List of anti-capitalist and communist parties with national parliamentary representation

The following is a list of communist and anti-capitalist parties with representation in national parliaments. This list does not contain communist and anti-capitalist parties previously represented in parliament. This list includes only those parties who officially call themselves communist or anti-capitalist (or socialist parties who are declared anti-capitalist) ideologically. 115 communist and anti-capitalist parties have been elected worldwide to parliament in 56 different countries in both recognized and non-recognized states. Of the 66 states listed here, 9 of them are republics ruled by a socialist, communist or anti-capitalist party, five of them are official socialist states ruled by a communist party; four of which espouse Marxism–Leninism (China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam) while the fifth (North Korea) espouses Juche.[1]

List

Country	Continent	Party	Electoral Coalition	Election	Lower house	Upper house	Official ideology
Algeria	Africa	National Liberation Front	—	2017 election	159 / 462	40 / 144	Arab nationalism Arab socialism Anti-imperialism
		Workers' Party			11 / 462	0 / 144	Trotskyism[2]
Argentina	South America	Workers' Party	Workers' Left Front	2017 election	1 / 257	0 / 72	Trotskyism
		Socialist Workers' Party			2 / 257	0 / 72	Trotskyism
Bangladesh	Asia	Workers Party of Bangladesh	Grand Alliance	2018 election	4 / 300	—	Marxism–Leninism-Maoism
		National Socialist Party			2 / 300	—	Socialism
Belarus	Europe		—	2019 election	11 / 110	17 / 64	Marxism–Leninism
		Belarusian Patriotic Party	—		2 / 110	0 / 64	Socialism
Belgium	Europe	Workers' Party of Belgium	—	2019 election	12 / 150	5 / 60	Marxism
Bolivia	South America	Movement for Socialism	—	2020 election	75 / 130	21 / 36	Socialism of the 21st century[3][4][5]
Brazil	South America	Communist Party of Brazil	—	2018 election	9 / 513	0 / 81	Marxism–Leninism[6]
		Socialism and Liberty Party	—		10 / 513	0 / 81	Democratic socialism[6]
Burkina Faso	Africa	Union for Rebirth / Sankarist Party	—	2015 election	5 / 127	—	Sankarism
		Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba	—		1 / 127	—	Communism
Chile	South America	Democratic Revolution	Broad Front	2017 election	10 / 155	1 / 43	Democratic socialism
		Communist Party of Chile	New Majority		8 / 155	0 / 43	Marxism–Leninism[7]
		Humanist Party	Broad Front		5 / 155	0 / 43	Democratic socialism
		Citizen Power	Broad Front		1 / 155	0 / 43	Socialism of the 21st century
		Equality Party	Broad Front		1 / 155	0 / 43	Anti-capitalism
		Progressive Party	For All Chile		1 / 155	0 / 43	Democratic socialism
		País	For All Chile		0 / 155	1 / 43	Socialism
China	Asia	Communist Party of China	United Front	2017–2018 election	2,119 / 2,980	—	Marxism–Leninism Socialism with Chinese characteristics[8] Xi Jinping Thought
Colombia	South America	Alternative Democratic Pole	—	2018 election	2 / 166	5 / 102	Democratic socialism
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Africa	Unified Lumumbist Party	—	2018 election	17 / 500	2 / 108	Lumumbism
Costa Rica	North America	Broad Front	—	2018 election	1 / 57	—	Socialism of the 21st century
