12
Votes cast / turnout		347,879	63.74	+6.35
Abstentions		197,930	36.26	–6.35
Registered voters		545,809
Sources[19][20][13]

1999 regional election

Summary of the 13 June 1999 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)	130,815	44.46	–0.11	16	±0
	Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)	67,840	23.06	+0.29	8	±0
	Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalist Agreement (PSM–EN)	39,509	13.43	–0.01	4	–1
	Majorcan Union (UM)	26,682	9.07	+2.56	3	+1
	United Left of Mallorca–The Greens of Mallorca (EU–EV)^1	17,403	5.91	–3.63	2	±0
	Independent Social Group (ASI)	2,368	0.80	+0.34	0	±0
	Balearic People's Coalition (CPB)	1,643	0.56	New	0	±0
	Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)	1,106	0.38	–0.13	0	±0
	Alternative Left of the Balearic Islands (EAIB)	675	0.23	New	0	±0
	Social Democrats for Progress (SDP)	641	0.22	New	0	±0
	Workers for Democracy Coalition (TD)^2	473	0.16	+0.06	0	±0
Blank ballots		5,083	1.73	+0.50
Total		294,238			33	±0
Valid votes		294,238	99.28	–0.14
Invalid votes		2,126	0.72	+0.14
Votes cast / turnout		296,364	57.39	–6.98
Abstentions		219,996	42.61	+6.98
Registered voters		516,360
Sources[19][21][13]

1995 regional election

Summary of the 28 May 1995 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party (PP)^1	136,767	44.57	–2.95	16	–2
	Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)	69,865	22.77	–6.62	8	–3
	Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalists of Mallorca (PSM–NM)	41,242	13.44	+5.23	5	+2
	Majorcan Union (UM)^2	19,966	6.51	+3.44	2	+1
	United Left of Mallorca (IU)	19,846	6.47	+3.91	2	+2
	The Greens of the Balearic Islands (EVIB)	9,422	3.07	+0.44	0	±0
	Balearic Convergence (CB)	1,600	0.52	–1.49	0	±0
	Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC)	1,576	0.51	New	0	±0
	Independent Social Group (ASI)	1,425	0.46	New	0	±0
	Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)	439	0.14	–0.08	0	±0
	Platform of Independents of Spain (PIE)	378	0.12	New	0	±0
	Neighborhood Movement–New Socialist Party (MV–NPS)^3	321	0.10	–0.11	0	±0
	Balearic Radical Party (PRB)	219	0.07	–0.13	0	±0
Blank ballots		3,789	1.23	+0.40
Total		306,855			33	±0
Valid votes		306,855	99.42	+0.05
Invalid votes		1,801	0.58	–0.05
Votes cast / turnout		308,656	64.37	+3.97
Abstentions		179,917	35.63	–3.97
Registered voters		479,508
Sources[19][22][13]

1991 regional election

Summary of the 25 May 1991 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Party–Majorcan Union (PP–UM)^1	130,275	47.52	–0.14	18	+1
	Socialist Party of the Balearic Islands (PSIB–PSOE)	80,569	29.39	–2.40	11	±0
	Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalists of Mallorca (PSM–NM)	22,522	8.21	+2.29	3	+1
	Independent Union of Mallorca–Independents of Mallorca (UIM–IM)	8,429	3.07	New	1	+1
	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	8,137	2.97	–7.52	0	–3
	The Greens (EV)	7,205	2.63	New	0	±0
	United Left (EU–IU)	7,006	2.56	+0.19	0	±0
	Balearic Convergence (CB)	5,513	2.01	New	0	±0
	Spanish Phalanx of the CNSO (FE–JONS)	600	0.22	New	0	±0
	Alliance for the Republic (AxR)	586	0.21	New	0	±0
	Balearic Radical Party (PRB)	549	0.20	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		2,272	0.83	–0.21
Total		274,163			33	±0
Valid votes		274,163	99.37	+0.64
Invalid votes		1,732	0.63	–0.64
Votes cast / turnout		275,895	60.40	–7.36
Abstentions		180,874	39.60	+7.36
Registered voters		456,769
Sources[19][23][13]

