List of political parties in Lebanon

Lebanon has numerous political parties, usually with sectarian character. Since 2005, and after the assassination of former Prime Minister Rafic Hariri, the political scene has become very polarized, with most major political parties and movements becoming part of one of two big rival alliances, the March 8 Alliance and the March 14 Alliance. Since the election of Michel Aoun as President in 2016 and the formation of a new Government headed by Prime Minister Saad Hariri, the 14th of March movement has lost momentum and the political scene has evolved into a coalition of Governing Parties under the control of Hezbollah and the Free Patriotic Movement, the Lebanese Forces, the Amal Movement and the Future Movement. Opposition, namely sides that were against the election of Michel Aoun as president in the 2016 elections, consisted of traditional parties such as the Kataeb party, the National Liberal Party, and Achraf Rifi’s movement. Since then, the political scene has been witnessing the emergence of new non-sectarian political groups such as Lihaqqi and Citizens in a State, in addition to many civil society groups who were loosely allied during the last parliamentary elections. They share a common goal to replace what they consider a failed political model that was introduced following the end of the civil war leading to the 2020 economic crisis.

Lebanon’s unique experiment of a Sectarian Democracy trying to blend democratic principles and religious allocation of roles and functions together with 18 religious laws being applied to citizens’ personal status, in contradiction with the fundamental principles of democracy, the sovereignty of the people and equality of rights between the citizens has led to the sectarian division of the Lebanese people by law, to politically weak institutions, a divided nation and the chain of historical events such as the 1958 crisis and the 1975 civil war, Palestinian militant attacks against Israel from Lebanese territory, occupation of Lebanon by Syrian forces in 1976 and by Israeli forces in 1982 and the actual presence of weapons in the hands of Hezbollah outside the control of the Lebanese Government. Article 24 of the Constitution assigns half the seats in the national's legislature, the Chamber of Deputies, to Christians and the other half to Muslims.[1]

However after the 2018 parliamentary elections, the political power in Lebanon shifted dramatically, with the Free Patriotic Movement leading in the number of seats in the Parliament and the Future Movement losing almost half of its seats. The Lebanese Forces almost doubled their seats in the Parliament.

Parties

Although most parties maintain that they are secular, the major political parties in Lebanon are loosely representative of a certain faith community. In 2005, the political scene became strongly polarized with most active political parties belonging to either the 8th and 14 March alliances. Since then, this division has become less and less significant as coalition governments became the norm. The following list places political parties within the two alliances.

Name (English)	Name (Arabic)	Acronym	Leader or Chairman	Number of MPs in October 2019	Political position	Sect or ethnic group
March 8 Alliance
