List of craters on Mars: H–N
This is a partial list of craters on Mars. There are hundreds of thousands of impact craters on Mars, but only some of them have names. This list here only contains named Martian craters starting with the letter H – N (see also lists for A – G and O – Z).
Large Martian craters (greater than 60 kilometers in diameter) are named after famous scientists and science fiction authors; smaller ones (less than 60 km in diameter) get their names from towns on Earth. Craters cannot be named for living people, and small crater names are not intended to be commemorative – that is, a small crater isn't named after a specific town on Earth, but rather its name comes at random from a pool of terrestrial place names, with some exceptions made for craters near landing sites.[2] Latitude and longitude are given as planetographic coordinates with west longitude.
H
I
Crater | Coordinates | Diameter (km) | Approval date | Named after | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Iazu | 2.69°S 5.2°W | 6.8 | 2006 | Romania place name | WGPSN |
Ibragimov | 25.7°S 59.7°W | 86.0 | 1982 | Nadir Baba Ogly Ibragimov | WGPSN |
Igal | 20.3°S 249.2°W | 8.6 | 1991 | Hungary place name | WGPSN |
Ikej | 21.2°N 247.6°W | 4.7 | 1988 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Imgr | 19.4°N 248.9°W | 3.0 | 1988 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Innsbruck | 6.5°S 40.0°W | 61.1 | 1976 | Innsbruck, Austria | WGPSN |
Ins | 24.8°N 251.2°W | 2.8 | 1988 | Switzerland place name | WGPSN |
Inta | 24.6°S 25.2°W | 16.2 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Inuvik | 78.7°N 28.6°W | 20.5 | 1988 | Inuvik, Canada | WGPSN |
Irbit | 24.6°S 25.0°W | 13.3 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Irharen | 34.8°N 219.2°W | 6.5 | 1991 | Algeria place name | WGPSN |
Isil | 27.3°S 272.2°W | 82.0 | 1991 | Spain place name | WGPSN |
Istok | 45.4°S 85.8°W | 4.8 | 2014 | Kosovo place name | WGPSN |
Izamal | 3.78°N 1.62°E | 57.5 | 2018 | Izamal, Mexico | WGPSN |
Izendy | 29.2°S 101.5°W | 23.5 | 1991 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
J
K
Crater | Coordinates | Diameter (km) | Approval date | Named after | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kachug | 18.4°N 252.5°W | 4.7 | 1988 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Kagoshima | 47.6°N 224.4°W | 1.5 | 1979 | Kagoshima, Japan | WGPSN |
Kagul | 24.0°S 19.1°W | 8.5 | 1976 | Moldova place name | WGPSN |
Kāid | 4.5°S 44.8°W | 8.5 | 1976 | Iraq place name | WGPSN |
Kaiser | 46.6°S 340.9°W | 207.0 | 1973 | Frederik Kaiser | WGPSN |
Kaj | 27.3°S 29.4°W | 1.8 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Kakori | 41.8°S 29.9°W | 29.7 | 1976 | Kakori, India | WGPSN |
Kaliningrad | 48.8°N 225.1°W | 1.2 | 1979 | Kaliningrad, Russia | WGPSN |
Kalocsa | 6.9°N 7.0°W | 35.2 | 2008 | Hungary place name | WGPSN |
