List of icebreakers

This is a list of icebreakers and other special icebreaking vessels (except cargo ships and tankers) capable of operating independently in ice-covered waters. Ships known to be in service are presented in bold.[1][2]

Argentina

• ARA General San Martín (1954–1982)
• ARA Almirante Irízar (1978–2007, 2017–)
• ARA Bahía Paraíso (1980–1989; sank in Antarctica)

Australia

• Aurora Australis (1990–2020; decommissioned)
• Nuyina (2020– (planned); under construction)[3]

Austria

• Eisvogel (1955–)
• Röthelstein (1995–)

Azerbaijan

• Kapitan A. Radzhabov (1992–1999; laid up)[4]

Canada

Canadian Coast Guard

CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent in Halifax Harbour

• CGS Northern Light (1876–1890; sold)
• CGS Stanley (1888–1935; broken up)
• CGS Earl Grey (1909–1914; sold to Russia)[5]
• CGS Mikula (1916; 1923–1937; ex-J.D. Hazen, ex-Mikula Seleaninovich; broken up)[5]
• CCGS Saurel (1929–1967; broken up)[5]
• CCGS N.B. McLean (1930–1979; broken up)
• CCGS Ernest Lapointe (1939–1978; museum ship)
• CCGS D'Iberville (1952–1983; broken up)
• CCGS Labrador (1954–1987; broken up)
• CCGS Alexander Henry (1959–1984; museum ship)
• CCGS John A. Macdonald (1960–1991; broken up)
• CCGS Louis S. St-Laurent (1969–)
• CCGS Griffon (1970–)
• Pierre Radisson class
  • CCGS Pierre Radisson (1977–)
  • CCGS Amundsen (1979–)
  • CCGS Des Groseilliers (1982–)
  • CCGS Henry Larsen (1987–)
• Samuel Risley class
  • CCGS Samuel Risley (1985–)
  • CCGS Earl Grey (1986–)
• Martha L. Black class
  • CCGS Martha L. Black (1986–)
  • CCGS George R. Pearkes (1986–)
  • CCGS Sir Wilfrid Laurier (1986–)
  • CCGS Edward Cornwallis (1986–)
  • CCGS Sir William Alexander (1987–)
  • CCGS Ann Harvey (1987–)
• CCGS Terry Fox (1991–)
• Interim icebreakers
  • CCGS Captain Molly Kool (2018–; ex-Vidar Viking)[6]
  • CCGS Jean Goodwill (2020–; ex-Balder Viking)[6][7]
  • CCGS Vincent Massey (2020– (planned); ex-Tor Viking)[6][7]
• CCGS John G. Diefenbaker (2020s– (planned); proposed)

Royal Canadian Navy

• HMCS Labrador (1954–1961; transferred to Coast Guard)
• Harry DeWolf-class offshore patrol vessel
  • HMCS Harry DeWolf (2021– (planned); delivered but not commissioned)
  • HMCS Margaret Brooke (under construction)
  • HMCS Max Bernays (under construction)
  • HMCS William Hall (under construction)
  • HMCS Frédérick Rolette (ordered)
  • HMCS Robert Hampton Gray (ordered)

Commercial

• Canmar Kigoriak (1979–2003; sold to Russia)
• Robert LeMeur (1982–1997; sold to China)
• Terry Fox (1983–1991; leased and later sold to the Canadian Coast Guard)
• Arctic Kalvik (1983–2003; sold to Russia)
• Ikaluk (1983–1998; Canmar Ikaluk since 1995; sold to Russia)
• Miscaroo (1983–1998; Canmar Miscaroo since 1995; sold to Russia)
• Arctic Ivik (1985–1997; sold and later converted to survey vessel Geco Snapper)
• Polar S (2000–; ex-Njord, ex-Polar Star; laid up in Canary Islands due to receivership of Polar Star Expeditions in 2011)[8]
• Polar Prince (2000–; ex-Sir Humphrey Gilbert)
• Arcticaborg (2018–2019)