Cyprus	Europe	Progressive Party of Working People	—	2016 election	16 / 56	—	Marxism–Leninism
Czech Republic	Europe	Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia	—	2017—2016 elections	15 / 200	0 / 81	Communism[9][10]
Denmark	Europe	Red–Green Alliance	—	2019 election	13 / 179	—	Eco-socialism[11]
		Socialist People's Party	—		14 / 179	—	Democratic socialism
		Inuit Ataqatigiit	—		1 / 179	—	Democratic socialism
Ecuador	South America	Citizen Revolution Movement	—	2017 election	30 / 137	—	Socialism of the 21st century
		Pachakutik	—		4 / 137	—	Socialism
Finland	Europe	Left Alliance	—	2019 election	16 / 200	—	Democratic socialism
France	Europe	French Communist Party	—	2017 election	12 / 577	12 / 348	Eurocommunism
		La France Insoumise	—		17 / 577	1 / 348	Democratic socialism
		Left Party	La France Insoumise		8 / 577	0 / 348	Democratic socialism
		Ensemble!	—		2 / 577	0 / 348	Eco-socialism
		Communist Party of Réunion	Alliance of the Overseas		0 / 577	1 / 348	Socialism
Germany	Europe	The Left	—	2017 election	69 / 709	5 / 69	Democratic socialism
Greece	Europe	Communist Party of Greece	—	2019 election	15 / 300	—	Marxism–Leninism
		Syriza	—		86 / 300	—	Democratic socialism[12]
Guatemala	North America	Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity	—	2019 election	3 / 158	—	Revolutionary socialism[13]
		Movement for the Liberation of Peoples	—		1 / 158	—	Socialism
		Winaq	—		4 / 158	—	Democratic socialism
Guyana	South America	People's Progressive Party	—	2020 election	33 / 65	—	Democratic socialism
Honduras	North America	Liberty and Refoundation	—	2017 election	30 / 128	—	Democratic socialism
		Democratic Unification Party	—		1 / 128	—	Socialism
Iceland	Europe	Left-Green Movement	—	2017 election	11 / 63	—	Eco-socialism
India	Asia	Communist Party of India	United National Progressive Alliance	2019 election	2 / 545	2 / 245	Marxism–Leninism
		Communist Party of India (Marxist)	United National Progressive Alliance		3 / 545	5 / 245	Marxism–Leninism[14]
		Revolutionary Socialist Party	United National Progressive Alliance		1 / 545	0 / 245	Marxism–Leninism
Iraq	Middle East	Iraqi Communist Party	Alliance Towards Reforms	2018 election	2 / 328	—	Communism
Ireland	Europe	People Before Profit Alliance	Anti-Austerity Alliance–People Before Profit	2020 election	5 / 158	0 / 60	Democratic socialism
Israel	Middle East	Israeli Communist Party	Democratic Front for Peace and Equality	2020 election	3 / 120	—	Marxism–Leninism[15]
Italy	Europe	Italian Left	Free and Equal	2018 election	3 / 630	1 / 315	Democratic socialism[16]
Japan	Asia	Japanese Communist Party	—	2017—2019 elections	12 / 465	13 / 242	Scientific socialism[17]
Kazakhstan	Asia	Communist People's Party of Kazakhstan	—	2016 election	7 / 108	—	Marxism–Leninism[18]
Laos	Asia	Lao People's Revolutionary Party	Lao Front for National Construction	2016 election	144 / 149	—	Marxism–Leninism[19]
Luxembourg	Europe	The Left	—	2018 election	2 / 60	—	Democratic socialism
Mali	Africa	African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence	—	2020 election	3 / 147	—	Marxism–Leninism
Mauritius	Africa	Mauritian Militant Movement	National Alliance	2019 election	9 / 69	—	Democratic socialism