Kalpin | 8.93°N 141.27°W | 52 | 2018 | Town in China | WGPSN |
Kamativi | 20.7°S 260.1°W | 59.0 | 1991 | Zimbabwe place name | WGPSN |
Kamloops | 53.8°S 32.6°W | 65.0 | 1991 | Kamloops, British Columbia, Canada | WGPSN |
Kamnik | 37.22°S 161.91°W | 10.2 | 2009 | Slovenia place name | WGPSN |
Kampot | 42.1°S 45.7°W | 13.0 | 1976 | Cambodia place name | WGPSN |
Kanab | 27.5°S 19.0°W | 15.0 | 1976 | USA (Utah) place name | WGPSN |
Kandi | 32.73°S 238.0°W | 8.5 | 2009 | Benin place name | WGPSN |
Kankossa | 11.83°S 304.46°E | 16.5 | 2017 | Town in Mauritania | WGPSN |
Kansk | 20.8°S 17.3°W | 34.3 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Kantang | 24.7°S 17.6°W | 54.8 | 1976 | Kantang District, Trang, Thailand | WGPSN |
Kaporo | 0.12°S 14.35°E | 42.7 | 2018 | Kaporo, Malawi | WGPSN |
Karpinsk | 45.9°S 32.2°W | 29.8 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Karshi | 23.5°S 19.4°W | 22.3 | 1976 | Uzbekistan place name | WGPSN |
Kartabo | 41.2°S 52.5°W | 20.0 | 1976 | Guyana place name | WGPSN |
Karzok | 18.36°N 131.9°W | 15.6 | 2006 | Kashmir place name | WGPSN |
Kasabi | 28.1°S 271.0°W | 43.0 | 1991 | Zambia place name | WGPSN |
Kashira | 27.3°S 18.4°W | 68.5 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Kasimov | 24.9°S 23.0°W | 91.3 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Kasra | 22.2°N 256.4°W | 3.6 | 1988 | Tunisia place name | WGPSN |
Katoomba | 79.11°S 232.33°W | 53.0 | 2006 | Australia (New South Wales) place name | WGPSN |
Kaup | 22.9°N 33.2°W | 3.3 | 1976 | Papua New Guinea place name | WGPSN |
Kaw | 16.6°N 255.8°W | 11.2 | 1976 | French Guiana place name | WGPSN |
Kayne | 15.7°S 186.6°W | 34.9 | 1997 | Botswana place name | WGPSN |
Keeler | 61.0°S 151.3°W | 95.0 | 1973 | James Edward Keeler | WGPSN |
Kem' | 45.3°S 33.0°W | 3.3 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Kenge | 16.36°S 102.95°E | 6 | 2018 | Kenge, Democratic Republic of the Congo | WGPSN |
Kepler | 47.1°S 219.1°W | 233.0 | 1973 | Johannes Kepler | WGPSN |
Keren | 21.2°N 22.5°W | 28.7 | 2012 | Eritrea place name | WGPSN |
Keul' | 46.3°N 237.9°W | 5.9 | 1979 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Khanpur | 21.0°N 258.1°W | 2.5 | 1988 | Pakistan place name | WGPSN |
Kholm | 7.3°S 42.1°W | 11.6 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Khurli | 21.1°S 247.1°W | 8.9 | 1991 | Pakistan place name | WGPSN |
Kibuye | 29.13°S 178.29°W | 7.4 | 2010 | Rwanda place name | WGPSN |
Kifrī | 46.0°S 54.4°W | 15.0 | 1976 | Iraq place name | WGPSN |
Kilkhampton | 17.52°N 336.7°W | 16 | 2019 | Kilkhampton, England | WGPSN |
Kilmia | 24.04°S 59.48°W | 7 | 2018 | Kilmia, Yemen | WGPSN |
Kimry | 20.4°S 16.4°W | 21.6 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Kin | 20.4°N 33.5°W | 8.3 | 1976 | Japan place name | WGPSN |
Kinda | 26.0°S 105.2°W | 14.0 | 1991 | Dem. Rep Congo place name | WGPSN |
