List of LNG terminals
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is the liquefied form of natural gas, which has a much smaller volume than natural gas in its gaseous form. This liquefied condition is used to facilitate the carriage of natural gas over long distances, often by sea, in specialized tanks.
LNG port terminals are purpose-built port terminals designed to accommodate large LNG carrier ships designed to load, carry and unload LNG. These LNG terminals are located adjacent to a gas liquefaction and storage plant (export), or to a gas regasification and storage plant (import), which are themselves connected to gas pipelines connected to on-shore or off-shore gas fields (export) or to storage and distribution plants (import).
Existing liquefaction terminals
Africa
Plant Name | Location | Country | Startup Date | Capacity (106 tonnes/a) | Corporation |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Arzew (CAMEL) GL4Z Trains 1-3 | Algeria | 1964 | 0.3 × 3 = 0.9 | Sonatrach. Shutdown since April 2010. | |
Arzew GL1Z Trains 1-6 | Algeria | 1978 | 1.3 × 6 = 7.8 | Sonatrach | |
Arzew GL2Z Trains 1-6 | Algeria | 1981 | 1.4 × 6 = 8.4 | Sonatrach | |
Arzew GL3Z Train 1 | Algeria | 2013 | 4.7 | Sonatrach | |
Skikda GL K Phase 1 & 2 Trains 1-6 | Algeria | 1972/1981 | Total 6.0 | Sonatrach | |
Skikda GL1k Skikda Train 1 | Algeria | 2013 | 4.5 | Sonatrach | |
EG LNG | Malabo, Bioko Island | Equatorial Guinea[1] | |||
SEGAS LNG | Damietta | Egypt | 2004 | 5.5 | SEGAS LNG |
ELNG IDCO LNG | Egypt | ||||
Nigeria LNG | Bonny | Nigeria | |||
Angola LNG | Angola |
Asia
- Malaysia LNG, Tanjung Kidurong, Bintulu, Malaysia
- Brunei LNG, Lumut, Brunei
- Arun, Indonesia
- Badak NGL, Indonesia
- Tangguh, Indonesia
- RGTSU, Sungai Udang, Melaka, Malaysia
Russia
- Sakhalin LNG, Sakhalin, Russia - (Sakhalin Energy Investment Company Ltd. )[2]
- Yamal LNG, in Sabetta, on the Yamal Peninsula, in Russia.[3][4]
Middle East
Australia
- Queensland Curtis LNG - BG Group - Curtis Island, Queensland.[8]
- Karratha Gas Plant - North West Shelf Venture operated by Woodside Petroleum in Karratha, Western Australia[9]
- Pluto LNG, operated by Woodside Petroleum in Karratha, Western Australia[10]
- Darwin LNG, operated by ConocoPhillips[11]
- Gladstone LNG, operated by Santos Limited[12]
- Australia Pacific LNG, operated by Origin Energy[13]
- Wheatstone LNG, operated by Chevron Corporation[14]
- Gorgon LNG, operated by Chevron Corporation
Europe
North America
- Kenai LNG, Nikiski, Alaska[18] (first US liquefaction terminal; last export was in 2015. Sold by ConocoPhillips to Andeavor in January 2018).
