List of monarchs who were Freemasons

This is a list of monarchs who were Freemasons, and lists individual monarchs chronologically under the countries they ruled, monarchs who ruled more than one country are listed under the one they are most known for, or the dominant nation in a personal union (i.e. Christian X listed under Denmark and not Iceland). Those, listed below were members of a Freemason Lodge at sometime during their lives. Some, like Alexander I of Russia, would later outlaw Freemasonry in their territories, while others would continue supporting the organization for the rest of their lives.

King Christian X of Denmark in Masonic regalia.

Andorra

• Jules Grévy[1][2]
• Alexandre Millerand[3]
• Gaston Doumergue[2][4][5]
• Paul Doumer - Grand Secretary of the Grand Orient of France (1892)[6][7][8]

Anhalt-Köthen

Friedrich-Ferdinand

Afghanistan

• Habibullah Khan[9][10]

Baden

• Karl Friedrich - Grandmaster of the National Lodge of Baden

Bavaria

• Maximilian I Joseph

Belgium

• Leopold I

Bikaner

• Ganga Singh[11]

Brandenburg-Ansbach

• Karl Wilhelm Friedrich
• Karl Alexander, Amicus eminens et protector ordinis in Franconia.

Brandenburg-Bayreuth

• Friedrich
• Friedrich Christian

Brazil

• Pedro I

Breslau

• Philipp Gotthard von Schaffgotsch
• Joseph Christian Franz zu Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Bartenstein

Brunswick

• Karl I
• Ferdinand[12]

Bulgaria

Alexander I

Carnatic

• Ghulam Husain Ali Khan[13]

Cooch Behar

• Nripendra Narayan[14]

Courland

• Karl Christian Joseph - Superior

et Protector Ordinis in Saxonia[15]

Denmark

• Fredrik V
• Fredrik VI
• Christian IX
• Fredrik VII
• Christian VIII, Grandmaster of the Danish Order of Freemasons.
• Fredrik VIII
• Christian X

Egypt

• Tawfiq[16]
• Abbas II
• Hussein Kamel
• Fuad I
• Farouk

Frankfurt

• Eugène de Beauharnais, Grand Master of the Grand Orient of Italy (1805 - 1814), Grand Commander of the Supreme Council of Italy[12]

Ghana

• Ofori Atta I, Okyenhene or King of Akyem Abuakwa, 1912 – 1943
• Azzu Mate Kole II, Konor of the Manya Krobo Traditional Area, 1939 – 1990
• Osei Tutu Agyeman Prempeh II, Asantehene, 1931 – 1970
• Oyeeman Wereko Ampem II - Gyaasehene of Akuapem and Amanokromhene 1975 - 2005
• Otumfuo Osei Tutu II, Asantehene, 1999 – present, Grand Patron, Grand Lodge of Ghana and Sword Bearer, United Grand Lodge of England

Greece

• Geórgios I
• Konstantínos I
• Geórgios II

Gwalior

• Jiwajirao Scindia[17]

Germany

• Wilhelm I[15]
• Friedrich III - Master of the Order, Grand Landlodge of the Freemasons of Germany[15]

Hanover

• Ernst August - Grandmaster of the Grandlodge of Hanover
• Georg V - Protector of Freemasonry in Hanover, Grandmaster of the Grandlodge of Hanover

Hawaii

• Kamehameha IV
• Kamehameha V[18]
• Kalākaua[19]

Hesse-Darmstadt

• Ludwig VIII
• Ludwig X

Holland

• Lodewijk I - Deputy Grand Master of the Grand Orient of France (1805).

