Dörtyol

Dörtyol (Armenian: Չորք Մարզպան, Čork Marzban) is a city in Hatay Province, Turkey. It is a port city and oil terminus located 26 km north of the city of Iskenderun, near the easternmost point of the Mediterranean at the head of the Gulf of İskenderun.

For other places with the same name, see Dörtyol (disambiguation).
Dörtyol
Dörtyol
Coordinates: 36°50′34″N 36°13′28″E
CountryTurkey
ProvinceHatay
Government
 • MayorYaşar Toksoy (MHP)
 • KaymakamRecep Soytürk
Area
 • District599.97 km2 (231.65 sq mi)
Elevation
57 m (187 ft)
Population
 (2012)[2]
 • Urban
75,110
 • District
151,837
 • District density250/km2 (660/sq mi)
Post code
316xx
Websitewww.dortyol.bel.tr

Geography

The name Dörtyol means "crossroads" (literally "four roads") in Turkish, and indeed the town sits on a crossing of highways, especially the O-53 from Anatolia south into Hatay and on to Syria. The road is channelled along the narrow coastal strip with the Nur Mountains (the ancient Amanos) behind. Dörtyol is at the edge of the Çukurova Plain and being near the coast, is humid and the countryside is fairly green and fertile. Therefore, as well as oil-handling, the economic activities of the district include forestry, cotton, and the cultivation of citrus fruits, especially a local variety of tangerine.

History

This crossroads has seen the passage of numerous armies and some of the biggest military campaigns in history, including the Battle of Issus between Alexander the Great and Darius in 333 BC. In 1895 the Armenians of Chorkmarzban resisted the Hamidian Massacres. In 1909 during the Adana Massacre the Armenians of Dörtyol or Chorkmarzban resisted the massacres again, but large numbers perished. From 1919-1921 the Armenians again resisted the Armenian Genocide, but were almost completely exterminated. After the French and Turks agreed on the Syrian-Turkish border, Dörtyol fell on the Turkish side, and the surviving Armenians fled to Alexandretta, Aleppo, and Amman. More recently Dörtyol is remembered in Turkey as the scene of the first fighting in the Turkish War of Independence. The fighting with the occupying forces was ignited in Karakese which is located on the edge of the Nur mountains village. In 1918 Dörtyol was occupied by French troops. Turks in the area retreated to the hills and began their resistance under the leadership of Kara Hasan Paşa. Dörtyol was thus not part of the Republic of Hatay but was a Turkish district added to Hatay when the province was brought into the Turkish republic in 1939. Abaza Hasan Pasha

The town is mentioned in The Forty Days of Musa Dagh.[3]

References
  1. "Area of regions (including lakes), km²". Regional Statistics Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. 2002. Retrieved 2013-03-05.
  2. "Population of province/district centers and towns/villages by districts - 2012". Address Based Population Registration System (ABPRS) Database. Turkish Statistical Institute. Retrieved 2013-02-27.
  3. Werfel, Franz (1935). The Forty Days of Musa Dagh. New York: The Viking Press. p. 245-246.


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