List of Mongol states

This is a list of Mongol states. The Mongols founded many states such as the vast Mongol Empire and other states. The list of states is chronological but follows the development of different dynasties.

Pre-modern states

Name	Years	Area	Map	Capital
Khanates in the 10th–12th centuries
Khamag Mongol Khanate	900s–1206
Merkit Khanate	XI–mid XII
Kerait Khanate	−1203
Naiman Khanate	−1204
Tatar Khanate	VI—X/(IX – mid XII?)
Mongol Empire
Mongol Empire	1206–1368	24,000,000 km^2[1]		Avarga (1206–35) Karakorum (1235–60) Khanbaliq (1260–1368)
Yuan dynasty
Yuan dynasty	1271–1368	14,000,000 km^2 (1310)[2]		Khanbaliq (Dadu, Beijing)
Golden Horde
Golden Horde	1240–1502	6,000,000 km^2 (1310)[3]		Sarai Batu
Great Horde	1466–1502
Chagatai Khanate
Chagatai Khanate	1225–1340s	3,500,000 km^2 (1310)[3][2]		Almaliq Qarshi
Western Chagatai Khanate	1340s–1370
Moghulistan	1340–1462
Kara Del Khanate	1383–1513
Ilkhanate
Ilkhanate	1256–1335	3,750,000 km^2 [3][2]		Maragha (1256–1265) Tabriz (1265–1306) Soltaniyeh (1306–1335)
Chobanids	1335–1357			Tabriz
Injuids	1335–1357			Baghdad (Till 1411) Basra (1411–1432)
Jalayirid Sultanate	1335–1432			Baghdad (Till 1411) Basra (1411–1432)
Arghun dynasty	1479?–1599?
Genghisid Northern Yuan dynasty
Northern Yuan dynasty	1368–1691	5,000,000 km^2 (1550)[2]		Shangdu (1368–69) Yingchang (1369–70) Karakorum (1371–88)
Khotogoid Khanate (subject of the Northern Yuan)	late 16th – late 17th century			in Mongolia
Oirats – Non-Genghisid states
Four Oirat	1399–1634	1,000,000 km^2 (15th – late 16th) ~1,600,000 km^2 (early 17th century)
Zunghar Khanate	1634–1758	3,500,000–4,000,000 km^2
Khoshut Khanate	1642?–1717	~1,400,000 km^2
Kalmyk Khanate	1630–1771
Timurid states (Persianate Turco-Mongol states)
Timurid Empire	1370–1507	4,400,000 km^2 (1405)[4]		Samarkand (1370–1505) Herat(1505–1507)
Mughal Empire	1526–1857	3,200,000 km^2 (1700)		Agra (1526–1571) Fatehpur Sikri (1571–1585) Lahore (1585–1598) Agra (1598–1648) Shahjahanabad/Delhi (1648–1857)
Other states/Khanate
Khanate of Sibir	1468–1598			Chimgi-Tura/Qashliq

Modern states

Name	Years	Area	Map	Capital
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Buryats)	1919–1926[5][6][7][8]			In Kizhinginsky District, Buryatia
Republic of Oirat-Kalmyk	1930	Kalmykia
Inner Mongolian People's Republic	1945	Xilin Gol		Sonid
Bogd Khanate of Mongolia	1911–1924			Ikh Khuree (Ulaanbaatar)
People's Republic of Mongolia	1924–1992			Ulaanbaatar
Mongolia	1992–present	1,564,115.75 km^2
Republic of Buryatia (Russian federal subject)	1990–present			Ulan-Ude

Autonomous areas

In Russia

Name	Years	Capital	Area	Map
State of Buryat-Mongolia	1917–1921	Chita
Mongol-Buryat Autonomous Oblast	1922–1923
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Oblast	1921–1923
Buryat-Mongol Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	1923–1958	Ulan-Ude
Buryat Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	1958–1992
Republic of Buryatia	1992–present		351,300 km^2
Agin Buryat-Mongol National Okrug	1937–1958	Aginskoye
Agin-Buryat National Okrug	1958–1977
Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug	1977–2008
Agin-Buryat Okrug	2008–present		9,600^2
Ust-Orda Buryat-Mongolian Autonomous Okrug	1937–1958	Ust-Ordynsky
Ust-Orda Buryat National Okrug	1958–1978
Ust-Orda Buryat Autonomous Okrug	1978–2008
Ust-Orda Buryat Okrug	2008–present		22,138^2
Kalmyk Autonomous Oblast	1920–1935 1957–1958	Astrakhan (till 1928) Elista
Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic	1935–1943 1958–1990	Elista (Elstei)
Kalmyk Soviet Socialist Republic	1990–1992
Kalmyk Republic-Halmg-Tangch	1992–1994
Kalmyk Republic	1994–present		76,100 km^2

