List of Native American firsts

This is a list of Native American firsts. Native American people were the first people to live in the area that is now known as the United States.[1] This is a chronological list of the first accomplishments that Native Americans have achieved both through their tribal identities and also through the culture of the United States over time. It includes individuals and groups of people who are indigenous to contemporary United States. This includes Alaska Natives, Native Hawaiians and Native Americans in the United States.

Contents

12th century: 1150s
16th century: 1500s-1540s • 1550s-1590s
17th century: 1600s-1650s • 1660s-1690s
18th century: 1700s–1750s • 1750s–1790s•
19th century: 1800s • 1810s • 1820s • 1830s • 1840s • 1850s • 1860s • 1870s • 1880s • 1890s
20th century: 1900s • 1910s • 1920s • 1930s • 1940s • 1950s • 1960s • 1970s • 1980s • 1990s
21st century: 2000s • 2010s • 2020s
See also • References • External links

12th century

1100s

First beginnings of distinctive Navajo culture emerge.[2]

Hopi woman and dog walking the stone steps on the trail to the village of Mishongnovi, ca.1900

1150s

1150

Establishment of first Hopi village.[3]

16th century

1500s

League of Iroquois Nations is founded by Deganiwidah and Hiawatha.[3]

1540s

1540

The Cherokees have first contact with the Europeans.[4]

1580s

1581

The Navajo make first contact with the Spanish.[5]

1587

First recorded Protestant service in the Americas: Christening of Manteo (Croatan).[3]

1590s

1595

First Native American received as royalty by English royalty: Pocahontas (Powhatan).[6]

17th century

1610s

1615

The Huron people first act as middlemen for French traders and other Native American tribes.[7]

1620s

First Native American in New England to meet with settlers leading to lasting peace treaty: Massaoit (Wampanoag).[8]

1630s

1638

First Native American reservation established: Quinnipiac Nation.[9]

1660s

Eliot Indian Bible page.

1663

First published writing by a Native American in the Americas: Honoratissimi Benefactores by Caleb Cheeshahteaumuck (Wampanoag).[10]
First Bible published in the Americas: The Eliot Indian Bible is printed in Natick and one of the translators, James Printer (Nipmuc) became the first Native American to use a printing press.[11]

1665

First Native American graduate of Harvard University: Caleb Cheeshahteaumuck (Wampanoag).[12]

1670s

1670

First Native American ordained as a Christian clergy member: Hiacoomes (Wampanoag).[13]

1672

Native Americans served as first mail couriers between New York City and Albany.[14]

18th century

1760s

1765

First Native American to preach to a non-Native audience: Samson Occom (Mohegan).[15]

1770s

1772

First published literary work by a Native American: A Sermon Preached at the Execution of Moses Paul, an Indian by Samson Occom (Mohegan).[10]

1775

First Native American businesswoman: Sally Ainse (Oneida) who started a fur-trading business.[16]

1790s

1794

First Native American report of other Native American peoples: A Short Narration of My Last Journey to the Western Country by Hendrick Aupaumut (Mohican).[10]

19th century

William McIntosh

1810s

1812

First Native American commissioned brigadier general in the United States Army: William McIntosh (Muscogee).[17]

1820s

1822

First Native American admitted to West Point and first Native American graduate: David Moniac (Muscogee).[18]

1825

First Iroquois person to create a written account of the oral traditions of the Iroquois Nation: David Cusick (Tuscarora) in Sketches of the Ancient History of the Six Nations.[19]
First Cherokee syllabary is adopted by the Cherokee Nation: created by Sequoyah (Cherokee).[20]

1827

The Cherokee Nation adopts its first modern constitution.[21]

1828

First Native American newspaper and first newspaper published in an Indigenous language: The Cherokee Phoenix.[22] First editor of the paper was Buck Watie (Cherokee).[22]

1829

First full-length autobiography published by a Native American: A Son of the Forest by William Apess (Pequot).[23]
First book published using the Cherokee syllabary: Cherokee Hymn Book printed by Elias Boudinot (Cherokee) and a New England missionary.[24]

1840s

Wa-o-wa-wa-na-onk or Peter Wilson

1844

First known Native American person to earn a medical degree: Wa-o-wa-wa-na-onk (Cayuga).[25]

1845

First music composition published by a Native American person: Indian Melodies by Thomas Commuck (Narragansett).[26]

1847

First full-length travelog by a Native American: The Life, History, and Travels of Kah-ge-ga-gah-bowh by George Copway (Ojibwe).[23]

1850s

1854

First novel published by a Native American: The Life and Adventures of Joaquin Murietta by John Rollin Ridge (Cherokee).[27]
First Native American student periodical publication, A Wreath of Cherokee Rose Buds.[28]

1856

First governor of the Chickasaw Nation after the adoption of the new constitution: Cyrus Harris (Chickasaw).[29]
First Native American ordained as a Roman Catholic priest: James Bouchard (Lenape).[30]

1857

First Native American editor of non-native publication: John Rollin Ridge (Cherokee) who was the founding editor of the Sacramento Bee.[28]

John Rollin Ridge (Cherokee).