Free Patriotic Movement	At-Tayyar al-Watani al- Horr التيار الوطني الحرّ	FPM	Gebran Bassil	24	Centrist Liberal democracy	Officially secular Traditionally Christian
Amal Movement	Harakat Amal Full name: Afwaj al-Muqāwama al-Lubnāniyya حركة أمل [أفواج المقاومة اللبنانية]	Amal أمل	Nabih Berri	16	Conservatism	Shiite Muslim
Hezbollah	Hizbullah حزب الله	HA	al Sayed Hassan Nasrallah	13	Shia Islamist	Shiite Muslim
Marada Movement	Tayyar Al-Marada تيار المردة	MM	Suleiman Frangieh, Jr.	3	Liberalism	Mainly Maronite Christian
Syrian Social Nationalist Party	Al-Hizb al-Suri al-Qawmi al-Ijtima'i الحزب السوري القومي الإجتماعي	SSNP	Ali Qanso	3	Syrian nationalism Left-wing nationalism	Secular
Armenian Revolutionary Federation	Tashnag حزب الطاشناق الإتحاد الثوري الأرمني (طاشناكتسوتيون)	ARF Հայ Յեղափոխական Դաշնակցութիւն (ՀՅԴ)	Hagop Pakradounian	3	Social democracy Armenian nationalism	Secular, mainly Armenian
Dignity Movement	Tayar al-Karama تيار الكرامة	DM	Faisal Karami	2	Feudalism	Sunni Muslim
Lebanese Democratic Party	Al-Hizb al-Dimoqrati al-Lubnāni الحزب الديمقراطي اللبناني	LDP	Prince Talal Arslan	1	Conservatism	Officially Secular, mainly Druze
Union Party حزب الإتحاد	Hizb al-Ittihad حزب الإتحاد	UP	Abdelrahim Mrad	1	Nasserism	Officially Secular, Mainly Sunni Muslim
Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party	Hizb Al-Ba'ath Al-Arabi Al-Ishtiraki fi Lubnan حزب البعث العربي الاشتراكي في لبنان		Assem Qanso	1	Socialism Arab Nationalism	Secular
Popular Nasserite Organization	Al-Tanzim al-Shaabi al-Nassiri التنظيم الشعبي الناصري	NPO	Ossama Saad	1	Nasserism Socialism Arab nationalism	Sunni Muslim
Islamic Charitable Projects Association	Jam'iyat al-Mashari' al-Khayriya al-Islamiya Al-Ahbash الأحباش	ICPA	Abdallah al-Harari	1		Sunni Muslim
Arab Democratic Party	Al-Hizb al-Arabi al-Dimoqraty الحزب العربي الدمقراطي	ADP	Ali Eid	None	Arab Nationalism Arab Socialism	Alawite Muslim
Movement of Independent Nasserites - al-Murabitoun	Harakat an-Nassiriyin al-Mustakilleen - Al Mourabitoon حركة الناصريين المستقلين - المرابطون	INM	Ibrahim Kulaylat	None	Nasserism Arab Nationalism	Mainly Sunni Muslim Some Shiite and Druze support
Worker's League	Rabitat Al-Shaghila رابطة الشغيلة	WL	Zaher Khatib	None	Communist Arab Nationalism	Secular
Solidarity Party	Hizb at-Tadamon حزب التضامن	Tadamon	Emile Rahme	None	-	Christian
Popular Bloc or Skaff Bloc	At-Takattol al-Shaa'bi التكتّل الشعبي	-	Elias Skaff	None	Feudalism	Greek Catholic Christian
People's Movement	Harakat Al-Shaab حركة الشعب	SHAAB	Najah Wakim (Founder) Ibrahim al-Halabi	None	Nasserism Socialism Arab Nationalism	Secular
Lebanese Republican Party	Al-Hizb al-Jumhury al-lubnāni الحزب الجمهوري اللبناني	PRL حجل	Imad Jaara (Geara)	None	Liberal	Secular anti-confessionalist
Christian Democratic Party	Al-Hizb al-Massihi al-Dimoqrati الحزب المسيحي الدمقراطي	CDP	Neemtallah Abi Nasr	None	-	Christian
Nasserite Unification movement	Al-Haraka al-Tawhidiyya an-Nassiriyya الحركة التوحيدية الناصرية	NUM	-	None	Nasserism	Secular
Islamic Labor Front	Jebhat al-Aamal al-Islamy جبهة العمل الإسلامي	-	Fathi Yakan	None	Islamism	Sunni Muslim
Lebanese Unification Movement	Tayyar at-Tawhid al-Lubnany تيار النوحيد اللبناني	UC	Wiam Wahhab	None	Arab Nationalism	Officially Secular Druze support
Lebanese Popular Congress	Al-Mo'tamar al-Shaabi al-Lubnany المؤتمر الشعبي اللبناني	LPC	Kamal Chatilla	None	Nasserism	Sunni Muslim
