Main Building (Vassar College)

The Main Building of Vassar College is the oldest surviving building on its campus in Poughkeepsie, New York, and the center of academic life. It was built by James Renwick, Jr. in the Second Empire style in 1861, the second building in the history of what was one of America's first women's colleges. It is one of the earliest, largest, and most important examples of Second Empire architecture in the United States and is a National Historic Landmark for its architecture and educational significance. At the time of its completion, the structure contained the most interior space of any building in the United States, and housed the entire college, including dormitories, libraries, classrooms, and dining halls. Currently, the first and second floors house campus administration while the remaining three (including the second floor wings) house student rooms.

Main Building, Vassar College
Building in 2007, seen from near the entrance to campus
LocationPoughkeepsie, New York
Coordinates41°41′12.03″N 73°53′44.99″W
Area4 acres (1.6 ha) (landmarked area)
Built1861 (1861)
ArchitectJames Renwick, Jr.
Architectural styleSecond Empire
NRHP reference No.73001183
Significant dates
Added to NRHPSeptember 19, 1973[1]
Designated NHLJune 24, 1986[2]

Architecture

Vassar's Main Building is a large brick building, four stories in height, with a fifth floor under its mansard roof. It is U-shaped, with a central portion 500 feet (150 m) long, and transverse wings 164 feet (50 m) in length projecting forward at the ends of the central section. At the center of the central portion is a projecting pavilion topped by a slate-roofed dome with iron cresting. Most windows are sash, set in openings with either segmented-arch or round-arch tops; the roof is pierced by dormers whose rounded tops have keystones. Window trim and horizontal banding on the building are of bluestone.[3]

The building has in significant part been restored to its original appearance. One notable exception is a large turning staircase in the central section, which was removed in 1893 as part of a library expansion that became known as "Uncle Fred's Nose", after Fred Thompson, whose name adorned the annex that was added at that time. That annex was removed in 1959 during the restoration process, but the stairs were not rebuilt.[3]

History

It was taken over by protesters in 1969[4] and again in 1990.[5]

It was named a National Historic Landmark in 1986.[2][3] The Vassar Observatory, the first building built on the Vassar campus, is also a National Historic Landmark.

See also

References
  1. "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. January 23, 2007.
  2. "Main Building, Vassar College". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. 2007-09-17.
  3. Carolyn Pitts (1978). "National Register of Historic Places Inventory-Nomination: Main Building, Vassar College" (pdf). National Park Service. Cite journal requires |journal= (help) and Accompanying photos, exterior and interior, from 1978, c. 1950, and other dates. And lithograph from 1864. (2.93 MB)
  4. Takeover of Main Building, 1971, at Vassar Encyclopedia
  5. Vassar Students End Sit-In; Moynihan Defends Lecture, 1990, New York Times
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