List of wars involving Eritrea

This is a list of wars involving the State of Eritrea.

Colonial period

• Mahdist War (1881–1899), spilled into Eritrea in 1893–94
• Italo-Ethiopian War (1887–1889)
• Italo-Ethiopian War (1895–96)
• Italo-Turkish War (1911–12)
• Italo-Ethiopian War (1935–36)
• World War II

• East African campaign (1940–41)

Since 1950 (handover to Ethiopia)

Conflict	Combatant 1	Combatant 2	Result	President of Eritrea	Eritrean losses
Eritrean War of Independence (1961–1991)	ELF EPLF	Ethiopia  Cuba  South Yemen	Victory Eritrean independence following referendum	None[1]	150,000[2]
First Eritrean Civil War (1972–1974)	ELF	EPLF	Truce ELF and EPLF form an alliance[3]		3,000[4]
Second Eritrean Civil War (1980–1981)	ELF	EPLF TPLF	EPLF victory ELF decisively defeated		?
Hanish Islands Crisis (1995)	Eritrea	Yemen	Victory Eritrean occupation of Greater Hanish	Isaias Afwerki	12[5]
Second Sudanese Civil War (1996–1998)[6]	SPLA  Ethiopia  Eritrea  Uganda	Sudan Janjaweed	Stalemate Eritrean withdrawal in 1998		?
First Congo War (1996–1997)[7]	AFDL Uganda Rwanda Burundi Angola  Eritrea	Zaire ALiR Interahamwe UNITA	Victory Overthrow of Mobutu Sese Seko Start of the Second Congo War		?
Eritrean–Ethiopian War (1998–2000)	Eritrea	Ethiopia	Defeat Algiers Agreement		20,000[8] to 150,000[9]
Djiboutian–Eritrean conflict (2008)	Eritrea	Djibouti	Indecisive Fighting subsided after three days		100[10]
Tigray War (2020–)	Ethiopia  Eritrea  UAE	Tigray Region	Ongoing Spillover into Eritrea		?

See also

• Second Afar insurgency
• 2013 Eritrean Army mutiny

References

1. Isaias Afwerki led the EPLF from 1978, later to assume the position of presidency in 1993.
2. Cousin, Tracey L. "Eritrean and Ethiopian Civil War". ICE Case Studies. Archived from the original on 2007-09-11. Retrieved 2007-09-03.
3. Waal, Alexander De (1991). Evil Days: Thirty Years of War and Famine in Ethiopia. Human Rights Watch. p. 49. ISBN 9781564320384. wolki.
4. Waal, Alexander De (1991). Evil Days: Thirty Years of War and Famine in Ethiopia. Human Rights Watch. p. 42. ISBN 9781564320384.
5. Pike, John (29 August 2012), Hanish Island Conflict, globalsecurity.org
6. "Military Support for Sudanese Opposition Forces." Sudan. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
7. Plaut, Martin (2016). Understanding Eritrea: Inside Africa's Most Repressive State. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780190669591.
   • Prunier, Gérard (July 2004). "Rebel Movements and Proxy Warfare: Uganda, Sudan and the Congo (1986-99)". African Affairs. 103 (412): 359–383. doi:10.1093/afraf/adh050. JSTOR 3518562.
8. Banks, Arthur; Muller, Thomas; and Overstreet, William, ed. Political Handbook of the World 2005–6 (A Division of Congressional Quarterly, Inc.: Washington, D.C., 2005), p.366. 156802952-7
9. Jimma times staff (11 June 2007). "Former U.S. Ambassador: Eritrea and Ethiopia Unlikely To Resume War". Jumma Times. Archived from the original on 1 March 2012.
10. "Djibouti president accuses Eritrea over border fight". Reuters. June 14, 2008. Retrieved 29 October 2016.

External links

• Country profile: Eritrea BBC 4 November 2005
• Ethiopia Eritrea Independence War 1961–1993
• Eritrean War for Independence
• Comparative Study Between Yemeni-Eritrean Ways of Documentation in Arbitration Over Red Sea South Islands 52 - Yemen Times December 27 through January 2, 2000, Vol IX
• Connell, Dan Eritrea-Ethiopia War Looms, Foreign Policy in Focus 21 January 2004
• Gilkes, Patrick and Plaut, Martin. The War Between Ethiopia and Eritrea, Foreign Policy in Focus Volume 5, Number 25 August 2000