Promise Party or National Secular Democratic Party	Hizb Al-Waad حزب الوعد	NSDP	Gina Hobeika	None	Secularism	Officially secular Mainly Maronite Christian support
Federation of Popular Leagues and Committees	Tajamo' Al-Lijan wal Rawabit al-Shaabiya تجمع اللجان والروابط الشعبية	FPLC	Maan Bashour	None	Nasserism Arabic Nationalism	Officially Secular Mainly Sunni Muslim support
Socialist Arab Union	Al-Ittihad al-Ishtiraki al-Arabi الإتحاد الإشتراكي العربي	SAU	Omar Harb	None	Socialist	Secular
Union of Muslim Ulama	Tajamo' al-Ulamaa' al-Muslimin تجمع العلماء المسلمين	UMU	-	None	Islamist (Party status disputed)	All Muslim sects
Democratic Nasserite Movement	Harakat al-Nassiriyin al-Dimocratiyoon حركة الناصريين الدمقراطيون	DNM	-	None	Nasserism	Sunni Muslim
Lebanese Arab Struggle Movement	Harakat an-Nidal al-Arabi al-Lubnani حركة النضال العربي اللبناني	LASM	Faysal Dawood	None	Arabism	Officially Secular Mainly Druze support
Alawite Youth Movement	Harakat Al-Shabab Al-Alawi حركة الشباب العلوي	AYM	Rifaat Eid	None	Extension of the Arab Democratic Party	Alawite Muslim
Lebanese Democratic Youth Union	Ittihad al-Shabab al-Dimoqraty al-Lubnany إتحاد الشباب الدمقراطي اللبناني	UJDL	-	None, affiliated to the Lebanese Communist Party	Communist	Secular
Islamic Unification Movement	Harakat Al-Tawhid Al-Islamy حركة التوحيد الإسلامي	IUM	Said Shaaban	None	Islamism	Sunni Muslim
Akkar Popular Assembly	At-Tajamo' al-Shaabi al-Aakari التجمّع الشعبي العكاري	-	Wajih Baarini	None	Feudalism	Sunni Muslim
National Youth Party	Hizb al-Shabab al-Watani حزب الشباب الوطني	-	Ahmad Karami	None	-	Secular
March 14 Alliance
Future Movement	Tayyar Al Mustaqbal تيار المستقبل	FM	Saad Hariri	20	Conservative liberalism, Lebanese nationalism, Economic liberalism	Officially secular Mainly Sunni support
Lebanese Forces	al-Quwat al-Lubnāniyya القوات اللبنانية	LF	Samir Geagea	15	Lebanese Christian nationalism	Officially secular Mainly Christians support
Progressive Socialist Party	Hizb al-Taqadummi al-Ishtiraki الحزب التقدمي الإشتراكي	PSP	Walid Jumblatt	7	Democratic socialism Social democracy	Officially secular Mainly Druze support
Kataeb Party (Lebanese Phalange Party)	al-Kataeb al-Lubnāniyya حزب الكتائب اللبنانية	Kataeb	Samy Gemayel	3	Lebanese nationalism, Christian democracy, Social conservatism, Decentralization, Phoenicianism	Officially secular Mainly Maronite Christian support
Independence Movement	Harakat Al-Istiklal حركة الإسنقلال	Al Haraka	Nayla Moawad, Michel Moawad, Jawad Boulos and Youssef El Douaihy	1, part of Qornet Shehwan Gathering	Lebanese nationalism	Officially secular Mainly Maronite Christian support
National Liberal Party	Hizb al-Wataniyyin al-Ahrar حزب الوطنيين الأحرار	NLP	Dory Chamoun	None, part of Qornet Shehwan Gathering	Liberalism	Maronite Christian
Social Democrat Hunchakian Party	Hizb al-Henchag حزب الهنشاق (حزب الهنشاق الديمقراطي الإجتماعي)	Henchag (SDHP) Սոցիալ Դեմոկրատ Հնչակեան Կուսակցութիւն (ՍԴՀԿ)	-	None	Democratic socialism Social democracy	Armenian Secular
Islamic Group	Al-Jamaa Al-Islamiya الجماعة الإسلامية	JI	Azzam Al-Ayoubi	None	Islamist	Sunni Muslim
Democratic Left	Harakat Al-Yassar ll-Dimoqrati حركة اليسار الديمقراطي	DL	Elias Attallah	None	Left-wing	Secular
Democratic Renewal	Harakat al-Tajaddod al-Dimoqrati حركة التجدد الدمقراطي	DRM	Nassib Lahoud (Founder) Farouk Jabre	None	Reformism	Secular