1860s

1861

First Native American professional track athlete: Louis "Deerfoot" Bennett (Seneca).[31]

1865

First person to ride the Chisholm Trail: Jesse Chisholm (Cherokee).[32]

1867

First Native American to earn the rank of brigadier general in the U.S. Army: Ely Samuel Parker (Seneca).[33]

1869

First Native American to be awarded the Medal of Honor: Co-Rux-Te-Chod-Ish (Pawnee).[34]
First Native American to work as the Commissioner for Indian Affairs: Ely Samuel Parker (Seneca).[35]

1870s

1870

First Native American elected as a United States Senator: Hiram M. Revels (Lumbee).[36]

1875

First independent Cherokee-owned newspaper published: The Indian Progress and owned by Elias C. Boudinot (Cherokee).[37]
Standing Bear (Ponca)

1878

First Choctaw tribal newspaper: The Choctaw News.[38]

1879

First Native American declared "a person within the meaning of the law" in the United States: Standing Bear (Ponca).[39]

1880s

1881

First Native American anthropologist: Francis La Flesche (Omaha).[40]

1883

First Native American woman to publish a book, Sarah Winnemucca (Northern Paiute), who published Life Among the Piutes: Their Wrongs and Claims.[41]

1886

First privately owned Chippewa periodical: The Progress founded by Theodore H. Beaulieu and Gustave Beaulieu (Chippewa/Ojibwe).[42]

1889

First Native American woman to earn a medical degree: Susan La Flesche (Omaha).[41]
First documented Native American U.S. Army nurses: Susan Bordeaux, Ella Clark, Anna B. Pleets, Josephine Two Bears (all Lakota).[43]

1890s

1891

First novel written by a Native American woman: Wynema: A Child of the Forest by Sophia Alice Callahan (Muscogee).[44]

Susan La Flesche Picotte (Omaha)

1892

First Native American elected to the United States House of Representatives: Charles D. Curtis (Kaw Nation).[36]

1893

First independent periodical published by and for the Osage people: The Wah-sha-she founded by George E. Tinker (Osage).[42]
First Native American woman to publish and edit a newspaper: Norma E. Standley Smiser (Choctaw).[42]

1897

First Native American to play on a major league baseball team: Louis Sockalexis (Penobscot).[45]

1898

First Native American to graduate from Stanford University: John Milton Oskison (Cherokee).[46]

20th century

Lewis Tewanima (Hopi)

1900s

1903

First tribal newspaper published by the Chippewa of White Earth: The Tomahawk.[47]

1906

First arts program created for Native Americans: Leupp Art Department at the Carlisle Indian School, created by Angel DeCora Dietz (Ho-Chunk).[48]

1908

First tribal newspaper published for the Quileute people: The Quileute Independent created by Webster Hudson (Quileute).[47]
First paniolos to win at the Frontier Days rodeo competition: Ikua Purdy (Native Hawaiian), Archie Ka'au'a (Native Hawaiian), and Jack Low (Native Hawaiian).[49]

1909

First Native American film actor: James Young Deer (Winnebago).[50]

1910s

1910

First Native American to graduate from Yale: Henry Roe Cloud (Ho-Chunk).[51]

1911

First organization for Native Americans with only Indigenous people allowed as members: Society of American Indians created by Charles Alexander Eastman (Dakota Sioux).[52]
First Native American to play in the NFL: Jim Thorpe (Sac and Fox (Sauk).[53]

1912

First Native American to win gold medals for the United States in the Olympic Games: Jim Thorpe (Sac and Fox (Sauk).[54]
First American to win an Olympic medal (silver) in the 10,000 meter run: Louis Tewanima (Hopi).[55]

1913

First Native American to attend the United States Naval Academy: Joseph J. Clark (Cherokee).[18]
First person to reach the summit of Denali: Walter Harper (Athabascan).[56]
First Native American head coach of a college sports team: Albert Andrew Exendine (Lenape).[57]

1916

First American Indian Day celebrated in May 1916. The day was created by Red Fox James (Blackfeet Nation).[58]

Choctaw Code Talkers in training.

1918

First Native language used in military communications: Choctaw language.[59]

1920s

1921

First all-Native American National Guard: Haskell unit of the Kansas National Guard.[60]
First Native American woman pilot: Bessie Coleman (Cherokee heritage).[61]

1922

Alice Brown Davis, first woman chief of the Seminole tribe.