		Muvman Liberater	Mauritian Alliance		2 / 69	—	Democratic socialism
Mexico	North America	Labor Party	Juntos Haremos Historia	2018 election	61 / 500	7 / 128	Socialism
Montenegro	Europe	Worker's Party	Democratic Front	2016 election	1 / 81	—	Labour rights
Morocco	Africa	Party of Progress and Socialism	—	2016 election	12 / 395	—	Socialism
Mozambique	Africa	FRELIMO	—	2019 election	184 / 250	—	Democratic socialism
Myanmar	Asia	National Unity Party	—	2015 election	0 / 330	1 / 224	Socialism[20]
Namibia	Africa	Landless People's Movement	—	2019 election	4 / 104	0 / 42	Socialism
		Namibian Economic Freedom Fighters	—		2 / 104	0 / 42	Anti-capitalism
		South West Africa National Union	—		1 / 104	0 / 42	Democratic socialism
		South West Africa People's Organisation	—		63 / 104	40 / 42	Socialism
Nepal	Asia	Nepal Communist Party	—	2017 election	174 / 275	42 / 59	Marxism–Leninism People's Multiparty Democracy
		Janata Samajbadi Party, Nepal	—		34 / 275	3 / 59	Democratic socialism
Nicaragua	North America	Sandinista National Liberation Front	—	2016 election	71 / 92	—	Sandinismo[21]
North Korea	Asia	Workers' Party of Korea	Democratic Front for the Reunification of the Fatherland	2019 election	607 / 687	—	Juche[22] Songun
North Macedonia	Europe	The Left (North Macedonia)	—	2020 election	2 / 120	—	Socialism Anti-imperialism
Norway	Europe	Socialist Left Party	—	2017 election	11 / 169	—	Democratic socialism
		Red Party	—		1 / 169	—	Communism
Pakistan	Asia	Pakhtunkhwa Milli Awami Party	—	2018 election	0 / 342	2 / 104	Democratic Socialism
		Awami National Party	—	2018 election	1 / 342	1 / 104	Democratic Socialism
Palestine	Middle East	Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine	Palestine Liberation Organization	2006 election	3 / 132	—	Marxism–Leninism
		Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine	Palestine Liberation Organization		1 / 132	—	Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
		Palestinian People's Party	Palestine Liberation Organization		1 / 132	—	Scientific socialism
Paraguay	South America	Guasú Front	—	2018 election	0 / 80	6 / 45	Democratic socialism
Peru	South America	Broad Front	—	2016 election	20 / 130	—	Democratic socialism
Philippines	Asia	New Patriotic Alliance	National Democracy Movement	2019 election	6 / 304	0 / 24	Filipino communism[23]
Portugal	Europe	Portuguese Communist Party	Unitary Democratic Coalition	2019 election	10 / 230	—	Marxism–Leninism[24]
		Ecologist Party "The Greens"	Unitary Democratic Coalition		2 / 230	—	Eco-socialism
		Left Bloc	—		19 / 230	—	Democratic socialism
Russia	Europe	Communist Party of the Russian Federation	—	2016 election	42 / 450	2 / 170	Marxism–Leninism[25]
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	Africa	Polisario Front	—	2012 election	53 / 53	—	Democratic socialism
San Marino	Europe	Democratic Socialist Left	Active Citizenship	2016 election	14 / 60	—	Eurocommunism[26]
Slovenia	Europe	LEVICA	—	2018 election	9 / 90	—	Eco-socialism
South Africa	Africa	Economic Freedom Fighters	—	2019 election	44 / 400	—	Marxism–Leninism[27]
		South African Communist Party[note 1]	Tripartite Alliance		0 / 400	—	Marxism–Leninism
South Ossetia	Europe	Communist Party of South Ossetia	—	2019 election	1 / 34	—	Marxism–Leninism