Armenian Democratic Liberal Party - Ramgavar	Hizb al-Ramgavar حزب الرمغفار (الحزب الديمقراطي الليبرالي الأرمني)	Ramgavar (ADL) Ռամկավար Ազատական Կուսակցութիւն (ՌԱԿ)	Hagop Kassardjian	None	Liberalism	Armenian Secular
Free Lebanese Armenian Movement	Harakit Al-Lubnaniyin Al-Arman Al-Ahrar حركة اللبنانيين الأرمن الأحرار	FLAM	-	None	Liberalism	Armenian-Secular
Free Shiite Movement	Tayyar el-Shi'i el-Horr التيار الشيعي الحرّ	TSH	Mohammad Al Hajj Hassan	None	Islamism	Shiite Muslim
Lebanese Peace Party	Hizb as-Salām al-Lubnāny حزب السلام اللبناني	LPP	Roger Edde	None	Centrism Decentralization Big tent[2]	Secular
Muahedeen Group	Jamaat AL-Muahedeen جماعة الموحدين	JM	Khaled Alhassanieh	None	Tawhid	Mainly Druze
Syriac Union Party	Hizb al Ittihad al Siryāni حزب الاتحاد السرياني	SUP	Ibrahim Mrad	None	Syriac Christian interests	Mainly Syriac Christian support
Shuraya Party	Hizb Al-Shurāya شــورايـا			None	Assyrianism	Assyrian
Other parties in Lebanon
Lihaqqi	Lihaqqi لِ حقي	LIHAQQI	Collective Leadership	None	Left-libertarianism Grassroots Democracy Direct Democracy Economic Democracy Radical Democracy	Secular
Azm Movement	Tayar al-Azm تيار العزم	TA	Najib Mikati	4	Centrist	Mainly Sunni Muslim support
National Dialogue Party	Hizb Al-Hiwar Al-Watani حزب الحوار الوطني	NDP	Fouad Makhzoumi	1	Liberalism	Officially Secular Mainly Sunni Muslim support
Lebanese National Bloc	Hizb al-Kitla al-Wataniya حزب الكتلة الوطنية	NB	Salam Yamout	None	Centrist; Lebanese nationalism	Secular Historically Maronite Christian
Lebanese Communist Party	Al-Hizb al-Shooyoo'i al-Lubnāny الحزب الشيوعي اللبناني	LCP	Hanna Gharib	None	Communism	Secular
Citizens in a State	Mouwatinoun wa Mouwatinat fi Dawla مواطنون ومواطنات في دولة	MMFD	Charbel Nahas	None	Leftist	Secular
Sabaa Party	Hezb Sabaa حزب سبعة	V	Ghada Eid	None	Centrist	Secular
Green Party of Lebanon	Hezb al Khodor al-Lubnani حزب الخضر اللبناني	GPL	Philip Skaf	None	Green politics Nationalism Conservatism,	Secular
Party of Lebanon	Hezb Loubnan حزب لبنان	POL	Jacques Machaalani	None	For a true secular democracy and full equality of rights of the citizens	Secular
KAFEH! Movement	حركة كافح! (كوادر أناركية فاعلة حرة)			None	Anarchism	Secular
Taghyir Movement	Haraket El Taghyir		Elie Mahfoud Mahfoud	None	Nationalism	Officially Secular Mainly representing Lebanese abroad
Hizb ut-Tahrir	Hizb ut-Tahrir حزب التحرير	HT	Ata Abu Rashta	None	Officially Islamism	Officially Islamic Mainly Sunni support
Socialist Arab Lebanon Vanguard Party	Hizb Al-Taliyeh Lubnan Al-'Arabi Al-Ishtiraki حزب طليعة لبنان العربي الاشتراكي		Abd al-Majid Rafei	None	Ba'athism, Lebanese branch of the Iraqi Ba'ath party	Secular
The Phoenician Party (Lebanese Phoenician Party)	The Phoenician Party	PP	Antonios Abidaoud	None	Phoenicianism	Secular Mainly Maronite support
United Lebanese League	Itihad al-Rabitat al-Lubnanyieh اتحاد الرابطات اللبنانية	ULL	Rabih Chafi	None	Nationalism	Secular Mainly representing Lebanese abroad
Movement of Lebanese Nationalism; also known as Guardians of the Cedars	Xaraqit L Cawmiyye L Lebnaaniyye حركة القومية اللبنانية	XCL (www.X-C-L.org)	Elie Hawi	None	Nationalism	Secular Traditionally Christian
Aramean Democratic Organisation	At-Tanzim al-Arami al-Dimoqraty التنظيم الآرامي الديمقراطي	ArDO	Gabi Gallo	None	Nationalism Conservatism Right-wing politics	Aramean Christians