- Cheniere Energy Sabine Pass terminal (Louisiana)[19]
- Dominion Cove Point LNG, Maryland terminal (under construction)[20]
- Cheniere Energy Corpus Christi terminal, Texas (under construction)[21]
- Freeport LNG Terminal, Quintana Island, Texas[22]
- Cameron LNG, Hackberry, Louisiana (under construction)[23]
- Southern LNG, Elba Island, Georgia - (Kinder Morgan) (under construction)[24]
- Costa Azul LNG near Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico
- Solensa (small scale) near Monterrey, Mexico[25]
- Atlantic LNG, Trinidad and Tobago[26]
Existing regasification terminals
Bangladesh
- Moheshkhali Floating LNG Terminal, Excelerate Energy, 2018[29]
- Summit LNG, Summit Corporation, 2019[30]
Belgium
Brazil
- Pecém, State of Ceará
- Bahia LNG Regasification Terminal, Bay of All Saints, State of Bahia
- Guanabara Bay, State of Rio de Janeiro
- TPP Porto de Sergipe I, Barra dos Coqueiros, State of Sergipe. [Private Terminal]
Canada
Chile
- GNL, Quintero
- GNL, Mejillones
China
- Dapeng LNG Terminal, Shenzhen, Guangdong province
- Fujian LNG Terminal, Putian, Fujian province
- Shanghai LNG Terminal, Yangshan Port, Shanghai
- Dalian LNG Terminal, Dalian, Liaoning province
- Ningbo LNG Terminal, Ningbo, Zhejiang province
- Rudong LNG Terminal, Nantong, Jiangsu province
- Qidong LNG Terminal, Qidong, Jiangsu province
- Tangshan LNG Terminal, Caofeidian, Hebei province
- Tianjin LNG Terminal, Binhai New Area, Tianjin
- Tianjin LNG Terminal, Nangang Industrial Zone, Tianjin
- Zhuhai LNG Terminal, Zhuhai, Guangdong province
- Qingdao LNG Terminal, Jiaonan, Shandong province
- Shenzhen LNG Terminal, Shenzhen, Guangdong province
- Hainan LNG Terminal, Yangpu Economic Development Zone, Hainan
- Guangxi LNG Terminal, Beihai, Guangxi
- Zhoushan LNG Terminal, Zhoushan, Zhejiang province
- Dongguan LNG Terminal, Dongguan, Guangdong province
- Yuedong LNG Terminal, Jieyang, Guangdong province
Colombia
Croatia
Finland
- Pori, LNG terminal. https://www.gasum.com/en/About-gas/natural-gas-and-lng/lng-supply-chain/terminals--liquefaction-plants/gasum-lng-terminal-pori/
- Tornio, Manga LNG terminal. https://www.gasum.com/en/About-gas/natural-gas-and-lng/lng-supply-chain/terminals--liquefaction-plants/manga-terminal-tornio/
- Hamina, Hamina LNG terminal. Operated by https://www.haminalng.fi/ and https://www.rohe.fi/
France
- LNG Terminal Fos-Cavaou in Fos-sur-Mer near Marseille. Operated by Fosmax LNG, a subsidiary of Elengy, itself a subsidiary of Engie. Entered service in 2010, total storage capacity of 330,000 m3, 1 jetty, and a regasification capacity of 8,250,000,000 m3 per year.
- LNG Terminal Fos-Tonkin in Fos-sur-Mer near Marseille. Operated by Elengy, a subsidiary of Engie. Entered service in 1972, total storage capacity of 150,000 m3, 1 jetty and a regasification capacity of 5,500,000,000 m3 per year.
- LNG Terminal Loon-Plage in Loon-Plage, near Dunkirk. Operated by Électricité de France (65%), Fluxys (25%) and Total S.A. (10%). Entered service in 2017, total storage capacity of 600,000 m3, 2 jetties, and a regasification capacity of 13,000,000,000 m3 per year.
- LNG Terminal Montoir-de-Bretagne, in Montoir-de-Bretagne near Nantes. Operated by Elengy, a subsidiary of Engie. Entered service in 1980, total storage capacity of 360,000 m3, 2 jetties, and a regasification capacity of 10,000,000,000 m3 per year.
Greece
- Revithoussa LNG Terminal, on Revithoussa island near Athens. Operated by DESFA, a subsidiary of DEPA. Entered service in 1999, total storage capacity of 130,000 m3, 1 jetty, and a regasification capacity of 5,500,000,000 m3 per year.
India
- Konkan LNG Private Limited, Dabhol, Maharashtra, 5 million tonnes per year.
- Dahej Terminal, Petronet LNG Ltd, Gujarat - 15 million tonnes per year[35] and 17.5 million tonnes per year by 2018 end.
- Hazira Terminal, Shell Ltd, Gujarat - 5 million tonnes per year[35]
- Kochi Terminal, Petronet LNG Ltd. - 5 million tonnes per year[35]
- [(Mundra)] Terminal, GSPC LNG Ltd. - 5 million tonnes per year
- (Chennai) Terminal, INDIAN OIL LNG - 5 million tonnes per year https://www.indianoillng.com/
Italy
- Adriatic LNG Terminal, offshore near Rovigo. Operated ExxonMobil (45%), Qatar Petroleum (45%), Edison SpA (10%). Entered service in 2009, total storage capacity of 500,000 m3, 1 jetty, and a regasification capacity of 6,486,000,000 m3 per year.