First Native American student to take part in a world conference: Ruth Muskrat Bronson (Cherokee).[62]
First woman to serve as chief of the Seminole tribe: Alice Brown Davis (Seminole).[63]

1923

First chair of the Navajo Tribal Council: Henry Chee Dodge (Navajo).[63]

1924

First Navajo person to earn a law degree: Thomas Henry Dodge (Navajo).[64]
First all-Native American cavalry created in the United States: Troop C, 114th Cavalry.[65]
First Native American to captain the United States Hockey Team: Clarence Able (Chippewa).[66]
First Native American woman elected to a state legislature: Cora Belle Reynolds Anderson (Chippewa).[67]
First Alaska Native elected to the Alaskan Territorial Legislature: William L. Paul (Tlingit).[56]
First Native American to carry the United States flag at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games: Clarence "Taffy" Abel (Chippewa).[55]

1926

First Native American woman to hold state office in Oklahoma: Jessie Elizabeth Randolph Moore (Chickasaw).[68]
First national reform group with only Native American membership: National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) by Zitkala-Sa (Yankton Sioux) and Raymond Bonnin (Yankton Sioux).[52]

Zitkala Sa (Yankton Sioux) in 1898

1927

First Native American to earn a degree as a registered nurse: Susie Walking Bear Yellowtail (Crow).[69]

1929

First Native American to serve as Vice President of the United States: Charles D. Curtis (Kaw Nation).[70]

1930s

1930

First accredited nursing program for Native Americans: Sage Memorial Hospital School of Nursing.[71]
First enrolled Native American woman to earn a pilot's license: Mary Riddle (Clatsop/Quinault).[72]

1932

First Native American woman elected to the Montana State Legislature: Dolly Smith Akers (Assiniboine).[68]
First Native American to open the Olympic Games: Charles D. Curtis (Kaw Nation).[66]

1935

First Native American woman elected as president of the General Federation of Women's Clubs: Roberta Campbell Lawson (Lenape).[62][73]

1939

First Native American to win national and international level boxing championships: Chester L. Ellis (Seneca).[74]

1940s

1941

First Native American commissioned in the American Chaplain Corps: James C. Ottipoby (Comanche).[75]

1942

Dance Magazine July 1961 cover featuring Maria Tallchief (Osage).

First Native American to become a major general in the U.S. Air Force: Clarence L. Tinker (Osage).[76]
First American to dance with the Paris Opera and receive the title of prima ballerina: Maria Tallchief (Osage).[77]
First Native American woman to work for Lockheed, and probably first Native American woman engineer: Mary Golda Ross (Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma).[78]
First Native American commissioned pilot in the United States Navy: Tom Oxendine (Lumbee).[79]

1943

First Navajo language newspaper: Adahooniligii.[80]
First Native American venerated as a saint by the Roman Catholic church: Kateri Tekakwitha (Mohawk).[81]
First Native American woman joins the Marine Corps Women's Reserve: Minnie Spotted-Wolf (Blackfoot).[82]

1944

First Muscogee person to earn the Medal of Honor: Ernest Childers.[83]
First Choctaw person to earn the Medal of Honor: Van T. Barfoot.[84]
First and only Native American WASP: Ola Mildred Rexroat (Oglala).[85]

1945

First Cherokee to earn the Medal of Honor: Jack Montgomery.[86]
First anti-discrimination law passed in the United States: The Alaska Equal Rights Act of 1945, ending segregation of Alaska Natives.[87]

1948

First public monument in the United States created by a Native American: Comrade in Mourning by Allan Houser (Chiricahua Apache).[75]

1949

First Hopi to earn the Indian Achievement Award from the Indian Council Fire: Fred Kabotie.[88]

1950s

Herbert K Pililaau (Native Hawaiian).

1950

First Native American veterinarian: Bernard Anthony Hoehner (Standing Rock Sioux).[89]

1952

First Hawaiian to be awarded the Medal of Honor: Herbert Kaili Pililaau (Native Hawaiian).[75]

1953

First Indian Miss America: Arlene Wesley James (Yakama).[90]

1954

First foreign recognition of Native American art, Pablita Velarde (Santa Clara Pueblo) for her work by the French government.[91]

1956

First Native American dentist: George Blue Spruce (Laguna).[89]
First Native American oncologist: James W. Hampton (Chickasaw/Choctaw).[71]

1957

First Native American to have a comic strip published: Brummett Echo Hawk (Pawnee) with Little Chief.[92][93]
First Native American elected to the Idaho State Legislature: Joseph R. Garry (Coeur d'Alene).[68]
First radio station to primarily broadcast in Navajo language: KNDN-AM.[94]

1958

First Native American to graduate from the United States Air Force Academy: Leo Johnson (unknown tribal affiliation).[18]

1959

First woman president of the Mescalero Apache tribe: Virginia S. Klinekole (Mescalero Apache).[95]

1960s

First Native American pharmacist: Francis Quam (Zuni).[96]

Ben Nighthorse Campbell (Northern Chyenne) talks to news crew.

