List of retired Pacific typhoon names

This is a list of all Pacific typhoons that have had their names retired by the Japan Meteorological Agency. A total of 49 typhoon names have been retired since the start of official tropical cyclone naming in the western North Pacific Ocean in 2000. Tropical cyclone names are retired by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) in a meeting in January or February. Those typhoons that have their names retired tend to be exceptionally destructive storms. Several names were removed or altered naming list for various reasons other than retirement. Collectively, retired typhoons have caused over $108 billion in damage (2021 USD), as well as over 12,000 deaths.

Typhoon Haiyan at peak intensity

Background

Tacloban devastated by Typhoon Haiyan

The practice of using names to identify tropical cyclones goes back several centuries, with systems named after places, saints or things they hit before the formal start of naming in the Western Pacific.[1] These included the Kamikaze, 1906 Hong Kong typhoon, 1922 Swatow typhoon and the 1934 Muroto typhoon.[2]

The practice of retiring significant names was started during 1955 by the United States Weather Bureau in the Northern Atlantic basin, after hurricanes Carol, Edna, and Hazel struck the East Coast of the United States and caused a significant amount of damage in the previous year.[3] Initially the names were only designed to be retired for ten years after which they might be reintroduced; however, it was decided at the 1969 Interdepartmental hurricane conference, that any significant hurricane in the future would have its name permanently retired.[3][4] The first tropical cyclone name to be removed in the South Pacific was Rosie after it had impacted Vanuatu and New Caledonia during 1971. Several names have been removed from the Pacific naming lists for various other reasons than causing a significant amount of death/destruction, which include being pronounced in a very similar way to other names and political reasons.[5][6]

In 2000, the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) began naming tropical cyclones from a list of 140 names, submitted by 14 countries. Previously, the JMA labeled storms with numbers, but not names. The JMA has been the official warning agency of the western Pacific Ocean since 1981, though other organizations have also tracked typhoons. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) unofficially named tropical cyclones from 1947 to 1999.[7] During this time period, there were several pre-determined tropical cyclone lists, in which many names were removed and replaced with others.[8] The Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration (PAGASA) names tropical cyclones using a separate list, which is adjusted periodically.[9]

Several names were removed from the list. In 2002, the name Hanuman was replaced prior to being used, due to objection by the India Meteorological Department for reason of religion.[10] Additionally, the name Kodo was replaced in 2002 without being used.[11] The following year, Koni was replaced by Goni, after an apparent misspelling was made. In 2004, the names Yanyan and Tingting were removed at the request of the Hong Kong Observatory.[11][12] A total of nine names on the list had their spellings changed.[11] In February 2014, the name Sonamu was removed at the request from Malaysia due to causing unprecedented panic by the similar pronunciation to tsunami.[13] In February 2015 the name Jongdari was chosen as replacement for Sonamu. In the 46th session of the Typhoon Committee, it was noted the name Vicente appears on both the tropical cyclone name lists for the Western North Pacific and Eastern North Pacific. In response to this duplication the name Lan was chosen as replacement for Vicente on the Western North Pacific name list to avoid potential confusion.

Names retired in the 20th century

Typhoon Mireille near peak intensity on September 22, 1991

Between 1947 and 2000, eleven names of significant tropical cyclones were retired from the list of names used by the United States Joint Typhoon Warning Center.[14] During this time other names were removed from the naming lists, including in 1979 when the lists of names used were revised to include both male and female names.[14][15] Tropical Storm Lucille was the first name to be retired for its impacts, while Ophelia was retired because of its long 8,045 km (5,000 mi) track.[14]