- Panigaglia LNG Terminal, near La Spezia. Operated by GNL Italia, a subsidiary of Snam. Entered service in 1971, total storage capacity of 100,000 m3, 1 jetty, and a regasification capacity of 3,864,000,000 m3 per year.[37]
- Toscana LNG Terminal, offshore near Livorno. Operated by OLT Offshore (a joint venture of Iren (company) (49.07%), Uniper (48.24%), and Golar LNG (2.69%)). Entered service in 2013, total storage capacity of 137,100 m3, 1 jetty, and an authorized regasification capacity of 3,750,000,000 m3 per year.[38]
Japan
- Tōhoku region and Hokkaido region
- Shin Minato LNG terminal, Sendai Gas, 0.08M m3, opened 1997
- Hachinohe LNG terminal (Re-shipment), Nippon Oil, 0.04M m3, open 2006
- Hakodate LNG terminal (Re-shipment), open 2006
- Chūbu region
- Higashi Niigata LNG terminal, Tohoku Electric, 0.72M m3, open 1984
- Sodeshi LNG terminal, Shimizu LNG and Shizuoka Gas, 0.177M m3, open 1996
- Chita Kyodo LNG terminal, Chubu Electric and Toho Gas, 0.3M m3, open 1977
- Chita LNG terminal, Chita LNG, Chubu Electric and Toho Gas, 0.64M m3, open 1983
- Yokkaichi LNG Centre, Toho Gas, 0.32M m3, open 1987
- Yokkaichi Works LNG terminal, Chubu Electric, 0.16M m3, open 1991
- Kawagoe LNG terminal, Chubu Electric, 0.48M m3, open 1997
- Chita Midorihama LNG terminal, Toho Gas, 0.2M m3, open 2001
- Joetsu LNG terminal, Chubu Electric, 0.54M m3, open 2011
- Naoetsu LNG terminal, Inpex, 0.36M m3, open 2013
- Kantō region
- Futtsu LNG terminal, Tokyo Electric, 1.11M m3, open 1985
- Sodegaura LNG terminal, Tokyo Electric and Tokyo Gas, 2.66M m3, open 1973
- Higashi Ohgishima LNG terminal, Tokyo Electric, 0.54M m3, open 1984
- Ohgishima LNG terminal, Tokyo Gas, 0.6M m3, open 1998
- Negishi LNG terminal, Tokyo Electric and Tokyo Gas, 1.25M m3, open 1969
- Kansai region
- Senboku 1 LNG terminal, Osaka Gas, 0.18M m3, open 1972
- Senboku 2 LNG terminal, Osaka Gas, 1.51M m3, open 1972
- Himeji LNG terminal, Osaka Gas, 0.52M m3, open 1977
- Himeji Joint LNG terminal, Osaka Gas and Kansai Electric, 1.44M m3, open 1984
- Sakai LNG terminal, Sakai LNG and Kansai Electric and Iwatani Corporation and Cosmo Oil, 0.56M m3, open 2010
- Shikoku region
- Sakaide LNG terminal, Shikoku Electric Power, 0.18M m3, open 2010
- Chūgoku region
- Hatsukaichi LNG terminal, Hiroshima Gas, 0.17M m3, 1996
- Yanai LNG terminal, Chugoku Electric Power, 0.48M m3, 1990
- Mizushima LNG terminal, Mizushima LNG and Chugoku Electric Power and Nippon Oil, 0.16M m3, 2006
- Kyūshū region and Okinawa
- Ōita LNG terminal, Oita LNG and Kyushu Electric Power and Kyushu Oil and Oita Gas, 0.46M m3, 1990
- Tobata LNG terminal, Kitakyushu LNG and Kyushu Electric Power and Nippon Steel, 0.48M m3, 1997
- Fukuoka LNG terminal, Seibu Gas, 0.07M m3, 1993
- Kagoshima LNG terminal, Kagoshima Gas, 0.036M m3, 1996
- Nagasaki LNG terminal, Seibu Gas, 0.035M m3, 2003
- Nakagusuku LNG terminal, Okinawa Electric Power, 0.7M m3, due to open 2010
Kuwait
- Mina Al-Ahmadi Gasport, 2009 (KNPC)[39]
Lithuania
- Klaipėda LNG Terminal offshore Klaipėda. Operated by Klaipėdos Nafta. Entered service in 2014, total storage capacity of 170,000 m3, 1 jetty, and a gasification capacity of 4,000,000,000 m3.