Kingston | 22.3°N 47.1°W | 0.7 | 1979 | Kingston, Jamaica | WGPSN |
Kinkora | 25.2°S 247.2°W | 54.3 | 1991 | Kinkora, Canada | WGPSN |
Kipini | 26.1°N 31.6°W | 73.6 | 1976 | Kipini, Kenya | WGPSN |
Kirs | 26.6°S 19.5°W | 3.0 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Kirsanov | 22.4°S 25.2°W | 15.5 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Kisambo | 34.4°N 89.0°W | 15.8 | 1991 | Dem. Rep. Congo place name | WGPSN |
Kita | 23.0°S 17.2°W | 10.2 | 1976 | Mali place name | WGPSN |
Knobel | 6.7°S 226.8°W | 128.6 | 1973 | Edward Knobel | WGPSN |
Koga | 29.3°S 103.8°W | 19.3 | 1991 | Tanzania place name | WGPSN |
Kok | 15.8°N 28.1°W | 6.3 | 1976 | Malaysia place name | WGPSN |
Kong | 5.4°S 38.7°W | 11.8 | 1976 | Côte d'Ivoire place name | WGPSN |
Kontum | 32.06°S 67.13°W | 22.1 | 2006 | Vietnam place name | WGPSN |
Korolev | 73.0°N 195.5°W | 84.2 | 1973 | Sergei Korolev | WGPSN |
Korph | 19.6°N 254.6°W | 7.5 | 1988 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Koshoba | 23.2°N 283.0°W | 10.3 | 2013 | Turkmenistan place name | WGPSN |
Kotido | 1°N 350.89°W | 44 | 2017 | Kotido, Uganda | WGPSN |
Kotka | 19.5°N 190.1°W | 19.5 | 2014 | Finland place name | WGPSN |
Kourou | 47.1°N 227.3°W | 2.0 | 1979 | Kourou, French Guiana | WGPSN |
Koval'sky | 30.2°S 141.5°W | 309.0 | 1985 | Marian Albertovich Kowalski | WGPSN |
Koy | 21.7°N 50.5°W | 7.1 | 1988 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Krasnoye | 36.1°N 216.2°W | 6.5 | 1991 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Kribi | 43.3°S 43.6°W | 13.7 | 1976 | Cameroon place name | WGPSN |
Krishtofovich | 48.5°S 262.8°W | 112.0 | 1982 | Afrikan Nikolaevich Krishtofovich | WGPSN |
Krupac | 7.79°S 86.01°E | 10 | 2016 | Town in the municipality of Pirot, Serbia | WGPSN |
Kuba | 25.6°S 19.7°W | 26.8 | 1976 | Azerbaijan place name | WGPSN |
Kufra | 40.7°N 239.7°W | 37.5 | 1979 | Kufra, Libya | WGPSN |
Kufstein | 36°S 57.54°W | 18.8 | 2018 | Kufstein, Austria | WGPSN |
Kuiper | 57.4°S 157.3°W | 87.0 | 1976 | Gerard Peter Kuiper | WGPSN |
Kular | 16.6°N 251.9°W | 8.1 | 1988 | Kular Range, Yakutia (Russia) | WGPSN |
Kumak | 35.8°S 68.2°W | 15.0 | 1979 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Kumara | 43.3°N 231.5°W | 12.0 | 1979 | New Zealand place name | WGPSN |
Kunes | 25.5°S 252.2°W | 15.1 | 1991 | Norway place name | WGPSN |
Kunowsky | 57.1°N 9.7°W | 67.4 | 1973 | George K. Kunowsky | WGPSN |
Kushva | 44.3°S 35.6°W | 38.3 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
L
Crater | Coordinates | Diameter (km) | Approval date | Named after | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
La Paz | 21.3°N 49.1°W | 0.6 | 1979 | La Paz, Mexico | WGPSN |
Labria | 35.3°S 48.1°W | 54.0 | 1979 | Brazil place name | WGPSN |
Lachute | 4.3°S 39.8°W | 16.1 | 1976 | Canada (Quebec) place name | WGPSN |