Democratic Socialist Party	Hizb Al-Ishtiraki Al-Dimoqraty الحزب الإشتراكي الديمقراطي	DSPL	Kamel Asaad	None	Socialism	Secular Mainly Shiite Muslim support
Phoenician Party	Phoenician Party	PHP	Wael Assaf	None	Phoenician Secular	Secular Mainly Maronite support
Islamic Gathering Movement	Harakat at-Tajammo' al-Islamy حركة التجمّع الإسلامي	-	-	None	Islamic	Sunni Muslim
Lebanese Democratic Movement	Tayyar Lubnan al-Dimoqraty تيار لبنان الديمقراطي	-	Jack Tamer	None	Social democracy	Secular
Lebanese Movement	Harakat Lubnan حركة لبنان	-	Nabil Mshantaf	None	-	-
Lebanese Option Gathering	Tayyar al-Intimaa' al-Lubnani تيار الإنتماء اللبناني	LOG	Ahmad al-Asaad	None	Liberalism	Secular Mainly Shiite Muslim support
Lebanese People's Front	Jabhat al-Shaab al-Lubnany جبهة الشعب اللبناني	-	Joseph Haddad	None	-	-
Liberty Front (also Lebanese Forces Resistance; Lebanese Christian Resistance)	Jabhat al Horriya جبهة الحرية	-	Fouad Abou Nader	None	Center-right politics	secular; Traditionally Christian support
Al-Hizb al-Jumhury al-Mustakel	Independent Republican Party الحزب الجمهوري المستقل		Founder Khaled Al-Hassanieh	None	Center right	Mainly Druze support
Najjadeh Party	Hizb Al-Nejjadeh حزب النجادة		Mustapha Hakim	None	Arab Nationalism	Sunni Muslim
National Progressive Movement	Harakat al-Taqaddom al-Watani حركة التقدّم الوطني	-	- (Founder was Jamil Lahoud, Émile Lahoud's father)	None	-	Secular
The United Phoenician Party (also International Lebanese United Phoenician Party)	United Phoenician Party	UPP	Cadmus Hanna	None	Phoenician Nationalism	Secular, primarily Maronites
National Labor Movement	Hizb al-Aamal al-Watani حزب العمل اللبناني	-	-	None	Communism	Secular
Islamic Jihad Movement (Lebanon)	Harakat al-Jihad al-Islamy حركة الجهاد الإسلامي	-	-	None	Islamism	Sunni Muslim
New Lebanese Movement	Harakat al-Lubnaniyin al-Jodod حركة اللبنانيين الجدد		Danny Abdel Khalek	None	Secularism	Secular
The Independents	Al-Mustakiloon المستقلون	-	-	None	-	Secular
Republican Reform Party	Al-Hizb al-Islahi al-Jumhuri الحزب الإصلاحي الجمهوري	-	Charles Chidiac	None	Liberalism	Secular
Arab Socialist Party	Al-Hizb al-Arabi al-Ishtiraki الحزب العربي الإشتراكي	-	-	None	Socialism	Secular
Lebanese Labor Party	Hizb al-Aamal al-Lubnany حزب العمل اللبناني	-	-	None	communism	Secular
Democratic Labor Party	Al-Hizb al-'Ommali al-Dimoqraty الحزب العمّالي الديمقراطي	-	Elias Abu Rizk	None	socialism	Secular
Democratic Secular Party	Al-Hizb al-'Ilmani al-Dimoqraty الحزب العلماني الديمقراطي	-	-	None	secularism	Secular
Lebanese Ecology Party	Hizb al-Bi'a al-Lubnany حزب البيئة اللبناني	-	Habib Maalouf	None	ecology	Secular
Popular Democratic Party	Al-Hizb al-Shaabi al-Dimoqraty الحزب الشعبي الديمقراطي	-	-	None	-	Secular
Party of Socialist Revolution	Hizb al-Thawra al-Ishtirakiyya حزب الثورة الإشتراكية	-	-	None	Maoist Communism	Secular
Free Alternative	Al Badil Al Taharouri البديل التحرّري	-	-	None	Anarchism	Secular
National Party	Al-Hizb al-Watani الحزب الوطني	-	-	None	-	Secular
Lebanese Arab Movement	Harakat Lubnan al-Arabi حركة لبنان العربي	-	-	None	Nasserism	Sunni Muslim
Lebanese National League	Al-Rabita al-Wataniya al-Lubnaniyya الرابطة الوطنية اللبنانية	-	Wajeb Kanso	None	Left-wing	Secular
Lebanese Resistance Brigades	Saraya al-Moqawama al-Lubnaniyya سرايا المقاومة اللبنانية	-	-	None (extension of Hezbollah)	-	Secular
