List of nominees for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry

The Nobel Prize in Chemistry (Swedish: Nobelpriset i kemi) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists who have made outstanding contributions in chemistry.[1] It is one of the five Nobel Prizes which were established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895.[2]

Lise Meitner, the second woman to be nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry

Every year, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences sends out forms, which amount to a personal and exclusive invitation, to about three thousand selected individuals to invite them to submit nominations. The names of the nominees are never publicly announced, and neither are they told that they have been considered for the Prize. Nomination records are strictly sealed for fifty years. Currently, the nominations for the years 1901 to 1966 are publicly available. Despite the annual sending of invitations, the prize was not awarded in eight years (1916, 1917, 1919, 1924, 1933, 1940–42) and have been delayed for a year at least nine times.

From 1901 to 1966, there have been 526 scientists nominated for the prize, 72 of which were awarded either jointly or individually. 17 more scientists from these nominees were awarded after 1966 and Frederick Sanger was awarded second time on 1980. Of the 15 women nominees, only three were awarded. The first woman to be nominated was Marie Skłodowska Curie. She was nominated on 1911 by Swedish scientist Svante Arrhenius and French mathematician Gaston Darboux and eventually won the prize on the same year. She is the only woman to win twice the Nobel Prize: Physics (1903) and Chemistry (1911).[3] Besides 25 and 11 scientists from these nominees won the prizes in Physiology or Medicine and in Physics correspondingly (including years after 1966). Only one company has been nominated, the Geigy SA for the year 1947.

Despite the long list of nominated noteworthy chemists, physicists and engineers, there have been still some other great scientists who were overlooked for the prize in chemistry such as Per Teodor Cleve, Jannik Petersen Bjerrum, Ellen Swallow Richards, Alice Ball, Vladimir Palladin, Sergey Reformatsky, Prafulla Chandra Ray, Alexey Favorsky, Rosalind Franklin and Joseph Edward Mayer.

List of nominees

Picture	Name	Born	Died	Years Nominated	Notes
	Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff	August 30, 1852 Rotterdam, Netherlands	March 1, 1911 Berlin, Germany	1901	Won the 1901 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[4]
	Emil Fischer	October 9, 1852 Euskirchen, Germany	July 15, 1919 Berlin, Germany	1901, 1902, 1916, 1919	Won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Chemistry,[5] later nominated for "Work on the synthesis of amino acids."[6]
	Svante Arrhenius	February 19, 1859 Uppsala, Sweden	October 2, 1927 Stockholm, Sweden	1901, 1902, 1903	Won the 1903 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[7]
	Henri Moissan	September 28, 1852 Paris, France	February 20, 1907 Paris, France	1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1905, 1906	Won the 1906 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[8]
	Zdenko Hans Skraup	March 3, 1850 Prague, Czech Republic	September 10, 1910 Vienna, Austria	1901	[9]
	Marcellin Berthelot	October 25, 1827 Paris, France	March 18, 1907 Paris, France	1901, 1902, 1903, 1904, 1906, 1907	[10]
	William Jackson Pope	March 31, 1870 London, United Kingdom	October 17, 1939 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1901, 1907, 1927	[11]
	William Ramsay	October 2, 1852 Glasgow, United Kingdom	July 23, 1916 High Wycombe, United Kingdom	1902, 1903, 1904	Won the 1904 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[12]
	Adolf von Baeyer	October 31, 1835 Berlin, Germany	August 20, 1917 Starnberg, Germany	1902, 1903, 1904, 1905	Won the 1905 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[13]
	Theodore William Richards	January 31, 1868 Pennsylvania, United States	April 2, 1928 Massachusetts, United States	1902, 1905, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915	Won the 1914 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[14]
	Rudolf Knietsch	December 13, 1854 Opole, Poland	May 28, 1906 Ludwigshafen, Germany	1902	[15]
	Johannes Wislicenus	June 24, 1835 Querfurt, Germany	December 5, 1902 Leipzig, Germany	1902	[16]
	Oliver Wolcott Gibbs	February 21, 1822 New York, United States	December 9, 1908 Rhode Island, United States	1902	[17]
	Edward Williams Morley	January 29, 1838 New Jersey, United States	February 24, 1923 Connecticut, United States	1902, 1908, 1910	[18]
	Armand Gautier	September 23, 1837 Narbonne, France	July 27, 1920 Cannes, France	1902, 1916	"Work on organic arsenic compounds and their therapeutic effect on tuberculosis, malaria and syphilis."[19][20]
	Harmon Northrop Morse	October 15, 1848 Vermont, United States	September 8, 1920 Maine, United States	1903, 1910	[21]
	Wilhelm Ostwald	September 2, 1853 Riga, Latvia	April 4, 1932 Grimma, Germany	1904, 1905, 1906, 1907, 1908, 1909	Won the 1909 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[22]
	Eduard Buchner	May 20, 1860 Munich, Germany	August 13, 1917 Focșani, Romania	1905, 1907	Won the 1907 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[23]
	Dmitri Mendeleev	February 8, 1834 Tobolsk, Russia	February 2, 1907 Saint Petersburg, Russia	1905, 1906, 1907	[24]
	Giacomo Ciamician	August 27, 1857 Trieste, Italy	January 2, 1922 Bologna, Italy	1905, 1907, 1908, 1911, 1912, 1914, 1916, 1919, 1921	[25]
	Henry Louis Le Chatelier	October 8, 1850 Paris, France	September 17, 1936 Miribel-les-Échelles, France	1905, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1914, 1915, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1934	[26]
	Walther Nernst	June 25, 1864 Gmina Wąbrzeźno, Poland	November 18, 1941 Niwica, Poland	1906, 1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1920, 1921	Won the 1920 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[27]
	Victor Grignard	May 6, 1871 Cherbourg-en-Cotentin, France	December 13, 1935 Lyon, France	1906, 1909, 1910, 1912, 1928	Won the 1912 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Paul Sabatier.[28]
	Paul Sabatier	November 5, 1854 Carcassonne, France	August 14, 1914 Toulouse, France	1907, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1928, 1929	Won the 1912 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Victor Grignard.[29]
	Ernest Rutherford	August 30, 1871 Brightwater, New Zealand	October 19, 1937 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1907, 1908	Won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[30]
	Otto Wallach	March 27, 1847 Kaliningrad, Russia	February 26, 1931 Göttingen, Germany	1907, 1908, 1910	Won the 1910 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[31]
	Alfred Werner	December 12, 1866 Mulhouse, France	November 15, 1919 Zürich, Switzerland	1907, 1908, 1911, 1912, 1913	Won the 1913 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[32]
	Stanislao Cannizzaro	July 13, 1826 Palermo, Italy	May 10, 1910 Rome, Italy	1907	[33]
	Sophus Mads Jørgensen	July 4, 1837 Slagelse, Denmark	April 1, 1914 Copenhagen, Denmark	1907	[34]
	Fredrik Adolf Kjellin	April 24, 1872 Södertälje, Sweden	December 30, 1910 Stockholm, Sweden	1907	[35]
	William Crookes	June 17, 1832 London, United Kingdom	April 4, 1919 London, United Kingdom	1907, 1908, 1909, 1910	[36]
	Heinrich Caro	February 13, 1834 Poznań, Poland	September 11, 1910 Dresden, Germany	1907, 1910	[37]
	Kristian Birkeland	December 13, 1867 Oslo, Norway	June 15, 1917 Kanagawa, Japan	1907, 1909, 1912, 1913	[38]
	Samuel Eyde	October 29, 1866 Arendal, Norway	June 21, 1940 Åsgårdstrand, Norway	1907, 1909, 1913	[39]
	Adolph Frank	January 20, 1834 Klötze, Germany	May 30, 1916 Berlin, Germany	1907, 1910, 1916	[40]
	Theodor Curtius	May 27, 1857 Duisburg, Germany	February 8, 1928 Heidelberg, Germany	1907, 1908, 1909, 1910, 1913, 1914, 1916, 1917, 1919, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924	[41]
	Albin Haller	March 7, 1849 Fellering, France	April 29, 1925 Paris, France	1907, 1912, 1916, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925	[42]
	Richard Willstätter	August 13, 1872 Karlsruhe, Germany	August 3, 1942 Muralto, Switzerland	1908, 1909, 1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1915	Won the 1915 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[43]
	Frederick Soddy	September 2, 1877 Eastbourne, United Kingdom	September 22, 1956 Brighton, United Kingdom	1908, 1918, 1919, 1922	Won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[44]
	Albrecht Kossel	September 16, 1853 Rostock, Germany	July 5, 1927 Heidelberg, Germany	1908	Won the 1910 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[45]
	Gustaf de Laval	May 9, 1845 Orsa, Sweden	February 2, 1913 Stockholm, Sweden	1908	[46]
	Georg Lunge	September 15, 1839 Wrocław, Poland	January 3, 1923 Zürich, Switzerland	1908	[47]
	Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch	March 7, 1857 Dresden, Germany	March 14, 1935 Dresden, Germany	1908, 1927	[48]
	Edmund Oscar von Lippmann	January 9, 1857 Vienna, Austria	September 24, 1940 Halle (Saale), Germany	1909	[49]
	Hans Heinrich Landolt	December 5, 1831 Zürich, Switzerland	March 15, 1910 Berlin, Germany	1909, 1910	[50]
	Otto Schönherr	December 1, 1861 Chemnitz, Germany	December 25, 1926 Dresden, Germany	1909, 1912	[51]
	Karl Engler	January 5, 1842 Weisweil, Germany	February 7, 1925 Karlsruhe, Germany	1909, 1910, 1911, 1916	[52]
	Jean-Baptiste Senderens	January 27, 1856 Barbachen, France	September 26, 1937 Barbachen, France	1909, 1928, 1929	[53]
	Gabriel Bertrand	May 17, 1867 Paris, France	June 10, 1962 Paris, France	1909, 1928, 1929, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1942, 1944, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1955, 1957	"Constitution of enzymes and their catalythic elements."[54][55]
	Carl Theodore Liebermann	February 23, 1842 Berlin, Germany	December 28, 1914 Berlin, Germany	1910	[56]
	Pierre-Émile Martin	August 18, 1824 Bourges, France	May 21, 1915 Fourchambault, France	1910	[57]
	Walther Spring	March 6, 1848 Liège, Belgium	July 17, 1911 Liège, Belgium	1910	[58]
	James Dewar	September 20, 1842 Kincardine, United Kingdom	March 27, 1923 London, United Kingdom	1910, 1911	[59]
	Heike Kamerlingh Onnes	September 21, 1853 Groningen, Netherlands	February 21, 1926 Leiden, Netherlands	1910, 1911	Won the 1913 Nobel Prize in Physics.[60]
	Marie Curie	November 7, 1867 Warsaw, Poland	July 4, 1934 Sancellemoz, France	1911	First woman nominated and first woman to win the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[61]
	Paul Ehrlich	March 14, 1854 Strzelin, Poland	August 20, 1915 Bad Homburg, Germany	1911	Won the 1908 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine,[62] later nominated for "Work on chemotherapy."[63]
	Sahachiro Hata	March 23, 1873 Masuda, Japan	November 22, 1938 Tokyo, Japan	1911	"Work on chemotherapy."[63][64] First Asian nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
	William Henry Perkin Jr.	June 17, 1860 Wembley, United Kingdom	September 17, 1929 Oxford, United Kingdom	1911, 1912, 1913, 1914, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1925, 1929	[65]
	Angelo Angeli	August 20, 1864 Tarcento, Italy	May 31, 1931 Florence, Italy	1911, 1913, 1917, 1922, 1924, 1926, 1928, 1931	[66]
	Gustav Heinrich Johann Apollon Tammann	June 9, 1861 Kingisepp, Russia	December 17, 1938 Göttingen, Germany	1911, 1915, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1933, 1935, 1936, 1937	[67]
	Fritz Haber	December 9, 1868 Wrocław, Poland	January 29, 1934 Basel, Switzerland	1912, 1913, 1915, 1916, 1918, 1919	Won the 1919 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[68]
	Hilaire de Chardonnet	May 1, 1839 Besançon, France	March 11, 1924 Paris, France	1912	[69]
	Philippe Barbier	March 2, 1848 Luzy, France	September 18, 1922 Bandol, France	1912, 1920, 1922	[70]
	Georges Urbain	April 12, 1872 Paris, France	November 5, 1938 Paris, France	1912, 1913, 1915, 1916, 1917, 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936	[71]
	Richard Adolf Zsigmondy	April 1, 1865 Vienna, Austria	September 23, 1929 Göttingen, Germany	1913, 1915, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1926	Won the 1925 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[72]
	William Küster	September 23, 1863 Leipzig, Germany	March 5, 1929 Stuttgart, Germany	1913	"Work on hemoglobin."[73][74]
	Leon Marchlewski	December 15, 1869 Wloclawek, Poland	January 16, 1946 Kraków, Poland	1913	"Work on chlorophyll and hemoglobin."[73][75]
	Karol Olszewski	January 29, 1846 Broniszów, Poland	March 24, 1915 Kraków, Poland	1913	[76]
	Theodor Zincke	May 19, 1843 Uelzen, Germany	March 17, 1928 Marburg, Germany	1913	[77]
	Carl Harries	August 5, 1866 Luckenwalde, Germany	November 3, 1923 Berlin, Germany	1913, 1914, 1915, 1917	[78]
	Albert Recoura	January 20, 1862 Grenoble, France	December 21, 1945 Grenoble, France	1913, 1915, 1921, 1922, 1924	[79]
	Otto Hahn	March 8, 1879 Frankfurt, Germany	July 28, 1968 Göttingen, Germany	1914, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1929, 1930, 1933, 1934,1936, 1937, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946	Won the 1944 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[80]
	Ernst Schmidt	July 13, 1845 Halle, Germany	July 5, 1921 Marburg, Germany	1914	[81]
	Alexander Tschirch	October 17, 1856 Guben, Germany	December 2, 1939 Bern, Switzerland	1914, 1917, 1928	[82]
	Paul Walden	July 26, 1863 Rozula, Latvia	January 22, 1957 Gammertingen, Germany	1914, 1920, 1927, 1934, 1947, 1948, 1954	[83]
	William Henry Bragg	July 2, 1862 Wigton, United Kingdom	March 12, 1942 London, United Kingdom	1915	Won the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics.[84]
	Henry Moseley	November 23, 1887 Weymouth, United Kingdom	August 10, 1915 Gallipoli, Turkey	1915	[85]
	Charles Galton Darwin	December 18, 1887 Cambridge, United Kingdom	December 31, 1962 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1915	[86]