Laf | 48.3°N 6.0°W | 3.2 | 1976 | Cameroon place name | WGPSN |
Lagarto | 50.2°N 8.4°W | 19.5 | 1976 | Brazil place name | WGPSN |
Lamas | 27.3°S 20.7°W | 23.2 | 1976 | Peru place name | WGPSN |
Lambert | 20.2°S 334.7°W | 92.0 | 1973 | Johann Heinrich Lambert | WGPSN |
Lamont | 58.6°S 113.6°W | 76.0 | 1973 | Johann von Lamont | WGPSN |
Lampland | 35.9°S 79.6°W | 79.0 | 1973 | Carl Otto Lampland | WGPSN |
Land | 48.6°N 8.8°W | 5.4 | 1976 | USA (Alabama) place name | WGPSN |
Langtang | 38.5°S 136.0°W | 9.8 | 2016 | Nepal place name | WGPSN |
Lapri | 20.5°N 252.6°W | 3.1 | 1988 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Lar | 26.1°S 29.1°W | 7.0 | 1979 | Iran place name | WGPSN |
Lassell | 20.9°S 62.5°W | 92.0 | 1973 | William Lassell | WGPSN |
Lasswitz | 9.4°S 221.8°W | 111.0 | 1976 | Kurd Lasswitz | WGPSN |
Lau | 74.4°S 107.8°W | 104.9 | 1973 | Hans E. Lau | WGPSN |
Laylá | 61.35°S 253.0°W | 20.8 | 2007 | Saudi Arabia place name | WGPSN |
Le Verrier | 38.0°S 342.9°W | 140.0 | 1973 | Urbain Le Verrier | WGPSN |
Lebu | 20.5°S 19.5°W | 20.0 | 1976 | Chile place name | WGPSN |
Lederberg | 13.06°N 45.9°W | 87.0 | 2012 | Joshua Lederberg | WGPSN |
Leighton | 3.06°N 302.32°W | 69.0 | 2009 | Robert B. Leighton | WGPSN |
Leleque | 36.8°N 221.9°W | 8.4 | 1991 | Argentina place name | WGPSN |
Lemgo | 42.8°S 34.8°W | 16.6 | 1976 | Germany place name | WGPSN |
Lenya | 27.0°S 106.9°W | 15.5 | 1991 | Burma place name | WGPSN |
Leuk | 24.1°N 55.1°W | 3.6 | 1988 | Switzerland place name | WGPSN |
Lexington | 22.0°N 48.7°W | 5.0 | 1979 | Lexington, Massachusetts, USA | WGPSN |
Li Fan | 47.2°S 153.2°W | 104.8 | 1973 | Li Fan | WGPSN |
Liais | 75.4°S 252.8°W | 132.0 | 1973 | Emmanuel Liais | WGPSN |
Liberta | 35.6°N 55.5°W | 25.1 | 2012 | Antigua and Barbuda place name | WGPSN |
Libertad | 23.3°N 29.5°W | 31.0 | 1976 | Venezuela place name | WGPSN |
Linpu | 18.4°N 246.9°W | 18.5 | 1976 | China place name | WGPSN |
Lins | 15.9°N 29.9°W | 6.2 | 1976 | Brazil place name | WGPSN |
Lipany | 0.22°S 280.33°W | 50.1 | 2011 | Slovakia place name | WGPSN |
Lipik | 38.42°S 248.43°W | 56.0 | 2009 | Lipik, Croatia | WGPSN |
Lisboa | 21.5°N 47.7°W | 0.7 | 1979 | Lisbon, Portugal | WGPSN |
Lismore | 27.05°N 41.72°W | 9.0 | 2006 | Ireland place name | WGPSN |
Littleton | 15.9°N 252.9°W | 7.2 | 1988 | USA (Maine) place name | WGPSN |
Liu Hsin | 53.6°S 171.6°W | 137.0 | 1973 | Liu Xin | WGPSN |
Livny | 27.4°S 29.2°W | 9.2 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Llanesco | 28.5°S 101.2°W | 27.0 | 1991 | Spain place name | WGPSN |
Locana | 3.5°S 38.2°W | 6.6 | 1976 | Italy place name | WGPSN |
Lockyer | 28.0°N 199.5°W | 71.0 | 1973 | Norman Lockyer | WGPSN |
Lod | 21.2°N 31.6°W | 7.5 | 1976 | Lod, Israel | WGPSN |
Lodwar | 55.4°S 43.3°W | 16.0 | 1991 | Kenya place name | WGPSN |
Lohse | 43.7°S 16.8°W | 155.5 | 1973 | Oswald Lohse | WGPSN |