Nasserite Nationalist Organisation	At-Tanzim al-Qawmi an-Nassiri التنظيم القومي الناصري	-	-	None	Nasserism; Arab Nationalism	Secular
Justice and Development movement	Tayyar el 'Adel wal Tanmiya تيار العدل والتنمية	-	-	None	-	Secular
Cedars Movement	Tayyar al-Arz تيار الأرز	-	-	None	-	Secular
Organization of Communist Action	Moonazzamat al-'Amal al-Shuyoo'i منظمة العمل الشيوعي	Ibrahim Muhsen	Ibrahim Muhsen	None	Communism; Arab Nationalism	Secular
Revolutionary Communist Group	At-Tajamo' Al-Shuyoo'i Al-Thawri التجمّع الشيوعي الثوري	-	Camil Dagher	None	Communism; Trotskyism	Secular
Leftist Assembly for Change	At-Tajamo' Al-Yasari Min Ajli Al Taghyeer التجمّع اليساري من اجل التغيير	TYMAT	-	None	Revolutionary Socialism; Trotskyism; Leninism	Secular
Civil society Movement	Tayyar al-Mojtama' al-Madani تيار المجتمع المدني	-	Gregoire Haddad	None	Secularism	Secular
Southern Christian Assembly	At-Tajamo' al-Massihi al-Janoubi التجمع المسيحي الجنوبي	-	JeanPaul El Hage	None	Christian conservatism	Christian
Kurdish Democratic Party	Al-Hizb Al-Kurdi Al-Dimoqraty الحزب الكردي الديمقراطي	-	Riyad Mihhu	None	-	Kurdish
Razkari Party	Hizb Razkari حزب رزكاري	-	Mahmoud Khodr Fattah Ahmad	None	-	Kurdish
Lebanese secular movement	Al-haraka Al-3oulmaniyya Al-loubnaniyya الحركة العلمانية اللبنانية	LSM	Jad Moukarzel	None	Secularism	Secular
Guardians of the Cedars	Hizb Horras al-Arz حزب حرّاس الأرز	-	Etienne Sakr	None	Phoenician Nationalism, conservatism, far-right	Multiconfessional, but mainly Maronite Christian
Regressive Isolationist Party	Al-Hizb Al-Raj'i Al-I'tizali الحزب الرجعي الإعتزالي	-	-	None	-	-
Islamic Amal Movement	Harakat Amal Al-Islamiya حركة أمل الإسلامية	-	Sobhi Toufaily	None	Islamism	Shi'a Muslim
Defunct parties
Lebanese Resistance Movement (Tanzim)	Harakat al-Moqawama al-Lubnaniya (Tanzim) حركة المقاومة اللبنانية - التنظيم	-	-	The Party disappeared after its militias disbanding	Christian Conservatism	Maronite Christian
Lebanese Youth Movement (MKG)	Harakat al-Shabab al-Lubnaniya حركة الشباب اللبنانية	-	Bachir Maroun	-	Christian Conservatism	Maronite Christian
Constitutional Bloc Party	Hizb al-Kutla al-Doostooriya حزب الكتلة الدستورية	-	Khalil El-Khoury	Mainly created by Pr. Bechara El Khoury to oppose Emile Edde's National Bloc during the post-independence period	Feudalism	Secular
The Great Lebanese Labor Party	Al-Hizb al-'Ommali al-Lubnany al-Kabir الحزب العمالي اللبناني الكبير	-	-	This party existed during the French Mandate of Lebanon	Communism	Secular
Deprived Movement	Harakat al-Mahroomin حركة المحرومين	-	Musa al-Sadr	Ancestor of Amal	-	Secular
Arab Nationalists Movement	Harakat al-Qawmiyyin al-'Arab حركة القوميين العرب	-	-	Split, most merged into the Arab Socialist Action Party – Lebanon	Arab nationalism	-
Social Democratic Youth	Al-Shabab al-Ijtimai al-Dimoqraty الشباب الإجتماعي الديمقراطي	-	Committee of 21 members	Non-official party founded in 2002 by activist Claude F. for a non hereditary sectarian Lebanon and socialist approach	Social, Democratic	Secular, mainly Shiite

See also

• Politics of Lebanon
• List of political parties by country

References

1. https://www.constituteproject.org/constitution/Lebanon_2004.pdf?lang=en
2. Nash, Matt (2017-09-13). "The anti-establishment - Executive Magazine". Executive. Retrieved 2019-10-30.