	Édouard Branly	November 23, 1844 Amiens, France	March 24, 1940 Paris, France	1915	[87]
	Eugen Herzfeld	February 23, 1865 Košice, Slovakia	October 1, 1944 Lugano, Switzerland [88]	1915	[89]
	Emanuele Paternò	December 12, 1847 Palermo, Italy	January 17, 1925 Palermo, Italy	1915	[90]
	Emil Abderhalden	March 9, 1877 Oberuzwil, Switzerland	August 5, 1950 Zürich, Switzerland	1915, 1918	"Work on physiological chemistry and "abwehrfermente"."[91][92]
	Jean Baptiste Perrin	September 30, 1870 Lille, France	April 17, 1942 New York, United States	1915, 1919, 1920, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1926	Won the 1926 Nobel Prize in Physics.[93]
	Theodor Svedberg	August 30, 1883 Valbo, Sweden	February 25, 1971 Kopparberg, Sweden	1916, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1923, 1924, 1926	Won the 1926 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[94]
	Carl Bosch	August 27, 1874 Cologne, Germany	April 26, 1940 Heidelberg, Germany	1916, 1920, 1926, 1929, 1930, 1931	Won the 1931 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Friedrich Bergius.[95]
	Émile Bourquelot	June 21, 1851 Jandun, France	January 26, 1921 Paris, France	1916	[96]
	Frank Wigglesworth Clarke	March 19, 1847 Massachusetts, United States	May 23, 1931 Maryland, United States	1916	[97]
	Felix Ehrlich	June 1, 1877 Bad Gandersheim, Germany	January 23, 1942 Oborniki Śląskie, Poland	1916	[98]
	Josef Maria Eder	March 16, 1855 Krems an der Donau, Austria	October 18, 1944 Kitzbuhel, Austria	1916, 1921	[99]
	Fritz Pregl	September 3, 1869 Ljubljana, Slovenia	December 13, 1930 Graz, Austria	1917, 1922, 1923	Won the 1923 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[100]
	Knut Jacob Beskow	January 13, 1876 Stockholm, Sweden	January 28, 1928 Stockholm, Sweden	1917	[101]
	Arthur Ramén	October 12, 1873 Uppsala, Sweden	September 30, 1926 Stockholm, Sweden	1917	[102]
	Philippe-Auguste Guye	June 12, 1862 Geneva, Switzerland	March 27, 1922 Geneva, Switzerland	1917, 1918, 1919, 1920, 1921, 1922	[103]
	Amé Pictet	July 12, 1857 Geneva, Switzerland	March 11, 1937 Geneva, Swizterland	1917, 1920, 1924, 1926, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933	[104]
	Hartog Jacob Hamburger	March 9, 1859 . Alkmaar, Netherlands	January 4, 1924 Groningen, Netherlands	1918	"The introduction of physical-chemical problems to physiology, and work on phagocytosis and the permeability of the kidneys."[105][106]
	Mikhail Tsvet	May 14, 1872 Asti, Italy	June 26, 1919 Voronezh, Russia	1918	[107]
	Wilhelm Schlenk	March 22, 1879 Munich, Germany	April 29, 1943 Tübingen, Germany	1918, 1920, 1924, 1925, 1929	[108]
	Martinus Beijerinck	March 16, 1851 Amsterdam, Netherlands	January 1, 1931 Gorssel, Netherlands	1919, 1920	[109]
	Edward Curtis Franklin	March 1, 1862 Kansas, United States	February 13, 1937 Kansas, United States	1919, 1921	[110]
	Niels Bohr	October 7, 1885 Copenhagen, Denmark	November 18, 1962 Copenhagen, Denmark	1920, 1929	Won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Physics.[111]
	Otto Philipp Fischer	November 28, 1852 Euskirchen, Germany	April 4, 1932 Erlangen, Germany	1920	[112]
	Arthur Amos Noyes	September 13, 1866 Massachusetts, United States	June 3, 1936 California, United States	1920	[113]
	Domingo Emilio Noelting	June 8, 1851 Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic	August 6, 1922 Merano, Italy	1920	[114]
	Ossian Aschan	May 16, 1860 Helsinki, Finland	February 25, 1939 Helsinki, Finland	1920, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1925, 1931, 1936	[115]
	Charles Moureu	April 19, 1863 Mourenx, France	June 13, 1929 Biarritz, France	1921, 1929	[116]
	Søren Peter Lauritz Sørensen	January 9, 1868 Havrebjerg, Denmark	February 12, 1939 Copenhagen, Denmark	1921, 1922, 1923, 1924, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935	"Important studies on proteins."[105][117]
	Herbert Freundlich	January 28, 1880 Berlin, Germany	March 30, 1941 Minnesota, United States	1921, 1928, 1936	[118]
	Moses Gomberg	February 8, 1866 Kropyvnytskyi, Ukraine	February 12, 1947 Michigan, United States	1921, 1922, 1924, 1927, 1928, 1929, 1938, 1940	[119]
	Sergei Winogradsky	September 1, 1856 Kyiv, Ukraine	February 25, 1953 Brie-Comte-Robert, France	1921, 1952	"Work on nutrition."[120][121]
	Francis William Aston	September 1, 1877 Birmingham, United Kingdom	November 20, 1945 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1922	Won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[122]
	Arnold Frederick Holleman	August 28, 1859 Oisterwijk, Netherlands	August 11, 1953 Bloemendaal, Netherlands	1922	[123]
	Carl Auer von Welsbach	September 1, 1858 Vienna, Austria	August 4, 1929 Mölbling, Austria	1922, 1923, 1923, 1925, 1929	[124]
	Nikodem Caro	May 23, 1871 Łódź, Poland	June 27, 1935 Zürich, Switzerland	1922, 1932, 1933	[125]
	Gilbert Newton Lewis	October 25, 1875 Massachusetts, United States	March 23, 1946 California, United States	1922, 1924, 1925, 1926, 1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1946	[126]
	Henry Siedentopf	September 22, 1872 Bremen, Germany	May 8, 1940 Jena, Germany	1923, 1924	[127]
	Frederick Belding Power	March 4, 1853 New York, United States	March 26, 1927 Washington, D.C., United States	1923, 1925	[128]
	Heinrich Otto Wieland	June 4, 1877 Pforzheim, Germany	August 5, 1947 Starnberg, Germany	1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1933, 1934	Won the 1927 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[129]
	Hans von Euler-Chelpin	February 15, 1873 Augsburg, Germany	November 6, 1964 Stockholm, Sweden	1924, 1925, 1926, 1927, 1928, 1929	Won the 1929 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Arthur Harden.[130]
	George de Hevesy	August 1, 1885 Budapest, Hungary	July 5, 1966 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany	1924, 1927, 1929, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944	Won the 1943 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[131]
	Friedrich Emich	September 5, 1860 Graz, Austria	January 22, 1940 Graz, Austria	1924, 1925	[132]
	Dirk Coster	October 5, 1889 Amsterdam, Netherlands	February 12, 1950 Groningen, Netherlands	1924, 1927, 1929, 1933	[133]
	Lise Meitner	November 7, 1878 Vienna, Austria	October 27, 1968 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1924, 1925, 1929, 1930, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1937, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1946, 1947, 1948	[134]
	André-Louis Debierne	July 14, 1874 Paris, France	August 31, 1949 Paris, France	1925	[135]
	John Jacob Abel	May 19, 1857 Ohio, United States	May 26, 1938 Maryland, United States	1925, 1926, 1927	"Preparation of crystalline insulin."[136][137]
	Adolf Windaus	December 25, 1876 Berlin, Germany	June 9, 1959 Göttingen, Germany	1926, 1927, 1928	Won the 1928 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[138]
	Fritz Foerster	February 22, 1866 Zielona Gora, Poland	September 14, 1931 Dresden, Germany	1926	[139]
	Piero Ginori Conti	June 3, 1865 Florence, Italy	December 3, 1939 Florence, Italy	1926	[140]
	Giuseppe Oddo	June 9, 1865 Caltavuturo, Italy	November 5, 1954 Palermo, Italy	1926	[141]
	Casimir Funk	February 23, 1884 Warsaw, Poland	November 19, 1967 New York, United States	1926, 1946	"Research on vitamins".[142][143]
	Paul Pascal	July 4, 1880 Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise, France	January 26, 1968 Caen, France	1926, 1927, 1949, 1957, 1958, 1960	[144]
	Irving Langmuir	January 31, 1881 New York, United States	August 16, 1957 Massachusetts, United States	1927, 1928, 1929, 1931, 1932	Won the 1932 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[145]
	Peter Debye	March 24, 1884 Maastricht, Netherlands	November 2, 1966 New York, United States	1927, 1928, 1929, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936	Won the 1936 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[146]
	Frederick Gowland Hopkins	June 20, 1861 Eastbourne, United Kingdom	May 16, 1947 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1927	Won the 1929 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[147]
	Herbert Baker	June 9, 1862 Owletts, United Kingdom	February 4, 1946 Cobham, United Kingdom	1927	[148]
	Ernst Cohen	March 7, 1869 Amsterdam, Netherlands	March 6, 1944 Oswiecim, Poland	1927	[149]
	Kurt Gustav Peters	August 17, 1897 Vienna, Austria	May 23, 1978 Vienna, Austria	1927	[150]
	Olof Hammarsten	August 21, 1841 Norrköping, Sweden	September 21, 1932 Uppsala, Sweden	1927	"Work on physiological chemistry, especially the theories and work on blood coagulation."[151][152]
	Julius Bredt	March 29, 1855 Berlin, Germany	September 21, 1937 Aachen, Germany	1927	[153]
	Niels Bjerrum	March 11, 1879 Copenhagen, Denmark	September 30, 1958 Copenhagen, Denmark	1927, 1931, 1956	[154]
	Friedrich Paneth	August 31, 1887 Vienna, Austria	September 17, 1958 Mainz, Germany	1927, 1932, 1935, 1939, 1948, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958	[155]
	Hans Fischer	July 27, 1881 Frankfurt, Germany	March 31, 1945 Munich, Germany	1928, 1929, 1930	Won the 1930 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[156]
	Robert Robinson	September 13, 1886 Derbyshire, United Kingdom	February 8, 1975 Great Missenden, United Kingdom	1928, 1933, 1935, 1936, 1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946, 1947	Won the 1947 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[157]
	Samuel Colville Lind	June 15, 1879 Tennessee, United States	February 12, 1965 Virginia, United States	1928	[158]
	Kazimierz Fajans	May 27, 1887 Warsaw, Poland	May 18, 1975 Michigan, United States	1928, 1934	[159]
	Bruno Tacke	August 26, 1861 Wissen, Germany	October 28, 1942 Hagen, Germany	1928, 1936	[160]
	Arthur Harden	October 12, 1865 Manchester, United Kingdom	June 17, 1940 Wooburn Green, United Kingdom	1929	Won the 1929 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Hans von Euler-Chelpin.[161]
	Friedrich Bergius	October 11, 1884 Wrocław, Poland	March 30, 1949 Buenos Aires, Argentina	1929, 1931	Won the 1931 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Carl Bosch.[162]
	Walter Norman Haworth	March 19, 1883 White Coppice, United Kingdom	March 19, 1950 Barnt Green, United Kingdom	1929, 1930, 1931, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937	Won the 1937 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Paul Karrer.[163]
	George Barger	April 4, 1878 Manchester, United Kingdom	January 6, 1939 Aeschi, Switzerland	1929	"large-scale synthetic production of thyroxine; also modified Kendall´s original chemical description of thyroxine."[164][165]
	Charles Harington	August 1, 1897 Llanerfyl, United Kingdom	February 4, 1972 London, United Kingdom	1929	"large-scale synthetic production of thyroxine; also modified Kendall´s original chemical description of thyroxine."[164][166]
	Alfred Fabian Hess	October 9, 1875 New York, United States	December 5, 1933 New York, United States	1929	"Work on the chemical nature of the antirachitic vitamin; the discovery that food irradiated with ultraviolet rays produced this vitamin".[167][168]
	Kurt Bennewitz	January 2, 1886 Magdeburg, Germany	November 28, 1964 Bonn, Germany	1929	[169]
	Johannes van Laar	July 10, 1860 The Hague, Netherlands	December 9, 1938 Clarens, Switzerland	1929	[170]
	Alfred Stock	July 16, 1876 Gdańsk, Poland	August 12, 1946 Aken (Elbe), Germany	1929	[171]
	Carl Neuberg	July 29, 1877 Hanover, Germany	May 30, 1956 New York, United States	1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935	"Work on the chemistry of fermentation, especially the isolation and determination of methylglyoxaline as intermediate product in fermentation."[172][173]
	Frédéric Swarts	September 2, 1866 Ixelles, Belgium	September 6, 1940 Ghent, Belgium	1929, 1932, 1933, 1935	[174]
	Max Bodenstein	July 15, 1871 Magdeburg, Germany	September 3, 1942 Berlin, Germany	1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937	[175]
	Otto Ruff	December 12, 1871 Baden-Württemberg, Germany	September 17, 1939 Wrocław, Poland	1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937	[176]
	Victor Goldschmidt	January 27, 1888 Zürich, Switzerland	March 20, 1947 Oslo, Norway	1929, 1930, 1931, 1932, 1933, 1934, 1936, 1940	[177]
	Johannes Nicolaus Brønsted	February 22, 1879 Varde, Denmark	December 17, 1947 Copenhagen, Denmark	1929, 1933, 1948, 1949	[178]
	Charles Dufraisse	August 20, 1885 Excideuil, France	August 5, 1969 Excideuil, France	1929, 1948, 1950, 1952, 1954, 1956, 1958	[179]
	Otto Heinrich Warburg	October 8, 1883 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany	August 1, 1970 Berlin, Germany	1929, 1931, 1960	Won the 1931 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[180]
	Percy Williams Bridgman	April 21, 1882 Massachusetts, United States	August 20, 1961 New Hampshire, United States	1930	Won the 1946 Nobel Prize in Physics.[181]
	Carl F. Schmidt	July 29, 1893 Lebanon, Pennsylvania, United States	April 4, 1888 Radnor Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States	1930	[182]
	Arnold Eucken	July 3, 1884 Jena, Germany	June 16, 1950 Seebruck, Germany	1930, 1934	[183]
	Karl-Friedrich Bonhoeffer	January 13, 1899 Wrocław, Poland	May 15, 1957 Göttingen, Germany	1930, 1934, 1937, 1952	[184]
	Leopold Ružička	September 13, 1887 Vukovar, Croatia	September 26, 1976 Mammern, Switzerland	1931, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939	Won the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Adolf Butenandt.[185]
	Hermann Staudinger	March 23, 1881 Worms, Germany	September 8, 1965 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany	1931, 1932, 1934, 1935, 1939, 1941, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953	Won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[186]
	Karl von Auwers	September 16, 1863 Gotha, Germany	May 3, 1939 Marburg, Germany	1931	[187]
	Werner Schulemann	May 4, 1888 Nysa, Poland	June 20, 1975 Bonn, Germany	1931	"Work on plasmoquinine and atebrin."[188][189]
	Frederick George Donnan	September 6, 1870 Colombo, Sri Lanka	December 16, 1956 Canterbury, United Kingdom	1931, 1933	[190]
	Peter Klason	April 4, 1848 Falkenberg, Sweden	January 1, 1937 Stockholm, Sweden	1931, 1932, 1934, 1935	[191]