Name	Dates active	Peak classification	Sustained wind speeds	Pressure	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Lucille	May 25 – June 4, 1960	Tropical storm	85 km/h (50 mph)	985 hPa (29.09 inHg)	Philippines	$2 million	300–500	[16][17][18][19][20]
Ophelia	November 21 – December 6, 1960	Category 4 super typhoon	250 km/h (155 mph)	925 hPa (27.32 inHg)	Caroline Islands	Unknown	2	[14][21]
Karen	November 7 – 17, 1962	Category 5 super typhoon	295 km/h (185 mph)	894 hPa (26.40 inHg)	Guam	$250 million	11	[22]
Bess	October 8 – 14, 1974	Category 1 typhoon	120 km/h (75 mph)	977 hPa (28.85 inHg)	Philippines, China, Vietnam	$9.2 million	32	[14][23][24]
Bess	July 21 – August 3, 1982	Category 5 super typhoon	260 km/h (160 mph)	900 hPa (26.58 inHg)	Japan	$2.32 billion	95	[25]
Ike	August 26 – September 6, 1984	Category 4 typhoon	230 km/h (145 mph)	950 hPa (28.05 inHg)	Guam, Philippines, China	$1 billion	1,142
Roy	January 7 – 19, 1988	Category 4 typhoon	215 km/h (135 mph)	940 hPa (27.76 inHg)	Micronesia, Philippines	$28.5 million	2
Mike	November 5 – 18, 1990	Category 5 super typhoon	280 km/h (175 mph)	915 hPa (27.02 inHg)	Micronesia, Philippines, China	$389 million	748
Mireille	September 13 – 27, 1991	Category 4 super typhoon	240 km/h (150 mph)	925 hPa (27.32 inHg)	Mariana Islands, Japan, South Korea	$10 billion	66
Thelma	November 1 – 8, 1991	Tropical storm	85 km/h (50 mph)	992 hPa (29.29 inHg)	Philippines, Vietnam	$27.7 million	5,081–8,145	[26][27][28][29]
Omar	August 20 – September 6, 1992	Category 4 super typhoon	240 km/h (150 mph)	920 hPa (27.17 inHg)	Mariana Islands, Guam, Taiwan, China	$561 million	15
11 Names	Reference for retired names.[nb 1]					$14.6 billion	7494

Names retired in the 2000s

Typhoon Morakot approaching Taiwan on August 7, 2009

Name	Replacement name	Dates active	Peak classification	Sustained wind speeds	Pressure	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Vamei	Peipah	December 26, 2001 – January 1, 2002	Tropical storm	85 km/h (50 mph)	1006 hPa (29.71 inHg)	Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia	$3.6 million	5	[nb 2][30]
Chataan	Matmo	June 27 – July 13, 2002	Typhoon	175 km/h (110 mph)	930 hPa (27.46 inHg)	Chuuk, Guam, Japan	$660 million	54	[31][32][33]
Rusa	Nuri	August 22 – September 4, 2002	Typhoon	150 km/h (90 mph)	950 hPa (28.05 inHg)	Japan, Korean Peninsula	$4.2 billion	238	[34]
Pongsona	Noul	December 2 – 12, 2002	Typhoon	165 km/h (105 mph)	940 hPa (27.76 inHg)	Mariana Islands	$730 million	1	[35][36]
Yanyan	Dolphin	January 11 – 21, 2003	Tropical storm	65 km/h (40 mph)	1000 hPa (29.53 inHg)	Mariana Islands	None	None
Imbudo	Molave	July 15 – 25, 2003	Typhoon	165 km/h (105 mph)	935 hPa (27.61 inHg)	Philippines, China	$340 million	64	[37][38][39]
Maemi	Mujigae	September 4 – 16, 2003	Typhoon	195 km/h (120 mph)	910 hPa (26.87 inHg)	Korean Peninsula	$4.8 billion	117	[34]
Sudal	Mirinae	April 2 – 18, 2004	Typhoon	165 km/h (105 mph)	940 hPa (27.76 inHg)	Yap, Guam	$14 million	None	[40]
Tingting	Lionrock	June 24 – July 4, 2004	Typhoon	150 km/h (90 mph)	955 hPa (28.20 inHg)	Mariana Islands, Japan	$23.7 million	12
Rananim	Fanapi	August 6 – 15, 2004	Typhoon	150 km/h (90 mph)	950 hPa (28.05 inHg)	China, Japan	$2.44 billion	169	[41][42]
Matsa	Pakhar	July 30 – August 9, 2005	Typhoon	150 km/h (90 mph)	950 hPa (28.05 inHg)	China, Taiwan	$2.23 billion	29	[43][44]
Nabi	Doksuri	August 29 – September 9, 2005	Typhoon	175 km/h (110 mph)	925 hPa (27.32 inHg)	Mariana Islands, Japan, South Korea	$535 million	32
Longwang	Haikui	September 25 – October 3, 2005	Typhoon	175 km/h (110 mph)	930 hPa (27.46 inHg)	Taiwan, China	$971 million	149	[45][46][47] [48][49][50]
Chanchu	Sanba	May 8 – 19, 2006	Typhoon	175 km/h (110 mph)	930 hPa (27.46 inHg)	Philippines, Taiwan, China, Vietnam	$478 million	268	[51][52]
Bilis	Maliksi	July 8 – 16, 2006	Severe tropical storm	110 km/h (70 mph)	970 hPa (28.64 inHg)	Philippines, Taiwan, China	$4.4 billion	859	[53][54][55]
Saomai	Son-Tinh	August 4 – 11, 2006	Typhoon	195 km/h (120 mph)	925 hPa (27.32 inHg)	Mariana Islands, Taiwan, China	$2.5 billion	458	[55][56]
Xangsane	Leepi	September 25 – October 2, 2006	Typhoon	155 km/h (100 mph)	925 hPa (27.76 inHg)	Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand	$750 million	312	[57][58][59][60]
Durian	Mangkhut	November 25 – December 7, 2006	Typhoon	195 km/h (120 mph)	915 hPa (27.02 inHg)	Philippines, Vietnam, Thailand	>$400 million	>1,500	[61][62][63][64]
Morakot	Atsani	August 2 – 12, 2009	Typhoon	140 km/h (85 mph)	945 hPa (27.90 inHg)	Taiwan, China, Korean Peninsula	$6.2 billion	789
Ketsana	Champi	September 23 – 30, 2009	Typhoon	130 km/h (80 mph)	960 hPa (28.35 inHg)	Philippines, Vietnam, Laos Cambodia, Thailand	$1.09 billion	710	[65]
Parma	In-fa	September 27 – October 14, 2009	Typhoon	185 km/h (115 mph)	930 hPa (27.46 inHg)	Philippines, China, Vietnam	$617 million	500
21 Names	References:[nb 1][nb 3][nb 4][nb 5][nb 6]						>$33.5 billion	>6,266