Mexico
- Costa Azul LNG 14 miles (23 km) north of Ensenada, Mexico, Sempra Energy, opened May 2008, first one on West Coast of North America.[40]
- Altamira LNG near Tampico, Mexico, Shell, opened August 2006
- Manzanillo LNG in Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico, Mitsui + Korea Gas + Samsung, opened 2011
- Solensa LNG (Small Scale), near Monterrey, Mexico
Pakistan
- Engro Enengy Terminal Private Limited (EETPL), Port Qasim, Karachi[42]
- Pakistan Gas Port Corporation (PGPC), Port Qasim, Karachi
Poland
- Świnoujście LNG terminal, Świnoujście (Wolin Island)
Portugal
Singapore
- Singapore LNG Terminal. Commenced commercial operation on Q2 2013[43]
South Korea
Spain
- Barcelona (Enagás)
- Bilbao (consortium including Enagás, Ente Vasco de la Energia and RREEF), see on a map
- Huelva (Enagás), see on a map
- Sagunto, Valencia (consortium including Enagás, Osaka Gas and Oman Oil Holdings)
- Cartagena (Enagás), see on a map
- Mugardos Ferrol Harbour (Reganosa, starting in 2007)
- Gijón (Enagás, starting in 2012)
Taiwan
- Guantang LNG Terminal, Taoyuan, Taiwan (planning)
- Taichung LNG Terminal, Taichung, Taiwan
- Yong'an LNG Terminal, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Thailand
- Map Ta Phut LNG Terminal Phase#1: 2 x 160,000 m3 for Tanks Capacity, PTT and EGAT Phase#2: extra tanks (same size). Phase#1 Completed & Commenced Commercial Operation Date in 2011.(First commissioning by LNG vessel on May 2011. 5 million tonnes per year, additional 5 million tonnes per year by 2017 under construction)
Turkey
United Arab Emirates (UAE)
United States and Puerto Rico
The following LNG off-loading and regasification terminals are located in the United States and Gulf of Mexico:[46]
- Dominion Cove Point LNG, LP, Lusby, Maryland - (Dominion Resources)[47]
- Southern LNG, Elba Island, Georgia - (Kinder Morgan)[48][49]
- Trunkline LNG, Lake Charles, Louisiana - (Trunkline LNG Company, LLC)[50][51]
- EcoEléctrica, Punta Guyanilla, Puerto Rico[52][53]
- Golden Pass LNG, rural Jefferson County, Texas - (Golden Pass LNG)[54][55]
- Sabine Pass LNG, rural Cameron Parish, Louisiana - (Cheniere Energy, Inc.)[56][57]
- Cameron LNG, rural Cameron Parish, Louisiana - (Sempra Energy)[58][59]
- Freeport LNG, Freeport, Texas - (Freeport LNG Development, LP)[60][61]
- Everett Marine Terminal, Everett, Massachusetts - (Exelon Corporation)[62][63]
- Gulf LNG, Pascagoula, Mississippi - (Kinder Morgan)[64]
- Gulf Gateway Deepwater Port, Gulf of Mexico - (Excelerate Energy LP)[65] (decommissioned)[66]
- Northeast Gateway Deepwater Port, offshore from Gloucester, Massachusetts,[67](Excelerate Energy LP)
- Neptune LNG, offshore from Gloucester, Massachusetts,[68](GDf Suez)
UK
- South Hook LNG, Milford Haven, South Wales
- Dragon LNG terminal, Milford Haven, South Wales
- Grain LNG, Isle of Grain, Kent
Proposed liquefaction terminals
Asia Pacific
- PNG LNG, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea - (estimated 2013) - (ExxonMobil 41.6%, Oil Search 34.1%, Santos 17.7%, AGL 3.6%, Nippon Oil 1.8% and Mineral Resource Development Corporation 1.2%)[69]
- Jingbian Terminal, Yulin, Shaanxi Province - (China Natural Gas 100%) - to be completed December 2009[70]
Russia
Canada
- Energie Saguenay, Quebec
- Goldboro LNG, Goldboro, Nova Scotia[72]
- Kitimat LNG, Kitimat, British Columbia[73]
- LNG Canada, Kitimat, British Columbia
- Woodfibre LNG, Woodfibre, British Columbia
United States
The United States has had a massive shift in LNG terminal planning and construction starting in 2010-2011 due to a rapid increase in US domestic natural gas supply with the widespread adoption of hydraulic fracking petroleum recovery technology. Many brand-new LNG import terminals are planning or have begun addition of liquefaction facilities to operate as export terminals.