China

Polar Research Institute of China

• Xuě Lóng (雪龙, "Snow Dragon") (1993–)
• Xuě Lóng 2 (雪龙2, "Snow Dragon 2") (2019–)

People's Liberation Army Navy

• Type 071 icebreaker
  • Haibing 721 (海冰721, "Sea Ice 721") (1971–; in reserve)
  • Haibing 722 (海冰722, "Sea Ice 722") (1973–2013; decommissioned)
  • Haibing 519 (海冰519, "Sea Ice 519") (1989–)
• Type 210 icebreaker
  • Haibing 723 (海冰723, "Sea Ice 723") (1982–)
• Type 272 icebreaker
  • Haibing 722 (海冰722, "Sea Ice 722") (2016–)
  • Haibing 723 (海冰723, "Sea Ice 723") (2016–)

Commercial

• Bin Hai 293 (滨海293, "Coastal 293") (1997–2016; ex-Robert LeMeur; broken up)[9]
• Beijing Ocean Leader (2018–; ex-Ikaluk, ex-Smit Sibu, ex-Canmar Ikaluk)

Chile

• Piloto Pardo (1959–1997; sold to private buyer)[10]
• Almirante Óscar Viel (1995–; ex-Norman McLeod Rogers)
• Antártica 1 (2024– (planned); under construction)[11]

Denmark

Danbjørn, Isbjørn and Thorbjørn moored at Frederikshavn

• Bryderen (1884–1947; sold to Poland; broken up in 1960)
• Isbjørn (1923–1965)[12]
• Lillebjørn (1926–1968)[12]
• Storebjørn (1931–1974; broken up)[12]
• Elbjørn (1954–1996; used as a restaurant ship until sold for scrap in 2019)[13]
• Danbjørn (1965–2013; laid up and listed for sale)[14]
• Isbjørn (1966–2013; laid up and listed for sale)[14]
• Thorbjørn (1980–2015; sold to private company)[15]

Estonia

Estonian Maritime Museum

• Suur Tõll (1922–1940; museum ship in Tallinn since 1987)

Estonian Maritime Administration

• Tarmo (1993–; purchased from Finland)
• EVA 316 (1995–; ex-Lonna; purchased from Finland)

Port of Tallinn

• Karu (1988–2002; ex-Karhu, ex-Kapitan Chubakov; purchased from Finland and sold to Russia)
• Botnica (2012–; purchased from Finland)

Finland

Steam-powered

Steam-powered icebreakers Tarmo and Jääkarhu

• Murtaja (1890–1958; broken up)
• Sampo (1898–1960; broken up)
• Apu (1899–1959; broken up)
• Tarmo (1907–1970; museum ship in Kotka since 1992)
• Wäinämöinen (1918–1922; handed over to Estonia)
• Ilmarinen (1918–1922; handed over to the Soviet Union)
• Voima (1924–1945; handed over to the Soviet Union)
• Jääkarhu (1926–1945; handed over to the Soviet Union)

Diesel-electric

Six modern Finnish icebreakers docked for the summer season at Katajanokka, Helsinki

• Sisu (1939–1974; as Louhi in the Finnish Navy until 1986; broken up)
• Voima (1954–)
• Karhu class
  • Karhu (1958–1986; sold to the Soviet Union)
  • Murtaja (1959–1986; broken up)
  • Sampo (1960–1987; today owned by the city of Kemi and used for tourist cruises)
• Tarmo class
  • Tarmo (1963–1993; sold to Estonia)
  • Varma (1968–1994; sold to Latvia)
  • Apu (1970–2006; sold to Russia)
• Hanse (1966–1998; sold to Greece; wrecked off Tunisia)
• Urho class
  • Urho (1975–)
  • Sisu (1976–)
• Otso class
  • Otso (1986–)
  • Kontio (1987–)
• Fennica (1993–)
• Nordica (1994–)
• Botnica (1998–2012; sold to Estonia)
• Polaris (2016–)