1960

First Native American to own an FTD floral shop: Nunny Waano-Gano (Karuk).[97]

1961

First Native American elected to the U.S. Congress from South Dakota: Benjamin Reifel (Lakota Sioux).[98]

1962

First Alaska Native newspaper: The Tundra Times with Howard Rock (Inupiaq) as the first editor.[56]

1963

First Native American to receive the Presidential Medal of Freedom: Annie Dodge Wauneka (Navajo).[90]

1964

First Native American elected to the New Mexico House of Representatives: James D. Atcitty (Navajo).[99]
First Native American on the United States Olympic Judo Team: Benjamin Nighthorse Campbell (Northern Cheyenne).[66]
First Native American to win an Olympic gold medal in the 10,000 meter run: William Mervin "Billy" Mills (Oglala Lakota).[55]
First Native American to earn a doctorate in psychology: Marigold Linton, from UCLA (Morongo Band of Mission Indians)[100]

1966

First Native American elected as New Mexico state senator: Tom Lee (Navajo).[99]
First Native American elected to the Arizona House of Representatives: Lloyd Lynn House (Navajo/Oneida).[99]
First Native American man to earn a doctorate in psychology: Arthur McDonald (Oglala Lakota).[71]

1967

First ballet written specifically for Native American dancers: Four Moons which was scored by Louis Ballard (Quapaw/Cherokee).[101]
First woman to chair the Seminole Tribe Council: Betty Mae Tiger Jumper (Seminole Tribe of Florida).[95]

1968

First "confrontational" Native American rights organization: The American Indian Movement (AIM).[102]
First college run by Native Americans for Native Americans: Diné College (formerly Navajo Community College).[103]

1969

First Native American to receive a Pulitzer Prize: N. Scott Momaday (Kiowa/Cherokee).[104]
First Native American to become a public school district superintendent: Henry Gatewood (Navajo).[105]
First Native American to work as Indian Commissioner on the Indian Claims Commission: Brantley Blue (Lumbee).[98]
First Native American publication published only by women: The Council of Women.[106]

1970s

1970

First broadcast license given to a Native American tribe (Choctaw): WYRU-AM.[94]

1971

First Native American job corps center founded: The Kicking Horse Regional Manpower Center.[107]
First Native American elected to the North Dakota state legislature: Arthur Raymond (Dakota Sioux/Oglala).[108]
First national organization to unite sitting tribal leaders: National Tribal Chairmen's Association (NTCA).[109]
First Navajo to earn a doctorate in physics: Fred Begay (Navajo).[110]

1972

Article from Osawatomie about the Pine Ridge shootout.

First Native American owned and operated non-commercial radio station for Native American listeners: KTDB-FM.[111]
First Native American on the United States Women's Table Tennis National Team: Angelita Rosal (Sioux).[31]
First foreign-born sumo wrestler to win the top division championship: Takamiyama Daigorō (Native Hawaiian).[112]
First induction ceremony of the American Indian Athletic Hall of Fame.[112]

1973

First Native American bank president and president of first national Indian bank: Barney Old Coyote (Crow) founded the American Indian National Bank.[107]
First Native American train engineer: Barnie Botone (Blackfoot/Kiowa).[113]

1974

First Alaska Native to win the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race: Carl Huntington (Athabascan).[112]
First Native American band to reach the top five on the Billboard Hot 100: Redbone with "Come and Get Your Love" at number 5.[114]

1975

First artist chosen by the Museum of the American Indian for a series on modern Native American art: R. C. Gorman (Navajo).[115]
First Native American practitioner of an Indigenous religion to give the invocation at the United States Senate: Frank Fools Crow (Lakota Sioux).[116]
First Native American woman dentist: Jessica Rickert (Prairie Band Potawatomi Nation).[117]
First woman to chair the Yavapai-Apache Tribe: Vera Brown Starr (Yavapai-Apache).[95]
First tribally owned and built golf course is opened by the Mescalero Apache Tribe.[112]

1976

First American Indian Studies master's degree program established by Charlotte Anne Wilson Heth (Cherokee).[118]
First Jicarilla Apache woman to earn a doctorate degree: Veronica Velarde Tiller.[119]
First radio station broadcasting in the Navajo language and under Navajo control: The Navajo Radio Network.[111]
First chairperson of the Fort Sill Apache Tribe: Mildred Cleghorn (Fort Sill Apache).[95]
First Alaska Native to become a physician: Ted Mala (Inupiaq).[120]

1977

First Inuit Circumpoloar Conference takes place.[121]

1978

First Native American artist to display their work in China: Joan Hill (Muscogee).[115]
First woman to serve as chair of the Cheyenne-Arapaho Tribes: Juanita L. Learned (Cheyenne-Arapaho).[95]
First Native American to earn a fellowship from the National Institute of Mental Health and the American Psychiatric Association: Catharine Gail Kincaid (Eastern Sioux).[122]

1980s

Wilma Mankiller (Cherokee) and Bill Clinton in 1998

1980

First Native American woman nominated for Vice President of the United States in any political party: LaDonna Harris (Comanche).[67]

1981

First Native American woman to graduate from the United States Naval Academy: Sandra L. Hinds (unknown tribal affiliation).[123]
First American to direct the Paris Opera ballet: Rosella Hightower (Choctaw).[101]