In China

Name	Years	Capital	Area	Map
Mengjiang state	1936–1945	Kalgan (Khaalgan)
Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region	1947–present	Huhhot	1,183,000 km^2
Gansu Province
Subei Mongol Autonomous County
Hebei Province
Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County
Heilongjiang Province
Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County
Jilin Province
Qian Gorlos Mongol Autonomous County
Liaoning Province
Harqin Left Mongol Autonomous County
Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County
Qinghai Province
Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
Henan Mongol Autonomous County
Xinjiang Province
Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture		Korla	462,700 km^2
Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture		Bortala (Bortal)
Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County		Hoboksar (Khovogsair)

See also

• History of Mongolia
• List of heads of state of Mongolia
• List of Mongol rulers
• Timeline of Mongolian history

Maps

• 
  Rouran Khaganate c. 500
• 
  Rouran Khaganate, Northern Wei, Tuyuhun Kingdom, Southern Liang, Later Yan, Yueban and Northern Liang, 400 AD
• 
  Rouran, Northern Wei, Tuyuhun Kingdom, 500 AD
• 
  Tuyuhun Kingdom, Northern Zhou, Khitans and Tatabi people, 565 AD
• 
  Liao dynasty c. 1000
• 
  Mongol Empire in 1227
• 
  Mongol Empire
• 
  The Dzungar Khanate (c. 1750) (in blue line)
• 
  A map of the Dzungar Khanate, by a Swedish officer in captivity there in 1716-1733, which include the region known today as Zhetysu
• 
  The Dzungar Khanate (a fragment of the map of Russian Empire of Peter The Great, that was created by a Sweden soldier in c. 1725)
• 
  This map fragment shows territories of the Dzungar Khanate as in 1706. (Map Collection of the Library of Congress: "Carte de Tartarie" of Guillaume de L'Isle (1675-1726))
• 
  Mongolia
• 
  Mongolia

References

1. Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D. (December 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-Systems Research. 12 (2): 222–223. ISSN 1076-156X. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
2. Rein Taagepera (September 1997). "Expansion and Contraction Patterns of Large Polities: Context for Russia". International Studies Quarterly 41 (3): 475–504.
3. Jonathan M. Adams, Thomas D. Hall and Peter Turchin (2006). East-West Orientation of Historical Empires.Journal of World-Systems Research (University of Connecticut). 12 (no. 2): 219–229.
4. Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D. (2015). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires and Modern States". Journal of World-Systems Research. 12 (2): 219. doi:10.5195/jwsr.2006.369. ISSN 1076-156X.
5. Бидия Дандарон Archived 6 February 2016 at the Wayback Machine (Russian)
6. Балагатское движение Archived 28 March 2013 at the Wayback Machine (Russian)
7. Теократическое движение в Хоринском ведомстве Бурятии :1919–1926 гг. (Russian)
8. БАЛАГАТСКОЕ ДВИЖЕНИЕ Archived 14 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine (Russian)

Bibliography

• Andrews, Peter A. (1999). Felt tents and pavilions: the nomadic tradition and its interaction with princely tentage, Volume 1. Melisende. ISBN 1-901764-03-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Janhunen, Juha (2003a). "Proto-Mongolic". In Janhunen, J. (ed.). The Mongolic languages. pp. 1–29.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Janhunen, Juha (2003b). "Para-Mongolic". In Janhunen, J. (ed.). The Mongolic languages. pp. 391–402.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Weiers, Michael (ed.) (1986): Die Mongolen. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
• Dughlát Muhammad Haidar, Norbert Elias, Edward Denison Ross – The Tarikh-i-rashidi
• Henry Hoyle Howorth-History of the Mongols
• Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett, John King Fairbank -The Cambridge History of China: Alien regimes and border states, 907–1368
• William Bayne Fisher, Peter Jackson, Laurence Lockhart, J. A. Boyle -The Cambridge history of Iran, 5
• Konstantin Nikolaevich Maksimov – Kalmykia in Russia's past and present national policies and administrative system