	James Irvine	May 9, 1877 Glasgow, United Kingdom	June 12, 1952 Edinburgh, United Kingdom	1931, 1935, 1936	[192]
	Werner Kuhn	February 6, 1899 Maur, Switzerland	August 27, 1963 Basel, Switzerland	1931, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1966	[193]
	Paul Karrer	April 21, 1889 Moscow, Russia	June 18, 1971 Zürich, Switzerland	1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937	Won the 1937 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Walter Norman Haworth.[194]
	Richard Kuhn	December 3, 1900 Vienna, Austria	August 1, 1967 Heidelberg, Germany	1932, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1939	Won the 1938 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[195]
	Otto Diels	January 23, 1876 Hamburg, Germany	March 7, 1954 Kiel, Germany	1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1949, 1950	Won the 1950 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Kurt Alder.[196]
	Gustav Embden	November 10, 1874 Hamburg, Germany	July 25, 1933 Nassau, Germany	1932	"Work on intermediary metabolism, especially in liver and skeleton muscles."[197][198]
	Walter Noddack	August 17, 1893 Berlin, Germany	December 7, 1960 Berlin, Germany	1932, 1933, 1934, 1935, 1937	[199]
	Artturi Ilmari Virtanen	January 15, 1895 Helsinki, Finland	November 11, 1973 Helsinki, Finland	1933, 1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1945	Won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[200]
	Ernst Späth	May 14, 1886 Moravský Beroun, Czechia	September 30, 1946 Zürich, Switzerland	1933	[201]
	Emil Votoček	October 5, 1872 Hostinné, Czechia	October 11, 1950 Prague, Czechia	1933	[202]
	Ida Tacke Noddack	February 25, 1896 Rhine Province, Germany	September 24, 1978 Bad Neuenahr-Ahrweiler, Germany	1933, 1935, 1937	[203]
	Harold Clayton Urey	April 29, 1893 Indiana, United States	January 5, 1981 California, United States	1934	Won the 1934 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[204]
	Adolf Butenandt	March 24, 1903 Bremerhaven, Germany	January 18, 1995 Munich, Germany	1934, 1935, 1936, 1938, 1939	Won the 1939 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Leopold Ružička.[205]
	Jaroslav Heyrovský	December 20, 1890 Prague, Czechia	March 27, 1967 Prague, Czechia	1934, 1938, 1940, 1944, 1947, 1950, 152, 153, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959	Won the 1959 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[206]
	Louis Camille Maillard	February 4, 1878 Pont-à-Mousson, France	May 12, 1936 Paris, France	1934	[207]
	Edward Wight Washburn	May 10, 1881 Nebraska, United States	February 6, 1934 Washington, D.C., United States	1934	[208]
	Fritz Kögl	September 19, 1897 Munich, Germany	June 6, 1959 Utrecht, Netherlands	1934, 1935, 1936, 1937, 1940, 1941, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951	"Work on auxines."[209][210]
	Erik Karl Mauritz Hägglund	June 15, 1887 Timrå, Sweden	March 13, 1959 Stockholm, Sweden	1934, 1956	[211]
	Frédéric Joliot	March 19, 1900 Paris, France	August 14, 1958 Paris, France	1935	Won the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Irène Joliot-Curie.[212]
	Irène Joliot-Curie	September 12, 1897 Paris, France	March 17, 1956 Paris, France	1935	Won the 1935 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Frédéric Joliot.[213]
	Enrico Fermi	September 9, 1901 Rome, Italy	November 28, 1954 Illinois, United States	1935, 1936, 1937	Won the 1938 Nobel Prize in Physics.[214]
	George Oliver Curme Jr.	December 24, 1888 Iowa, United States	July 28, 1976 Massachusetts, United States	1935	[215]
	Phoebus Levene	February 25, 1869 Žagarė, Lithuania	September 6, 1940 New York, United States	1935	"Work on the structure of the nucleic acids."[216][217]
	Colin Garfield Fink	December 31, 1881 Hoboken, New Jersey, United States	November 10, 1947 New Jersey, United States	1935	[218]
	Max Bergmann	February 12, 1886 Fürth, Germany	November 7, 1944 New York, United States	1935, 1950	[219]
	William Giauque	May 12, 1895 Niagara Falls, Canada	March 28, 1982 California, United States	1936, 1937, 1942, 1947, 1948, 1949	Won the 1949 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[220]
	Kurt Alder	July 10, 1902 Chorzow, Poland	June 20, 1958 Cologne, Germany	1936, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1949, 1950	Won the 1950 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Otto Diels.[221]
	William Arthur Bone	March 19, 1871 Stockton-on-Tees, United Kingdom	June 11, 1938 South Carolina, United States	1936	[222]
	Jacob Heslinga	1897 Netherlands	1966 Netherlands	1936	[223]
	Henri ter Meulen	November 30, 1871 Amsterdam, Netherlands	June 24, 1942 The Hague, Netherlands	1936	[224]
	Otto Hönigschmid	March 13, 1878 Horovice, Czechia	October 14, 1945 Munich, Germany	1936	[225]
	Jens Möller	July 2, 1894 Warnitz, Denmark	November 28, 1951 Gråsten, Denmark	1936	[226]
	Umetaro Suzuki	April 7, 1874 Shizuoka, Japan	September 20, 1943 Tokyo, Japan	1936	"Work on essential substances in rice and their importance in beri-beri."[227][228]
	Wojciech Świętosławski	June 21, 1881 Kiryjówka, Poland	April 29, 1968 Warsaw, Poland	1936, 1950, 1957, 1958, 1960	[229]
	Hugo Theorell	July 6, 1903 Linköping, Sweden	August 15, 1982 Stockholm, Sweden	1937, 1938, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955	Won the 1955 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[230]
	Marc Tiffeneau	November 5, 1873 Mouy, France	May 20, 1945 Paris, France	1937	[231]
	Arthur Heinrich Binz	November 12, 1868 Bonn, Germany	January 25, 1943 Berlin, Germany	1937	[232]
	Curt Räth	? Germany	? Germany	1937	[233]
	Franz Joseph Emil Fischer	March 19, 1877 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany	December 1, 1947 Munich, Germany	1937	[234]
	Fritz Hofmann	November 2, 1866 Kölleda, Germany	October 29, 1956 Hanover, Germany	1937	[235]
	Gustaf Komppa	July 28, 1867 Vyborg, Russia	January 20, 1949 Helsinki, Finland	1937, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945	[236]
	Paul Harteck	July 20, 1902 Vienna, Austria	January 22, 1985 California, United States	1937, 1952	[237]
	Fritz London	March 7, 1900 Wrocław, Poland	March 30, 1954 North Carolina, United States	1937, 1942, 1950, 1963	[238]
	Wendell Meredith Stanley	August 16, 1904 Indiana, United States	June 15, 1971 Salamanca, Spain	1938, 1939, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946	Won the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry John Howard Northrop and James Batcheller Sumner.[239]
	Jacob Böeseken	August 20, 1868 Rotterdam, Netherlands	May 16, 1949 Delft, Netherlands	1938	[240]
	William Draper Harkins	December 28, 1873 Pennsylvania, United States	March 7, 1951 Illinois, United States	1938	[241]
	Victor Henri	June 6, 1872 Marseille, France	June 21, 1940 La Rochelle, France	1938	[242]
	Vladimir Ipatieff	November 21, 1867 Moscow, Russia	November 29, 1952 Illinois, United States	1938, 1941, 1942, 1948, 1949, 1950	[243]
	Arthur Stoll	January 8, 1887 Schinznach-Dorf, Switzerland	January 13, 1971 Dornach, Switzerland	1938, 1940, 1942, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1957, 1959, 1960	"Chemical composition of heart glycosides, especially scillarens, digitalins and strophanthidins."[244][245]
	Georg Bredig	October 1, 1868 Glogow, Poland	April 24, 1944 New York, United States	1939	[246]
	Francesco Giordani	July 5, 1896 Naples, Italy	January 24, 1961 Naples, Italy	1939	[247]
	Paul Job	1886	1957	1939	[248]
	Maurice Piettre	January 14, 1878 Paris, France	January 13, 1954 Paris, France	1939	[249]
	Dorothy Maud Wrinch	September 12, 1894 Rosario, Argentina	February 11, 1976 Massachusetts, United States	1939	[250]
	Frederick Charles Bawden	August 18, 1908 Devonshire, United Kingdom	February 8, 1972 Hertfordshire, United Kingdom	1939	"Work on production of plant disease generating virus in crystallized form."[251][252]
	Norman Pirie	July 1, 1907 Easebourne, United Kingdom	March 29, 1997 Harpenden, United Kingdom	1939	"Work on production of plant disease generating virus in crystallized form."[251][253]
	Conrad Elvehjem	May 27, 1901 Wisconsin, United States	July 27, 1962 Wisconsin, United States	1939, 1944	"Work on the use of nicotinic acid on "blacktongue"."[254][255]
	Ernest Fourneau	October 4, 1872 Biarritz, France	August 5, 1949 Ascain, France	1939, 1940, 1949	[256]
	Robley Cook Williams	October 13, 1908 California, United States	January 3, 1995 New York, United States	1939, 1940, 1945, 1948, 1956	"Isolation and study of vitamin B1".[257][258]
	Linus Pauling	February 28, 1901 Oregon, United States	August 19, 1994 California, United States	1940, 1941, 1943, 1944, 1946, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955	Won the 1954 Nobel Prize in Chemistry and the 1962 Nobel Peace Prize.[259]
	Fritz Weigert	September 18, 1876 Berlin, Germany	April 13, 1947 Berlin, Germany	1940	[260]
	Jacques Tréfouël	November 9, 1897 Le Raincy, France	July 11, 1977 Paris, France	1940, 1944, 1946, 1950, 1951	"The discovery of the facts relating to para-amino-benzene sulfonamide."[261][262]
	Christopher Kelk Ingold	October 28, 1893 London, United Kingdom	December 8, 1970 Edgware, United Kingdom	1940, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966	[263]
	John Howard Northrop	July 5, 1891 New York, United States	May 27, 1987 Arizona, United States	1940, 1941, 1942, 1943, 1944, 1945, 1946	Won the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Wendell Meredith Stanley and James Batcheller Sumner.[264]
	James Batcheller Sumner	November 19, 1887 Massachusetts, United States	August 12, 1955 New York, United States	1941, 1944, 1945, 1946	Won the 1946 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Wendell Meredith Stanley and John Howard Northrop.[265]
	Paul Niggli	June 26, 1888 Zofingen, Switzerland	January 13, 1953 Zürich, Switzerland	1941	[266]
	Rudolph Schoenheimer	May 10, 1898 Berlin, Germany	September 11, 1941 New York, United States	1941	"Isotope techniques to study intermediary metabolism."[267][268]
	Moses Kunitz	December 19, 1887 Slonim, Belarus	April 21, 1978 Pennsylvania, United States	1941	"The production of crystalline digestion ferment (enzyme)"[269][270]
	Donald Van Slyke	March 29, 1883 New York, United States	May 4, 1971 New York, United States	1941, 1945	"Work on the chemistry of proteins, kidney function, the acid-base balance and the electrolytic balance of the body."[271][272]
	Albert Marcel Germain René Portevin	November 1, 1880 Paris, France	April 12, 1962 Paris, France	1941, 1945, 1948, 1950, 1959	[273]
	René Bernard Wurmser	September 24, 1890 Paris, France	November 9, 1993 Paris, France	1942	[274]
	Ernest Kennaway	May 23, 1881 Exeter, United Kingdom	January 1, 1958 London, United Kingdom	1942, 1944	"Isolation of a series of carcinogenic substances."[275]<[276]
	James Wilfred Cook	December 10, 1900 London, United Kingdom	October 21, 1975 Exeter, United Kingdom	1942, 1944, 1950, 1952	"Isolation of a series of carcinogenic substances."[275][277]
	Walter Heitler	January 2, 1904 Karlsruhe, Germany	November 15, 1981 Zollikon, Switzerland	1942, 1950, 1959, 1963, 1964	[278]
	Tadeusz Reichstein	July 20, 1897 Wloclawek, Poland	August 1, 1996 Basel, Switzerland	1943, 1944, 1945, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950	Won the 1950 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Edward Calvin Kendall and Philip Showalter Hench.[279]
	Vincent du Vigneaud	May 18, 1901 Illinois, United States	December 11, 1978 New York, United States	1944, 1945, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1954, 1955	Won the 1955 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[280]
	Harry Steenbock	August 16, 1886 Wisconsin, United States	December 25, 1967 Wisconsin, United States	1944	"Work on the chemical nature of the antirachitic vitamin; the discovery that food irradiated with ultraviolet rays produced this vitamin".[167][281]
	Edward Charles Dodds	October 13, 1899 Liverpool, United Kingdom	December 16, 1973 London, United Kingdom	1944	"Discovery of synthetic oestrogens, especially stilboestrol (diethylstilbestrol, DES) and their effects."[282][283]
	Karl Paul Link	January 31, 1901 Indiana, United States	November 21, 1978 Wisconsin, United States	1944, 1960	"Dicoumarol and related compounds"[284][285]
	Klaus Clusius	March 19, 1903 Wrocław, Poland	May 28, 1963 Zürich, Switzerland	1944, 1946, 1947, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 157, 1958, 1959, 1961	[286]
	Henry Eyring	February 20, 1901 Colonia Juárez, Mexico	December 26, 1981 Utah, Mexico	1944, 1950, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965	[287]
	Arne Fredrik Westgren	July 11, 1889 Årjäng, Sweden	March 7, 1975 Stockholm, Sweden	1945	[288]
	Glenn Theodore Seaborg	April 19, 1912 Michigan, United States	February 25, 1999 California, United States	1946, 1948, 1949, 1950, 1951, 1955	Won the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Edwin McMillan.[289]
	Robert Burns Woodward	April 10, 1917 Massachusetts, United States	July 8, 1979 Massachusetts, United States	1946, 1947, 1948, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965	Woodward holds the highest record as the most nominated person for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry and won on 1965. He was nominated 111 times.[290]
	Hans Adolf Krebs	August 25, 1900 Hildesheim, Germany	November 22, 1981 Oxford, United Kingdom	1946, 1950	Won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Fritz Albert Lipmann.[291]
	Hugh Stott Taylor	February 6, 1890 St. Helens, United Kingdom	April 17, 1974 New Jersey, United Kingdom	1946	[292]
	William von Eggers Doering	June 22, 1917 Texas, United States	January 3, 2011 Massachusetts, United States	1946, 1947	[293]
	Alexander Frumkin	October 24, 1895 Chișinău, Moldova	May 27, 1976 Tula, Russia	1946, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966	[294]
	Nikolay Semyonov	April 15, 1896 Saratov, Russia	September 25, 1986 Moscow, Russia	1946, 1947, 1948, 1950, 1955, 1956, 1957	Won the 1956 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Cyril Norman Hinshelwood.[295]