Names retired in the 2010s

Typhoon Hagibis near peak intensity on October 7, 2019

During the past decade, 28 names have had their names retired by the Typhoon Committee. Collectively, these systems killed at least 14080 people and caused at least $93 billion worth of damage. Typhoon Haiyan is the strongest and deadliest storm of the decade to have its name retired, while Typhoon Hagibis is the costliest storm of the decade to have its name retired.

Name	Replacement name	Dates active	Peak classification	Sustained wind speeds	Pressure	Areas affected	Damage (USD)	Deaths	Refs
Fanapi	Rai	September 14 – 21, 2010	Typhoon	175 km/h (110 mph)	930 hPa (27.46 inHg)	Taiwan, China	$1 billion	105	[69][70]
Washi	Hato	December 13 – 19, 2011	Severe tropical storm	95 km/h (60 mph)	992 hPa (29.29 inHg)	Micronesia, Palau, Philippines	$97.8 million	2,546	[71][72]
Vicente	Lan	July 18 – 25, 2012	Typhoon	150 km/h (90 mph)	950 hPa (28.05 inHg)	Philippines, China Vietnam, Laos, Burma	$324 million	13	[73]
Bopha	Ampil	November 25 – December 9, 2012	Typhoon	185 km/h (115 mph)	930 hPa (27.46 inHg)	Micronesia, Philippines	$1.04 billion	1,901	[74]
Sonamu	Jongdari	January 1 – 10, 2013	Severe tropical storm	95 km/h (60 mph)	990 hPa (29.23 inHg)	Philippines, Vietnam, Malaysia	Minimal	2	[75][76]
Utor	Barijat	August 8 – 18, 2013	Typhoon	195 km/h (120 mph)	925 hPa (27.32 inHg)	Philippines, China	$3.56 billion	97	[77][78][79]
Fitow	Mun	September 29 – October 7, 2013	Typhoon	140 km/h (85 mph)	960 hPa (28.35 inHg)	China, Taiwan, Japan	$10.4 billion	12	[77]
Haiyan	Bailu	November 3 – 11, 2013	Typhoon	230 km/h (145 mph)	895 hPa (26.43 inHg)	Palau, Philippines, Vietnam, China	$4.55 billion	8,052	[77][80]
Rammasun	Bualoi	July 9 – 20, 2014	Typhoon	165 km/h (105 mph)	935 hPa (27.61 inHg)	Philippines, China, Vietnam	$8.08 billion	222	[81][82][83]
Soudelor	Saudel	July 29 – August 11, 2015	Typhoon	215 km/h (130 mph)	900 hPa (26.58 inHg)	Mariana Islands, Japan, Taiwan, China	$3.84 billion	40	[84]
Mujigae	Surigae	September 30 – October 5, 2015	Typhoon	155 km/h (100 mph)	950 hPa (28.05 inHg)	Philippines, China	$4.25 billion	29	[84]
Koppu	Koguma	October 12 – 21, 2015	Typhoon	185 km/h (115 mph)	925 hPa (27.32 inHg)	Philippines	$309 million	62	[84]
Melor	Cempaka	December 9 – 17, 2015	Typhoon	175 km/h (110 mph)	935 hPa (27.61 inHg)	Philippines	$149 million	51	[84]
Meranti	Nyatoh	September 9 – 16, 2016	Typhoon	220 km/h (140 mph)	890 hPa (26.28 inHg)	Philippines, Taiwan, China	$4.8 billion	47
Sarika	Trases	October 13 – 19, 2016	Typhoon	175 km/h (110 mph)	935 hPa (27.61 inHg)	Philippines, China, Vietnam	$876 million	37
Haima	Mulan	October 14 – 22, 2016	Typhoon	215 km/h (130 mph)	900 hPa (26.58 inHg)	Philippines, Taiwan, China	$976 million	19
Nock-ten	Hinnamnor	December 20 – 28, 2016	Typhoon	195 km/h (120 mph)	915 hPa (27.02 inHg)	Philippines	$128 million	13