1987 regional election

Summary of the 10 June 1987 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	People's Alliance–Liberal Party (AP–PL)^1	96,470	34.85	+0.53	13	+2
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	87,986	31.79	–2.87	11	±0
	Majorcan Union (UM)	30,247	10.93	–7.39	4	–2
	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	29,028	10.49	+8.11	3	+3
	Socialist Party of Majorca–Nationalist Left (PSM–EN)	16,383	5.92	–0.71	2	±0
	United Left (EU–IU)^2	6,549	2.37	–0.18	0	±0
	People's Democratic Party (PDP)	5,212	1.88	New	0	±0
	Workers' Party of Spain–Communist Unity (PTE–UC)	1,072	0.39	New	0	±0
	Life and Autonomy (VIA)	961	0.35	New	0	±0
Blank ballots		2,883	1.04	+0.48
Total		276,791			33	+3
Valid votes		276,791	98.73	+0.31
Invalid votes		3,554	1.27	–0.31
Votes cast / turnout		280,345	67.76	+2.71
Abstentions		133,411	32.24	–2.71
Registered voters		413,756
Sources[24][13]

1983 regional election

Summary of the 8 May 1983 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results in Mallorca

Parties and coalitions		Popular vote			Seats
		Votes	%	±pp	Total	+/−
	Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)	88,771	34.66	n/a	11	n/a
	People's Coalition (AP–PDP–UL)	87,893	34.32	n/a	11	n/a
	Majorcan Union (UM)	46,915	18.32	n/a	6	n/a
	Socialist Party of Majorca–Socialist Party of the Islands (PSM–PSI)	16,979	6.63	n/a	2	n/a
	Communist Party of the Balearic Islands (PCIB)	6,525	2.55	n/a	0	n/a
	Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)	6,101	2.38	n/a	0	n/a
	Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE)	1,509	0.59	n/a	0	n/a
Blank ballots		1,437	0.56	n/a
Total		256,130			30	n/a
Valid votes		256,130	98.42	n/a
Invalid votes		4,101	1.58	n/a
Votes cast / turnout		260,231	65.05	n/a
Abstentions		139,824	34.95	n/a
Registered voters		400,055
Sources[25][13]

References

1. "Cifras oficiales de población resultantes de la revisión del Padrón municipal a 1 de enero. Población por islas y por sexo". ine.es (in Spanish). National Institute of Statistics. Retrieved 8 February 2020.
2. "Real Decreto 119/1979, de 26 de enero, por el que se regulan las elecciones de los Consejos Insulares del Archipiélago Balear". Royal Decree of 26 January 1979. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 9 February 2020.
3. "Ley Orgánica 2/1983, de 25 de febrero, de Estatuto de Autonomía para las islas Baleares". Organic Law No. 2 of 25 February 1983. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 September 2017.
4. "Ley Orgánica 1/2007, de 28 de febrero, de reforma del Estatuto de Autonomía de las Illes Balears". Organic Law No. 1 of 28 February 2007. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 September 2017.
5. "Ley 8/1986, de 26 de noviembre, Electoral de la Comunidad Autónoma de las Islas Baleares". Law No. 8 of 26 November 1986. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 2 February 2020.
6. Reig Pellicer, Naiara (16 December 2015). "Spanish elections: Begging for the right to vote". cafebabel.co.uk. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
7. Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Trinity College, Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
8. "Real Decreto-ley 20/1977, de 18 de marzo, sobre Normas Electorales". Royal Decree-Law No. 20 of 18 March 1977. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 14 December 2019.
9. "Ley Orgánica 5/1985, de 19 de junio, del Régimen Electoral General". Organic Law No. 5 of 19 June 1985. Boletín Oficial del Estado (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 January 2020.
10. "Proclamation of elected deputies as a result of the 26 May 2019 Parliament of the Balearic Islands election". boib.caib.es (in Catalan). Retrieved 23 June 2019.
11. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 26 May 2019" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. 4 June 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
12. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 26 May 2019. Error correction" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. 8 June 2019. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
13. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands and Island Council elections since 1979". historiaelectoral.com (in Catalan). Electoral History. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
14. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands election, 2015. Mallorca" (PDF). www.parlamentib.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
15. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 24 May 2015" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. 4 June 2015. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
16. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands elections, 1983-2011" (PDF). www.parlamentib.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
17. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 22 May 2011" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. 1 June 2011. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
18. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 27 May 2007" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. 7 June 2007. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
19. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands elections, 1983-2003" (PDF). web.parlamentib.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
20. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 25 May 2003" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. 12 June 2003. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
21. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 13 June 1999" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. 29 June 1999. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
22. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 28 May 1995" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. 10 June 1995. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
23. "Parliament of the Balearic Islands election results, 26 May 1991" (PDF). www.juntaelectoralcentral.es (in Spanish). Electoral Commission of the Balearic Islands. 2 July 1991. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
24. "Regional elections, 1987. Balearic Islands". www.caib.es (in Spanish). Government of the Balearic Islands. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
25. "Regional elections, 1983. Balearic Islands". www.caib.es (in Spanish). Government of the Balearic Islands. Archived from the original on 28 September 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2017.