On 21 November 2019, U.S. regulators approved permits for three new liquified natural gas export terminals in the Rio Grande Valley in Texas. The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission approved permits for Rio Grande LNG, Annova LNG and Texas LNG with each of the three companies intending to build their LNG plant and terminal at the Port of Brownsville.[74] One month after approval, the Sierra Club and other environmental groups asked the FERC to reconsider the permits, saying the agency failed to adequately consider environmental impacts.[75]
The following six projects are in various stages of planning according to the US Federal regulatory authority as of May 2020.[76]
- Pending Applications
- Commonwealth LNG, Cameron Parish, LA
- Sempra–Port Arthur LNG, Trains 3 & 4, Port Arthur, TX
- Projects in Pre-Filing
- Port Fourchon LNG, LaFourche Parish, LA
- Galveston Bay LNG, Galveston Bay, TX
- Pointe LNG, Plaquemines Parish, LA
- Delta LNG/Venture Global, Plaquemines Parish, LA
- Previously proposed
Several projects which were shown in the planning process in earlier FERC data releases, are no longer listed on the active proposed project list as of May 2020.
- Alaska Gasline, Nikiski, AK
- Jordan Cove, Coos Bay, OR
- Sabine Pass Third Berth, Sabine Pass, LA
NOTE: Now in December 2019, many regasification plants have been converted to liquefaction trains i.e Sabine pass and others.
Australia
- Barrow Island - Chevron Corporation proposes to build an LNG facility and loading terminal on Barrow Island, Western Australia, as part of its Gorgon Project.[78]
- Australia Pacific LNG - Origin Energy, ConocoPhillips and Sinopec - Curtis Island, Queensland.[79][80]
- Arrow LNG - Arrow Energy - Curtis Island, Queensland.[81]
- Gladstone LNG - Santos, Petronas, Total and KOGAS - Curtis Island, Queensland.[82]
Europe
- Vassiliko LNG, Limassol, Cyprus
Russia
- Shtokmann LNG, Murmansk, Russia
- Yamal LNG, Yamal, Russia
Proposed regasification terminals
Australia
- AGL Gas Import Jetty, Crib Point[83]
Bangladesh
- Matarbari LNG Terminal, Maheshkhali
Chile
- GNL Mejillones (In operation)
- GNL Quintero (In operation)
- GNL Penco
Estonia
- Paldiski LNG (developed by Alexela)
France
- Fos-Faster LNG terminal,[85] planned start of commercial operation 2019
Germany
Greece
- Crete LNG Terminal, planned
- Kavala LNG Terminal, planned
Hong Kong
- An FSRU (floating storage regasification unit) in the waters to the east of the Soko Islands
India
- Pipavav LNG Terminal (APM Terminals)
- Mundra LNG Terminal (GSPC/Adani) - 5mt/year[35]
- Ennore LNG Terminal Ltd (IOCL/TIDCO)[91]
- Mangalore LNG Terminal Ltd
- Paradwip LNG Terminal (GAIL)-4.8 mt/year[92]
- Kochi LNG Terminal (Puthuvypeen)[93]
- Kakinada LNG Terminal owned by GAIL, GDF SUEZ and Shell. 5 mt/year.[94]
- Kakinada LNG Terminal owned by VGS Cavallo, 3.6 mt/year.[95]
- Kakinada LNG Terminal owned by GMR, 1.75 mt/year.[96]
- Vizag LNG Terminal owned by Petronet, 10 mt/year.[97]
- Konkan LNG Limited (GAIL), 5 mt/year
Indonesia
- East Java by 2011,[98] Pertamina
- West Java by 2011,[98] PGN and Pertamina
- North Sumatra by 2011[98] by PGN ( PT Perusahaan Gas Negara )
The country also has liquefaction terminals in more remote areas for export, and imports from the Middle East in areas with dense population.