Finnish Navy

• Louhi (1975–1986; ex-Sisu; broken up)
• Louhi (2011–)

Alfons Håkans

• Zeus of Finland (1995–; ex-Zeus)
• Thetis (2016–; ex-Maersk Shipper, ex-Maersk Placentia)
• Hermes (2016–; ex-Drive Mahone, ex-Maersk Mahone, ex-Maersk Server; laid up)

France

French Navy

• L'Astrolabe (2017–)[16]

Compagnie du Ponant

• Le Commandant Charcot (2021– (planned); under construction)[17]

Other

• L'Astrolabe (1988–2017; decommissioned)

Germany

German icebreaker

• Elbe (1911–??; museum ship)
• Hindenburg (1916–1918; sunk by mine)
• Stettin (1933–1981; museum ship)
• Wal (1938–1990; museum ship)
• Castor (1941–1945; sunk by mine but later raised by the Soviet Union)
• Eisvogel (1942–1945; handed over to the Soviet Union)
• Eisbär (1942–1946; handed over to the Soviet Union)
• Pollux (1943–1945; sunk by mine)
• Eisvogel class
  • Eisvogel (1961–2006; sold)
  • Eisbär (1961–1997; sold)
• Stephan Jantzen (1967–2005; museum ship)[18]
• Polarstern (1982–)
• Mellum (1983–)
• Neuwerk (1997–)
• Arkona (2004–)

India

• Indian Polar Research Vessel (IPRV) is expected to enter service in the 2020s.[19][20][21]

Italy

• Laura Bassi (2019–)[22]

Japan

Imperial Japanese Navy

• Ōtomari (1921–1945)

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

• Fuji (AGB-5001) (1965–1985; museum ship)
• Shirase (AGB-5002) (1981–2008; sold to Weathernews)
• Shirase (AGB-5003) (2008–)

Japan Coast Guard

• Sōya (PL107) (1938–1978; museum ship)
• Sōya (PHL01) (1978–)
• Teshio (PM 15) (1995–)

Kazakhstan

The following icebreaking supply ships are operating or have operated in the Kazakh Caspian Sea oil fields:

• Arcticaborg (1998–2018; sold to Canada)
• Antarcticaborg (1998–2019; sold to Russia)
• Tulpar (2002–)
• Mangystau 1 (2010–)
• Mangystau 2 (2010–)
• Mangystau 3 (2011–)
• Mangystau 4 (2011–)
• Mangystau 5 (2011–)

Latvia

• Krišjānis Valdemārs (1925–1941; sunk)
• Varma (1994–)[23]
• Foros (2015–)[24]

Netherlands

Greenpeace

• Arctic Sunrise (1995–)

Norway

• NoCGV Svalbard (2001–)
• Kronprins Haakon (2018–)

Poland

• Perkun (1963–1993; broken up)

Russia

Icebreakers

The following lists include icebreakers owned and/or operated by both government-owned as well as commercial entities.

Nuclear-powered icebreakers

Russian nuclear-powered icebreaker Yamal

• Lenin (1959–1989; museum ship in Murmansk)
• Arktika class
  • Arktika (1975–2008; decommissioned)[25]
  • Sibir (1977–1992; decommissioned)[25]
  • Rossiya (1985–2013; decommissioned)[25][26]
  • Sovetskiy Soyuz (1990–2014; decommissioned)[27][28]
  • Yamal (1992–)
  • 50 Let Pobedy (2007–)
• Taymyr class
  • Taymyr (1989–)
  • Vaygach (1990–)
• Project 22220
  • Arktika (2020–)[29]
  • Sibir (2021– (planned); under construction)[30]
  • Ural (2022– (planned); under construction)[30]
  • Yakutiya (2024– (planned); under construction)[31]
  • Chukotka (2026– (planned); under construction)[32]
• Project 10510
  • Rossiya (2027– (planned); under construction)