Holy Roman Empire

• Franz I[20][21][22][23]

Hyderabad

• Mir Osman Ali Khan

Jaipur

• Bhawani Singh

Johor

• Ibrahim Al-Masyhur

Jordan

• Al-Ḥusayn ibn Ṭalāl[24]

Mascara

• Abd al-Qādir ibn Muḥyiddīn

Mecklenburg-Schwerin

• Friedrich Ludwig

Mecklenburg-Strelitz

• Adolph Friedrich IV
• Karl II - Patron of the united Lodges of the dominions of the Electorate of Brunswick, Duchy of Mecklenburg, Principalities of Münster-Waldeck and Hildesheim

Mexico

• Augustin I
• Maximilian I[25]

Moldavia

• Constantin Mavrocordat[26]
• Mihai Draco Suțu[26]
• Alexandru Ipsianti[26]

Montenegro

• Petar II Petrović-Njegoš[27]

Mysore

• Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar[28][11]

Naples

• Gioacchino I

Netherlands

• Willem II[29]

Norway

• Haakon VII

Ottoman Empire

• Murad V[30][31]

Pataudi

• Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi[11][17]

Patiala

• Bhupinder Singh[14]

Perak

• Idris Shah II

Poland

Stanisław II August

Prussia

• Friedrich II[32][33][15]
• Friedrich Wilhelm II[15]
• Friedrich Wilhelm III[15]

Rampur

• Raza Ali Khan - Grandmaster of the Grand Lodge of India.[13]

Reuss-Lobenstein

• Heinrich LXXII

Romania

• Alexandru Ioan I
• Carol II

Russia

• Aleksandr I

Sarawak

• James Brooke[34]

Saxe-Coburg-Gotha

• Ernst II

Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg

• Johann Adolf
• Ernst II

Saxe-Meiningen

• Karl Friedrich III
• Karl Wilhelm
• Georg I Friedrich Karl

Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach

• Karl August

Serbia

• Mihailo III[35][36]
• Aleksander[35]
• Petar I[27]

Sikh Empire

• Duleep Singh[11][37]

Spain

• José I - Grand Master of the Grand Orient of France (1805).[38]
• Amadeo I[39]

Sweden

• Adolf Fredrik - Master of a Stockholm lodge.
• Gustaf III - Vicar of Solomon.[40]
• Karl XIII - Grandmaster of the Swedish Order of Freemasons, and Army Master of the Order of Strict Observance.
• Karl XIV Johan - Grandmaster of the Swedish Order of Freemasons, and of the Norwegian Order of Freemasons.
• Oscar I - Grandmaster of the Swedish Order of Freemasons, and of the Norwegian Order of Freemasons.
• Karl XV - Grandmaster of the Swedish Order of Freemasons, and of the Norwegian Order of Freemasons.
• Oscar II - Grandmaster of the Swedish Order of Freemasons, and of the Norwegian Order of Freemasons.
• Gustaf V - Grandmaster of the Swedish Order of Freemasons.
• Gustaf VI Adolf - Grandmaster of the Swedish Order of Freemasons.

United Kingdom

George VI

• George IV – Grand Master of the Premier Grand Lodge of England, 1790–1813[41]
• William IV[41]
• Edward VII – Grand Master of the United Grand Lodge of England, 1874–1901[41]
• Edward VIII[41]
• George VI – Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Scotland, 1936–37[41]
• James VI - Fellowcraft Freemason Lodge Scoon and Perth No. 3 in Perth 1601-25

Wallachia

• Scarlat Ghica[26]
• Grigore II Ghica[26]
• Alexandru Moruzi[42]

Westphalia

• Jérôme I - Grand Master of the Grand Orient of Westphalia.

Wurttemberg

• Friedrich II Eugen
• Friedrich I

Yugoslavia

• Aleksandar I[36]