1982

First Native American elected to the Colorado House of Representatives: Benjamin Nighthorse Campbell (Cheyenne).[108]
First Native American woman to graduate from the United States Air Force Academy: Dolores K. Smith (Cherokee).[123]
First Native American director of Indian Health Services (IHS): Everett R. Rhoades (Kiowa).[124]
First tribe to open an electric plant: Warm Spring Indians in Oregon.[125]

1983

First woman to work as attorney general for the Navajo Nation: Claudeen Bates Arthur (Navajo).[126]
First Native American woman to argue a successful case before the Supreme Court of the United States: Arlinda Faye Locklear (Lumbee).[127]
First anthology of Native American women's art and literature is published: A Gathering of Spirit: A Collection by North American Women edited by Beth Brant (Mohawk).[104]
First television documentary produced by a crew of all-Indigenous people: I'd Rather Be Powwowing, directed by Larry Littlebird (Santo Domigo Pueblo).[128]
First Minnesota Ojibwe Nation woman to become a doctor: Kathleen Annette (Ojibwe).[129]

1984

First Alaska Native woman to earn a doctorate degree: Elizabeth Anne Parent (Athabascan).[119]
First Native American woman to graduate from West Point: Brigitte T. Wahwassuck (unknown tribal affiliation).[123]

1985

First woman to become a Cherokee Nation principal chief: Wilma Mankiller (Cherokee).[130]
First Native American to receive the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award for race relations: Clifford Bahniptewa (Hopi).[131]

1986

First Native American ordained as Roman Catholic bishop: Donald E. Pelotte (Abenaki).[132]
First public recognition of the military service of the Choctaw code talkers.[133]
First American Indian Week celebrated during the week of November 23–30.[134]

1987

First Native American to become a fellow of the MacArthur Foundation: Leslie Marmon Silko (Laguna Pueblo).[135]
First Native American woman named as Ms. magazine's Woman of the Year: Wilma Mankiller (Cherokee).[136]
First community-owned and operated clinic established on an Indian reservation: Porcupine Clinic by Loralei DeCora (Winnebago).[136]
First radio news service to cover Native American issues: National Native News (NNN).[137]
First woman to elected as governor of the Isleta Pueblo: Verna Williamson (Isleta Pueblo).[138]
First woman in the Eastern Band of Cherokee to become a physician: Frances Owl-Smith (Cherokee).[139]

1988

First woman elected as tribal chair of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa: Twila Martin-Kehahbah (Chippewa-Cree).[138]
First Tuscarora Indian woman to become a surgeon: Susan Veronica Karol (Tuscarora Indian Nation of Sanborn).[140]

1989

First book of poetry in Navajo is published by Rex Lee Jim (Navajo).[141]
First Native American news reporter on national television: Hattie Kauffman (Nez Percé).[142]
First Native American in Nevada to become a physician: Sharon M. Malotte (Shoshone).[143]

1990s

1990

First Native American to win in a World Chess Championship open: Jason Stevens (Navajo).[144]
First Native American Month celebrated in November.[134]

1991

First Native American to receive the Freeman Tilden Award from the National Park Service and the National Parks and Conservation Association: Wilson Hunter (Navajo).[145]
First Native American state attorney general: Larry Echo Hawk (Pawnee).[108]

1993

First play-by-play of an NBA game in a Native language is broadcast in Navajo.[112]

1994

First Native American to work as U.S. Marshall in the Justice Department: Robert D. Ecoffey (Oglala Lakota Sioux).[126]
First Navajo woman board certified in surgery: Lori Arviso Alvord (Navajo).[146]

1995

First Native American artwork travels in space: Don Montileaux's (Lakota Sioux) painting is on board the Endeavor.[147]
First woman to serve as principal chief of the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians: Joyce Dugan (Cherokee).[138]
First Native American woman to play professional basketball for a foreign nation: Ryneldi Becenti (Navajo).[112]

1996

First Native American woman elected to the New Mexico House of Representatives: Lynda Morgan Lovejoy (Navajo).[148]
First Native American participant in the Paralympics: Cheri Madsen (Omaha).[149]

Cheri Masden (Omaha) in 2013.

1997

First Native American women elected to the Arizona House of Representatives: Sally Ann Gonzales (Yaqui) and Debora Norris (Navajo).[148]
First Native American to be awarded the Award for Excellence from the American Public Health Association: Linda Burhansstipanov (Cherokee).[150]
First Native American archbishop: Charles J. Chaput[151] (Prairie Band Potawatomi)[152][153]

1998

First national awards for Native American music: Native American Music Awards (NAMA).[154]
First literary and artistic journal for Native Hawaiians: 'Ōiwi: A Native Hawaiian Journal founded by D. Mahealani Dudoit (Native Hawaiian).[155]

1999

First Navajo to earn a doctorate in history: Jennifer Denetdale (Navajo).[156]

21st century

2000s

John Herrington (Chickasaw Nation).