Spain	Europe	Podemos	Podemos	2016 election	35 / 350	0 / 266	Democratic socialism
		Sortu	Amaiur	2011 election	5 / 350	3 / 266	Revolutionary socialism
		Communist Party of Spain	United Left		4 / 350	2 / 266	Marxism–Leninism[29]
		Republican Left of Catalonia	—		15 / 350	11 / 266	Democratic socialism
		Initiative for Catalonia Greens	United Left		2 / 350	2 / 266	Eco-socialism[30]
		Galician Nationalist Bloc	—		2 / 350	0 / 266	Anti-capitalism
		Aralar Party	Amaiur		1 / 350	0 / 266	Democratic socialism
		Chunta Aragonesista	United Left		1 / 350	0 / 266	Eco-socialism
		Communist Youth Union of Spain	United Left		1 / 350	0 / 266	Marxism–Leninism
		Open Left	United Left		1 / 350	0 / 266	Democratic socialism
		Party of the Communists of Catalonia	United Left		1 / 350	0 / 266	Marxism–Leninism
		United and Alternative Left	United Left		1 / 350	0 / 266	Communism
		EH Bildu	EH Bildu		4 / 350	1 / 266	Democratic socialism
Sri Lanka	Asia	People's Liberation Front	—	2015 election	6 / 225	—	Marxism–Leninism
		Communist Party of Sri Lanka	United People's Freedom Alliance		2 / 225	—	Marxism–Leninism
		Lanka Equal Society Party	United People's Freedom Alliance		2 / 225	—	Trotskyism
Suriname	South America	Progressive Workers' and Farmers' Union	—	2015 election	1 / 51	—	Radical left
Sweden	Europe	Left Party	—	2018 election	28 / 349	—	Socialism
Switzerland	Europe	Labour	—	2019 election	2 / 200	—	Marxism
Syria	Middle East	Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region	National Progressive Front	2016 election	172 / 250	—	Arab socialism Ba'athism
		Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)			3 / 250	—	Marxism–Leninism[31]
		Syrian Communist Party (Unified)			1 / 250	—	Communism
Tajikistan	Asia	Communist Party of Tajikistan	—	2015 election	2 / 63	—	Marxism–Leninism[32]
Tunisia	Africa	Popular Front	—	2014 election	1 / 217	—	Socialism
Turkey	Europe	Workers' Party of Turkey	—	2018 election	2 / 600	—	Marxism-Leninism
Northern Ireland	Europe	People Before Profit Alliance	—	2017 election	1 / 90	—	Democratic socialism
Uruguay	South America	Communist Party of Uruguay	Broad Front	2014 election	42 / 99	13 / 30	Marxism–Leninism
		Movement of Popular Participation	Broad Front				Socialism of the 21st century
		Popular Unity	—	2014 election	0 / 99	0 / 30	Marxism–Leninism
Venezuela	South America	United Socialist Party of Venezuela	Great Patriotic Pole	2015 election	52 / 167	—	Socialism of the 21st century[33]
		Communist Party of Venezuela			2 / 167	—	Marxism–Leninism
		Fatherland for All			4 / 167	—	Democratic socialism
		Radical Cause	—		4 / 167	—	Democratic socialism
		Tupamaro	Great Patriotic Pole		3 / 167	—	Marxism
		Republican Bicentennial Vanguard			2 / 167	—	Chavismo
		Venezuelan Popular Unity			1 / 167	—	Bolivarianism
Vietnam	Asia	Communist Party of Vietnam	Vietnamese Fatherland Front	2016 election	475 / 500	—	Marxism–Leninism[34]
Yemen	Middle East	Yemeni Socialist Party	—	2003 election	8 / 301	—	Democratic socialism
Zambia	Africa	Patriotic Front	—	2016 election	80 / 156	—	Democratic socialism[35][36]
Poland	Europe	Polish Socialist Party	The Left (Poland)	2019 Polish parliamentary election	—	1 / 100	Democratic socialism