Loja | 41.5°N 223.9°W | 10.4 | 1979 | Ecuador place name | WGPSN |
Lomela | 81.8°S 56.1°W | 11.2 | 1991 | Dem. Rep. Congo place name | WGPSN |
Lomonosov | 65.2°N 9.2°W | 153.0 | 1973 | Mikhail Lomonosov | WGPSN |
Lonar | 73.21°N 321.73°W | 11.3 | 2007 | India place name | WGPSN |
Longa | 20.9°S 26.0°W | 10.4 | 1976 | Angola place name | WGPSN |
Loon | 19.0°S 246.6°W | 7.6 | 1991 | Canada (Ontario) place name | WGPSN |
López | 14.6°S 262.0°W | 85 | 2014 | Epidio López | WGPSN |
Lorica | 20.0°S 28.4°W | 67.6 | 1976 | Colombia place name | WGPSN |
Los | 35.4°S 76.3°W | 7.9 | 1979 | Sweden place name | WGPSN |
Lota | 46.7°N 11.9°W | 15.4 | 1976 | Chile place name | WGPSN |
Loto | 22.1°S 22.5°W | 22.4 | 1976 | Dem. Rep. Congo place name | WGPSN |
Louth | 70.41°N 256.88°W | 37.75 | 2007 | Ireland place name | WGPSN |
Lowbury | 42.7°N 93.1°W | 17.9 | 1991 | New Zealand place name | WGPSN |
Lowell | 52.3°S 81.4°W | 203.0 | 1973 | Percival Lowell | WGPSN |
Luba | 18.3°S 37.0°W | 38.3 | 2013 | Equatorial Guinea place name | WGPSN |
Lucaya | 11.6°S 51.9°W | 34.2 | 2013 | Bahamas place name | WGPSN |
Luck | 17.4°N 37.0°W | 7.7 | 1976 | USA (Wisconsin) place name | WGPSN |
Luga | 44.6°S 47.5°W | 45.0 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Luki | 29.8°S 37.4°W | 21.2 | 1979 | Ukraine place name | WGPSN |
Luqa | 18.22°S 228.27°W | 16.5 | 2010 | Malta place name | WGPSN |
Lutsk | 39.0°N 3.2°W | 5.0 | 1976 | Ukraine place name | WGPSN |
Luzin | 27.3°N 328.8°W | 97.0 | 1976 | Nikolai Luzin | WGPSN |
Lydda | 24.7°N 32.0°W | 36.5 | 1997 | Israel place name | WGPSN |
Lyell | 70.1°S 15.6°W | 131.0 | 1973 | Charles Lyell | WGPSN |
Lyot | 50.8°N 330.7°W | 236.0 | 1973 | Bernard Lyot | WGPSN |
M
N
Crater | Coordinates | Diameter (km) | Approval date | Named after | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Naar | 23.1°N 42.2°W | 11.4 | 1976 | Egypt place name | WGPSN |
Naic | 24.7°N 252.6°W | 8.3 | 1976 | Philippines place name | WGPSN |
Nain | 41.8°N 233.2°W | 6.8 | 1979 | Canada (Newfoundland) place name | WGPSN |
Naju | 45.3°N 237.2°W | 8.1 | 1979 | South Korea place name | WGPSN |
Nako | 29.67°S 82.93°W | 43 | 2018 | Town in Burkina Faso | WGPSN |
Nakusp | 24.72°N 35.52°W | 7.5 | 2006 | Canada (British Columbia) place name | WGPSN |
Nan | 26.9°S 20.0°W | 1.9 | 1976 | Nan Province, Thailand | WGPSN |
Nansen | 50.3°S 140.6°W | 81.0 | 1967 | Fridtjof Nansen | WGPSN |
Nardo | 27.8°S 32.9°W | 26.6 | 1976 | Italy place name | WGPSN |
Naruko | 36.25°S 161.81°W | 4.4 | 2008 | Naruko, Miyagi | WGPSN |
Naryn | 14.89°N 236.79°W | 3.7 | 2008 | Kyrgyzstan place name | WGPSN |
Naturaliste | – | – | (informal) | visited by Opportunity in 2005 | — |
Naukan | 21.5°N 30.7°W | 8.4 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Navan | 26.1°S 23.6°W | 26.5 | 1976 | Ireland place name | WGPSN |
Nazca | 31.9°S 266.4°W | 15.5 | 1991 | Peru place name | WGPSN |