	Cyril Norman Hinshelwood	June 19, 1897 London, United Kingdom	October 9, 1967 London, United Kingdom	1947, 1948, 1949, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1955, 1956	Won the 1956 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Nikolay Semyonov.[296]
	Arne Tiselius	August 10, 1902 Stockholm, Sweden	October 29, 1971 Uppsala, Sweden	1947, 1948	Won the 1948 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[297]
	Henri Devaux	July 6, 1862 Étaules, France	March 14, 1956 Bordeaux, France	1947	[298]
	Leo Szilard	February 11, 1898 Budapest, Hungary	May 30, 1964 California, United States	1947	[299]
	J.R. Geigy SA (founded by J. R. Geigy-Merian)[300][301]	1857 Basel, Switzerland	1970 Basel, Switzerland	1947	First and last company nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry[302]
	Paul Läuger[303]	1896	1959	1947	[304][305]
	Otto Robert Frisch	October 1, 1904 Vienna, Austria	September 22, 1979 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1947, 1948	[306]
	Edwin McMillan	September 18, 1907 California, United States	September 7, 1991 California, United States	1948, 1951	Won the 1951 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Glenn Theodore Seaborg.[307]
	Philip Abelson	April 27, 1913 Washington, United States	August 1, 2004 Maryland, United States	1948	[308]
	Paul Lebeau	December 19, 1868 Boiscommun, France	November 18, 1959 Massy, France	1948	[309]
	David Rittenberg	November 11, 1906 New York, United States	January 24, 1970 New York, United States	1948	[310]
	Alfred Mirsky	October 17, 1900 New York, United States	June 19, 1974 New York, United States	1948	[311]
	Paul Rabe	August 24, 1869 Hoym, Germany	August 28, 1952 Hamburg, Germany	1948	[312]
	Gerhard Dickel	October 28, 1913 Augsburg, Germany	November 3, 2017 Augsburg, Germany	1948	[313]
	Joseph William Kennedy	May 30, 1916 Texas, United States	May 5, 1957 Missouri, United States	1948	[314]
	Pierre Armand Jacquet	April 7, 1906 Saint-Mandé, France	September 6, 1967 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France	1948, 1950	[315]
	Morris Selig Kharasch	August 24, 1895 Kremenets', Ukraine	October 9, 1957 Copenhagen, Denmark	1948, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957	[316]
	Roger Adams	January 2, 1889 Massachusetts, United States	July 6, 1971 Illinois, United States	1948, 1949, 1952, 1957, 1959, 1960	[317]
	Arvid Hedvall	January 18, 1888 Skara, Sweden	December 24, 1974 Gothenburg, Sweden	1948, 1949, 1950, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1962	[318]
	Hans Meerwein	May 20, 1879 Hamburg, Germany	October 24, 1965 Marburg, Germany	1948, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965	[319]
	Chester Hamlin Werkman	June 17, 1893 Indiana, United States	September 10, 1962 Indiana, United States	1948, 1949, 1950, 1952	"Discovery of the carbon dioxide assimilation process in heterotrophic organisms."[320][321]
	Harland Goff Wood	September 2, 1907 Minnesota, United States	September 12, 1991 Ohio, Philippines	1949, 1950, 1952	"Discovery of the carbon dioxide assimilation process in heterotrophic organisms."[320][322]
	Alexander Robertus Todd	October 2, 1907 Glasgow, United Kingdom	January 10, 1997 Oakington, United Kingdom	1949, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957	Won the 1957 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[323]
	Edward Calvin Kendall	March 8, 1886 Connecticut, United States	May 4, 1972 New Jersey, United States	1949	Won the 1950 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Tadeusz Reichstein and Philip Showalter Hench.[324]
	Edwin Joseph Cohn	December 17, 1892 New York, United States	October 1, 1953 Massachusetts, United States	1949	"Fractionation of plasma proteins..."[325][326]
	Domingo Giribaldo	January 25, 1860 Pando, Uruguay	July 9, 1950 Montevideo, Uruguay	1949	First Latin American nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[327]
	George William Heise	June 27, 1888 Milwaukee, United States	1972? United States	1949	[328]
	George Malcolm Dyson	April 5, 1902 London, United Kingdom	December 16, 1978 Loughborough, United Kingdom	1949	[329]
	Friedrich Richter	1896	1961	1949	[330]
	Karl Miescher	January 8, 1892 Naples, Italy	April 14, 1974 Riehen, Switzerland	1949	[331]
	Albert Kluyver	June 3, 1888 Breda, Netherlands	May 14, 1956 Delft, Netherlands	1949	[332]
	Ralph Walter Graystone Wyckoff	August 9, 1897 New York, United States	November 3, 1994 Arizona, United States	1949, 1952	"Electron microscopy of viruses, leading to knowledge of the nature and morphology of viruses and general insight into the structure and mechanism of crystallization of proteins."[333][334]
	David Keilin	March 21, 1887 Moscow, Russia	February 27, 1963 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1949, 1950, 1954, 1955, 1960	"Discovery of cytochromes"[335][336]
	Karl August Folkers	September 1, 1906 Illinois, United States	December 7, 1997 New Hampshire, United States	1949, 1954, 1958, 1961, 1962	"Work on the chemistry of streptomycin."[337][338]
	Michael Heidelberger	April 29, 1888 New York, United States	June 25, 1991 New York, United States	1949, 1953, 1962	"Methods for measuring antigens, antibody and complement. Specifically, studies on the purification of Pneumococcus polysaccharides, leading to routines for immunization against pneumococcal pneumonia."[339][340]
	Walter Reppe	July 29, 1892 Eisenach, Germany	July 26, 1969 Heidelberg, Germany	1949, 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1966	[341]
	William Cumming Rose	April 4, 1887 South Carolina, United States	September 25, 1985 Illinois, United States	1949, 1950, 1957, 1959, 1962, 1966	"Work on the amino acid requirements in humans."[342][343]
	Archer Martin	March 1, 1910 London, United Kingdom	July 28, 2002 Llangarron, United Kingdom	1950, 1951, 1952	Won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Richard Laurence Millington Synge.[344]
	Richard Laurence Millington Synge	October 28, 1914 Liverpool, United Kingdom	August 18, 1994 Norwich, United Kingdom	1950, 1951, 1952	Won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Archer Martin.[345]
	Melvin Calvin	April 8, 1911 Minnesota, United States	January 8, 1997 California, United States	1950, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961	Won the 1961 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[346]
	Dorothy Mary Crowfoot Hodgkin	May 12, 1910 Cairo, Egypt	July 29, 1994 Ilmington, United Kingdom	1950, 1956, 1957, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964	Won the 1964 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[347]
	Robert S. Mulliken	June 7, 1896 Massachusetts, United States	October 31, 1986 Virginia, United States	1950, 1957, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966	Won the 1966 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[348]
	Paul Flory	June 19, 1910 Illinois, United States	September 9, 1985 California, United States	1950, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1964, 1965	Won the 1974 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[349]
	Selman Waksman	July 22, 1888 Kiev, Ukraine	August 16, 1973 Massachusetts, United States	1950, 1951	Won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[350]
	Fritz Albert Lipmann	June 12, 1899 Königsberg, Germany	July 24, 1986 New York, United States	1950, 1952	Won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Hans Adolf Krebs.[351]
	George Beadle	October 22, 1903 Nebraska, United States	June 9, 1989 California, United States	1950, 1954	Won the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Edward Tatum.[352]
	Edward Joseph Conway	July 3, 1894 Nenagh, Ireland	December 29, 1968 Dublin, Ireland	1950	"Work on the permeability of the cell wall for ions, and ionic equilibrium."[353][354]
	Thérèse Tréfouël	June 19, 1892 Paris, France	November 9, 1978 Paris, France	1950	(jointly with Jacques Tréfouël and Gladwyn A Buttle)[355]
	Gladwin A Buttle	April 11, 1899 Woldingham, United Kingdom	May 3, 1983 Yorkshire, United Kingdom	1950	(jointly with Jacques and Thérèse Tréfouëls)[356]
	Arthur Wahl	September 8, 1917 Iowa, United States	March 6, 2006 New Mexico, United States	1950	[357]
	John Hamaker	1917 United States	2000? United States	1950	[358]
	Glenn E. Sheline	1918 Flint, Michigan, United States	1989 San Francisco, United States	1950	[359]
	Louis Werner	June 17, 1921 Idaho, United States	May 20, 2007 United States	1950	[360]
	Wendell Mitchell Latimer	April 22, 1893 Kansas, United States	July 6, 1955 Kansas, United States	1950	[361]
	Isadore Perlman	April 12, 1915 Wisconsin, United Kingdom	August 3, 1991 California, United States	1950	[362]
	Paul Kirk	May 9, 1902 Colorado, United States	June 5, 1970 California, United States	1950	[363]
	Raphael Consden	1911 United Kingdom	November, 1980 [Taplow], United Kingdom	1950, 1951	[364]
	Arthur Hugh Gordon	1916	2003 Camden Town, United Kingdom	1950, 1951	[365]
	Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang	November 29, 1896 Frederiksberg, Denmark	May 25, 1959 Copenhagen, Denmark	1950, 1953, 1956, 1958	[366]
	Hermann Irving Schlesinger	October 11, 1882 Wisconsin, United States	October 3, 1960 Illinois, United States	1950, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961	[367]
	Choh Hao Li	April 21, 1913 Guangzhou, China	November 28, 1987 California, United States	1950, 1951, 1953, 1956, 1958, 1959, 1961, 1963	"Isolation and study of the pituitary hormone."[368] First Chinese nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[369]
	Burris Bell Cunningham	February 16, 1912 Springer, New Mexico, United States	March 28, 1971 Berkeley, California, United States	1950, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966	[370]
	Willard Libby	December 17, 1908 Colorado, United States	September 8, 1980 California, United States	1951, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960	Won the 1960 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[371]
	Max Perutz	May 19, 1914 Vienna, Austria	February 6, 2002 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1951, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963	Won the 1962 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with John Kendrew.[372]
	Rudolph Peters	April 13, 1889 Kensington, United Kingdom	January 29, 1982 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1951	"Work on dimercaptopropanol and its importance in protection against poisoning by certain metals."[373][374]
	Yasuhiko Asahina	April 16, 1881 Tokyo, Japan	June 30, 1975 Tokyo, Japan	1951, 1952	[375]
	Ian Heilbron	November 6, 1886 Glasgow, United Kingdom	September 14, 1959 London, United Kingdom	1951, 1953	[376]
	Axel Edvin Lindh	January 10, 1888 Lund, Sweden	August 14, 1960 Lund, Sweden	1951, 1953	[377]
	Frederick Sanger	August 13, 1918 Rendcomb, United Kingdom	November 19, 2013 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958	Sanger twice won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He won the 1958 and 1980 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[378]
	Frits Zernike	July 16, 1888 Amsterdam, Netherlands	March 10, 1966 Amersfoort, Netherlands	1952	Won the 1953 Nobel Prize in Physics.[379]
	Alexander Braunstein	May 26, 1902 Kharkiv, Ukraine	July 1, 1986 Moscow, Russia	1952	[380]
	Claude Hudson	January 26, 1881 Georgia, United States	December 27, 1952 Washington, D.C., United States	1952	[381]
	Walther Kossel	January 4, 1888 Berlin, Germany	May 22, 1956 Tübingen, Germany	1952	[382]
	Erich Müller (probably Erwin Wilhelm Müller)	?	?	1952	[383]
	Francis Simon	July 2, 1893 Berlin, Germany	October 31, 1956 Oxford, United Kingdom	1952, 1954	[384]
	William Hume-Rothery	May 15, 1899 Worcester Park, United Kingdom	September 27, 1968 Oxford, United Kingdom	1952, 1957	[385]
	Lyman Craig	June 12, 1906 Iowa, United States	July 7, 1974 Iowa, United States	1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1965	"Discoveries and development of new chemical separation methods based on "counter-current extraction and partition chromatography"."[386][387]
	Marguerite Perey	October 19, 1909 Villemomble, France	May 13, 1975 Louveciennes, France	1952, 1958, 1961, 1965, 1966	[388]
	Walter Hieber	December 18, 1895 Stuttgart, Germany	November 29, 1976 Munich, Germany	1952, 1956, 1965, 1966	[389]
	Emilio Segrè	January 30, 1905 Tivoli, Italy	April 22, 1989 California, United States	1953, 1954, 1955, 1956, 1957, 1958	Won the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physics with Owen Chamberlain.[390]
	Øjvind Winge	May 19, 1886 Aarhus, Denmark	April 5, 1964 Copenhagen, Denmark	1953	[391]
	Izaak Maurits Kolthoff	February 11, 1894 Almelo, Netherlands	March 4, 1993 Minnesota, United States	1953, 1963	[392]
	Edward Tatum	December 14, 1909 Colorado, United States	November 5, 1975 New York, United States	1954	Won the 1958 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with George Beadle.[393]
	Karl Ziegler	November 26, 1898 Helsa, Germany	August 12, 1973 Mülheim, Germany	1954, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963	Won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Giulio Natta.[394]
	Giulio Natta	February 26, 1903 Imperia, Italy	May 2, 1979 Bergamo, Italy	1955, 1957, 1958, 1959, 160, 1961, 1962, 1963	Won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Karl Ziegler.[395]
	George Porter	December 6, 1920 Stainforth, United Kingdom	August 31, 2002 Canterbury, United Kingdom	1955, 1956, 1961, 1964, 1965, 1966	Won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Manfred Eigen and Ronald George Wreyford Norrish.[396]
	Lars Onsager	November 27, 1903 Oslo, Norway	October 6, 1976 Florida, United States	1955, 1956, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1962, 1964, 1965, 1966	Won the 1968 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[397]
	Louis Fieser	April 7, 1899 Ohio, United States	July 25, 1977 Massachusetts, United States	1955	"Studies on vitamin K."[398][399]
	Josef Mattauch	November 21, 1895 Ostrava, Czechia	August 10, 1976 Klosterneuburg, Austria	1955, 1959	[400]
	Félix Trombe	March 19, 1906 Nogent-sur-Marne, France	March 26, 1985 Ganties, France	1955, 1961	[401]