Diesel-powered icebreakers

Kapitan Khlebnikov en route to Wrangel Island

• Wind class
  • Severny Veter (1944–1951; ex-USCGC Staten Island; returned to the United States)
  • Severniy Polyus (1945–1951; ex-USS Westwind; returned to the United States)
  • Admiral Makarov (1945–1949; ex-USCGC Southwind; returned to the United States)
• Kapitan Belousov class
  • Kapitan Belousov (1954–1991; sold to Ukraine)[33]
  • Kapitan Voronin (1955–1996; broken up)[34]
  • Kapitan Melekhov (1956–1994; broken up)[35]
• Moskva class
  • Moskva (1959–1998; broken up)[36]
  • Leningrad (1960–1993; broken up)[37]
  • Kiev (1965–1993; broken up)[38]
  • Murmansk (1968–1995; broken up)[39]
  • Vladivostok (1969–1997; broken up)[40]
• Project 97 (including variants)
  • Dobronya Nikitich (1960–1998)[41]
  • Purga (1961–2012)[42]
  • Vasiliy Pronchishchev (1961–1989; ex-Ledokol-1; broken up)[43]
  • Anafasy Nikitin (1962–1995; ex-Ledokol-2; broken up)[44]
  • Khariton Laptev (1962–1996; ex-Ledokol-3; broken up)[45]
  • Vyuga (1962–1991)[46]
  • Vasiliy Poyarkov (1963–1988; ex-Ledokol-4; broken up)[47]
  • Yerofey Khabarov (1963–1993; ex-Ledokol-5; broken up)[48]
  • Ivan Kruzenstern (1964–; ex-Ledokol-6)[49]
  • Vladimir Rusanov (1964–1988; ex-Ledokol-7; broken up)[50]
  • Semyon Chelyuskin (1965–1988; ex-Ledokol-8; sold to Vietnam; broken up)[51]
  • Ilya Muromets (1965–1993)[52]
  • Yuriy Lisyanskiy (1965–; ex-Ledokol-9)[53]
  • Buran (1966–)[54]
  • Fyodor Litke (1970–2013; broken up)[55]
  • Ivan Moskvitin (1971–1997; broken up)[56]
  • Semyon Dezhnev (1971–)[57]
• Ermak class
  • Ermak (1974–)
  • Admiral Makarov (1975–)
  • Krasin (1976–)
• Kapitan M. Izmaylov class
  • Kapitan M. Izmaylov (1976–)
  • Kapitan Kosolapov (1976–)
  • Kapitan A. Radzhabov (1976–1992; transferred to Azerbaijan)
• Kapitan Sorokin class
  • Kapitan Sorokin (1977–; fitted with Thyssen-Waas bow in 1991)
  • Kapitan Nikolaev (1978–; rebuilt in 1990)
  • Kapitan Dranitsyn (1980–)
  • Kapitan Khlebnikov (1981–)
• Kapitan Chechkin class
  • Kapitan Chechkin (1977–)
  • Kapitan Plakhin (1977–)
  • Kapitan Chadaev (1978–)
  • Kapitan Krutov (1978–)
  • Kapitan Bukaev (1978–)
  • Kapitan Zarubin (1978–)
• Mudyug class
  • Mudyug (1982–; fitted with Thyssen-Waas bow in 1986)
  • Magadan (1982–)
  • Dikson (1983–)
• Kapitan Evdokimov class
  • Kapitan Evdokimov (1983–)
  • Kapitan Babichev (1983–)
  • Kapitan Chudinov (1983–)
  • Kapitan Borodkin (1983–)
  • Avraamiy Zavenyagin (1984–)
  • Kapitan Mecaik (1984–)
  • Kapitan Deminov (1984–)
  • Kapitan Moshkin (1986–)
• Tor (2000–; purchased from Sweden)[58]
• Karu (2002–2020; ex-Karhu, ex-Kapitan Chubakov; purchased from Estonia)
• Dudinka (2006–; ex-Apu; purchased from Finland)
• Project 21900
  • Moskva (2008–)
  • Sankt-Peterburg (2009–)
• Baltika (2014–)
• MPSV06
  • Beringov Proliv (2015–)[59]
  • Murman (2015–)[59]
  • Kerchenskiy Proliv (under construction)[60]
• Project 21900M
  • Vladivostok (2015–)
  • Murmansk (2015–)[61]
  • Novorossiysk (2016–)[62]
• Ob (2019–)[63]
• Georgiy Sedov (2019–; ex-Antarcticaborg; purchased from Kazakhstan)
• Viktor Chernomyrdin (2020–)[64]
• Unnamed Project 21900M2 icebreaker (2023– (planned); under construction)[65]