References

1. Daniel Ligou. Dictionnaire de la Franc-Maçonnerie. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2006.
2. Marc de Jode, Monique Cara and Jean-Marc Cara (eds.). Dictionnaire universelle de la Franc-Maçonnerie. Larousse, 2011.
3. Initiated in ""L'Amitiée Lodge"" on may 21st of 1883 (Histoire de la Franc-maçonnerie en France - Faucher and Ricker 1967)
4. Dictionnaire de la Franc-Maçonnerie (Daniel Ligou, Presses Universitaires de France, 2006)
5. Ce que la France doit aux francs-maçons (Laurent KUPFERMAN, Emmanuel PIERRA, ed. Grund, 2012)
6. Dictionnaire de la Franc-Maçonnerie, page 363 (Daniel Ligou, Presses Universitaires de France, 2006)
7. Dictionnaire universelle de la Franc-Maçonnerie, page 245 (Marc de Jode, Monique Cara and Jean-Marc Cara, ed. Larousse, 2011)
8. Histoire de la Franc-Maçonnerie française (Pierre Chevallier, ed. Fayard, 1975)
9. http://nationalheritagemuseum.typepad.com/library_and_archives/2008/10/amir-habibullah.html
10. McMahon, Henry A (1939). An Account of the Entry of H. M. Habibullah Khan Amir of Afghanistan into Freemasonry. London, UK: Favil Press, Ltd.
11. http://www.masonindia.in/index.php/some-very-well-known-indian-freemasons/
12. Denslow, William R (1957). 10,000 Famous Freemasons. Columbia, Missouri, USA: Missouri Lodge of Research.
13. http://www.masonindia.in/index.php/freemasonry-comes-to-india/
14. http://shillonglodge61.org/famous%20indian%20masons.htm
15. Speth, George William. Royal Freemasons. Masonic Publishing Company, 1885, pp. 24-29.
16. Tarik Sabry, Layal Ftouni. Arab Subcultures: Transformations in Theory and Practice. London: I.B.Tauris, 2016.
17. http://www.dglbombay.org/famous-indian-masons/
18. http://phoenixmasonry.org/kamehameha.htm
19. "The New Palace". The Pacific Commercial Advertiser. Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands. January 3, 1880. Retrieved January 16, 2017 – via Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress.
20. http://mdmasons.org/about-md-masons/famous-masons/
21. Audrey Carpenter, John Theophilus Desaguliers: A Natural Philosopher, Engineer and Freemason in Newtonian England, (London : Continuum, 2011), ISBN 978-1-4411-2778-5, p. 47
22. Maclolm Davies, The masonic muse : songs, music, and musicians associated with Dutch freemasonry, 1730–1806. (Utrecht : Koninklijke Vereniging voor Nederlandse Muziekgeschiedenis, 1995), ISBN 90-6375-199-0, pp. 22–23
23. "In Mozart's Vienna, Freemasonry had flourished under the Habsburgs mainly due to the influence of Francis Stephen, Duke of Lorraine, who, himself, was a Freemason." Wolfgang Amedeus Mozart – Master Mason Archived 13 November 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
24. http://www.mastermason.com/toowoombalodge132/Famous%20Masons.html
25. Thomas C. Wright, Latin America since Independence: Two Centuries of Continuity and Change, Rowman & Littlefield 2017, p. 77.
26. http://www.masonicforum.ro/no-55/ruslan-sevcenco-the-history-of-masonry-in-moldova-1733-1812/
27. http://www.lodge.rs/en/known_masons/
28. http://masonicpaedia.org/showarticle.asp?id=14
29. https://www.vrijmetselarij.nl/Vrijmetselarij/Historie-Nederland
30. http://162.243.49.51/web/03_turkiye.html#5 Archived 13 April 2014 at the Wayback Machine
31. http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/sociopolitica/templars/knights_templars04.htm
32. Arthur Edward Waite (2013). A New Encyclopedia of Freemasonry, Volume I. Cosimo, Inc. pp. 287–8. ISBN 9781602066403.
33. James Van Horn Melton (2001). The Rise of the Public in Enlightenment Europe. Cambridge University Press. p. 267. ISBN 9780521469692.
34. Long, S. (1995, December 8). Hush-hush world of the Freemasons. The Straits Times, p. 8. Retrieved from NewspaperSG.
35. http://www.skirret.com/papers/freemasonry_in_yugoslavia.html
36. https://www.uvls.org.rs/famous_fm.html
37. http://www.freemasonrytoday.com/features/the-life-of-a-british-maharaja
38. Ross, Michael. The Reluctant King: Joseph Bonaparte, King of the two Sicilies and Spain. London, Mason/Charter, 1977, pp. 34-35.
39. Causing, J, 1969, Freemasonry in the Philippines: a comprehensive history of Freemasonry during a period of 209 struggling, glorious years 1756-1965, GT Printers, Cebu City, Philippines.
40. Denslow, Wm. R. (1958). 10,000 Famous Freemasons. St. Louis, Mo: Missouri Lodge of Research
41. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2018-03-24.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
42. "Penelea Filitti, p. 61."

See also

• List of Presidents of the United States who were Freemasons
• List of Freemasons