	Martin Kamen	August 27, 1913 Toronto, Canada	August 31, 2002 California, United States	1955, 1962, 1963, 1964	[402]
	Max Volmer	May 3, 1885 Hilden, Germany	June 3, 1965 Potsdam, Germany	1955, 1956, 1959, 1960, 1964, 1965	[403]
	John Clarke Slater	December 22, 1900 Illinois, United States	July 25, 1976 Florida, United States	1955, 1965, 1966	[404]
	Fritz Feigl	May 15, 1891 Vienna, Austria	January 23, 1971 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil	1955, 1957, 1962, 1963, 1966	[405]
	Severo Ochoa de Albornoz	September 24, 1905 Luarca, Spain	November 1, 1993 Madrid, Spain	1956, 1957, 1958, 1959	Won the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Arthur Kornberg.[406]
	Georges Lemaître	July 17, 1894 Charleroi, Belgium	June 20, 1966 Leuven, Belgium	1956	Lemaître is the only priest nominated for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[407]
	Joan Folkes	1927	?	1956	[408]
	Ernest Gale	July 15, 1914 Luton, United Kingdom	March 7, 2005 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1956	[409]
	Friedrich Emil Brauns	1890	1982	1956	[410]
	Boris Arbuzov	November 4, 1903 Pulawy, Poland	November 6, 1991 Kazan, Russia	1956	[411]
	Aleksandr Arbuzov	October 12, 1877 Kazan, Russia	January 22, 1968 Kazan, Russia	1956, 1957, 1961, 1962	[412]
	Heinz Fraenkel-Conrat	July 29, 1910 Wrocław, Poland	April 10, 1999 California, United States	1956, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963	[413]
	Jannik Bjerrum	April 5, 1909 Skærbæk, Denmark	August 29, 1992 Copenhagen, Denmark	1956, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965	[414]
	Karl Freudenberg	January 29, 1886 Weinheim, Germany	April 3, 1983 Weinheim, Germany	1956, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1965, 1966	[415]
	Marietta Blau	April 29, 1894 Vienna, Austria	January 27, 1970 Vienna, Austria	1957	[416]
	Paul Charpentier	? France	? France	1957	[417]
	Charles DuBois Coryell	February 21, 1912 California, United States	January 7, 1971 Massachusetts, United States	1957	[418]
	Friedrich Hund	February 4, 1896 Karlsruhe, Germany	March 31, 1997 Karlsruhe, Germany	1957	[419]
	Oswald Avery	October 21, 1877 Halifax, Canada	February 20, 1955 Tennessee, United States	1957	"The role of DNA at pneumococcal type II to type III transition."[420][421]
	Colin Munro MacLeod	January 28, 1909 Port Hastings, Canada	February 11, 1972 London, United Kingdom	1957	[422]
	Maclyn McCarty	June 9, 1911 Indiana, United States	January 2, 2005 New York, United States	1957	[423]
	Maurice-Marie Janot	November 3, 1903 Plombières-les-Bains, France	December 10, 1978 Paris, France	1957	[424]
	Aleksandr Volodymyrovych Palladin	September 10, 1885 Moscow, Russia	December 6, 1972 Kiev, Ukraine	1957	[425]
	Eric Rideal	April 11, 1890 London, United Kingdom	September 25, 1974 London, United Kingdom	1957	[426]
	Georg Stadnikov	January 17, 1880 Ukraine	February 18, 1973 Russia	1957	[427]
	Bernard Leonard Horecker	October 31, 1914 Illinois, United States	October 10, 2010 Florida, United States	1957, 1961	[428]
	Erich Hückel	August 9, 1896 Berlin, Germany	February 16, 1980 Marburg, Germany	1957, 1965, 1966	[429]
	Carl Wagner	May 25, 1901 Leipzig, Germany	December 10, 1977 Göttingen, Germany	1957, 1958, 1959, 1963, 1964, 1966	,[430][431][432]
	Luis Federico Leloir	September 9, 1906 Paris, France	December 2, 1987 Buenos Aires, Argentina	1958, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966	Won the 1970 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[433]
	Gerhard Herzberg	December 25, 1904 Hamburg, Germany	March 3, 1999 Ottawa, Canada	1958, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1965, 1966	Won the 1971 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[434]
	Vladimir Prelog	July 23, 1906 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina	January 7, 1998 Zürich, Switzerland	1958, 1959, 1964, 1965, 1966	Won the 1975 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with John Cornforth.[435]
	Georg Wittig	June 16, 1897 Berlin, Germany	August 26, 1987 Heidelberg, Germany	1958, 1960, 1961, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966	Won the 1979 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Herbert Charles Brown.[436]
	Maria Goeppert Mayer	June 28, 1906 Kattowitz, Germany	February 20, 1972 California, Germany	1958	Won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics with Eugene Wigner and Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen.[437]
	Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen	June 25, 1907 Hamburg, Germany	February 11, 1973 Heidelberg, Germany	1958	Won the 1963 Nobel Prize in Physics with Eugene Wigner and Maria Goeppert Mayer.[438]
	Bogdan Kamieński	March 14, 1897 Oswiecim, Poland	August 9, 1973 Kraków, Poland	1958	[439]
	Max Mousseron	May 30, 1902 Sorgues, France	March 1, 1988 Montpellier, France	1958	[440]
	Yoshiyuki Toyama	? Tokyo, Japan	? Japan	1958	[441]
	Yevgeny Zavoisky	September 28, 1907 Mohyliv-Podil's'kyi, Ukraine	October 9, 1976 Moscow, Russia	1958, 1960	[442]
	Gerold Schwarzenbach	March 15, 1904 Horgen, Switzerland	May 20, 1978 Zürich, Switzerland	1958, 1960, 1963, 1964, 1965	[443]
	Herman Francis Mark	May 3, 1895 Vienna, Austria	April 6, 1992 Texas, United States	1958, 1965	,[444][445]
	Jean Brachet	March 19, 1909 Etterbeek, Belgium	August 10, 1988 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium	1958, 1966	[446]
	John Kendrew	March 24, 1917 Oxford, United Kingdom	August 23, 1997 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1959, 1961, 1962, 1963	Won the 1962 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Max Perutz.[447]
	Arthur Kornberg	March 3, 1918 New York, United States	October 26, 2007 California, United States	1959	Won the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Severo Ochoa.[448]
	Feodor Lynen	April 6, 1911 Munich, Germany	August 6, 1979 Munich, Germany	1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965	Won the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Konrad Bloch.[449]
	Francis Owen Rice	May 20, 1890 Liverpool, United Kingdom	March 15, 1989 Indiana, United States	1959	[450]
	Günter Scheibe	November 24, 1893 Munich, Germany	May 31, 1980 Stuttgart, Germany	1959	[451]
	Frederick Rossini	July 18, 1899 Pennsylvania, United States	October 12, 1990 Florida, United States	1959	[452]
	M. Jean Chedin	?	?	1959	[453]
	Bror Alexander Ludvig Holmberg	July 30, 1881 Blekinge, Sweden	September 7, 1966 Stockholm, Sweden	1959	[454]
	David Ezra Green	August 5, 1910 New York, United States	July 8, 1983 Wisconsin, United States	1959	[455]
	Michael Polanyi	March 11, 189 Budapest, Hungary	February 22, 1976 Northampton, United Kingdom	1959, 1960	[456]
	Egon Wiberg	June 3, 1901 Güstrow, Germany	November 24, 1976 Munich, Germany	1959, 1965	[457]
	William Gardner Pfann	October 27, 1917 New York, United States	October 22, 1982 New York, United States	1959, 1960, 1965, 1966	[458]
	Walter Hans Schottsky	July 23, 1886 Zürich, Switzerland	March 4, 1976 Pretzfeld, Germany	1959, 1966	[459]
	Derek Barton	September 8, 1918 Gravesend, United Kingdom	March 16, 1998 Texas, United States	1960, 1961, 1962, 163, 1964, 1965, 1966	Won the 1969 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Odd Hassel.[460]
	Odd Hassel	May 17, 1897 Oslo, Norway	May 11, 1981 Oslo, Norway	1960, 1963, 1965, 1966	Won the 1969 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Derek Barton.[461]
	Ilya Prigogine	January 25, 1917 Moscow, Russia	May 28, 2003 Brussels, Belgium	1960, 1966	Won the 1977 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[462]
	James Watson	April 6, 1928 Illinois, United States		1960, 1962	Won the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Maurice Wilkins and Francis Crick.[463]
	Francis Crick	June 8, 1916 Northampton, United Kingdom	July 28, 2004 California, United States	1960, 1962	Won the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with James Watson and Maurice Wilkins.[464]
	Maurice Wilkins	December 15, 1916 Pongaroa, New Zealand	October 5, 2004 London, United Kingdom	1960, 1962	Won the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Francis Crick and James Watson.[465]
	Alfred Hershey	December 4, 1908 Michigan, United States	May 22, 1997 New York, United States	1960	Won the 1969 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Max Delbrück and Salvador Luria.[466]
	Wilhelm Gerhard Burgers	August 16, 1897 Arnhem, Netherlands	September 24, 1988 Amsterdam, Netherlands	1960	[467]
	Martin Deutsch	January 29, 1917 Vienna, Austria	August 16, 2002 Massachusetts, United States	1960	[468]
	Roger John Williams	Augsut 14, 1893	February 20, 1988 Texas, United States	1960	[469]
	Andrew Benson	September 24, 1917 California, United States	January 16, 2015 California, United States	1960	[470]
	Howard Cary	May 3, 1908 California, United States	December 20, 1991 California, United States	1960	[471]
	Arnold Orville Beckman	April 10, 1900 Illinois, United States	May 18, 2004 California, United States	1960	[472]
	Jo Engl	August 6, 1893 Munich, Germany	April 8, 1942 New York, United States	1960	[473]
	Joseph Massolle	March 24, 1889 Bielefeld, Germany	April 2, 1957 Berlin, Germany	1960	[474]
	Hans Vogt	September 25, 1890 Rehau, Germany	December 4, 1979 Obernzell, Germany	1960	[475]
	Martha Cowles Chase	November 30, 1927 Ohio, United States	August 8, 2003 Ohio, United States	1960	[476]
	Alfred Gierer	April 15, 1929 Berlin, Germany		1960, 1962	[477]
	Gerhard Schramm	June 27, 1910 Kanagawa, Japan	February -3, 1969 Tübingen, Germany	1960, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966	[478]
	John Aston	1903 United States	1990 United States	1960, 1966	[479]
	Manfred Eigen	May 9, 1927 Bochum, Germany	February 6, 2019 Göttingen, Germany	1960, 1962, 1963, 1964, 1965, 1966	Won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Ronald George Wreyford Norrish and George Porter.[480]
	Ronald George Wreyford Norrish	November 9, 1897 Cambridge, United Kingdom	June 7, 1978 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1961, 1964, 1965, 1966	Won the 1967 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Manfred Eigen and George Porter.[481]
	Konrad Emil Bloch	January 21, 1912 Nysa, Poland	October 15, 2000 Massachusetts, United States	1961, 1962, 1963, 1964	Won the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Feodor Lynen.[482]
	Torbjörn Caspersson	October 15, 1910 Motala, Sweden	December 7, 1997 Stockholm, Sweden	1961	"The role of nucleic acids, in particular RNA, in cellular protein synthesis"[483][484]
	Leslie Orgel	January 12, 1927 London, United Kingdom	October 27, 2007 California, United States	1961	[485]
	Pierre Van Rysselberghe	1905 ?	1977 ?	1961	[486]
	Efraim Racker	June 28, 1913 Nowy Sacz, Poland	September 9, 1991 New York, United States	1961	[487]
	Robert Corey	August 19, 1897 Massachusetts, United States	April 23, 1971 California, United States	1961, 1962	[488]
	Georges Chaudron	April 29, 1891 Fontenay-sous-Bois, France	March 4, 1976 Paris, France	1961, 1963, 1964, 1965	[489]
	Bo Lars Gunnar Sillén	July 11, 1916 Stockholm, Sweden	July 23, 1970 Stockholm, Sweden	1961, 1964, 1965	[490]
	Britton Chance	July 24, 1913 Pennsylvania, United States	November 16, 2010 Pennsylvania, United States	1961, 1964, 1965, 1966	[491]
	Johannes Martin Bijvoet	January 23, 1982 Amsterdam, Netherlands	March 4, 1980 Winterswijk, Netherlands	1961, 1964, 1966	[492]
	Harry George Drickamer	November 19, 1918 Ohio, United States	May 6, 2002 Illinois, United States	1961, 1965, 1966	[493]
	Daniel Israel Arnon	November 14, 1910 Warsaw, Poland	December 20, 1994 California, United States	1961, 1962, 1965, 1966	[494]
	Ernst Otto Fischer	November 10, 1918 Munich, Germany	July 23, 2007 Munich, Germany	1962	Won the 1973 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Geoffrey Wilkinson.[495]
	Louis Néel	November 22, 1904 Lyon, France	November 17, 2000 Brive-la-Gaillarde, France	1962, 1964	Won the 1970 Nobel Prize in Physics with Hannes Alfvén.[496]
	Nikolay Vasilyevich Belov	December 14, 1891 Janow Lubelski, Poland	March 6, 1982 Vitebsk Region, Belarus	1962	[497]
	Peter Pauson	July 30, 1925 Bamberg, Germany	December 10, 2013 Glasgow, United Kingdom	1962	[498]
	Maurice Stacey	April 8, 1907 Shropshire, United Kingdom	October 9, 1994 Birmingham, United Kingdom	1962	[499]
	Tadeusz Urbanski	October 26, 1901 Krasnodar, Russia	May 29, 1985 Warsaw, Poland	1962	[500]
	Karl-Wolfgang Mundry	March 16, 1927 Hildesheim, Germany		1962	[501]
	Clemens Josef Schöpf	August 12, 1899 Gersfeld, Germany	December 17, 1970 Darmstadt, Germany	1962	[502]
	Sanʼichirō Mizushima	March 21, 1899 Tokyo, Japan	August 3, 1983 Tokyo, Japan	1962, 1964	[503]
	Alexander Pavlovich Vinogradov	August 21, 1895 Tutayev, Russia	November 16, 1975 Moscow, Russia	1962, 1964, 1965	[504]
	Louis Plack Hammett	April 7, 1894 Delaware, United States	February 9, 1987 New Jersey, United States	1962, 1963, 1964, 1965	[505]
	Carl Djerassi	October 29, 1923 Vienna, Austria	January 30, 2015 California, United States	1962, 1964, 1965, 1966	[506]
	Herbert Charles Brown	May 22, 1912 London, United Kingdom	December 19, 2004 Indiana, United States	1963, 1964, 1966	Won the 1979 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Georg Wittig.[507]
	Har Gobind Khorana	January 9, 1922 Raipur, Pakistan	November 9, 2011 Massachusetts, United States	1963, 1965, 1966	Won the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Marshall Warren Nirenberg and Robert William Holley.[508]
	James Baddiley	May 15, 1918 Manchester, United Kingdom	November 17, 2008 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1963	[509]
	Wilhelm Ludwig August Geilmann	May 16, 1891 Unterrieden, Germany	May 24, 1967 Mainz, Germany	1963	[510]
	Dionýz Ilkovič	January 18, 1907 Šarišský Štiavnik, Slovakia	August 3, 1980 Bratislava, Slovakia	1963	[511]
	Noel Bryan Slater	July 29, 1912 Blackburn, United Kingdom	January 31, 1973 London, United Kingdom	1963	[512]
	Gunnar Blix	September 7, 1894 Lund, Sweden	June 10, 1981 Uppsala, Sweden	1963	[513]
	Ernst Klenk	October 14, 1896 Pfalzgrafenweiler, Germany	December 29, 1971 Cologne, Germany	1963	[514]