Ireland
- Shannon LNG Terminal.[99] Shannon LNG
Italy
- Porto Empedocle LNG Terminal
Japan
- Hitachi LNG Terminal, Tokyo Gas, 2017 possible start date.
Latvia
- A terminal in Riga[100]
Mexico
- TGNL - Manzanillo, Colima scheduled to open 2011
Myanmar
- A terminal in Kanbauk in Tanintharyi Region is expected to open in the middle of 2020, through JV of French company Total and Germany's Siemens for the 1,230MW capacity in 48 months[101]
- A terminal in Mee Laung Gyaing in Ayeyarwady Region, is a US$2.5 Billion JV of China's Zhefu and local Myanmar company Supreme Group will undertake a 1,390MW LNG project, with the first phase to be completed in 36 months and full capacity ready in 42 months[102]
- A terminal in Ahlone in Yangon Region a Thailand company TTCL – better known as Toyo Thai to will build a 356MW LNG plant. This is expected to be completed in 28 months[103]
- A terminal in Kyaukphyu in Rakhine State a JV of China's Sinohydro and Myanmar Local company Supreme Group will build another 135MW combined-cycle gas turbine project which is expected to be completed in 28 months with the Ahlone terminal[104]
Netherlands
Philippines
- A First Gen LNG Terminal, Batangas City, Philippines[107]
- A terminal in Sulu Southwestern Philippines in the Island of Mindanao[108]
- A terminal in Cebu central Philippines of Phinma Petroleum and Geothermal (PPG), floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) have already been completed and the entire project is expected to be completed in 2022[109]
- Another US$1.7 billion LNG Terminal to power Luzon to be built by South Korea's SK E&S with signed MOU with he Korean Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy and the Philippines Department of Energy signed during the visit of the Philippine President Rodrigo Roa Duterte in South Korea[110]
Russia
Kaliningrad LNG Terminal[111]
South Korea
North East Asia LNG Hub Terminal[112]
Thailand
- Map Ta Phut LNG Terminal/ Project expansion for Phase 2.
Ukraine
- Proposed terminal near Odessa, on 26 November 2012 the Ukrainian government and Unión Fenosa (were believed to have) signed an agreement on its building but Unión Fenosa denies this and it claimed on 28 November 2012 "nor are we leading any consortium to develop such a terminal ... nor are we studying anything along these lines".[113][114] The terminal was due to start working at a capacity of 5 billion cubic meters a year by 2016.[115]
United States and Gulf of Mexico
Proposed LNG Terminals:[116]
- Broadwater Energy, proposed floating terminal in Long Island Sound between New York State and Connecticut
- BlueOcean Energy, 20 miles off-shore from New Jersey[117]
- Bradwood Landing, east of Astoria, Oregon, on the Columbia River[118]
- Oregon LNG, proposed for a site in Warrenton, just west of Astoria, Oregon on the Columbia River[119]
- AES Sparrows Point LNG near Baltimore, Maryland[120]
- Cabrillo Port Liquefied Natural Gas Deepwater Port, proposed FSRU terminal approximately 21 miles offshore of Port Hueneme, Ventura County, California.[121] disapproved by Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger on 18 May 2007.[122][123]
- Downeast LNG on Passamaquoddy Bay, Robbinston, Maine[124] As of 6 January 2010, Downeast LNG will be one-and-one-half years late in supplying answers to FERC's technical questions arising from the Draft Environmental Impact Statement. FERC's deadline was 6 July 2009.
- Jordan Cove Energy Project, Coos Bay, Oregon[125]
See also
11.http://www.lngglobal.com/latest/sabine-pass-progress-report-train-2-first-cargo-mid-august-2016.html
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