See also

• List of communist parties represented in European Parliament

Notes

1. Its currently unknown how many seats the South African Communist Party has in the national legislature since its MPs are elected through the African National Congress, a separate political party. In the last election "almost the entire top SACP leadership was absorbed into the government".[28]

References

1. Kim Jong-un, "Let Us Brilliantly Accomplish the Revolutionary Cause of Juche, Holding the Great Comrade Kim Jong Il in High Esteem as the Eternal General Secretary of Our Party", 6 April 2002.
2. http://psephos.adam-carr.net/countries/a/algeria/algeria2012.txt
3. Ediciones El País. "Evo Morales insta a "erradicar el capitalismo" para salvar el planeta". EL PAÍS. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
4. "Evo Morales: Ten commandments against capitalism, for life and humanity". Climate & Capitalism. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
5. "Evo Morales: "Capitalism is the worst enemy of humanity"". Climate & Capitalism. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
6. The first reference is for the lower house, the second for the upper house.
   • "October 3, 2010 Chamber of Deputies Election Results – Totals Brazil". electionresources.com. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
   • "October 3, 2010 Senate Election Results – Brazil Totals". electionresources.com. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
   • Central Committee (8 November 2009). "Socialist Programme for Brazil: Strengthening the Nation is the Way, Socialism is the Way" (in Portuguese). Communist Party of Brazil. Archived from the original on 24 February 2010. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
   • "Brazil – Communist Party of Brazil". The World Factbook. Library of Congress. April 1997. Retrieved 14 January 2012.
7. "South America: Chile – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
9. Bozóki, A & Ishiyama, J (2002) The Communist Successor Parties of Central and Eastern Europe, pp150-153
10. "Parties and Elections in Europe, Czechia, The database about parliamentary elections and political parties in Europe, by Wolfram Nordsieck". Parties & Elections. 14 October 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2013.
11. Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Denmark". Parties and Elections in Europe.
12. Nordsieck, Wolfram (2019). "Greece". Parties and Elections in Europe.
13. "Acuerdo No. 1319-2011 – Resultados oficiales" (in Spanish). elecciones2011.tse.org.gt. Archived from the original on 30 September 2011. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
14. The first two references are about seats in parliament.
    • "12 – Performance of National Parties". Election Commission of India.
    • "13 – Performance of State Parties" (PDF). Election Commission of India. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
15. "Middle East: Israel – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
16. "Parties and Elections in Europe - Italy". Retrieved 8 February 2017.
17. "East & Southeast Asia: Japan – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
18. "Two more Kazakh parties wins parliamentary seats". BBC Online. Retrieved 16 January 2012.
19. "East & Southeast Asia: Laos – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
20. "Burmese general election, 2010". altsean.org. Archived from the original on 1 January 2012. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
21. "Central America and Caribbean: Nicaragua – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
22. "Democratic People's Republic of Korea". Inter-Parliamentary Union. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
23. "Asia: Philippines – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
24. • 17th Congress of the Portuguese Communist Party. "Estatutos do PCP" [Statute of the PCP] (in Portuguese). Portuguese Communist Party. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
    • National Board. "Estatutos" [Statute] (in Portuguese). Left Bloc. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
    • "Europe: Portugal – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
25. • 1st Congress of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (February 1993). Устав КПРФ [Charter of the CPRF] (in Russian). Communist Party of the Russian Federation. Archived from the original on 16 January 2012. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
    • "Central Asia: Russia – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
26. "Europe: San Marino – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
27. "About us". Archived from the original on 2014-05-08.
28. Matuma Letsoalo. "Parliamentary payoff for pro-Zuma Cosatu officials". The M&G Online. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
29. "El PCE recupera el leninismo al cumplirse el centenario de la Revolución de Octubre". cuartopoder (in Spanish). Retrieved 26 April 2018.
30. "Europe: Spain – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
31. Yoshie Furuhashi. "S. Saleh Waziruddin, "Communist Parties Win 11 Seats in Syrian Parliamentary Elections"". Retrieved 24 February 2015.
32. "Central Asia: Tajikistan – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
33. "Communist Party of Venezuela" [PCV – Partido Comunista de Venezuela]. Communist Party of Venezuela. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
34. • "Tiếp tục đẩy mạnh học tập và làm theo tấm gương đạo đức Bác Hồ" [To further promote learning and following Uncle Ho's Moral Example] (in Vietnamese). Communist Party of Vietnam. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
    • "East & Southeast Asia: Vietnam – Government". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 13 January 2012.
35. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-05. Retrieved 2015-12-16.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
36. "2011 Tripartite Elections: Summary of Allocation of National Assembly Seats" (PDF). Electoral Commission of Zambia. 2011. Archived from the original (pdf) on 9 August 2014. Retrieved 19 January 2016.