Hato	Yamaneko	August 19 – 24, 2017	Typhoon	140 km/h (85 mph)	965 hPa (28.50 inHg)	Philippines, Taiwan, China, Vietnam	$6.82 billion	24	[85]
Kai-tak	Yun-yeung	December 13 – 23, 2017	Tropical storm	75 km/h (45 mph)	994 hPa (29.35 inHg)	Philippines, Malaysia	$75 million	83	[86]
Tembin	Koinu	December 20 – 26, 2017	Typhoon	130 km/h (80 mph)	970 hPa (28.64 inHg)	Philippines, Malaysia, Vietnam	$42.4 million	266	[87]
Rumbia	Pulasan	August 15 – 18, 2018	Tropical storm	85 km/h (50 mph)	985 hPa (29.09 inHg)	Japan, China	$5.36 billion	53	[88]
Mangkhut	Krathon	September 7 – 17, 2018	Typhoon	205 km/h (125 mph)	905 hPa (26.72 inHg)	Guam, Philippines, Taiwan, China	$3.74 billion	134	[89]
Yutu	TBA	October 21 – November 2, 2018	Typhoon	215 km/h (130 mph)	900 hPa (26.58 inHg)	Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Philippines, South China, Taiwan	$854 million	30	[90][91][92]
Lekima	TBA	August 2 – 13, 2019	Typhoon	195 km/h (120 mph)	925 hPa (27.32 inHg)	Caroline Islands, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, South Korea, China	$9.28 billion	90	[93]
Faxai	TBA	September 2 – 9, 2019	Typhoon	155 km/h (100 mph)	955 hPa (28.20 inHg)	Japan	$8.12 billion	3	[94]
Hagibis	TBA	October 4 – 13, 2019	Typhoon	195 km/h (120 mph)	915 hPa (27.02 inHg)	Mariana Islands, Japan, South Korea, Russian Far East, Aleutian Islands, Alaska	>$15 billion	98	[95]
Kammuri	TBA	November 24 – December 6, 2019	Typhoon	165 km/h (105 mph)	950 hPa (28.05 inHg)	Caroline Islands, Mariana Islands, Philippines	$116 million	12	[96]
Phanfone	TBA	December 19 – 29, 2019	Typhoon	150 km/h (90 mph)	970 hPa (28.64 inHg)	Caroline Islands, Philippines	$67.2 million	50	[97]
28 Names	References:[nb 3][nb 4][nb 5][nb 6]						$93 billion	14,080

See also

• List of retired Atlantic hurricane names
• List of retired Pacific hurricane names
• List of retired Philippine typhoon names
• List of retired Australian cyclone names
• List of retired South Pacific tropical cyclone names

Notes

1. Reference for the retired names between 1947 and 2010.[14]
2. The name Vamei was retired because it was the first tropical cyclone recorded near the equator.[14]
3. Reference for dates, season, wind speeds and pressure between 2000 and 2020 [66]
4. Reference for the retired names between 2000 and 2016.[67]
5. Reference for the retired names between 2000 and 2018.[68]
6. Reference for the retired names between 1947 and 2013.[6]

References

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External links

• China Meteorological Agency
• Digital Typhoon
• Hong Kong Observatory
• Japan Meteorological Agency
• Joint Typhoon Warning Center
• Korea Meteorological Administration
• Malaysian Meteorological Department
• National Weather Service Guam
• Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
• Taiwan Central Weather Bureau
• TCWC Jakarta (in Indonesian)
• Thai Meteorological Department (in Thai)
• Typhoon2000
• Vietnam's National Hydro-Meteorological Service