	John Monteath Robertson	July 24, 1900 Auchterarder, United Kingdom	September 27, 1989 Inverness, United Kingdom	1963	[515]
	Edgar Bright Wilson Jr.	December 18, 1908 Tennessee, United States	June 12, 1992 Massachusetts, United States	1963	[516]
	Stanley Bruckenstein	November 1, 1927 New York, United States		1963	[517]
	Alberte Bucher Pullman	August 26, 1920 Nantes, France	January 7, 2011 Paris, France	1963, 1965	[518]
	Bernard Pullman	March 19, 1919 Wloclawek, Poland	June 9, 1996 Paris, France	1963, 1965	[519]
	Fritz Arndt	July 6, 1885 Hamburg, Germany	December 8, 1969 Hamburg, Germany	1963, 1964, 1965, 1966	[520]
	Neil Bartlett	September 15, 1932 Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom	August 5, 2008 California, United States	1963, 1964, 1965, 1966	[521]
	Alfred Champagnat	?	?	1963, 1966	[522]
	Saul Winstein	October 8, 1912 Montreal, Canada	November 23, 1969 California, United States	1963, 1966	[523]
	Charles Coulson	December 13, 1910 Dudley, United Kingdom	January 7, 1974 Oxford, United Kingdom	1964	[524]
	Edmund Hirst	July 21, 1898 Lancashire, United Kingdom	October 29, 1975 Edinburgh, United Kingdom	1964	[525]
	Alexander Oparin	March 2, 1894 Uglich, Russia	April 21, 1980 Moscow, Russia	1964	[526]
	Gopalasamudram Narayana Ramachandran	October 8, 1922 Ernakulam, India	April 7, 2001 Chennai, India	1964	[527]
	František Šorm	February 28, 1913 Prague, Czechia	November 18, 1980 Prague, Czechia	1964	[528]
	Émile-Florent Terroine	January 21, 1882 Paris, France	October 24, 1974 Paris, France	1964	[529]
	Kaoru Yamafuji	1933 Japan	? Japan	1964	[530]
	Paul Zamecnik	November 22, 1912 Ohio, United States	October 27, 2009 Massachusetts, United States	1964	[531]
	Georg-Maria Schwab	February 3, 1899 Berlin, Germany	December 23, 1984 Munich, Germany	1964	[532]
	Arthur Holmes	January 14, 1890 Hebburn, United Kingdom	September 20, 1965 London, United Kingdom	1964, 1965	[533]
	John Gunnar Malm	June 24, 1921 Chicago, United States	May 11, 1999 Naperville, Illinois, United States[534]	1964, 1965	[535]
	Howard H. Claassen	1918 Hillsboro, Kansas, United States	December 27, 2010 Tacoma, Washington, United States[536]	1964, 1965, 1966	[537][538]
	Henry H. Selig	1927 Frankfurt, Germany	October 21, 2014 [539]	1964, 1965, 1966	[540]
	Ephraim Katzir	May 16, 1916 Kiev, Ukraine	May 30, 2009 Rehovot, Israel	1964, 1966	4th President of the Israel (1973 – 1978).[541]
	Bernd Theodor Matthias	June 8, 1918 Frankfurt, Germany	October 27, 1980 California, United States	1964, 1966	[542]
	John Warcup Cornforth Jr.	September 7, 1917 Sydney, Australia	December 8, 2013 Sussex, United Kingdom	1965, 1966	Won the 1975 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Vladimir Prelog.[543]
	Jacques Monod	February 9, 1910 Paris, France	May 31, 1976 Cannes, France	1965	Won the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with François Jacob and André Lwoff.[544]
	J Jacob	June 17, 1920 Nancy, France	April 19, 2013 Paris, France	1965	Won the 1965 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Jacques Monod and André Lwoff.[545]
	Guadalupe Ortiz de Landázuri	December 12, 1916 Madrid, Spain	July 16, 1975 Pamplona, Spain	1965	Beatified by the Roman Catholic Church on 2019.[546]
	Kathleen Lonsdale	January 28, 1903 Newbridge, Ireland	April 1, 1971 London, United Kingdom	1965	[547]
	Paul Doughty Bartlett	August 14, 1907 Michigan, United States	October 11, 1997 Massachusetts, United States	1965	[548]
	Erwin Chargaff	August 11, 1905 Chernivtsi, Ukraine	June 20, 2002 New York, United States	1965	[549]
	G. I. Arnon (prob. Daniel I. Arnon)	?	?	1965	[550]
	Salomon Cohen (prob. Seymour S. Cohen)	?	?	1965	[551]
	Oganes K. Davtyan	April 15, 1911 Akhuryan, Armenia[552]	December 28, 1990 Yerevan, Armenia	1965	[553]
	Ulick Richardson Evans	March 31, 1889 London, United Kingdom	April 3, 1980 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1965	[554]
	Otto Kratky	March 9, 1902 Vienna, Austria	February 11, 1995 Graz, Austria	1965	[555]
	Stanley George Mason	March 20, 1914 Montreal, Canada	April 21, 1987 Quebec, Canada	1965	[556]
	Ivan Stranski	January 2, 1897 Sofia, Bulgaria	June 19, 1979 Sofia, Bulgaria	1965	[557]
	Geoffrey Ingram Taylor	March 7, 1886 London, United Kingdom	June 27, 1975 Cambridge, United Kingdom	1965	[558]
	André Guinier	August 1, 1911 Nancy, France	July 3, 2000 Paris, France	1965	[559]
	Henrik Gunnar Lundegårdh	October 23, 1888 Stockholm, Sweden	November 19, 1969 Norrtälje, Sweden	1965	[560]
	Rudolf Hoppe	October 29, 1922 Wittenberge, Germany	November 24, 2014 Giessen, Germany	1965	[561]
	Leonard (Len) E. Mortenson	1928 Melrose, Massachusetts, United States	October 30, 2017 United States[562]	1965	[563]
	Raymond C. Valentine	?	?	1965	[564]
	James E. Carnahan	?	?	1965	[565]
	Charles Prévost	March 20, 1899 Champlitte, France	July 11, 1983 Paris, France	1965, 1966	[566]
	Jean Roche	January 14, 1901 Sorgues, France	May 24, 1992 Montpellier, France	1965, 1966	[567]
	Alan Walsh	December 19, 1916 Hoddlesden, United Kingdom	August 3, 1998 Melbourne, Australia	1965, 1966	[568]
	George Joseph Popják	May 5, 1914 Szeged, Hungary	December 30, 1998 California, United States	1965, 1966	[569]
	Albert Eschenmoser	August 5, 1925 Erstfeld, Switzerland		1965, 1966	[570]
	Alfred Rieche	April 28, 1902 Dortmund, Germany	November 6, 2001 Berlin, Germany	1965, 1966	[571]
	Rudolf Criegee	May 23, 1902 Düsseldorf, Germany	November 7, 1975 Karlsruhe, Germany	1965, 1966	[572]
	Marshall Warren Nirenberg	April 10, 1927 New York, United States	January 15, 2010 New York, United States	1965, 1966	Won the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Har Gobind Khorana and Robert William Holley.[573]
	Robert William Holley	January 28, 1922 Illinois, United States	February 11, 1993 California, United States	1966	Won the 1968 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Har Gobind Khorana and Marshall Warren Nirenberg.[574]
	Stanford Moore	September 4, 1913 Illinois, United States	August 23, 1982 New York, United States	1966	Won the 1972 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Christian Boehmer Anfinsen and William Howard Stein.[575]
	William Howard Stein	June 25, 1911 New York, United States	February 2, 1980 New York, United States	1966	Won the 1972 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Christian Boehmer Anfinsen and Stanford Moore.[576]
	Richard Barrer	June 16, 1910 Wellington, New Zealand	September 12, 1996 Chislehurst, United Kingdom	1966	[577]
	Bernard Halpern	November 2, 1904 Tarnoruda, Ukraine	September 23, 1978 Paris, France	1966	"Synthetic antihistamine compounds"[578][579]
	Kurt Bruno Hannig [580]	May 26, 1920 Liberec, Czechia	January 20, 1993	1966	[581]
	James Franklin Hyde	March 11, 1903 New York, United States	October 11, 1999 Florida, United States	1966	[582]
	Arthur Lüttringhaus	July 6, 1906 Cologne, Germany	May 27, 1992 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany	1966	[583]
	Edwin Theodore Mertz	December 6, 1909 Montana, United States	February 1, 1999 Montana, United States	1966	[584]
	Robert Schwyzer	December 8, 1920 Zürich, Switzerland	September 29, 2015 Minnesota, United States	1966	[585]
	Thiruvengadam Rajendram Seshadri	February 3, 1900 Kulithalai, India	September 27, 1975 New Delhi, India	1966	[586]
	Kenneth Pitzer	January 6, 1914 California, United States	December 26, 1997 California, United States	1966	[587]
	Sol Spiegelman	December 14, 1914 New York, United States	January 20, 1983 New York, United States	1966	[588]
	Laurens Lambertus Marie van Deenen	August 14, 1928 Maastricht, Netherlands	September 4, 1994 Bilthoven, Netherlands	1966	[589]
	G. Horrëus de Haas[590]	September 20, 1931 The Hague, Netherlands	November 26, 2006 Utrecht, Netherlands	1966	[591]

See also

• List of Nobel laureates in Chemistry
• List of female nominees for the Nobel Prize

References

1. "The Nobel Prize in Chemistry". nobelprize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
2. "Guide to Nobel Prize". Britannica. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
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14. "Nomination Archive – Theodore Richards". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
15. "Nomination Archive – Rudolf Knietsch". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
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22. "Nomination Archive – Wilhelm Ostwald". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
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31. "Nomination Archive – Otto Wallach". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
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33. "Nomination Archive – Stanislao Canizzaro". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
34. "Nomination Archive – Sophus Jörgensen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
35. "Nomination Archive – Fredrik Kjellin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
36. "Nomination Archive – William Crookes". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
37. "Nomination Archive – Heinrich Caro". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
38. "Nomination Archive – Kristian Birkeland". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
39. "Nomination Archive – Samuel Eyde". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
40. "Nomination Archive – Adolph Frank". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
41. "Nomination Archive – Theodor Curtius". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
42. "Nomination Archive – Albin Haller". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
43. "Nomination Archive – Richard Willstätter". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
44. "Nomination Archive – Frederick Soddy". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
45. "Nomination Archive – Albrecht Kossel". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
46. "Nomination Archive – Gustaf de Laval". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
47. "Nomination Archive – Georg Lunge". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
48. "Nomination Archive – Arthur Hantzsch". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
49. "Nomination Archive – Edmund von Lippmann". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
50. "Nomination Archive – Hans Landolt". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
51. "Nomination Archive – Otto Schönherr". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
52. "Nomination Archive – Carl Engler". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
53. "Nomination Archive – Jean Senderens". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
54. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for G.Bertrand". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
55. "Nomination Archive – Gabriel Bertrand". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
56. "Nomination Archive – Carl Liebermann". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
57. "Nomination Archive – Pierre Martin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
58. "Nomination Archive – Walthère Spring". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
59. "Nomination Archive – Sir James Dewar". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
60. "Nomination Archive – Heike Kamerlingh Onnes". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
61. "Nomination Archive – Marie Curie". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
62. "Nomination Archive – Paul Ehrlich". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
63. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for P.Ehrlich&S.Hata". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
64. "Nomination Archive – Sahachiro Hata". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
65. "Nomination Archive – William Perkin Jr". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
66. "Nomination Archive – Angelo Angeli". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
67. "Nomination Archive – Gustav Tammann". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
68. "Nomination Archive – Fritz Haber". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
69. "Nomination Archive – Hilaire de Chardonnet". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
70. "Nomination Archive – Philippe Barbier". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
71. "Nomination Archive – Georges Urbain". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
72. "Nomination Archive – Richard Zsigmondy". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
73. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Küster&Marchlewski". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
74. "Nomination Archive – William Küster". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
75. "Nomination Archive – Leon Marchlewski". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
76. "Nomination Archive – Karol Olszewski". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
77. "Nomination Archive – Theodor Zincke". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
78. "Nomination Archive – Carl Harries". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
79. "Nomination Archive – Albert Recoura". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
80. "Nomination Archive – Otto Hahn". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
81. "Nomination Archive – Ernst Schmidt". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
82. "Nomination Archive – Alexander Tschirch". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
83. "Nomination Archive – Paul Walden". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
84. "Nomination Archive – Sir William Henry Bragg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
85. "Nomination Archive – Henry Moseley". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
86. "Nomination Archive – Charles Galton Darwin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
87. "Nomination Archive – Edouard Branly". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
88. "Die Dozenten der Universität Zürich (S.692) – Herzfeld Eugen" (PDF). archiv.uzh.ch (in German). Retrieved 11 November 2020.