Steam-powered icebreakers

Steam-powered icebreaker Yermak

• Pilot (1864–1890; broken up?)
• Ledokol 1 (1890–1915; later converted to a gunboat)[66][67][68]
• Ledokol 2 (1895–1923; hander over to Latvia)[66]
• Saratovskiy Ledokol (1895–1968; sunk)[69]
• Nadeshnyy (1897–1924; later converted to a gunboat)[66]
• Yermak (1899–1963; broken up)
• Gaydamak (1898–1930; broken up)[66]
• Ledokol 3 (1899–1923; broken up)[66][70]
• Ledokol IV (1907–1942; sunk by Germans)[66]
• A. Sibiryakov (1909–1942; sunk by Germans)
• Vaygach (1909–1918; sank in 1918)
• Taymyr (1909–1950s?; broken up)
• Silatch (1910–1918, 1922–late 1950s; broken up)
• Malygin (1912–1940; sunk in 1940)
• Volynets (1914–1918, 1940–1985; ex-Tsar' Mikhail Fyodorovich, ex-Wäinämöinen, ex-Suur Tõll; sold to Estonia in 1987)
• Fyodor Litke (1914–1958; ex-CGC Earl Grey; broken up)
• Georgiy Sedov (1915–1967; ex-Beothic (1909–1915); broken up)
• Sadko (1915–1941; ex-Lintrose (1912–1915); sank in 1941)
• Mikula Seleaninovich (1916–1918)[66]
• Ledokol V (1916–1941; sank in 1941)[71]
• Ledokol VI (1916–1961; broken up)[72]
• Ledokol VII (1916–1954; broken up)[73]
• Ledokol VIII (1917–1961; broken up)[74]
• Ledokol IX (1917–1932; sank in White Sea)[75]
• Krasin (1917–1971; extensively rebuilt in 1953–1960, now a museum ship in St. Petersburg)
• Lenin (1917–1968; broken up)
• Stepan Makarov (1917–1941; sunk)
• Toros (1929–1964)[66]
• Sibir (1938–1973; ex-I. Stalin (−1961); broken up)
• Admiral Lazarev (1938–1967; ex-L. Kaganovich (−1951); broken up)
• Admiral Makarov (1941–1967; ex-V. Molotov (−1956); broken up)
• A. Mikoyan (1941–1968; broken up)
• Malygin (1945–1970; ex-Voima; broken up)
• Sibiryakov (1945–1972; ex-Jääkarhu; broken up)
• Alyosha Popovich (1945–1970; ex-Eisvogel; decommissioned and abandoned off Russky Island)
• Ilya Muromets (1946–1979; ex-Eisbär; broken up in 1981)[76]
• Peresvet (1951–1980; ex-Castor; decommissioned and abandoned off Reyneke Island)

Offshore vessels

The following are Russian-owned, -operated and/or -flagged icebreaking anchor handling tug supply vessels, platform supply vessels, standby vessels etc. engaged primarily in offshore oil and gas projects:

• Ikaluk (1998–2018; ex-Ikaluk; ex-Canmar Ikaluk; ex-Smit Sibu; sold to China)
• Smit Sakhalin (1998–2017; ex-Miscaroo; ex-Canmar Miscaroo; broken up)
• Kigoriak (2003–; ex-Canmar Kigoriak, ex-Kigoria, ex-Talagy)[77]
• Vladimir Ignatyuk (2003–; ex-Arctic Kalvik)[78]
• SCF Sakhalin (2005–)
• SCF Enterprise (2006–; ex-Pacific Enterprise)
• SCF Endeavour (2006–; ex-Pacific Endeavour)
• SCF Endurance (2006–; ex-Pacific Endurance)
• Polar Pevek (2006–)
• Yury Topchev (2006–)
• Vladislav Strizhov (2006–)
• Toboy (2008–)
• Varandey (2008–)
• Vidar Viking (2012–2016; charter under Russian flag)[79]
• Vitus Bering (2012–)
• Aleksey Chirikov (2013–)
• Aleut (2015–)[80]
• Pomor (2016–)
• Normann (2016–)
• Gennadiy Nevelskoy (2017–)
• Stepan Makarov (2017–)
• Fedor Ushakov (2017–)
• Yevgeny Primakov (2018–)
• Aleksandr Sannikov (2018–)[81]
• Andrey Vilkitsky (2018–)[82]
• Katerina Velikaya (under construction)[83]
• Svyataya Mariya (under construction)[83]
• Aleksandr Nevskiy (under construction)[83]
• Vladimir Monomakh (under construction)[83]

In addition, the following shallow-draught icebreaking offshore vessels operate in the Russian sector of the Caspian Sea oil fields:

• Arctic (2012–)[84]
• Bumi Uray (2015–)[85]
• Bumi Pokachi (2015–)[85]
• Bumi Naryan-Mar (2015–)[85]
• Antarctic (2017–)[84]
• Polar (2021– (planned); under construction)[86][87]
• Polus (2021– (planned); ordered)[88]
• Arkada (2021– (planned); ordered)[89]

Patrol and naval vessels

The following vessels are or have been in service with the Russian Navy and its predecessors:

• Project 97 (including variants)
  • Sadko (1968–)[90]
  • Peresvet (1970–2011; broken up)[91]
  • Ivan Susanin class (Project 97P)
    • Ivan Susanin (1973–)[92]
    • Aysberg (1974–2006; broken up)[93]
    • Ruslan (1975–)[94]
    • Anadyr (1976–2019; ex-Dnepr; ex-Imeni XXV syezda KPSS; broken up)[95]
    • Dunay (1977–2017; broken up)[96]
    • Neva (1978–)[97]
    • Volga (1980–)[98]
    • Murmansk (1981–2013; ex-Imeni XXVI syezda KPSS; ex-Irtysh; broken up)
• Ilya Muromets (2017–)[99]
• Project 23550
  • Ivan Papanin (2023– (planned); under construction)[100]
  • Nikolay Zubov (2024– (planned); under construction)
  • Purga (2024– (planned); under construction)[101]
  • Fourth unnamed vessel (ordered)
• Yevpaty Kolovrat (2022– (planned); under construction)[102]

Research and survey vessels

• Pyotr Pakhtusov (1966–1998; ex-Mendeleev; ex-Ledokol-10; broken up)[103]
• Georgiy Sedov (1967–1992; broken up)[104]
• Vladimir Kavrayskiy (1969–2012; used as stationary floating barracks PKZ-86)[105]
• Mikhail Somov (1975–)[106]
• Otto Schmidt (1979–1991; broken up)[107]
• Akademik Fedorov (1987–)[108]
• Akademik Tryoshnikov (2012–)[109]

South Africa

• S. A. Agulhas (1977–)
• S. A. Agulhas II (2012–)

South Korea

• Araon (2009–)

Soviet Union

See Russia

Spain

• Hesperides (1991–)

Sweden

Swedish Maritime Administration

Swedish icebreaker Ymer

• Sankt Erik (1915–1977; ex-Isbrytaren II (−1959); museum ship since 1977)
• Atle (1926–1967; ex-Statsisbrytaren (−1931); broken up)[110]
• Ymer (1933–1977; broken up)[111]
• Thule (1953–1998; broken up)[112]
• Oden (1957–1988; broken up)[113]
• Tor (1964–2000; sold to Russia)[58]
• Njord (1969–2000; sold and renamed Polar Star)[114]
• Ale (1973–)
• Atle class
  • Atle (1974–)
  • Frej (1975–)
  • Ymer (1977–)
• Oden (1988–)

Trans Viking Icebreaking & Offshore

Three icebreaking anchor handling tug supply vessels were chartered by the Swedish Maritime Administration for escort icebreaking duties in the Baltic Sea until 2015.