Negele | 36.1°S 264.1°W | 37.8 | 1991 | Ethiopia place name | WGPSN |
Negril | 20.1°N 290.6°W | 52 | 2015 | Jamaica place name | WGPSN |
Neive | 23.4°N 253.0°W | 2.9 | 1988 | Italy place name | WGPSN |
Nema | 20.9°N 52.2°W | 15.8 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Nepa | 25.2°S 19.7°W | 15.5 | 1976 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Neukum | 44.9°S 28.4°W | 102 | 2017 | Gerhard Neukum | WGPSN |
Nereus | 02.115303°S 05.521192°W | 0.01 | (unofficial) | visited by Opportunity in 2009 | — |
Never | 23.7°N 254.3°W | 2.9 | 1988 | Russia place name | WGPSN |
Neves | 3.4°S 208.7°W | 22.1 | 2013 | São Tomé and Príncipe place name | WGPSN |
New Bern | 21.8°N 49.2°W | 0.9 | 1979 | New Bern, North Carolina, USA | WGPSN |
New Haven | 22.3°N 49.3°W | 1.0 | 1979 | New Haven, Connecticut, USA | WGPSN |
New Plymouth | 15.9°S 184.2°W | 33.3 | 2003 | USA (Idaho) place name | WGPSN |
Newcomb | 24.4°S 359.0°W | 252.0 | 1973 | Simon Newcomb | WGPSN |
Newport | 22.5°N 49.0°W | 1.8 | 1979 | Newport, Rhode Island, USA | WGPSN |
Newton | 40.8°S 158.1°W | 298.0 | 1973 | Isaac Newton | WGPSN |
Nhill | 29.0°S 103.4°W | 22.0 | 1991 | Nhill, Australia | WGPSN |
Nicholson | 0.2°N 164.6°W | 102.5 | 1973 | Seth Barnes Nicholson | WGPSN |
Nier | 43.1°N 254.0°W | 47.0 | 1997 | Alfred O. C. Nier | WGPSN |
Niesten | 28.3°S 302.3°W | 115.0 | 1973 | Louis Niesten | WGPSN |
Nif | 20.1°N 56.3°W | 8.7 | 1976 | Micronesia place name | WGPSN |
Nipigon | 34.0°N 81.9°W | 9.3 | 1991 | Nipigon, Canada | WGPSN |
Niquero | 38.8°S 166.09°W | 10.78 | 2008 | Cuba place name | WGPSN |
Nitro | 21.5°S 24.0°W | 28.7 | 1976 | USA (West Virginia) place name | WGPSN |
Njesko | 35.5°S 275.0°W | 28.0 | 1991 | Slovakia place name | WGPSN |
Noma | 25.7°S 24.4°W | 42.1 | 1976 | Namibia place name | WGPSN |
Noord | 19.49°S 11.26°W | 7.8 | 2011 | Aruba place name | WGPSN |
Nordenskiöld | 52.7°S 158.9°W | 89.0 | 1982 | Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld | WGPSN |
Northport | 18.7°N 54.6°W | 19.5 | 1988 | USA (Alabama) place name | WGPSN |
Novara | 25.1°S 10.7°W | 86.9 | 1997 | Italy place name | WGPSN |
Nqutu | 38.4°S 190.5°W | 21.0 | 2016 | Nqutu, South Africa | WGPSN |
Nune | 17.7°N 38.8°W | 8.6 | 1976 | Mozambique place name | WGPSN |
Nutak | 17.6°N 30.3°W | 11.2 | 1976 | Canada (Newfoundland) place name | WGPSN |
Nybyen | 37.02°S 343.34°E | 6.2 | 2016 | Town in Norway | WGPSN |
References
- "Mars". usgs.gov. Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature – International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). Retrieved 9 August 2017.
- "Categories for Naming Features on Planets and Satellites". usgs.gov. Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature – International Astronomical Union (IAU) Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN). Retrieved 9 August 2017.