89. "Nomination Archive – Eugen Herzfeld". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
90. "Nomination Archive – Emanuele Paterno". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
91. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Emil Abderhalden". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
92. "Nomination Archive – Emil Abderhalden". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
93. "Nomination Archive – Jean Baptiste Perrin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
94. "Nomination Archive – Theodor Svedberg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
95. "Nomination Archive – Carl Bosch". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
96. "Nomination Archive – Emile Bourquelot". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
97. "Nomination Archive – Frank Clarke". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
98. "Nomination Archive – Felix Ehrlich". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
99. "Nomination Archive – Joseph Eder". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
100. "Nomination Archive – Amé Pictet". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
101. "Nomination Archive – Knut Jacob Beskow". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
102. "Nomination Archive – Arthur Ramén". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
103. "Nomination Archive – Philippe-Auguste Guye". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
104. "Nomination Archive – Amé Pictet". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
105. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for H.Hamburger&S.P.L.Sørensen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
106. "Nomination Archive – Hartog Hamburger". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
107. "Nomination Archive – Mikhail Tsvet". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
108. "Nomination Archive – Wilhelm Schlenk". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
109. "Nomination Archive – Martinus Beijerinck". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
110. "Nomination Archive – Edward Curtis Franklin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
111. "Nomination Archive – Niels Bohr". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
112. "Nomination Archive – Otto Fischer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
113. "Nomination Archive – Arthur Noyes". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
114. "Nomination Archive – Emilio Noelting". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
115. "Nomination Archive – Ossian Aschan". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
116. "Nomination Archive – Charles Moureu". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
117. "Nomination Archive – Sören Sörensen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
118. "Nomination Archive – Herbert Freundlich". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
119. "Nomination Archive – Moses Gomberg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
120. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Sergei Winogradsky". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
121. "Nomination Archive – Sergei Winogradsky". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
122. "Nomination Archive – Francis Aston". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
123. "Nomination Archive – Arnold Holleman". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
124. "Nomination Archive – Carl Auer von Welsbach". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
125. "Nomination Archive – Nikodem Caro". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
126. "Nomination Archive – Gilbert N. Lewis". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
127. "Nomination Archive – Henry Siedentopf". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
128. "Nomination Archive – Frederick Power". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
129. "Nomination Archive – Heinrich Wieland". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
130. "Nomination Archive – Hans von Euler-Chelpin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
131. "Nomination Archive – George de Hevesy". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
132. "Nomination Archive – Friedrich Emich". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
133. "Nomination Archive – Dirk Coster". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
134. "Nomination Archive – Lise Meitner". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
135. "Nomination Archive – André Debierne". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
136. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for John Jacob Abel". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
137. "Nomination Archive – John Jacob Abel". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
138. "Nomination Archive – Adolf Windaus". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
139. "Nomination Archive – Fritz Foerster". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
140. "Nomination Archive – Piero Ginori Conti". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
141. "Nomination Archive – Giuseppe Oddo". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
142. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Casimir Funk". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
143. "Nomination Archive – Casimir Funk". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
144. "Nomination Archive – Paul Pascal". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
145. "Nomination Archive – Irving Langmuir". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
146. "Nomination Archive – Petrus Debye". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
147. "Nomination Archive – Frederick Hopkins". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
148. "Nomination Archive – Herbert Baker". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
149. "Nomination Archive – Ernst Cohen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
150. "Nomination Archive – Kurt Peters". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
151. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Olof Hammarsten". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
152. "Nomination Archive – Olof Hammarsten". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
153. "Nomination Archive – Julius Bredt". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
154. "Nomination Archive – Niels Bjerrum". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
155. "Nomination Archive – Friedrich Adolf Paneth". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
156. "Nomination Archive – Hans Fischer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
157. "Nomination Archive – Robert Robinson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
158. "Nomination Archive – Samuel Lind". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
159. "Nomination Archive – Kasimir Fajans". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
160. "Nomination Archive – Bruno Tacke". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
161. "Nomination Archive – Arthur Harden". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
162. "Nomination Archive – Friedrich Bergius". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
163. "Nomination Archive – Sir Walter Norman Haworth". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
164. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for G.Barger&Ch.Harington". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
165. "Nomination Archive – George Barger". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
166. "Nomination Archive – Charles Harington". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
167. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Alfred Hess&Steenbock". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
168. "Nomination Archive – Alfred Hess". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
169. "Nomination Archive – Kurt Bennewitz". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
170. "Nomination Archive – Johannes van Laar". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
171. "Nomination Archive – Alfred Stock". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
172. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Carl Neuberg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
173. "Nomination Archive – Carl Neuberg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
174. "Nomination Archive – Frédéric Swarts". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
175. "Nomination Archive – Max Bodenstein". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
176. "Nomination Archive – Otto Ruff". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
177. "Nomination Archive – Victor Goldschmidt". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
178. "Nomination Archive – Johannes Brönsted". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
179. "Nomination Archive – Charles Dufraisse". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
180. "Nomination Archive – Otto Warburg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
181. "Nomination Archive – Percy Bridgman". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
182. "Nomination Archive – Carl F. Schmidt". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
183. "Nomination Archive – Arnold Eucken". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
184. "Nomination Archive – Karl-Friedrich O Bonhoeffer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
185. "Nomination Archive – Leopold Ruzicka". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
186. "Nomination Archive – Hermann Staudinger". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
187. "Nomination Archive – Karl von Auwers". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
188. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Werner Schulemann". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
189. "Nomination Archive – Werner Schulemann". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
190. "Nomination Archive – Frederick Donnan". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
191. "Nomination Archive – Peter Klason". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
192. "Nomination Archive – James Irvine". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
193. "Nomination Archive – Werner Kuhn". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
194. "Nomination Archive – Paul Karrer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
195. "Nomination Archive – Richard Kuhn". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
196. "Nomination Archive – Otto Diels". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
197. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Gustav Embden". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
198. "Nomination Archive – Gustav Embden". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
199. "Nomination Archive – Walter Noddack". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
200. "Nomination Archive – Artturi Virtanen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
201. "Nomination Archive – Ernst Späth". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
202. "Nomination Archive – Emil Votocek". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
203. "Nomination Archive – Ida Noddack". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
204. "Nomination Archive – Harold Clayton Urey". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
205. "Nomination Archive – Adolf Butenandt". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
206. "Nomination Archive – Jaroslav Heyrovský". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
207. "Nomination Archive – Louis Maillard". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
208. "Nomination Archive – Edward Washburn". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
209. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Fritz Kögl". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
210. "Nomination Archive – Fritz Kögl". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
211. "Nomination Archive – Erik Hägglund". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
212. "Nomination Archive – Frédéric Joliot". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
213. "Nomination Archive – Irène Joliot-Curie". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
214. "Nomination Archive – Enrico Fermi". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
215. "Nomination Archive – George Curme". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
216. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Phoebus Levene". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
217. "Nomination Archive – Phoebus Levene". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
218. "Nomination Archive – Colin Fink". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
219. "Nomination Archive – Max Bergmann". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
220. "Nomination Archive – William Giauque". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
221. "Nomination Archive – Kurt Alder". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
222. "Nomination Archive – William Arthur Bone". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
223. "Nomination Archive – Jacob Heslinga". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
224. "Nomination Archive – Henri ter Meulen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
225. "Nomination Archive – Otto Hönigschmid". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
226. "Nomination Archive – Jens Möller". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
227. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Umetaro Suzuki". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
228. "Nomination Archive – Umetaro Suzuki". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
229. "Nomination Archive – Wojciech Swiętosławski". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
230. "Nomination Archive – Hugo Theorell". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
231. "Nomination Archive – Marc Tiffeneau". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
232. "Nomination Archive – Arthur Binz". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
233. "Nomination Archive – Curt Räth". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
234. "Nomination Archive – Franz Fischer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
235. "Nomination Archive – Fritz Hofmann". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
236. "Nomination Archive – Gustaf Komppa". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
237. "Nomination Archive – Paul Harteck". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
238. "Nomination Archive – Fritz London". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
239. "Nomination Archive – George Stanley". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
240. "Nomination Archive – Jacob Böeseken". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
241. "Nomination Archive – William Harkins". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
242. "Nomination Archive – Victor Henri". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
243. "Nomination Archive – Vladimir Ipatieff". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
244. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Arthur Stoll". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
245. "Nomination Archive – Arthur Stoll". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
246. "Nomination Archive – Georg Bredig". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
247. "Nomination Archive – Francesco Giordani". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
248. "Nomination Archive – Paul Job". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
249. "Nomination Archive – Maurice Piettre". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
250. "Nomination Archive – Dorothy Wrinch". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
251. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Fr.Bawden&N.Pirie". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
252. "Nomination Archive – Frederick Bawden". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
253. "Nomination Archive – Norman Pirie". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
254. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Conrad Elvehjem". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
255. "Nomination Archive – Conrad Elvehjem". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
256. "Nomination Archive – Ernest Fourneau". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
257. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Robley Cook Williams". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
258. "Nomination Archive – Robley Cook Williams". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
259. "Nomination Archive – Linus Pauling". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
260. "Nomination Archive – Fritz Weigert". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
261. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Tréfouël". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
262. "Nomination Archive – Jacques Tréfouël". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
263. "Nomination Archive – Christopher Kelk Ingold". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
264. "Nomination Archive – John Howard Northrop". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
265. "Nomination Archive – James Sumner". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
266. "Nomination Archive – Paul Niggli". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
267. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Rudolf Schoenheimer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
268. "Nomination Archive – Rudolf Schoenheimer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
269. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Moses Kunitz". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
270. "Nomination Archive – Moses Kunitz". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
271. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Donald Van Slyke". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
272. "Nomination Archive – Donald Van Slyke". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
273. "Nomination Archive – Albert Portevin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
274. "Nomination Archive – René Wurmser". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
275. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for J.W.Cook&E.L.Kennaway". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
276. "Nomination Archive – Ernest Lawrence Kennaway". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
277. "Nomination Archive – James Wilfred Cook". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
278. "Nomination Archive – Walter Heinrich Heitler". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
279. "Nomination Archive – Tadeusz Reichstein". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
280. "Nomination Archive – Vincent du Vigneaud". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
281. "Nomination Archive – Harry Steenbock". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
282. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Edward Dodds". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
283. "Nomination Archive – Edward Dodds". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
284. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Karl Paul Link". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
285. "Nomination Archive – Karl Paul Link". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
286. "Nomination Archive – Klaus Clusius". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
287. "Nomination Archive – Henry Eyring". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
288. "Nomination Archive – Arne Westgren". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
289. "Nomination Archive – Glenn Theodore Seaborg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
290. "Nomination Archive – Robert Burns Woodward". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
291. "Nomination Archive – Hans Adolf Krebs". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
292. "Nomination Archive – Hugh Taylor". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
293. "Nomination Archive – William Doering". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
294. "Nomination Archive – Alexander Frumkin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
295. "Nomination Archive – Nikolay Nikolaevich Semenov". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
296. "Nomination Archive – Cyril Norman Hinshelwood". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
297. "Nomination Archive – Arne Tiselius". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
298. "Nomination Archive – Henri Devaux". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
299. "Nomination Archive – Leo Szilard". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
300. "Science Museum Group – J R Geigy SA". collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
301. "Encyclopaedia Britannica – Ciba-Geigy AG (Swiss pharmaceutical company)". britannica.com. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
302. "Nomination Archive – S A Geigy". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
303. "Base de données des élites suisses – Läuger, Paul". unil.ch (in French). Retrieved 11 November 2020.
304. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Paul Läuger". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
305. "Nomination Archive – Paul Läuger". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
306. "Nomination Archive – Otto Robert Frisch". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
307. "Nomination Archive – Edwin McMillan". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
308. "Nomination Archive – Philip Abelson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
309. "Nomination Archive – Paul Lebeau". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
310. "Nomination Archive – David Rittenberg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
311. "Nomination Archive – Alfred Misrky". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
312. "Nomination Archive – Paul Rabe". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
313. "Nomination Archive – Gerhard Dickel". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
314. "Nomination Archive – Joseph Kennedy". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
315. "Nomination Archive – Pierre Armand Jacquet". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
316. "Nomination Archive – Morris Kharasch". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
317. "Nomination Archive – Roger Adams". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
318. "Nomination Archive – Johan Arvid Hedvall". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
319. "Nomination Archive – Hans Lebrecht Meerwein". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
320. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Ch.Werkman&H.G.Wood". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
321. "Nomination Archive – Chester Werkman". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
322. "Nomination Archive – Harland Wood". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
323. "Nomination Archive – Alexander Robertus Todd". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
324. "Nomination Archive – Edward Kendall". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
325. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Edwin Joseph Cohn". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
326. "Nomination Archive – Edwin Joseph Cohn". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
327. "Nomination Archive – Domingo Giribaldo". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
328. "Nomination Archive – George Heise". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
329. "Nomination Archive – George Dyson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
330. "Nomination Archive – Friedrich Richter". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
331. "Nomination Archive – Karl Miescher". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
332. "Nomination Archive – A J Kluyver". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
333. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Ralph Walter Wyckoff". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
334. "Nomination Archive – Ralph Walter Wyckoff". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
335. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for David Keilin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
336. "Nomination Archive – David Keilin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
337. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Karl Folkers". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
338. "Nomination Archive – Karl Folkers". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
339. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Michael Heidelberger". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
340. "Nomination Archive – Michael Heidelberger". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
341. "Nomination Archive – Walter Reppe". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
342. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for William Rose". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
343. "Nomination Archive – William Rose". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
344. "Nomination Archive – Archer Martin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
345. "Nomination Archive – Richard Synge". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
346. "Nomination Archive – Melvin Calvin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
347. "Nomination Archive – Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
348. "Nomination Archive – Robert Sanderson Mulliken". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
349. "Nomination Archive – Paul Flory". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
350. "Nomination Archive – Selman Waksman". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
351. "Nomination Archive – Fritz Lipmann". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
352. "Nomination Archive – George Wells Beadle". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
353. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Edward Joseph Conway". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
354. "Nomination Archive – Edward Joseph Conway". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
355. "Nomination Archive – Thérèse Tréfouël". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
356. "Nomination Archive – Gladwyn Buttle". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
357. "Nomination Archive – Arthur Wahl". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
358. "Nomination Archive – John Hamaker". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
359. "Nomination Archive – Glenn E Sheline". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
360. "Nomination Archive – Louis Werner". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
361. "Nomination Archive – Wendell Latimer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
362. "Nomination Archive – Isadore Perlman". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
363. "Nomination Archive – Paul Kirk". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
364. "Nomination Archive – Raphael Consden". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
365. "Nomination Archive – Arthur Gordon". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
366. "Nomination Archive – Kaj Ulrik Linderstrøm-Lang". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
367. "Nomination Archive – Hermann Irving Schlesinger". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
368. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Choh Hao Li". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
369. "Nomination Archive – Choh Hao Li". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
370. "Nomination Archive – Burris Bell Cunningham". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
371. "Nomination Archive – Willard Frank Libby". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
372. "Nomination Archive – Max Ferdinand Perutz". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
373. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Rudolph Peters". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
374. "Nomination Archive – Rudolph Peters". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
375. "Nomination Archive – Yasuhiko Asahina". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
376. "Nomination Archive – Ian Morris Heilbron". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
377. "Nomination Archive – Axel Lindh". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
378. "Nomination Archive – Frederick Sanger". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
379. "Nomination Archive – Frits Zernike". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
380. "Nomination Archive – Alexander Braunstein". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
381. "Nomination Archive – Claude Hudson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
382. "Nomination Archive – Walther Kossel". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
383. "Nomination Archive – Erich Müller". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
384. "Nomination Archive – Francis Simon". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
385. "Nomination Archive – William Hume-Rothery". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
386. [elprize.org/nomination/archive/show.php?id=13704 "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Lyman Craig"] Check |url= value (help). NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
387. "Nomination Archive – Lyman Craig". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
388. "Nomination Archive – Marguerite Perey". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
389. "Nomination Archive – Walter Hieber". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
390. "Nomination Archive – Emilio Segrè". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
391. "Nomination Archive – Öjvind Winge". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
392. "Nomination Archive – Izaak Kolthoff". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
393. "Nomination Archive – Edward Lawrie Tatum". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
394. "Nomination Archive – Karl Ziegler". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
395. "Nomination Archive – Giulio Natta". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
396. "Nomination Archive – George Porter". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
397. "Nomination Archive – Lars Onsager". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
398. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Louis Fieser". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
399. "Nomination Archive – Louis Fieser". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
400. "Nomination Archive – Josef Mattauch". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
401. "Nomination Archive – Félix Trombe". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
402. "Nomination Archive – Martin David Kamen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
403. "Nomination Archive – Max Volmer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
404. "Nomination Archive – John Clarke Slater". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
405. "Nomination Archive – Fritz Feigl". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
406. "Nomination Archive – Severo Ochoa". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
407. "Nomination Archive – Georges Lemaître". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
408. "Nomination Archive – Joan Folkes". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
409. "Nomination Archive – Ernest Gale". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
410. "Nomination Archive – Friedrich Emil Brauns". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
411. "Nomination Archive – Boris Arbuzov". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
412. "Nomination Archive – Alexander Arbuzov". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
413. "Nomination Archive – Heinz Fraenckel-Conrat". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
414. "Nomination Archive – Jannik Bjerrum". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
415. "Nomination Archive – Karl Johann Freudenberg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
416. "Nomination Archive – Marietta Blau". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
417. "Nomination Archive – Paul Charpentier". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
418. "Nomination Archive – Charles Coryell". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
419. "Nomination Archive – Friedrich Hund". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
420. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Oswald Theodore Avery". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
421. "Nomination Archive – Oswald Theodore Avery". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
422. "Nomination Archive – Colin Munro MacLeod". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
423. "Nomination Archive – Maclyn McCarty". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
424. "Nomination Archive – Maurice-Marie Janot". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
425. "Nomination Archive – Alexandre Vladimiravitche Palladine". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
426. "Nomination Archive – Eric Keightley Rideal". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
427. "Nomination Archive – G L Stadnikov". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
428. "Nomination Archive – Bernard Horecker". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
429. "Nomination Archive – Erich Hückel". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
430. "Nomination Archive – Carl Wagner". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
431. "Nomination Archive – Charles Wagner". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
432. "Nomination Archive – C Wagner". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
433. "Nomination Archive – Luis Federico Leloir". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
434. "Nomination Archive – Gerhard Herzberg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
435. "Nomination Archive – Vladimir Prelog". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
436. "Nomination Archive – Georg Wittig". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
437. "Nomination Archive – Maria Goeppert-Mayer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
438. "Nomination Archive – Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
439. "Nomination Archive – Bogdan Kamienski". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
440. "Nomination Archive – Max Mousseron". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
441. "Nomination Archive – Yoshiyuki Toyama". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
442. "Nomination Archive – Yevgeny Konstantinovich Zavoisky". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
443. "Nomination Archive – Gerold Karel Schwarzenbach". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
444. "Nomination Archive – Herman Mark". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
445. "Nomination Archive – Hermann Mark". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
446. "Nomination Archive – Jean Brachet". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
447. "Nomination Archive – John Kendrew". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
448. "Nomination Archive – Arthur Kornberg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
449. "Nomination Archive – Feodor Lynen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
450. "Nomination Archive – Francis Owen Rice". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
451. "Nomination Archive – Gunter Scheibe". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
452. "Nomination Archive – Frederick Rossini". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
453. "Nomination Archive – M J Chedin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
454. "Nomination Archive – Bror Holmberg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
455. "Nomination Archive – David Green". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
456. "Nomination Archive – Michael Polanyi". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
457. "Nomination Archive – Egon Wiberg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
458. "Nomination Archive – William Pfann". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
459. "Nomination Archive – Walter Schottky". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
460. "Nomination Archive – Derek Harold Richard Barton". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
461. "Nomination Archive – Odd Hassel". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
462. "Nomination Archive – Ilya Prigogine". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
463. "Nomination Archive – James Watson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
464. "Nomination Archive – Francis Crick". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
465. "Nomination Archive – Maurice Wilkins". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
466. "Nomination Archive – Alfred Hershey". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
467. "Nomination Archive – Wilhelm Gerhard Burgers". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
468. "Nomination Archive – Martin Deutsch". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
469. "Nomination Archive – Roger Williams". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
470. "Nomination Archive – Andrew Benson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
471. "Nomination Archive – Howard Cary". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
472. "Nomination Archive – Arnold Orville Beckman". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
473. "Nomination Archive – Josef Engl". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
474. "Nomination Archive – Joseph Massolle". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
475. "Nomination Archive – Hans Vogt". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
476. "Nomination Archive – Martha Chase". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
477. "Nomination Archive – Alfred Grierer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
478. "Nomination Archive – Gerhard Schramm". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
479. "Nomination Archive – John Aston". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
480. "Nomination Archive – Manfred Eigen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
481. "Nomination Archive – Ronald George Wreyford Norrish". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
482. "Nomination Archive – Konrad Bloch". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
483. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Torbjörn Caspersson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
484. "Nomination Archive – Torbjörn Caspersson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
485. "Nomination Archive – Leslie Orgel". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
486. "Nomination Archive – Pierre Van Rysselberghe". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
487. "Nomination Archive – Efraim Racker". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
488. "Nomination Archive – Robert Corey". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
489. "Nomination Archive – Georges Léon Chaudron". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
490. "Nomination Archive – Lars Gunnar Sillén". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
491. "Nomination Archive – Britton Chance". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
492. "Nomination Archive – Johannes Bijvoet". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
493. "Nomination Archive – Harry George Drickamer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
494. "Nomination Archive – Daniel Arnon". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
495. "Nomination Archive – Ernst Otto Fischer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
496. "Nomination Archive – Louis Néel". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
497. "Nomination Archive – Nikolay Vasilyevich Belov". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
498. "Nomination Archive – Peter Pauson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
499. "Nomination Archive – Maurice Stacey". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
500. "Nomination Archive – Tadeusz Urbanski". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
501. "Nomination Archive – Karl-Wolfgang Mundry". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
502. "Nomination Archive – Clemens Schöpf". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
503. "Nomination Archive – Sanichiro Mizushima". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
504. "Nomination Archive – Alexander Vinogradov". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
505. "Nomination Archive – Louis Plack Hammett". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
506. "Nomination Archive – Carl Djerassi". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
507. "Nomination Archive – Herbert Brown". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
508. "Nomination Archive – Har Gobind Khorana". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
509. "Nomination Archive – James Baddiley". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
510. "Nomination Archive – Ludwig August Wilhelm Geilmann". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
511. "Nomination Archive – Dionyz Ilkovic". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
512. "Nomination Archive – Noel Slater". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
513. "Nomination Archive – Gunnar Blix". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
514. "Nomination Archive – Ernst Klenk". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
515. "Nomination Archive – John Monteath Robertson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
516. "Nomination Archive – Edgar Bright Wilson Jr". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
517. "Nomination Archive – Stanley Bruckenstein". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
518. "Nomination Archive – Alberte Pullman". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
519. "Nomination Archive – Bernard Pullman". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
520. "Nomination Archive – Fritz Arndt". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
521. "Nomination Archive – Neil Bartlett". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
522. "Nomination Archive – Alfred Champagnat". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
523. "Nomination Archive – Saul Winstein". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
524. "Nomination Archive – Charles Coulson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
525. "Nomination Archive – Edmund Hirst". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
526. "Nomination Archive – Alexander Ivanovich Oparin". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
527. "Nomination Archive – Gopalasamudram Narayana Iyer Ramachandran". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
528. "Nomination Archive – Frantisek Sorm". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
529. "Nomination Archive – E F Terroine". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
530. "Nomination Archive – K Yamafuji". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
531. "Nomination Archive – P C Zamecnik". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
532. "Nomination Archive – G M Schwab". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
533. "Nomination Archive – Arthur Holmes". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
534. "Chicago Tribune – JOHN G. MALM". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
535. "Nomination Archive – J Malm". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
536. "ASA/CSCA Member Obituaries – Howard H. Claassen". asa3.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
537. "Nomination Archive – Howard Claassen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
538. "Nomination Archive – Howard Classen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
539. "Journal of Fluorine Chemistry – Henry Selig-Obituary" (PDF). journals.elsevier.com. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
540. "Nomination Archive – H Selig". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
541. "Nomination Archive – Efraim Katchalski-Kazir". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
542. "Nomination Archive – Bernd Theodor Matthias". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
543. "Nomination Archive – John Warcup Cornforth Jr". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
544. "Nomination Archive – Jacques Monod". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
545. "Nomination Archive – J Jacob". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
546. "Nomination Archive – Guadalupe Ortiz de Landázuri". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
547. "Nomination Archive – Kathleen Lonsdale". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
548. "Nomination Archive – Paul Doughty Bartlett". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
549. "Nomination Archive – Erwin Chargaff". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
550. "Nomination Archive – G I Arnon". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
551. "Nomination Archive – Salomon Cohen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
552. "Russian Journal of Electrochemistry – To the Centenary of O.K. Davtyan". link.springer.com. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
553. "Nomination Archive – O K Davtjan". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
554. "Nomination Archive – Ulick Richardson Evans". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
555. "Nomination Archive – Otto Kratky". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
556. "Nomination Archive – S G Mason". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
557. "Nomination Archive – Iwan Nikolov Stranski". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
558. "Nomination Archive – Geoffrey Ingram Taylor". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
559. "Nomination Archive – A Guinier". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
560. "Nomination Archive – Henrik Gunnar Lundegårdh". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
561. "Nomination Archive – Rudolf Hoppe". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
562. "Chemical & Engineering News – Obituary: Leonard Mortenson". cen.acs.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
563. "Nomination Archive – L E Mortenson". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
564. "Nomination Archive – R C Valentine". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
565. "Nomination Archive – J E Carnahan". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
566. "Nomination Archive – Charles Prévost". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
567. "Nomination Archive – Jean Roche". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
568. "Nomination Archive – Alan Walsh". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
569. "Nomination Archive – G Popjak". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
570. "Nomination Archive – Albert Eschenmoser". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
571. "Nomination Archive – Alfred Rieche". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
572. "Nomination Archive – Rudolf Criegee". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
573. "Nomination Archive – Marshall Warren Nirenberg". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
574. "Nomination Archive – Robert William Holley". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
575. "Nomination Archive – Stanford Moore". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
576. "Nomination Archive – William H Stein". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
577. "Nomination Archive – Richard Barrer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
578. "Nomination Archive – Motivation for Bernard Halpern". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
579. "Nomination Archive – Bernard Halpern". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
580. "Sudetendeutsche Akademieder Wissenschaften und Künste – Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Kurt Hannig". sudetendeutsche-akademie.eu (in German). Retrieved 11 November 2020.
581. "Nomination Archive – K Hannig". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
582. "Nomination Archive – James Franklin Hyde". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
583. "Nomination Archive – Arthur Lüttringhaus". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
584. "Nomination Archive – Edwin Theodore Mertz". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
585. "Nomination Archive – Robert Schwyzer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
586. "Nomination Archive – T R Seshadri". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
587. "Nomination Archive – Kenneth Pitzer". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
588. "Nomination Archive – Sol Spiegelman". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
589. "Nomination Archive – Laurens L M van Deenen". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.
590. "Catalogus Professorum – Prof.dr. G. Horrëus de Haas". profs.library.uu.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 11 November 2020.
591. "Nomination Archive – G H de Haas". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 11 November 2020.