• Tor Viking II (2000–2015; as Tor Viking under Norwegian flag until 2003)[115]
• Balder Viking (2000–2015)
• Vidar Viking (2001–2012; contract ended prematurely)[79]

Ukraine

• Kapitan Belousov (1991–)[33]

United Kingdom

HMS Protector

• HMS Endurance (1990–2008; broken up)[116]
• RRS James Clark Ross (1991–)[117]
• RRS Ernest Shackleton (1995–2019; sold to Italy)[118]
• HMS Protector (2011–)[119]
• RRS Sir David Attenborough (2020–)[120]

United States

United States Coast Guard

USCGC Polar Star (WAGB-10)

USCGC Healy

• USCGC Mackinaw (WAGB-83) (1944–2006; museum ship)
• Wind class
  • USCGC Staten Island (WAGB-278) (1944–1974; ex-Severny Veter; ex-Northwind; broken up)
  • USCGC Eastwind (WAGB-279) (1944–1968; broken up in 1976–1977)
  • USCGC Southwind (WAGB-280) (1944–1974; ex-Admiral Makarov; ex-Atka; broken up in 1976)
  • USCGC Westwind (WAGB-281) (1944–1988; ex-Severniy Polyus; broken up)
  • USCGC Northwind (WAGB-282) (1945–1989; broken up in 1999)
  • USCGC Burton Island (WAGB-283) (1946–1978; broken up in 1982)
  • USCGC Edisto (WAGB-284) (1947–1974; broken up in 1980)
• USCGC Glacier (WAGB-4) (1955–1987; broken up in 2012)
• Polar class
  • USCGC Polar Star (WAGB-10) (1977–2006, 2013–)
  • USCGC Polar Sea (WAGB-11) (1978–2010; inactive)
• USCGC Healy (WAGB-20) (2000–)
• USCGC Mackinaw (WLBB-30) (2006–)
• A new Polar Security Cutter is expected to enter service in the 2020s.[121]

National Science Foundation

• Nathaniel B. Palmer (1992–)[122]
• Laurence M. Gould (1997–)[123]
• Sikuliaq (2014–)

Edison Chouest Offshore

• Aiviq (2012–)

References

1. Ilmari Aro (17 November 2008). "THE WORLD ICEBREAKER AND ICEBREAKING SUPPLY VESSEL FLEET" (PDF). Baltic Icebreaking Management. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 7 April 2010.
2. Major icebreakers of the world. USCG Office of Waterways and Ocean Policy. Retrieved 2012-11-25.
3. Icebreaker name a nod to indigenous. Yahoo! New Zealand, 29 September 2017. Retrieved 2017-09-29.
4. "Kapitan A. Radzhabov (7406332)". Sea-web. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
5. Ships of the CCG 1850–1967 Archived 2009-09-13 at WebCite. Canadian Coast Guard. Retrieved 2012-11-28.
6. "Canada Acts on Icebreaker Shortage". The Maritime Executive. 6 July 2018. Retrieved 21 July 2018.
7. "SHIPPING NEWS: Halifax's ice-free status nearly on the rocks". The Chronicle Herald. 19 March 2019. Retrieved 29 March 2019.
8. Potential buyer: Once-valued ship now good only for scrap. Business Herald, 22 November 2011. Retrieved 2014-01-18.
9. Shipbreaking Bulletin of information and analysis on ship demolition #46, from October 1 to December 31, 2016. Robin Des Bois, 31 January 2017. Retrieved 2016-02-12.
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