2000

First Native American president of the American Public Health Association: Michael E. Bird (Santo Domingo and San Juan Pueblo).[150]
First Native American woman to graduate from Yale University School of Medicine: Patricia Nez Henderson (Navajo).[157]

2001

First Native Hawaiian drafted by Major League Soccer: Brian Ching (Native Hawaiian).[158]
First Native American to compete in the Indy 500: Cory Wetherill (Navajo).[158]

2002

First Native American in space: John Herrington (Chickasaw Nation).[58]
First Native American woman to compete in the Winter Olympics: Naomi Lang (Karuk)[55]

2003

First tribe to own a professional sports team: The Mohegan Tribe purchases the Connecticut Sun.[158]
First Native American woman killed in combat in a foreign war: Lori Piestewa (Hopi).[133]

2004

First woman to serve as president of the tribal council for the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation: Cecelia Fire Thunder (Oglala Lakota).[138]
First woman tribal chair of the White Earth Band of Chippewa: Erma Vizenor (Ojibwe).[138]
First national museum of Native American history and culture: National Museum of the American Indian.[159]

National Museum of the American Indian in Washington, D.C.

2005

First tribe to purchase a professional men's basketball team: The Yakima Nation buys the Yakima SunKings.[158]

2006

First woman to serve as chief of the Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma: Glenna Wallace (Shawnee).[138]
First awards announced in the American Indian Youth Literature Awards.[160]

2007

First Native American president of the American Library Association: Loriene Roy.[161][162][163] (Anishinabe, a member of the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, and enrolled on the White Earth Reservation).[164]

2008

First Native American woman elected to a statewide executive office: Denise Juneau (Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation).[67]
First Native American to win the Heisman Trophy: Sam Bradford (Cherokee).[158]

2010s

2010

First woman to become a chief of the Delaware Tribe of Oklahoma: Paula Pechonick (Lenape).[138]
First Native American nominated for the United States Poet Laureate: Linda Hogan (Chickasaw).[155]

2011

First Native American drafted into the WNBA: Tahnee Robinson (Cheyenne).[165]
First woman chief of the Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians: Phyliss J. Anderson (Choctaw).[138]

2014

First Native American named a United States Ambassador to the United Nations: Keith Harper (Cherokee Nation).[166]
First Native American woman to become a federal judge in the United States: Diane Humetewa (Hopi).[167]

2015

First Native American-owned cannabis shop: Elevation, opened by the Squaxin Island Tribe.[168]

2016

First Native American to receive an electoral vote for President of the United States: Faith Spotted Eagle (Yankton Sioux Tribe)[169]
First Native American woman to receive an electoral vote for Vice President of the United States: Winona LaDuke (White Earth Band of Ojibwe)[170]

2017

First Native-American to serve in the Wyoming State Senate: Affie Ellis (Navajo).[171]

2018

First Native American women elected to the United States Congress: Sharice Davids (Ho-Chunk) and Deb Haaland (Laguna Pueblo).[67]
First Native American to serve as a law clerk for the Supreme Court of the United States: Tobi Merrit Edwards Young (Chickasaw Nation).[172]
First distillery owned by Native Americans: Copper Crow.[173]

2019

Barack Obama and Kimberly Teehee (Cherokee), 2012-04-27 (cropped)

First Native American to earn an honorary award from the Academy Awards: Wes Studi (Cherokee).[174]
First Native American United States Poet Laureate: Joy Harjo (Mvskoke/Creek Nation).[175]
First delegate to the United States House of Representatives from the Cherokee Nation: Kimberly Teehee (Cherokee).[176]
First American nationally distributed children's show to feature an Alaska Native as the lead character: Molly of Denali, premiered in 2019[177]

2020s

2020

First Native American woman to head the Southwestern Association for Indian Arts (SWAIA): Kim Peone (Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation/Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians).[178]
First painting on canvas by a Native American artist in the National Gallery of Art: "I See Red: Target", by Jaune Quick-to-See Smith (Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes)[179]
First Native American to compete in the Tour de France: Neilson Powless (Oneida).[180][181]
First U.S. tribe to contribute heirloom seeds to the Svalbard Global Seed Vault: the Cherokee Nation.[182]
First Native American openly transgender person elected to office in America: Stephanie Byers, elected to the Kansas state House of Representatives (Chickasaw Nation).[183]
First Alaska Native to be featured on United States currency: Elizabeth Peratrovich (Tlingit).[184]

2021

First Native American to win a Caldecott Medal: Michaela Goade for We Are Water Protectors (Tlingit and Haida tribes).[185]

References

Swisher, Karen Gayton (1998). "Preface". In Swisher, Karen Gayton; Benally, AnCita (eds.). Native North American Firsts. Detroit: Gale. pp. xiii. ISBN 0787605182.
"Navajo History". Navajo People. Retrieved 2020-09-01.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. xxxiii.
"Cherokee Nation History". Cherokee Nation History. Retrieved 2020-09-01.
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Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 183.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 110.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 100.
Mullins, Jonita (19 April 2015). "Cherokee hymn book reflected love of music". Muskogee Phoenix. Retrieved 2020-08-30.
"The Pulteney St. Survey". Hobart and William Smith Colleges. Fall 2019. Retrieved 2020-08-26.
"Commuck, Thomas, 1804 - 1855". Native Northeast Portal. Retrieved 2020-08-29.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 101.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 112.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 68.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 166.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 216.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 36.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 133.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 128.
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Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 20.
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Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 219.
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Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 58.
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Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 141.
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Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 7.
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Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 122.
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🖉Gazette, JAMES FOLMER, Record. "Dragonfly Gala honors remarkable American Indian women". Banning Record Gazette.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 145.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 193.
"First American Indian College Turns 50". Non Profit News | Nonprofit Quarterly. 2018-09-25. Retrieved 2020-08-30.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 106.
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Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 60.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 194.
"Fred Begay - 1932-". Southwest Reservation Aid. Retrieved 2020-08-30.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 123.
Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 420.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 195.
"Watch surreal animated official video for Redbone's classic hit "Come and Get Your Love" - Music News - ABC News Radio". ABC Audio. 3 August 2020. Retrieved 2020-08-30.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 13.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 175.
Stewart, Mariah. "First Native American Woman to Become a Dentist Continues to Be Trailblazer in Advocacy". Insight Into Diversity. Retrieved 2020-08-29.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 49.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 50.
Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 150.
Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 462.
"Dr. Catharine Gail Kincaid". Changing the Face of Medicine. Retrieved 29 August 2020.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 131.
Tirado, Michelle (23 March 2012). "Revolutionary Rhoades: At Age 80, the First Native IHS Director". Indian Country Today. Retrieved 2020-08-30.
Champagne & Pare 1995, p. 153.
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Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 96.
Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 152.
"Dr. Kathleen R. Annette". Changing the Face of Medicine. Retrieved 29 August 2020.
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Champagne, Duane; Pare, Michael A., eds. (1995). Native North American Chronology. New York: Gale Research Inc. ISBN 9780810398184 – via Internet Archive.
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Swisher, Karen Gayton; Benally, AnCita, eds. (1998). Native North American Firsts. Detroit: Gale. ISBN 0787605182.

External links

American Indian History Timeline

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Swisher, Karen Gayton (1998). "Preface". In Swisher, Karen Gayton; Benally, AnCita (eds.). Native North American Firsts. Detroit: Gale. pp. xiii. ISBN 0787605182.

[2] "Navajo History". Navajo People. Retrieved 2020-09-01.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998xxxiii-3] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. xxxiii.

[4] "Cherokee Nation History". Cherokee Nation History. Retrieved 2020-09-01.

[5] "Navajo History". Discover Navajo. Retrieved 2020-09-01.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199832-6] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 32.

[FOOTNOTEChampagnePare199532-7] Champagne & Pare 1995, p. 32.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998180-8] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 180.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998181-9] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 181.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199899-10] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 99.

[11] "The Fascinating Story of the First American Bible, a Native American Language Translation from 1663". Behind The Scenes. 2019-05-14. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199842-12] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 42.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998160-13] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 160.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199834-14] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 34.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998162-15] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 162.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199816-16] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 16.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998132-17] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 132.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998130-18] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 130.

[19] Kalter, Susan (Fall 2002). "Finding a Place for David Cusick in Native American Literary History". MELUS. 27 (3): 9, 13. doi:10.2307/3250653 – via JSTOR.

[20] "Sequoyah and the Cherokee Syllabary". Georgia Historical Society. Retrieved 2020-09-01.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998183-21] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 183.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998110-22] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 110.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998100-23] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 100.

[24] Mullins, Jonita (19 April 2015). "Cherokee hymn book reflected love of music". Muskogee Phoenix. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[25] "The Pulteney St. Survey". Hobart and William Smith Colleges. Fall 2019. Retrieved 2020-08-26.

[26] "Commuck, Thomas, 1804 - 1855". Native Northeast Portal. Retrieved 2020-08-29.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998101-27] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 101.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998112-28] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 112.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199868-29] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 68.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998166-30] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 166.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998216-31] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 216.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199836-32] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 36.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998133-33] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 133.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998128-34] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 128.

[35] "Building to be Named for Ely S. Parker First Indian Commissioner of the BIA Recognized". Indian Affairs. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199852-36] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 52.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998114-37] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 114.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998115-38] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 115.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998186-39] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 186.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998208-40] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 208.

[:0-41] Kettler, Sara (3 March 2020). "5 Powerful and Influential Native American Women". Biography. Retrieved 2020-08-26.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998116-42] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 116.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin2012148-43] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 148.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998102-44] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 102.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998211-45] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 211.

[46] "History Timelines | Native American Cultural Center". Stanford. Retrieved 2020-08-29.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998117-47] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 117.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally19983-48] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 3.

[49] Wolman, David; Smith, David (2019-08-07). "Paniolo: Hawaii's Cowboy Heroes of 1908". Brewminate. Retrieved 2020-12-10.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998148-50] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 148.

[51] "Yale Celebrates First Native American Graduate: Henry Roe Cloud". YaleNews. 2010-10-29. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998189-52] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 189.

[53] Henson, Milla (2020-01-11). "The First Native American NFL Player Dominated the League in Its Early Days". Sportscasting | Pure Sports. Retrieved 2020-08-29.

[54] Aneculaesei, Calin (2020-06-29). "The First Native American to Win Gold for the United States". Medium. Retrieved 2020-08-29.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin2012425-55] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 425.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin2012461-56] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 461.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin2012419-57] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 419.

[:2-58] "Native American Heritage Month". Described and Captioned Media Program. Retrieved 2020-08-29.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin2012212-59] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 212.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998135-60] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 135.

[61] Debczak, Michele (2019-09-26). "Bessie Coleman, the Black Cherokee Female Pilot Who Made Aviation History". Mental Floss. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199820-62] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 20.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199869-63] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 69.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199891-64] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 91.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998136-65] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 136.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998219-66] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 219.

[:1-67] "Milestones for Women in American Politics". CAWP. 2016-06-02. Retrieved 2020-08-28.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199858-68] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 58.

[69] "Susie Walking Bear Yellowtail: "Our Bright Morning Star"". Women's History Matters. 2014-05-06. Retrieved 2020-08-29.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199853-70] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 53.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin2012149-71] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 149.

[72] "Native American Women Aviation Pioneers". National Air and Space Museum. 2017-11-22. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[73] "Roberta Campbell Lawson". Tulsa Historical Society & Museum. Retrieved 2020-08-27.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998213-74] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 213.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin2012213-75] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 213.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998137-76] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 137.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998144-77] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 144.

[78] "Inductees – Native American Hall of Fame". Retrieved 2020-08-28.

[79] "Tom Oxendine, decorated Lumbee veteran, passes on at 87". Indianz. 28 May 2010. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998119-80] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 119.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998168-81] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 168.

[82] "Native American Women Veterans". The Women's Memorial. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998138-83] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 138.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998139-84] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 139.

[85] Cassens, Anne. "WASP Ola Mildred Rexroat Honored by South Dakota Aviation Association". Wings Across America. Retrieved 29 August 2020.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998141-86] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 141.

[:22-87] Vaughan, Carson (2019-03-20). "Overlooked No More: Elizabeth Peratrovich, Rights Advocate for Alaska Natives". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-11-11.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally19987-88] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 7.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998206-89] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 206.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199821-90] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 21.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally19989-91] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 9.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally19988-92] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 8.

[93] Mitchell, Melissa (14 October 2008). "Exhibition turns spotlight on minority comics artists". Illinois News Bureau. Retrieved 2020-08-27.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998122-94] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 122.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin201252-95] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 52.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998207-96] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 207.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199818-97] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 18.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199855-98] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 55.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199859-99] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 59.

[100] 🖉Gazette, JAMES FOLMER, Record. "Dragonfly Gala honors remarkable American Indian women". Banning Record Gazette.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998145-101] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 145.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998193-102] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 193.

[103] "First American Indian College Turns 50". Non Profit News | Nonprofit Quarterly. 2018-09-25. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998106-104] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 106.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199848-105] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 48.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998121-106] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 121.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199819-107] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 19.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199860-108] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 60.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998194-109] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 194.

[110] "Fred Begay - 1932-". Southwest Reservation Aid. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998123-111] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 123.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin2012420-112] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 420.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998195-113] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 195.

[114] "Watch surreal animated official video for Redbone's classic hit "Come and Get Your Love" - Music News - ABC News Radio". ABC Audio. 3 August 2020. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199813-115] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 13.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998175-116] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 175.

[117] Stewart, Mariah. "First Native American Woman to Become a Dentist Continues to Be Trailblazer in Advocacy". Insight Into Diversity. Retrieved 2020-08-29.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199849-118] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 49.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199850-119] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 50.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin2012150-120] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 150.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin2012462-121] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 462.

[122] "Dr. Catharine Gail Kincaid". Changing the Face of Medicine. Retrieved 29 August 2020.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998131-123] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 131.

[124] Tirado, Michelle (23 March 2012). "Revolutionary Rhoades: At Age 80, the First Native IHS Director". Indian Country Today. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[FOOTNOTEChampagnePare1995153-125] Champagne & Pare 1995, p. 153.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199856-126] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 56.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199896-127] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 96.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998152-128] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 152.

[129] "Dr. Kathleen R. Annette". Changing the Face of Medicine. Retrieved 29 August 2020.

[130] "9 Famous Native American Women In History That You Need To Know". PowWows.com. 2019-10-21. Retrieved 2020-08-26.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199814-131] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 14.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998177-132] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 177.

[FOOTNOTEHirschfelderMolin2012214-133] Hirschfelder & Molin 2012, p. 214.

[:3-134] Wood, Margaret (2012). "National American Indian Heritage Month". Law Library of Congress. Retrieved 2020-08-30.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally1998108-135] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 108.

[FOOTNOTESwisherBenally199825-136] Swisher & Benally 1998, p. 25.

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